電動機(jī)啟動停止的控制系統(tǒng)

1、0、前言 ·················································&

2、#183;···············································11、系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計

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6、·······················22.1 PLC的選型 ·························

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8、···········22.2電器原理圖主電路 ·····································

9、;········································22.3 PLC的外觀接線圖 ·······&#

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11、183;···················33、系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計·····························

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13、;·······33.1控制系統(tǒng)的I/O點(diǎn)及地址分配 ·······································

14、3;·····················33.2 系統(tǒng)流程圖 ···························

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16、;·········43.3程序設(shè)計·······································

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18、83;··54、結(jié)束語 ··············································&#

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21、#183;········································10前言0.1本次課題設(shè)計的目的隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的猛速發(fā)展，自動控制技術(shù)在人類活動的各個領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用越來越廣泛，它

22、的水平已成為衡量一個國家生產(chǎn)和科學(xué)技術(shù)先進(jìn)與否的一項(xiàng)重要標(biāo)志。在機(jī)械、煉油、化工、制藥等行業(yè)中，電動機(jī)的啟動停止控制是必不可少的程序，而且也是其生產(chǎn)過程中十分重要的組成部分。所以為了更好的學(xué)習(xí)PLC控制，必要的課程設(shè)計是必不可少的通過課程設(shè)計可以幫我們學(xué)習(xí)基本理論在實(shí)踐中的綜合運(yùn)用的初步經(jīng)驗(yàn)，掌握PLC設(shè)計的基本方法，設(shè)計步驟，培養(yǎng)綜合設(shè)計與調(diào)試的能力；掌握PLC匯編語言程序設(shè)計方法；培養(yǎng)實(shí)踐技能，提高分析和解決實(shí)際問題的能力。0.2設(shè)計內(nèi)容1、設(shè)計出電氣原理圖2、設(shè)計出硬件系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)圖、接線圖3、運(yùn)用功能指令進(jìn)行PLC控制程序設(shè)計4、進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)調(diào)試，實(shí)現(xiàn)三部電動機(jī)啟動停止的控制要求0.3控制要

23、求1、電源ON時，按SF4、SF5無作用2、按SF3，M3電動機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，此時按SF5無作用3、按SF4，M2運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)4、按SF5，M1運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)5、按SF1時M1停止，5s后PL2閃爍5次M2停止，10s后PL3閃爍10次M3停止6、按SF2時M3運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，5s后PL3閃爍5次 M2加入運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，10s后PL2閃爍10次 M1加入運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)7、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中按SF6全部電動機(jī)立即停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)8、電動機(jī)全部運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，熱繼電器BB3動作，M1、M2、M3全部停止。PG與L4會交替響、亮（0.5s/ON，0.5s/OFF）。此時將COS切于2，則PG停響L4亮。9、電動機(jī)全部運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，熱繼電器BB2動作，則M1、M2停止，M3繼續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，PG與L

24、4會交替響、亮（0.5s/ON，0.5s/OFF）。此時將COS切于2，則PG停響L4亮。此時按SF6，則M3停止。當(dāng)熱繼電器BB2復(fù)位時，L4熄滅，COS切回1位置。10、電動機(jī)全部運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，熱繼電器BB1動作，M1停止，M2、M3繼續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，PG與L4會交替響、亮（0.5s/ON，0.5s/OFF）。此時將COS切于2，則PG停響L4亮。此時按SF6，則M2、M3停止。當(dāng)熱繼電器BB1復(fù)位時，L4熄滅，COS切回1位置。1、系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的要求，本課程設(shè)計是采用 PLC進(jìn)行設(shè)計。S7-200PLC屬于小型PLC，其主機(jī)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是整體式，主機(jī)上有一定數(shù)量的輸入/輸出點(diǎn)，一個主機(jī)單元就是一個

25、系統(tǒng)。它還可以進(jìn)行靈活的擴(kuò)展，如果I/O點(diǎn)不夠，則可增加I/O擴(kuò)展模塊；如果需要其他特殊功能，如特殊通信或定位控制等，則可以增加相應(yīng)的功能模塊。本系統(tǒng)的其它各種硬件包括電動機(jī)、各種開關(guān)按鈕、COS、熔斷器、熱繼電器、電燈及電鈴等設(shè)備，它們通過PLC連接在一起并通過設(shè)計的程序使整個系統(tǒng)按規(guī)定的方式運(yùn)行。2、系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計2.1 PLC的選型本系統(tǒng)中為11輸入/8輸出，故選用CPU224，它集成14輸入/10輸出，它最多可以有7個擴(kuò)展模塊，即可滿足本系統(tǒng)要求，又為以后的功能拓展留有余地；它有內(nèi)置時鐘，有更強(qiáng)的模擬量和高速計數(shù)器的處理能力，是使用得最多的S7-200產(chǎn)品。其結(jié)構(gòu)圖如2-1所示。圖2-1 PLC結(jié)構(gòu)圖2.2電器原理圖主電路系統(tǒng)的電氣原理圖主電路圖如圖2-2所示圖2-2主電路圖2.3 PLC的外觀接線圖PLC的外觀接線圖如圖2-3所示。圖2-3 PLC外觀接線圖3、系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計3.1控制系統(tǒng)的I/O點(diǎn)及地址分配輸入/輸出地址分配如表3-1輸入設(shè)備地址編號輸出設(shè)備地址編號電源I0.0MA1Q0.0SF1I0.1MA2Q0.1SF2I0.2MA3Q0.2SF3I0.3PG1Q0.3SF4I0.4PG2Q0.4SF5I0.5PG3Q0.5SF6I0.6PG4Q0.6BB1I0.7PBQ0.