小升初英語系列-形容詞和副詞教學(xué)文稿

1、<<<<<<精品資料形容詞和副詞講義及演練一.形容詞1 .修飾名詞，描述其性質(zhì)、品質(zhì)、特征等的詞。一般“的”的詞都是形容詞。如：She is a beautiful girl. （S亮的）2 .在句中作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語。如：I have an interesting book. （interesting趣的， 修飾 book, 在句中作定語）We are happy today. （happytft樂的，在句中作表語）Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.（cleanF凈的，tidy 整

2、潔的， 在 句中都作賓語補(bǔ)足語）一3 .多個(gè)形容詞同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí)的排列順序限定詞+外觀類+形狀+年齡+顏色+國(guó)籍+材料+名詞（簡(jiǎn)記：縣官行令色國(guó)才）如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一個(gè)17歲的高個(gè)子黑皮膚美國(guó)男孩。the big round red wooden table.又大又圓的紅色木質(zhì)飯桌。二.副詞：1 .通常修飾動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作的程度、方式等。還可修飾形容詞、副詞，有時(shí)修飾整個(gè)句子，在句中作狀語。一般“地”的詞都是副詞。如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.仔細(xì)地,認(rèn)真地）2 .副詞的

3、分類1）時(shí)間副詞:now, today等2） 頻度副詞： always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never3） 地點(diǎn)副詞： here, there, upstairs, downstairs 等3）方式副詞：carefully, fast, well, politely 等4）程度副詞：much, little, quite 等5） 疑問副詞：how, when, where, why 等三.形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化成副詞1 . 一般在形容詞后加ly,如：quick-quickly2 .以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的形容詞，變y為i,力口 ly,如：happy-happ

4、ily3 .以u(píng)e結(jié)尾的形容詞，去 e加ly,如：true-truly注：有些詞兼有形容詞和副詞的詞性，如：fast, hard, high, late, far等，它們的詞性只有通 過具體語境來判斷。另外，有些以ly結(jié)尾的詞不是副詞，而是形容詞，如：friendly, lovely lonely, lively 等。四.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)構(gòu)成1 .比較級(jí)：兩者之間進(jìn)行比較時(shí)形容詞和副詞的變化形式，如 tall-taller, well-better2 .最高級(jí)：三者或三者以上進(jìn)行比較時(shí)形容詞和副詞的變化形式，如 long-longest3 .比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則：規(guī)則變化（單音

5、節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)）：a. 在詞尾直接力口 -er/est,如：short-shorter-shortestb. 詞尾是 e, 只力口-r/st,如：nice-nicer-nicestc. 以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的， 變 y 為i 再力口-er/est,如：happy-happier-happiestd.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫該輔音字母，冉加 -er/est,如：big-bigger-biggeste.其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，其前力口more/most,如：more/most delicious不規(guī)則變化：如下表（簡(jiǎn)記為：好、壞、多、少、遠(yuǎn)）詞義原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)好good/wellb

6、etterbest壞bad/badly/illworseworst多many/muchmoremost少littlelessleast遠(yuǎn)farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest五.形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)用法:1 .原級(jí)的用法：用于兩者之間對(duì)比，意思為“和相同”相當(dāng)于 the same as- 肯定句：A+動(dòng)詞.+as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as BTom is as honest as Jack. Jack runs as fast as Peter.否定句：A+動(dòng)詞.+not as/so.”容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as BThis tree is not as/so

7、tall as that one.2 .比較級(jí)的用法：1） A+動(dòng)詞+形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)+than+ BSusan is happier than Jane. Lily run faster than Mary注：形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)前還可以用 much, even, still, a little, far, a lot, a bit來修飾。2）數(shù)字（倍數(shù)）+形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)+thanI ' m two years older than you.Our classroom is twice bigger than yours.3）比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)，表示“越來越”The eart

8、h is getting warmer and warmer.4） the +比較級(jí),the +比較級(jí),表示“越 ,就越”The more, the better.越多越好。（多多益善）3 .最高級(jí)用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比較，最高級(jí)前加the,最高級(jí)前有物主代詞，序數(shù)詞和名 詞所有格時(shí)，不加定冠詞，后面跟帶in或of表范圍的短語。1） one of the + 最高級(jí)Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.2）比較級(jí)句型表達(dá)最高級(jí)意義A+動(dòng)詞+比較級(jí)+than+any other+B（單數(shù)）如：The Changji

9、ang River is longer than any other river in China.A+動(dòng)詞+比較級(jí)+than+the other+B（復(fù)數(shù)）如：The Changjiang River is longer than the other rivers in China.<<<<<<精品資料<<<<<<精品資料»»»»以上兩句意思相當(dāng)于： The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.隨堂演練（滿分100分）一、寫

10、出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí) （23*1分=23分）oldyoungtalllongshortstrongbigsmallfatthinheavylightnicegoodbeautifullowhigh一slowfastlate early_farwell二、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：(23*1分=23分)1. My brother is two years(old)than me.2. Tom is as(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is(thin),you or Helen? H

11、elen is.5. Whose pencil-box is(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary ' s hair is as(long) as Lucy' s.7. Ben(jump)(high) than some of the boys in his class.8 .Nancy sing(well) than Helen? Yes, she.9 .Fangfang is not as(tall) as the other girls.10 .My eyes are(big) than(she).11 .Which is(heavy),

12、the elephant or the pig?12 .Who gets up(early),Tim or Tom?13 .the girls get up(early) than the boys?No,they.14 . Jim runs(sl ow). But Ben runs(slow).15.The child doesn' t(write) as(fast) as thestudents.三、小小翻譯家：(62*0.5分=31分)1、誰比 Jim 年紀(jì)大？是你。 is than Jim ? are.2、誰比 David 更強(qiáng)壯？是 Gao Shan. than David?

13、 Gao Shan .3、誰的鉛筆更長(zhǎng)，他的還是她的？我想是她的。pencil is,or ? is,I think.4、誰的蘋果更重，你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。apples ,your or your? My .5、 你和你的叔叔樣高嗎？ 是的。as as your uncle?Yes,I am.6、他和他的朋友Jim 一樣年輕。 He as as Jim.7、她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎？不，她比他瘦。as as twin? No,than him.<<<<<< 精品資料 8 .Yang Ling 每天睡得比SuYang 晚。 Yang Lin

14、g to than Su Yang every day.9 .我跳得和Mike 一樣遠(yuǎn)。I as as Mike.10 .Tom 比你跑得快嗎？不是的,他和我跑得一樣快。Tom than you?No,he . Heasas.11 .多做運(yùn)動(dòng)，你會(huì)更強(qiáng)壯。more exercise,you ll soon.12 .我的科學(xué)很好，但是語文不好。I at Science.But I don t well in Chinese.13 . 你放風(fēng)箏比王兵放得高嗎？不，我比他放得低。youthe kitethan Wang bing?No,Iit than_.14 .我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢

15、。I like.All my than me.15 .我的姐姐起得比我早。My up than me.16 .女孩比男孩唱得好嗎？是的。the girls the boys? Yes,they .17 .她不擅長(zhǎng)體育。但我跳得沒有她高。She doesn t in PE. But Idon t than.18 .你足球踢得比你的同班同學(xué)好嗎？不，他們踢得和我一樣好。_ you football than your classmates?No,theyasas me.四、將下列各組單詞重新排序.使構(gòu)成有意義地詞組。（ 5*1 分 =5 分）1. fat, the, cat, white2. Ol

16、ympics, green, a, great3. expensive, that, jacket, brown4. an, book., interesting, thick5. round, three, plates, yellow<<<<<< 精品資料 五、選詞填空（18*1 分 =18 分）1. My sister is getting . A. fater and fater B. fatter and fatter C. more fatter and fatter D. more andmore fatter2. They are to us

17、 than before.A. friend B. friendly C. more friendly D. friendier3. Jack is the boy our class.A. tallest. in B. taller. in C. most tall. of D. more tall. of4. It is not warm yesterday. Put on more clothes.A. so . on B. so. inC. as .at D. as. as5. Hangzhou is one of cities I have visited.A. beautiful

18、B. beauitifulier C. more beautiful D. the most beautiful6. Both Andy and I drive slowly. Tom drives fast. So Tom drives of all.A. slowerB. the slowest C. fasterD. the fastest7. My sister is a girl.A good B wellC very8一Is it your toy taxi? 一 No. it s hisA May be B May C Maybe9. are you?I m , thank yo uAWhat；good