巖石力學(xué)專業(yè)詞匯

1、土木工程專業(yè)課程雙語教學(xué)巖石力學(xué)英語專業(yè)詞匯必備(主要選自CHARLES JAEGER 著, ROCK MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING 之 SUBJECT INDEX)戴 俊西安科技大學(xué)建筑與土木工程學(xué)院二 零 零 三 年 八 月For bi-linguistic teaching of a course in civil engineering specialtyESSENCIAL ENGLISH GLOSSARY FOR ROCK MECHANICS(MAINLY FROM THE SUBJECT INDEX OF ROCK MECHANICS AND ENGINEER

2、ING BY CHARLES JAEGER)J. DAIArchitechure and Civil Engineering College of Xian University of Science and TechnologyAugust, 3002Aabscissa橫坐標(biāo)agar巖石，石頭，瓊脂age of rocks巖石（地質(zhì)）年代，巖石時效void index，index of void空隙系數(shù)aging of rock masses巖體的時效air，Permeability of rock to巖石的透氣性altazimuth高度方位角，地平經(jīng)緯儀alluvium沖積土，沖積層，泥

3、沙alteration of rock巖石遍化，巖層變化American Society of Engineering Geologists美國工程地質(zhì)協(xié)會American Task Committee美國特別工作委員會amphibolite閃巖amortization阻尼anchorage of cables索錨固，鋼索錨固anchored cables錨索compression tests with cables利用錨索進(jìn)行的壓縮試驗forces in cables錨索中的力rock reinforcement巖石加固，shear tests with cables錨索剪切試驗anchor

4、ed dams錨固壩，錨桿支護(hù)壩體anchors，steel（rock bolts）鋼錨桿andesite安山石anisotropy各向異性，有向性，非均質(zhì)性analysis of 各向異性分析 of rock masses巖體的各向異性 of rock material巖石材料的的各向異性anticline背斜arch of rock，selfsustaining自穩(wěn)巖石（平衡）拱arch dams拱壩abutments of 拱壩的基礎(chǔ)，壩基，拱壩支撐結(jié)構(gòu)drainage for 拱壩排水foundations of 拱壩基礎(chǔ)reserve of strength of 拱壩的強(qiáng)度儲備ro

5、tation of base of 拱壩基礎(chǔ)的旋轉(zhuǎn)arch gravity dams重力拱壩，拱形重力壩arching，degree of成拱度，成拱性argilolith(一種巖石)Austrian method奧地利施工法 for estimating rock jointing奧地利巖石節(jié)理評估法 for in situ tunnel tests奧地利隧道現(xiàn)場試驗法 for tunnel lining奧地利隧道支護(hù)法Austrian Society for Geophysics and Engineering Geology奧地利地球物理與工程地質(zhì)協(xié)會Austrian Society o

6、f Rock Mechanies奧地利巖石力學(xué)協(xié)會autostabilization of rock slides巖石滑坡自穩(wěn)化avalanches，comparison of rock slides to巖石滑坡與雪崩的對比azimuth方位角，方位Bbasalt玄武巖bedding joints層理orientation of 層理方向bending test，for tensile strength彎曲拉伸試驗bentonite優(yōu)質(zhì)粘土bibliography文獻(xiàn)，評述，參考書目biotite黑云母biotite gneiss黑云母片麻巖biotite schists黑云母片巖biref

7、ringence method of measuring residual rock stress原巖應(yīng)力雙折射測試法blasting，stresses caused by爆破引起的應(yīng)力，爆破應(yīng)力blowout of rock masses under dam壩基下的鼓出巖石Bolts (同rock bolts)錨桿bore holes鉆孔 in grouting of dam foundations壩基澆筑混凝土中的鉆孔measuring deformations of 鉆孔變形測量 Boussinesq鮑賽恩斯Boussinesq-Cerrutti equation鮑賽恩斯-斯蘭提方程Bo

8、ussinesq half-space鮑賽恩斯半空間Brazilian tensile test巴西拉伸試驗brittle fracture of rock巖石脆性破壞，巖石脆性斷裂 at surface地表巖石脆性破壞 under dams壩基巖石脆性破壞 at Vajont威捷巖石脆性破壞buckling strength彎曲強(qiáng)度buttress撐墻，支柱buttress dams支撐壩buttresses，failure of支撐體破壞Ccables，anchored錨索consolidation by means of 錨索加固 for in-situ tests of deforma

9、tion用于現(xiàn)場變形試驗的錨索calcite方解石Cambrian rocks寒武紀(jì)巖石Carboniferous rocks石炭紀(jì)巖石catchment集水，匯水caving and subsidence垮落與沉陷，塌陷與下沉cavities，strains and stresses about峒室周圍的應(yīng)變與應(yīng)力 Hayashis solution哈亞斯的峒室周圍的應(yīng)變與應(yīng)力解cave巖洞cavern巖洞，大洞cement，grouting with水泥注漿，水泥灌漿cemented rock膠結(jié)性巖石chalk白堊characteristics特性，特點，特征 of rock masse

10、s巖石的特征 of rock material巖石礦物的特性chemical effects of water on rock水對巖石的化學(xué)影響，水對巖石的化學(xué)作用chert角石，黑硅石chlorite綠泥巖，亞氯酸巖circular loaded plate，strains under應(yīng)變條件下的圓形加載盤circumfrential stresses，round cavities峒室周圍的環(huán)向（或切向）應(yīng)力classification of rocks巖石分類 by crusning strength of rocks 依據(jù)破碎強(qiáng)度的巖石分類 by radial permeability

11、tests依據(jù)徑向滲透試驗的巖石分類cleft劈裂conventional classification傳統(tǒng)分類法engineering classification of intact rocks完整巖石的工程分類geological classification of rocks巖石的地質(zhì)分類classification of rocks by age依據(jù)地質(zhì)年代的巖石分類classification of rocks accordng to：hardness，density，silicon content， rock material，rock quality designation (

12、Q.R.D)依據(jù)硬度，密度，硅含量，巖石礦物，巖石質(zhì)量指標(biāo)的巖石分類rock slides巖石滑動，巖石滑移sandstones砂巖Strain-stress curves應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線elastic rock masses，theory of stresses in彈性巖體中的應(yīng)力理論clastic碎屑的clay-shales粘土質(zhì)頁巖clayey schists粘土質(zhì)片巖，含粘土片巖clays粘土，泥土shear strength of 粘土的剪切強(qiáng)度slopes of 粘土邊坡cleft water pressure裂隙水壓力 on slopes邊坡裂隙水壓力 on tunnels隧道裂

13、隙水壓力 under dams壩底裂隙水壓力coagutant凝結(jié)劑coal煤cobble大卵石cohesion of rock巖石的粘性loss of 巖石粘性損失low values of 巖石粘性低值collapse of tunnel roof or wall 隧道冒頂或片幫compacted rock壓實巖石，壓密巖石compactness of rock mass巖體的壓實度compression（crushing）strength壓縮（破碎）強(qiáng)度conglomerate碎屑巖，礫石correlations of with elasticity壓縮強(qiáng)度與彈性的關(guān)系 with rat

14、e of loading壓縮強(qiáng)度與加載率的關(guān)系 with rebound壓縮強(qiáng)度與回彈的關(guān)系compression（crushing）strength of dry and wet rock干燥和含水巖石的抗壓（破碎）強(qiáng)度compression strength tests抗壓強(qiáng)度試驗dispersion of result of 壓應(yīng)力試驗結(jié)果的離差compression stress壓應(yīng)力distribution of 壓應(yīng)力分布 in rock masses巖體中的壓應(yīng)力 on rock samples巖石試件中的壓應(yīng)力分布scale effect in compression stre

15、ngth tests壓應(yīng)力試驗的尺寸效應(yīng)compression chamber壓力室in-situ compression stress tests現(xiàn)場壓應(yīng)力試驗Computer, use of計算機(jī)的應(yīng)用concrete混凝土boundary between rock and 巖石與混凝土的邊界comparisons of rock and 巖石與混凝土的比較compression tests on 混凝土壓縮（力）試驗creep of 混凝土蠕變elasticity of 混凝土彈性shear tests on 混凝土剪切試驗stabilization of potential rock

16、slides by 利用混凝土穩(wěn)定潛在的巖石滑坡tunnels lined with 混凝土支護(hù)的隧道 uplift pressure in 混凝土中的凍脹壓力，混凝土中的向上水壓力concreting：early concreting technique混凝土澆筑：早期的混凝土澆筑技術(shù)，早期的混凝土應(yīng)用技術(shù)conglomerates骨料，集料consolidation of rock masses by cades, by grouting錨索巖體加固，巖體注漿加固consolidation of rock masses under load載荷作用下的巖體加固continuum rock

17、mechancs連續(xù)巖石力學(xué)contour diagrams等高線圖，輪廓線圖convergence in tunnels隧道中的收斂correlations of rock characteristics巖石特性的相關(guān)性counterfort護(hù)墻，擋墻crushing strength，tensile strength，shear strength versus void index破碎強(qiáng)度，抗拉強(qiáng)度，抗剪強(qiáng)度與空隙度（性）dispersion of crushing strength versus radal percolation tests抗壓強(qiáng)度與徑向滲透試驗的離散性dispersi

18、on of Ed (dynamic) versus Es (static), Ed/ Es versus wave lenth , E (plate load tests) versus transversal velocity動態(tài)Ed與靜態(tài)Es，Ed/ Es與波長，E（板加載試驗）與橫波波速的離散性Coulomb（Coulomb-Mohr）law of shear庫侖（庫侖-莫爾）剪應(yīng)力定律或準(zhǔn)則counterforts拱柱cracks in Griffith theory of rock rupture格里菲斯巖石斷裂理論中的裂紋creep 蠕變 of concrete混凝土蠕變 cont

19、inuous in the slide, of rock masses, of rock material滑坡中的連續(xù)蠕變，巖體蠕變，巖石礦物蠕變velocity of 蠕變速度cretaceous rocks白堊紀(jì)巖石cross joints交叉節(jié)理，穿透節(jié)理 in sedimentary rocks沉積巖中的交叉節(jié)理crushing of rock masses巖石破碎 round tunnels隧道周圍的巖體破碎crushing strength破碎強(qiáng)度crystalline rock晶狀巖石crystallography結(jié)晶學(xué)Ddam abutment blocks大壩側(cè)向支撐體，大壩

20、端部支撐體dam abutments大壩側(cè)向支撐，大壩端部支撐displacements of 大壩側(cè)向支撐的位移elasticity of 大壩側(cè)向支撐的彈性failure of 大壩側(cè)向支撐的破壞models of大壩側(cè)向支撐模型reinforcement of 大壩側(cè)向支撐的加固stability of 大壩側(cè)向支撐的穩(wěn)定性stresses in 大壩側(cè)向支撐中的應(yīng)力dam foundations壩基礎(chǔ)anchorage of dams壩體錨固blow out of rock masses under a dam壩下方得巖體爆裂classical approach經(jīng)典方法consolid

21、ation of 壩基加固design and construction of 壩基的設(shè)計與施工displacements of 壩基位移drainage of 壩基排水grouting for 壩基注漿failures of 壩基的破壞geomechanical model tests of 壩基的地質(zhì)力學(xué)（巖土力學(xué)）模型試驗grouting of 壩基注漿percolating water in 壩基滲水 reinforcement of 壩基加固rocks suitable for 壩基巖石穩(wěn)定性rotation of 壩基旋轉(zhuǎn)stability of 壩基穩(wěn)定性stratified f

22、oundations層狀基礎(chǔ)stresses in 壩基中的應(yīng)力zone of tensile stresses拉應(yīng)力區(qū)dams壩，大壩，水壩 choice of sites for 大壩位置選擇 grout curtain under 壩下注漿帷幕 model tests of 大壩模型試驗profile of 大壩剖面，大壩輪廓，大壩側(cè)面settlement of large 大壩沉降deflectometers撓度計，撓度儀deformability of rock巖石變形能力，巖石變形性deformation變形irreversible 不可逆變形，塑性變形 measurement o

23、f 變形測量modulus of 變形模量reversible 可逆變形，彈性變形 in settlement of large dams壩基沉降中的變形density of rock巖石密度deviation（standard）偏差，（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）偏差diabase輝綠巖diorite閃長巖dip of strata地層傾向，巖層傾斜detritus巖屑，碎屑discontinuities in rock巖石中的斷層，巖石中的間斷面displacement curves，in shear tests剪切試驗中的位移曲線displacement vectors位移矢量displacements位移

24、in dam abutments壩支撐位移 in dam foundations壩基位移 under loading plates加載板作用下的位移 under point loads點載荷下的位移Dogger limestone朵格爾石灰?guī)rdolomite白云巖，白云石doorstopper method of measuring strain in rock巖石中應(yīng)變測量的門塞法drainage排水，排水裝置 of tunnels隧道排水dynamic tests動態(tài)試驗dynamics of slides滑坡動力學(xué)Eearth dams土壩，泥土壩earthquake地震effectiv

25、e cohesion有效內(nèi)聚力，有效粘結(jié)力，有效凝聚力effective moduus and Poisson ratio有效模量與泊松比effective stress有效應(yīng)力 in rock masses巖體中的有效應(yīng)力 in rock material巖石中的有效應(yīng)力effective shear stress有效剪應(yīng)力effluent滲漏，流出elastic deformation of rock巖石的彈性變形elasticity modulus E of concrete混凝土的彈性模量E compared with that of rock與巖石相比下的混凝土的彈性模量elasti

26、city modulus E（static）of rock巖石的（靜態(tài)）彈性模量E at depth深部巖石的彈性模量correlation of differerent determinations of 不同方法確定的彈性模量關(guān)系elasticity彈性，彈力 determinations of in dams designing foundation壩基設(shè)計中的彈性確定determinations of by seismic wave彈性的地震波法確定determinations of in investigation of dam sites壩體現(xiàn)場研究中的彈性確定determinat

27、ions of by ultrasonic wave彈性的超聲波法確定 in strain-stress calcutalions應(yīng)變-應(yīng)力計算中的彈性確定elasticity modulus Ed（dynamid）of rock巖石的（動態(tài)）彈性模量Edratio of static modulus to 巖石的靜態(tài)模量與動態(tài)模量比elasticity modulus Et（ratio of values at 50 and 100 ultimate strength）彈性模量Et（50%極限強(qiáng)度與100%極限強(qiáng)度時的模量值比）elasticity modulus Etotal (ratio

28、 of stress to deformation：bulk modulus)彈性模量Etotal（應(yīng)力與變形比：體積寞量）electrical resistivity method of testing rock masses巖體試驗的電阻法epoxy resin環(huán)氧樹脂 coating or rock sample with 環(huán)氧樹脂涂層或涂有環(huán)氧樹脂的巖石試件strength of 環(huán)氧樹脂的強(qiáng)度equipotential等位，等電位excavations峒室，開挖rock movements caused by 開挖引起的巖石位移（移動）extensometers伸長計，變形測定儀 f

29、or boreholes鉆孔伸長計，鉆孔變形測定儀sonor 帶聲響的變形測定儀extrados拱背線，外拱線Ffailure of rock巖石破壞，巖石斷裂brittle failure, shear failure, tensile failure, visco-plastic failure脆性破壞，剪切破壞，拉伸破壞，粘-塑形破壞 progressive failure of rock mass巖體的漸進(jìn)破壞failure of dam foundations壩基破壞failure of rock slopes巖石邊坡破壞failure of tunnels and caverns隧

30、道與峒室破壞failure criterion破壞準(zhǔn)則，斷裂準(zhǔn)則failures破壞fall of rock巖石冒落，冒頂faults in rock巖石中的斷層 boling of 巖石斷層錨固 and engineering works巖石斷層與工程施工filling material in 巖石斷層中的沖填材料slides along 沿巖石斷層的滑動felspar長石filling material填充物，填充材料 effect of percolating water in 填充物中滲水的影響tests on 填充物試驗finite element method（f. e. m.）o

31、f numerical stress analysis巖石應(yīng)力分析的有限元方法fissuration porosity破壞的多孔性fissure in rock巖石中的裂紋，巖石中的裂縫 along dam heel沿壩跟（踵）巖石裂縫classification of 巖石裂縫分類 and compression strength巖石裂縫與抗壓強(qiáng)度deformation of 巖石裂縫變形 and effective elasticity巖石裂縫與有效彈性estimates of extent of 巖石破裂的程度估計grouting of 巖石裂縫注漿 over pressure tume

32、ls壓力隧洞上方的巖石裂縫rock slide along 沿巖石裂縫的巖石滑動 and stability巖石裂縫與穩(wěn)定性 and stress distribution巖石裂縫與應(yīng)力分布tensile strength and average length of 抗拉強(qiáng)度與巖石裂縫平均長度water flow in 巖石裂縫中的水流 Water pressure in 巖石裂縫中的水壓力flood, dam failure caused by涌水引起的大壩破壞flow of rock masses巖體流，泥石流continuous flow, discontinuous flow連續(xù)流與間

33、斷流flow of water in rock masses巖石中的水流 convergent or divergent flow匯集流與發(fā)散流foliation, plane of生葉面，葉理面，分層面foundation基礎(chǔ)fractures of rock巖石斷裂，巖石裂縫 correlation between RQD and frequency of 巖石質(zhì)量指標(biāo)與巖石破裂頻率的關(guān)系flow of water in 巖石裂縫中的水流 plane of 巖石破裂面friction摩擦angle of 摩擦角 angle of for different rocks不同巖石的摩擦角tes

34、ts for angle of 摩擦角試驗 coefficient of 摩擦系數(shù) coefficient of for filling material填充材料的摩擦系數(shù)internal , internal angle內(nèi)摩擦，內(nèi)摩擦角friction factor摩擦系數(shù) among faults斷層間的摩擦系數(shù) for rock on rock巖石對巖石的摩擦系數(shù) and shear strength摩擦系數(shù)與抗剪強(qiáng)度friction force摩擦力Ggabbro輝長巖galleries水平隧道，水平坑道，巷道 discharge 卸壓隧道pressurized 壓力隧道，受壓隧道ga

35、p裂口，間隙，縫隙gas, underground storage of地下儲油庫gauge量規(guī)，量表，傳感器 strain 應(yīng)變傳感器 rosette of 玫瑰花瓣的應(yīng)變片叢geodetic測地的，大地測量學(xué)的，測地學(xué)的geological mapping地質(zhì)圖geo1ogy地質(zhì)學(xué)，地質(zhì)概況 of dam sites壩址的地質(zhì)概況 and rock grouting地質(zhì)概況與巖石注漿 and rock mechanics地質(zhì)學(xué)與巖石力學(xué) of undersround power station地下電站地質(zhì)學(xué)，地下發(fā)電廠房的地質(zhì)概況geomorphological地形的geophone小型地

36、震儀，地音探測儀geophysical tahniques地球物理學(xué)方法Georgia Institute of Technology喬治亞工業(yè)學(xué)院，喬治亞理工學(xué)院geothermal gradient地?zé)崽荻?，地溫梯度glacier冰河，冰川gneiss片麻巖 for dam foundations用于壩基的片麻巖 effect of water on 水對片麻巖的影響 kaolinized 高嶺土化的片麻巖 permeability of 片麻巖的滲透性，片麻巖的滲水性gouge溝，鑿孔，斷層泥granite花崗巖 compression strength of 花崗巖的抗壓強(qiáng)度 cree

37、p curve of 花崗巖的蠕變曲線 rebound number of 花崗巖的回彈數(shù) strain-stress curve for 花崗巖的應(yīng)變-應(yīng)力曲線 weathered 風(fēng)化花崗巖gravity dams重力壩GriffithHoek theory of rupture of rocks巖石的格里非斯-虎克斷裂理論grout curtains under dams壩下的注漿帷幕 water seepage through 透過壩下注漿帷幕的滲水性grouting注漿，灌漿 with cement水泥注漿 consolidation of rock by 巖石注漿加固 pressu

38、re注漿壓力 of rock round tunnels隧道周圍的巖石注漿 with silicates硅酸鹽注漿，注入硅酸鹽漿液 techniques of 注漿技術(shù) of tunnels隧道注漿gunite壓力噴漿，噴射水泥砂漿，砂漿gypsum石膏Hhalf-space homogeneous elastic半空間均質(zhì)彈性的 elastic half-space彈性半空間fissured and continuous 裂隙及連續(xù)彈性半空間loaded halfspace受災(zāi)半空間hardness of rocks巖石的硬度heat flow, equation for熱流動方程，熱傳遞方

39、程Heims hypothesis赫米假設(shè)Heims paradox赫米自相矛盾論，赫米似是而非論hexagonal六邊形的，六角形的homogeneous zones均質(zhì)區(qū)horizontal stress水平應(yīng)力 in dam foundation壩基礎(chǔ)中的水平應(yīng)力 zone from hydrostatic pressure靜水壓引起的水平應(yīng)力區(qū)hydraulic gradient水力梯度hydraulic potential lines水力勢線hydrodynamic force on rock mass作用于巖體上的動水壓力hydrogeology水文地質(zhì)學(xué)hydro power t

40、unnels水力隧洞hydrostatic pressure靜水壓力 on dam foundation作用于壩基礎(chǔ)上的靜水壓力 distribution of 靜水壓力分布 and residual stress in rock巖石中的靜水壓力與原巖應(yīng)力 on rock mass作用于巖體上的靜水壓力 in rock salt巖質(zhì)鹽礦中的應(yīng)力stresses round pressure tunnels caused by 靜水壓力的壓力隧洞周邊應(yīng)力Iice冰 discontinuous flow of 不連續(xù)冰流 in rock fissures巖石裂隙中的冰ideal stress理想應(yīng)

41、力igneous rocks火成巖immersed and partly immersed rock masses侵入及部分侵入巖體immersion浸水，浸入impregnated滲入的，飽和的impregnation注入，浸滲in situ tests and measurements現(xiàn)場試驗與測量in situ bore hole tests現(xiàn)場鉆孔試驗in situ compression tests現(xiàn)場壓力試驗in situ permeability tests現(xiàn)場滲透試驗，現(xiàn)場滲水試驗in situ plate bearing tests現(xiàn)場承載板試驗induration固結(jié)Int

42、itution of Civil Engineering，London倫敦土木工程研究所，倫敦土木工程學(xué)院International Committee on Large Dams（ICOLD）國際大壩委員會International Society of rock mechanics國際巖石力學(xué)協(xié)會，國際巖石力學(xué)學(xué)會interstitial water間隙水intrinsic curve固有曲線，本質(zhì)曲線 definition of 固有曲線的定義intrinsic zone固有區(qū)intrados拱內(nèi)圈，拱底面ion離子isotropic rock mass各向同性巖石Istituto Sp

43、erimentale Modelli e Structure（ISMES）Jjack千斤頂 cylindrical 液壓千斤頂field tests with 用千斤頂完成的現(xiàn)場試驗 in toe of dam位于壩趾的千斤頂jacking test沖擊試驗，千斤頂加載試驗joint 節(jié)理 meter節(jié)理測量儀in rock巖石中的節(jié)理classification of 節(jié)理分類 and cohesion節(jié)理與粘結(jié)力 and critical angle of slopes節(jié)理與邊坡臨界角and differences between laboratory and in-situ tests

44、of deformation, of elasticity節(jié)理與變形、彈性的實驗室與現(xiàn)場試驗結(jié)果之間的偏差orientation of 節(jié)理方向shearing at 節(jié)理面剪切spacing of 節(jié)理間距strength of 節(jié)理強(qiáng)度 and strength of rock節(jié)理與巖石強(qiáng)度Jurassic rock侏羅紀(jì)巖石Kkaolinization高嶺土化作用，高嶺石化作用KelvinVoight model for rock deformations開爾文-維埃特巖石變形模型kinetic energy of rock masses巖體的動能LLaboratoric Naciona

45、l de Engenharia Civil，Lisbon里斯本Laboratory tests 試驗室試驗 on rock material or filling material巖塊或充填材料的實驗室試驗 on crushing strength試驗室破碎強(qiáng)度試驗 on shear strength試驗室剪切強(qiáng)度試驗 on water percolation試驗是滲水試驗 on wave velocity波速試驗室試驗landslide山崩，崩塌的泥石Laplace equation拉普拉斯方程Lasalle Research Laboratory，Montreal蒙特利爾拉斯?fàn)栄芯繉嶒炇襩

46、ava熔巖，火山巖leakage漏，滲漏lias青石灰?guī)rlimestone石灰?guī)r compression strength of 石灰?guī)r的抗壓強(qiáng)度 for dam foundations用于壩基建造的石灰?guī)relasticity of 石灰?guī)r的彈性permeability of 石灰?guī)r的滲透性strain-stress curves of 石灰?guī)r的應(yīng)變-應(yīng)力曲線swelling of 石灰?guī)r膨脹，石灰?guī)r剪脹line-load tests線載荷試驗 for antisotropy各向異性線載荷試驗 for tensile strength抗拉強(qiáng)度線載荷試驗lining 支護(hù)，襯砌stresses

47、in 支護(hù)體中應(yīng)力 of tunnel隧道支護(hù)lip邊，緣lithology巖石學(xué)，巖性學(xué)load cells壓力盒，載荷傳感器loadstrain diagram載荷-應(yīng)變圖loading加載，載荷 consolidation under 施載加固 rate of in test試驗中的加載率 on a slope邊坡上的載荷loss of water滲水，漏水 under dam壩體滲水 from tunnels隧道滲水Lugeon羅吉恩 grouting techniques羅吉恩注漿技術(shù) unit羅吉恩系統(tǒng)Mmacrofractures宏觀裂紋 and permeability宏觀裂紋

48、與滲透性malm石灰質(zhì)砂，泥灰砂Malm limestone馬爾蒙石灰?guī)rmanifestation現(xiàn)象，體現(xiàn)，表現(xiàn)形式manometer（流體）壓力表marble大理石marl-clay sandstone灰泥質(zhì)砂巖marls泥灰，泥灰土permeability of 泥灰土的滲透性power station in 修建于泥灰土中的發(fā)電站mechanical properties of rock material巖石礦物材料的力學(xué)性質(zhì)Mercali scale麥?zhǔn)霞塵etamorphic rock變質(zhì)巖mica schist云母片巖micaceous quartzite云母石英巖microfi

49、ssures微裂隙 induced by compression受壓引起的微裂隙 and permeability微裂隙與滲透性microfractures微觀破壞，、微觀斷裂mining engineering采礦工程mineralogy礦物學(xué)model testing模型試驗 of dam abutments壩體支撐的模型試驗 of dam壩體模型試驗 of percolation of water滲水性模型試驗 of reservoir basin水庫體模型試驗 of rock mass巖體模型試驗 of sliding surface滑動面模型試驗 of underground pow

50、er station地下電站模型試驗modulus系數(shù)，模數(shù)，模量dynamic modulus動態(tài)模量effective modulus有效模量 in situ testing of rock mass巖石模量現(xiàn)場試驗 laboratory tests模量試驗室試驗static 靜態(tài)模量 in stratified rock mass層狀巖體的模量moduus of deformation or bulk modulus邊形模量或體積模量modulus of elasticity（Young modulus）彈性模量（楊氏模量）modulus of rigidity剛度模量Mohr circ

51、le莫爾圓examples of use of 莫爾圓應(yīng)用實例mole-for tunnel excavation without blasting全斷面隧道掘進(jìn)機(jī)-用于隧道的非爆破掘進(jìn)moment， displacements caused by力矩引起的位移momentum equation力矩方程moraine冰磧，冰磧層mortar，grouting with注入砂漿，砂漿注漿mudstone泥巖mylonite糜棱巖NNational Coal Board，Britain英國國家煤炭局（部）needle test, for anisotropy各向異性針擊試驗Newtons law for