專題07必修4Unit1-Unit2高頻詞匯分類解讀

1、2016英語藝體生百題突破專題系列之英語根據(jù)藝體生基礎知識不牢固的特點，將基礎知識以2-3個單元為一講，突出?？紗卧~的背誦和用法區(qū)別。由于單選題退出大部分省份的英語試卷，所以這部分重點強調學練結合。集中識記?？嫉耐晷翁羁赵~匯；?？嫉拈喿x中出現(xiàn)的詞匯；?？嫉臅姹磉_中的句型。完形詞匯重在詞語的詳細意思和詞匯辨析；閱讀詞匯重在記住詞義即可，但數(shù)量要大；書面表達句型重在在句子中背誦，力爭背過的句子在話題中有高頻的出現(xiàn)幾率。這樣可以大面積、迅速地提高成績。聚焦少而精的知識，直接對接高考。練習重在做到有的放矢，基礎練習以單詞拼寫、單詞填空或短文填空為主。能力提升一定要由淺入深，讓他們有成就感，迅速進入狀

2、態(tài)。句型復習采用翻譯句子+背誦范文的方法。必修 4 Unitl Unit2詞匯基礎知識狂背：I??？嫉耐晷翁羁赵~匯及短語：（注意它們在完形中岀現(xiàn)的兒率極高，完形30分志在必得，現(xiàn)在開始狂背。）（1）詞匯1. behave vt.&vi.舉止；舉動；行為表現(xiàn)behaviour n?行為；表現(xiàn)behave on eself 守規(guī)矩behave well/badly （towards sb.）（對）態(tài)度/ 舉止好 / 惡劣well-behaved adj表現(xiàn)好的badlybehaved adj 表 現(xiàn)差的be on on e's best behaviour 舉止規(guī)矩2. obser

3、ve vt.&vi.觀察；遵守；慶祝；評述，評論observatio n n.觀察；觀察力，（觀察后發(fā)生的）議論，意見observe sb. do/doing sth.觀察某人做/ （在做）某事observe the speed limit 遵守車速限制observe Christmas （National Day）慶祝圣誕節(jié)（國慶節(jié)）be un der observati on 受嚴密監(jiān)視escape on e's observati on 避開某人的注意3. respect vt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意respectful adj.恭敬的；尊敬的；尊重人的；有禮貌的

4、respectable adj可敬的；有名望的；高尚的；值得尊敬的have/show respect for sb./sth.尊敬 / 敬重.in this respect 在這方面in all/many respects在各個/許多方面in respect of 關于.； 就. 而言with respect to 至于; 關于; 就 而言respect sb./sth. for sth.因某事而尊敬某人/某事4. argue vi爭論；辯論 vt.爭論；說服 argument n.爭論；辯論argue with/against sb. on/about/over sth. 與某人爭論某事 a

5、rgue against/for 為反對 / 為贊成 而辯論 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 說服某人做 / 不做某事 argue on.就 辯論argue that.辯論說 5. support n. &vt. 支持；擁護 in support of 支持; 贊成；擁護 support oneself 自立更生 support one's family 養(yǎng)家support one's suggestion贊同某人的建議 support one's opinion 支持某人的想法6. refer vi.談到；查閱；參考refer

6、enee n.言及；提及；參考；查閱 refer to查閱；參考；談到；指的是 refer to.as.把 稱 作/ 看作in/with reference to = in conn ection with 關于 without reference to 與 無關，不管7. intend vt. 打算；計劃 intention n. 打算; 計劃intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事intend sb. to do sth.打算讓某人做某事 intend that.從句屮謂語 形式： （should） + do intend.as. = be intended as.打. 算

7、把 當做intend.for. = be intended for 為 打算或設計had intended that/to ended to have done原本打算做 .&deliver v.投遞，發(fā)表，宣布，接生，生（小孩）（僅限于被動語態(tài)）deliver sth. （to sb.）投 遞/ 傳送某物（給某人） deliver a speech發(fā)表演說 be delivered of a ehild=give birth to a child 生孩 子 deliver sb./sth. over to sb.把.移交給某人deliver from 使擺脫9 - str

8、uggle vt.搏斗；斗爭；努力；掙扎 n.斗爭；掙扎struggle with/against 與 搏斗/ 斗爭struggle for sth./to do sth. 努力 / 爭取 struggle through 奮力通過struggle to one's feet 掙扎著站起來struggle on/along （雖艱難仍）繼續(xù)做某事with a struggle 費勁地10 - expand vt.&vi.使變大；伸展；闡述expa nsio n n擴張；膨脹；擴大；發(fā)展expansive adj擴張性的；開展性的；廣闊的expand into/to 使擴大 ，變

9、大expand on/upon 闡述，詳談12. therefore adv.（ = as a result of that）因 此；所以He was very tired and thereforehe fell sou nd asleep.=He was very tired. Therefore he fell sound asleep.=He was very tired, so he fell sou nd asleep 他累得很,因此睡得很熟。提示：therefore是副詞，不能引導從句，兩個句子Z間要用連詞或者分號；而so是連詞，可接從句。13 ? equip vt.&v

10、i.配備；裝備equipment n. U 裝備；設備equip sb./sth. with sth.用某物裝備某人/物 equip sb./sth. for (doi ng) sth.為(做)某事而準備 sb. be equipped to do sth.某 人有準備做某事 equip sb. to do sth.使某人能夠做某事 be equipped with sth.裝備有某物 a piece of equipment 件設備14 - regret v. &n.遺憾；后悔；惋惜refuse with much regret (ma ny regrets)婉言拒絕 to one&

11、#39;s regret 令人遺憾的是 feel regretful for 對. 感到后悔express regret for/at/over sth. 對 表示遺憾regret+n./pron./doing/having done 后悔做某事 regret+that clause 后悔，遺憾regret to say/tell/inform. 很抱歉地說 / 告訴/通知 It's much to be regretted that. 令人遺憾的是 15 - focus n .(興趣、活動等的 )中心；焦點v ?(使)集中，聚集； (使) 聚焦be in focus焦距對準；清晰be

12、 out of focus 焦距沒對準；模糊bring sth. into focus 把某物集中在焦點上 focus sth. on (upon) sth.=fix.on使. 集中于 be focused on/upon sth. = be fixed on 集中于 16 - reduce vt.減少；縮減；簡化 reduce one's expenditure 減少某人的開支 be reduced to despair 陷入絕望reduce to.降至 reduce by.減少了 17 ? comment vt.評論n.評論，意見，議論 ask for comment 征求意見ma

13、ke comme nts on sth.評論某事 No comme nt.無可奉告。Without comment. 不必多說。comme nt (v.) o n/up on sth.評論，對 發(fā)表意見 comment (v.) that clause評論.( 2 )短語1. look down upon/on 蔑視；輕視；瞧不起 look about 四下壞顧，四處尋找 look after 照顧；照料；目送；尋求 look for 尋找；期待 look forward to 盼望look on 觀看；面向：旁觀look over 從 上面看過去；察看look round 掉頭看；環(huán)顧，觀光

14、look through 透過 看去; 看穿; 審査look up 向上看；查閱2. come across尤指偶然）遇到；發(fā)現(xiàn)；想到；越過；產生效果提示: 表示"偶然遇見 "意思的常見短語還有 : meet with, happen to meet, chance to meet, meet.by chance/accident, run across, run into°3. carry on 繼續(xù)；保持；經(jīng)營；進行（生意、談話等）carry onwith+sth.doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事（相當于 go on with）carry off 贏得，獲得（獎

15、品、榮譽等）carry out 實行，執(zhí)行，進行，履行（諾言、義務等）4-thanks to 由于；多虧（介詞短語，在句中做原因狀語，常置于句首或句末）because of 因為；由于owing to 由于，因 之緣故as a result of作為 的結果，由于due to 因為，由于（不能放在句首）on account of由于;因為5 ? rid sb./oneself/sth. of sth.使 擺脫 be/get rid of 去掉，擺脫 ; 拋棄remi nd sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事 be free of.擺脫 6 -

16、be satisfied with 對 感到滿意be sa廿 sfiedthat.滿意.be satisfied to do 樂意干 satisfy vt.滿意；使?jié)M意satisfied adj.感到滿意的satisfy ing adj.令人滿意的satisfactory adj.令人滿意的 satisfaction n.滿意，滿足7 - lead to 通向, 導致, 致使lead + n.+to sth引導 至U .lead sb. to do sth.使 某人做某事提示：（l）leadto【| i的to為介詞，后面跟代詞、名詞或動名詞。類似的詞組還有：devote to致力于/pay a

17、ttention to 對 加以注意 /object to 反對/stick to 堅持/look forward to 期 望，等等。（2）lead to 不用被動語態(tài)。lead to是前因后果，而lie in （ = result from）是前果后因。8 - keep.free from/of 使 免受（影響、傷害等 ）使不含（有害物）free from沒有免于無.Z憂free of 無 的；免于 的?離開了 的free sb./sth. from.使某人 / 某物自由 ; 解放；釋放for free=free of charge 免費地 ? 無償?shù)豣e free to do sth 自

18、由地做某事be free with sb?對某人放肆free as the air自由自在set sb. free 釋放某人(3) 易混易錯點撥1. expa nd/extend/spread/stretch(1) expand “展開，擴大”，不僅指尺寸的增加，還可指范圍和體積的擴大。 extend “伸出，延伸”，指空間范圍的擴大，以及長度、寬度的朝外延仲，也可指時間的 延 長。spread “伸開，傳播"，一般指向四面八方擴大傳播的范圍，如傳播 (疾病)，散布(信息)等。(4) stretch “伸展，拉長” ，一般指由曲變直、由短變長的伸展 ，不是加長。(l) The cat

19、out in front of the fire. 貓在火爐前伸開四肢。(2) The hot weatherto October炎熱的天氣一直持續(xù)到十月份。(3) As childre n grow older they their interests and become more confide nt.隨著年齡的增長，孩子們的興趣會變廣泛，人也會變得更自信。The fire soono the nearby buildings.火勢不久就蔓延到鄰近的建筑。2. worth/worthy/worthwhile(1) worth只做表語，表示"值錢，值得干”，后跟名詞或動名詞，不跟

20、不定式。worth常用 well 修飾,不用 very。The book is well worth reading這書值得一讀。(2) worthy 意為“值得的”，除在書面語體屮用做定語外，一般用做表語。 be worthy 后常接 “ of+ 名詞 / 動名詞 ( 被動式 ) ”、不定式。The place is worthy to be visited/of being visited.這地方值得一游。(3) worthwhile 的常用句式為 It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth., it 是形式主語 , to do/doing 做 真正主語，即

21、：做某事是值得的。It is worthwhile visiting/to visit the place.參觀那地方還是很值得的。用 worth, worthy 和 worthwhile 填空(1) Her achievements are of the highest praise.她的成就值得高度的贊揚。(2) Hangzhou is a beaut訐 ul place; it isgoing/to go there.杭州是個美麗的地方，值得一去。(3) The problem is to be considered.這個問題值得考慮。(4) The new bike is 350 Yu

22、an.這輛新自行車值 350 元。(5) He is a te a c h e r of great respect.他是位受尊敬的老師。(6) lt is to ask him to join the club.值得邀請他加入俱樂部。(7) The picture is t a k i n g good care of.這幅畫值得好好保存。（8）The scheme is well a try.這個計劃很值得一試。II?常考的閱讀理解詞匯及短語：（它們在閱讀中出現(xiàn)的幾率極高，閱讀 40分志在必得，現(xiàn)在 開 始狂背喲。 ）Unit 1 achievement n. 成就；功績 welfare

23、n. 福利；福利事業(yè) project n. 項目；工程；規(guī)劃 institute n. 學會；學院；協(xié)會 specialist n. 專家 ; 專業(yè)工作者 connection n. 連接；關系 human being 人類 campaign n. 運動； 戰(zhàn) 役vi. 作戰(zhàn)；參加運動 organization n. 組織；機構；團體 behave vt. & vi. 舉動 ;（ 舉止或行為 ） 表現(xiàn)behaviour （二behavior）行為； 舉止；習性shade n. 蔭；陰涼處 vt. 遮住光線move off 離開；起程；出發(fā) worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做

24、的 nest n. 巢；窩bond n. 聯(lián)系；關系；結合；紐帶 observe vt. 觀察；觀測；遵守observation n. 觀察；觀測childhood n. 童年；幼年時代 outspoken adj. 直言的 ; 坦誠 respect vt. &門. 尊敬; 尊重；敬意 argue vt. &W討?論；辯論；爭論 argument n.爭論；爭辯；爭吵 entertainment/?.款待； 娛樂； 娛 樂表演 lead a . life 過著 的生活 crowd n. 人群；觀眾vt. 擠滿；使擁擠 crowd in （ 想法、問題等 ） 涌上心頭；涌入腦海i

25、nspire vt. 鼓舞；激發(fā)；啟示Ainspiration n. 靈感；鼓舞 support n. & 必 支持；擁護 look down upon/on 蔑視；瞧不起 refer vi. 談到；查閱；參考refer to 查閱；參考；談到 audience n. 觀眾；聽眾；讀者 by chance 碰巧；湊巧come across （偶然）遇見；碰見A career n. 事業(yè)；生涯 rate n. 比率；速度 sicknessn. 疾病；惡心 intend vt. 計劃；打算 emergency n. 突發(fā)事件；緊急情況 generation 門 . 代；輩Adetermin

26、ation n. 決心；果斷 kindnessn. 仁慈；好意 considerate adj. 考慮周到的 consideration n. 考慮；體諒 modest adj. 謙虛的；謙讓的；適度的 Unit 2statistic n.（常用p/ statisitcs）數(shù)據(jù)；統(tǒng)計；統(tǒng)計數(shù)字；統(tǒng)計資料sun burnt adj.曬黑的struggle vt. & vi. 斗爭；拼搏；努力decade n. 十年；十年期super adj. 特級的；超級的 output n. 產量；輸岀 crop n. 莊稼；農作物；產量 hun ger/?.饑餓；欲望vt. & vi. （使

27、）饑餓disturbing adj. 引起煩惱的 ; 令人不安的 circulate vt. & vi. 循環(huán)；流傳Vietnam n. 越南（東南亞國家） battle n. 戰(zhàn)役；戰(zhàn)斗；較量；斗爭必& ”/. 搏斗- ；奮斗freedom n. 自市；自主therefore adj. 因為；所以；因而 equip vt. & vi. 配備；裝備 grain n. 谷物；糧食；顆粒 export 必& 輸出；出口 nationality n. 國籍occupation n. .T作；職業(yè)；占領 confuse vt.使迷惑；使為難chemical adj.化學

28、的；關于化學的 production n. 生產; 制造 bacteria n. （bacterium 的復數(shù)形式 ）細菌 pest n. 害蟲；害獸；害鳥 build up 逐漸增強；建立；開發(fā) nutrition n. 營養(yǎng) ; 滋養(yǎng)；食物 mineral n. 礦物；礦石 discovery n. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺 soil n. 土壤 reduce vt. 減少；減縮 keep . free from/of使 免受（影響；害等）；使不含（有害物）root n. 根；根源 skim vt. 瀏覽；略讀 underline vt. 畫底線標出 ； 強調 summary 門. 總結；摘要；概要 c

29、omment n. 非 F 論；議論vi. & vt. 表達意見 ； 作出評論111?重點句型背誦1. what 在從句中可用做主語、賓語或者表語。此從句在結構上相當于“the 名+ 詞+定語從 句”? After a hard time they came to what is called America today艱難的努力后他們來到了現(xiàn)在稱作美洲的地方。 We now live in what is called the In formation Age我們現(xiàn)在生活在所謂的信息時代。 He graduated from what was called a key high sc

30、hool他畢業(yè)于一-所所謂的重點高中。2. would rather(1) would rather 意為“寧愿，更愿意”，后接動詞原形，否定式是在 would rather 后加 not/never 一 Shall we dine out?-I'd rather stay at home.一我們要不要出去吃飯？ 一我寧愿留在家里。 I'd rather not tell anybody about it. 我不愿把這事告訴任何人。(2) would rather do sth. than do sth./would do sth. rather than do sth. 意為

31、"寧愿做某事而不去 做某 I would rather listen to others than talk myself.我愿意聽別人說，自己不愿意說° He would rather die than give in? 他寧死不屈。(3) would rather have done sth.意為“要是做過某事就好了；寧愿做過某事”？表示后悔或遺 憾I would rather have taken his advice yesterday我昨日要是聽了 他的建議就好了。(4) would rather 后接 that 從句時，從句中的謂語動詞用過去時態(tài)虛擬語氣。 I

32、would rather (that) he did n't come.我寧愿他沒來。 / d rather you told me the truth. 我更愿意你給我講實話。3.only 的用法(1) only 在句首修飾做狀語的副詞或介詞短語時，句子要倒裝。(2) only 在句首修飾狀語從句時，主句要用倒裝語序，從句不用倒裝語序。(3) only 在句首修飾句子的主語時，不用倒裝語序。? Only the n did I realize the importa nee of comm uni cati on.只有至 U那時我才意識至 U交流的重要性。 Only in this

33、way can we improve our English只有以這種方法，我們才能提高英語水平。 Only after you have reached eighteen can you join the army只有當你年滿十八周歲后，你才能參軍。? Only he can answer the question只有他能回答這個問題。強調句型： It is/was +被強調成分 +that/who +其他部分4. 強調句型提示：(1)只能強調句屮的主語、賓語和狀語，不能用該句式強調句子謂語。(2)如果強調兩個以上的并列主語，該句式仍用is/was，不用are/wereo強調部分為表示“人”

34、的名詞吋，可用who;其他情況則用thato(4) 強調 not.until 句型時，要將主句中的not起強調。即 It is/was notuntil.that.(5) ls/Was it+被強調成分+that.? ?為其一般疑問句形式。(6) 特殊疑問詞 + is/was+it +被強調成分 + that.?為其特殊疑問句形式。 (刀強調句的特殊疑問句如果用于賓語從句中，該強調句式要用陳述語序。 It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary.是我要跟瑪麗一塊兒去度假。 Whe n is it that we will have a me

35、et in g?我 們什么吋候開會？ It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I realized he was a famous film star.直到他摘下墨鏡我才認出他是位著名的影星 It was in this town that he was brought up. 他是在這個鎮(zhèn)上被養(yǎng)大的。（強調句） It was this town where/in which he was brought up. 這是他被撫養(yǎng)反人的城鎮(zhèn)。（定語從句）能力提升一一測一測I. 單詞拼寫1 ? Devoted to the cause o

36、f education all her life, she was r by all the people inher coun try.2 ? His first song was by the memory of his mother.3 ? The old man came in, with two young men his body.4 ? Swimming across the lake for the first time is a great a .5 ? There's ac between smoking and heart diseas?e6 ? Jane dev

37、oted herself to social （福利） work.7 ? They work in an art （學院） .8 - He is a （專家） in history.9 ? Do you know about the （組織）？10 ? They started a （運動） to stop people smoking?11 ? They asked so many questions that I got _c .12 ? Metals e when they are heated.13 ? The people there are fighting to gain the

38、ir f from foreign control.14 ? We are not doing a c experiment but a physical one.15 ? India e tea and cotton to many different countries.16 ? Now, people in the south grow a lot of rice that has a high （產量）?17 ? This kind of food con tains all the（營養(yǎng)） our body n eeds ?18 ? People in the area were g

39、round down by （ 饑餓） and poverty.19 ? They have sold up ten bottles of （ 礦泉） water in the after noon.20 ? We should make a （總結） of the results of the exam briefly.II?語法填空（重點訓練題型）1? It is （meet） the customers' needs that has made chain stores so popular in big citiesin China.2. Let's learn to

40、use the problem we are facing a stepping-stone to future success.3. It's the first time that I （take） a train to Paris.4. Chinese folk music gave life to Mr. Liu and made him lead new life in his later years?5. Gun control is a subject which Americans have argued for a long time?6. When 丨 try to

41、 understand what that prevents so many Americans from being ashappy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two cause?s7. delighted me most was that my son was admitted to Beijing University?8. American artist Jeremy Telford made a room with balloons. He got the （inspire） fromBag End inLo

42、rd the Rings, which is a hole in the ground where a Hobbit lives in the film.9. Everybody knows smoking is harmful to health, but still so many people smoke. So our countryis planning to start a campaign smoking.10? They did not find it worthwhile (prepare) for the worst conditions they might meet.1

43、1. Sweet memories crowded as I looked at the pictures which were taken at the beachlast summer.12. On AIDS Day, the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems (refer) to be paid special attention to.13? If you come faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assists nt to reduc

44、ethe prices?14. After the supper, the experts went back to the meeting room to carry theirdiscussi on.15. They think the long tradition of looking down workers is still affecting careerchoices ?16.1 met one of my fomer teachers chance on the train.17. Suddenly, it hit me he was trying to ask me to m

45、arry him.18. Mary couldrft wait (arrive) home as soon as possib?le19. Km having some flowers(deliver) for her birthday.20. I (intend) come to the party last night, but I suddenly remembered I had homeworkto do.21. Fear is something you are born with? You can't rid yourself it completely but youc

46、an overcome certain fears under certain conditions?22. I'd rather Mary (give) us some advice on how to learn English well tomorrow?23. We take regular exercise to build our body?24? We put our books in the bookcase to keep them free dust.25. At your company there are a few machines similar to de

47、scribed in this magazine.26. In the past year, he (share) a flat with others and trying to save money to open hisown business?27. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third (be) usedregularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.28? is our belief that improvements in health care

48、will lead to a str on ger, moreprosperous economy.29. The in format! on you give in the applicati on is too gen eral. You should focussomething special about yourself.30. The committee asked for these suggestions to be put on paper, so that they mightstudy them further.31. To avoid (affect), the student insists that he should be separated from his deskmate,who is naughty?32? The discovery of new evidenee led to the thief (catch).33. The accident (cause) some damage to mycar, but it was nothing serious.34. The chairman thought necessary t