中考英語句型轉(zhuǎn)換解題方法

1、中考英語句型轉(zhuǎn)換解題方法第一頁，共18頁。一、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換一、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換（一）替代法（一）替代法 用同義詞、同義短語或反義詞、反義短語等來替代原句用同義詞、同義短語或反義詞、反義短語等來替代原句中的有關(guān)部分，使改寫后的句子與原句意思相符。中的有關(guān)部分，使改寫后的句子與原句意思相符。1、用同義詞（短語）替代、用同義詞（短語）替代1）My father and mother are judges. My are judges.2）We have friends all over the world. We have friends the world.3）We had a good time at

2、the party. We at the party.parentsthroughoutenjoyedourselves第二頁，共18頁。2、用反義詞（短語）替代、用反義詞（短語）替代1）Dont forget to lock the door. to lock the door.2）My radio doesnt work well. Something my radio.3）Things weigh heavier on the earth than on the moon. Things are on the moon than on the earth.3、用短語替代從句、用短語替代從

3、句 如果原句含有狀語從句、賓語從句等，改寫后的句子中可用如果原句含有狀語從句、賓語從句等，改寫后的句子中可用介詞短語或不定式短語等來替代。介詞短語或不定式短語等來替代。1）When he was twelve, Edison began working. the twelve, Edison began working.2）We cant finish the work if you dont help us. We cant finish the work your help.RememberiswithwronglighterAtageofwithout第三頁，共18頁。（二）合并法（二）

4、合并法1、用并列連詞將兩個單詞合并為一個新的復(fù)合句或單句，句、用并列連詞將兩個單詞合并為一個新的復(fù)合句或單句，句子仍保持原意。常用的并列連詞有子仍保持原意。常用的并列連詞有bothand, neithernor, not onlybut also, eitheror等。等。1）France is in Europe. Sweden is also in Europe. France Sweden are in Europe.2）He cant sing. He cant dance, either. He can sing dance.andBothneithernor第四頁，共18頁。2、用

5、從屬連詞將兩個單句合并為一個復(fù)句。常用的、用從屬連詞將兩個單句合并為一個復(fù)句。常用的從屬連詞有從屬連詞有sothat, so that, notuntil, as soon as, if等。等。1）The maths problem was very difficult. No one could work it out. The maths problem was difficult no one could work it out.2）The teacher came in. And then the students stopped talking. The students did s

6、top talking the teacher came in.thatsonotuntil第五頁，共18頁。3、直接引語變間接引語也用合并法。、直接引語變間接引語也用合并法。 如果直接引語是陳述句或疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時則要用連詞（如果直接引語是陳述句或疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時則要用連詞（if / whether是否）；是否）；如果直接引語為祈使句則變?yōu)殚g接引語為如果直接引語為祈使句則變?yōu)殚g接引語為tell/ ask/ order sb. (not) to do sth.形式。形式。1） “Have you ever been to China?” John asked Joan. John

7、asked Joan she been to China.2） “Dont make faces in class!” the teacher said to the student. The teacher told the student make faces in class.if / whetherhadnotto第六頁，共18頁。（三）轉(zhuǎn)換法（三）轉(zhuǎn)換法 通過能夠表示同一意義的不同句型、句式的轉(zhuǎn)換通過能夠表示同一意義的不同句型、句式的轉(zhuǎn)換來達到改寫句子的目的。來達到改寫句子的目的。1、句型轉(zhuǎn)換、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 初中常見的幾種轉(zhuǎn)換句型有：初中常見的幾種轉(zhuǎn)換句型有： sb. spend som

8、e time/money doing sth.與與It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.的轉(zhuǎn)換；的轉(zhuǎn)換； tooto與與sothatcant do sth.的轉(zhuǎn)換；的轉(zhuǎn)換； tooto與與notenough to do sth.的轉(zhuǎn)換。的轉(zhuǎn)換。1) I spent half an hour working out the maths problem. It me half an hour work out the maths problem.2) She was too frightened to say a word. She was frighten

9、ed she could not say a word.3) He is too young to join the army. He is not to join the army.tooktosothatoldenough第七頁，共18頁。2、語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換、語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換1) Tom invited Mary to have dinner with him. Mary by Tom to have dinner with him.2) She couldnt keep back her tears when Tom took her model planes away. She couldnt

10、help crying when her planes away by Tom.（四）綜述法（四）綜述法 通過在邏輯思維的基礎(chǔ)上，對原句（一般是兩個句通過在邏輯思維的基礎(chǔ)上，對原句（一般是兩個句子）的意思重新進行概括地表述。子）的意思重新進行概括地表述。1) Toms mother is fifty. Jacks mother is fifty, too. Jacks mother is old Toms.2) Xiao Ming was born in 1991. I was born in 1992. Xiao Ming is one year I.wasinvitedwere taken

11、asasolderthan第八頁，共18頁。二、肯定句改否定句二、肯定句改否定句 除了要正確使用謂語動詞的否定形式外，還要將句中的除了要正確使用謂語動詞的否定形式外，還要將句中的some變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閍ny，將，將something變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閍nything。1、Mrs. King does the cleaning after work.(否定否定) Mrs. King the cleaning after work.2、There is some milk in the glass.(否定否定) There milk in the glass. There milk in the glass. (

12、 notany = no )3、The old man realized that too much salt was harmful to health. The old man that too much salt was harmful to health.doesntdoisntanyisnodidntrealize第九頁，共18頁。三、陳述句改一般疑問句三、陳述句改一般疑問句 要根據(jù)陳述句中的要根據(jù)陳述句中的謂語動詞謂語動詞及其及其時態(tài)形式時態(tài)形式確定其疑問式，同確定其疑問式，同時還要注意將原句中的時還要注意將原句中的some改為改為any，將，將something改改為為anyth

13、ing。1、My father watches TV every night. your father TV every night?2、Allan went to the library yesterday. Allan to the library yesterday?3、This dress will cost her 90 yuan. this dress her 90 yuan?4、He is my good friend. he good friend?5、There is something wrong with my watch. there wrong with watch?

14、DoeswatchDidgoWillcostIsyourIsanythingyour第十頁，共18頁。四、陳述句改反意疑問句四、陳述句改反意疑問句除了遵循除了遵循“陳述部分若為肯定式，疑問部分則用否定式；陳述陳述部分若為肯定式，疑問部分則用否定式；陳述部分若為否定式，疑問部分則用肯定式部分若為否定式，疑問部分則用肯定式”的原則外，還要注的原則外，還要注意：意：當陳述部分含有當陳述部分含有l(wèi)ittle, few, no, nothing, never等否定等否定意義時，疑問部分要用肯定式。意義時，疑問部分要用肯定式。1、The car hit the big tree yesterday, ?2

15、、Melissa got a birthday present, ?3、Lets have a discussion about it, ?4、She has never been to New York, ?wehassheshalldidntshedidntit第十一頁，共18頁。五、將陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句五、將陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句先要確定用先要確定用what還是還是how開頭。如果強調(diào)部分的中心詞是名開頭。如果強調(diào)部分的中心詞是名詞，就用詞，就用what；若是形容詞或者副詞，則要用；若是形容詞或者副詞，則要用how。然后。然后將所強調(diào)的部分移至將所強調(diào)的部分移至what或或how之后，要注意去掉

16、修飾形之后，要注意去掉修飾形容詞或副詞的副詞。容詞或副詞的副詞。1、The TV play is really wonderful. the TV play is!2、It is exciting news. news it is!3、She is a lovely girl. girl she is!HowwonderfulWhat excitingWhat a lovely 第十二頁，共18頁。六、對劃線部分提問六、對劃線部分提問 “一定一定”、“二移（或加）二移（或加）”、“三變化三變化”、“四刪四刪除除”第一步第一步“定定”。就是根據(jù)劃線部分的內(nèi)容確定適當?shù)囊蓡栐~。就是根據(jù)劃線部分的內(nèi)

17、容確定適當?shù)囊蓡栐~。問時間用問時間用when或或what time；問地點用；問地點用where；問人物用問人物用who(主格主格), whom(賓格賓格), whose(所有格所有格)；問做什么用問做什么用whatdo/does/did；問價錢用；問價錢用how much；問多少用問多少用how many(可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞)或或how much(不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞)；問頻率用問頻率用how often；問多長用；問多長用how long；問多遠用問多遠用how far；問多久用；問多久用how soon；問年齡用問年齡用how old；問原因用；問原因用why；問選擇哪一個用；問選擇哪一個

18、用which。第十三頁，共18頁。第二步第二步“移（或加）移（或加）”。就是將句子的結(jié)構(gòu)改為一般疑問句形式。就是將句子的結(jié)構(gòu)改為一般疑問句形式。如果謂語部分含有系動詞如果謂語部分含有系動詞be，助動詞，助動詞do、will、have或或情態(tài)動詞時，則將這一類動詞移至句首（主謂顛倒）；情態(tài)動詞時，則將這一類動詞移至句首（主謂顛倒）；如果謂語動詞是行為動詞（實意動詞），則需要在主語前如果謂語動詞是行為動詞（實意動詞），則需要在主語前添加助動詞添加助動詞do、does或或did。第三步第三步“變化變化”，即對句子中某些詞作相應(yīng)的變化。即對句子中某些詞作相應(yīng)的變化。除了將謂語動詞變?yōu)樵蝿釉~外，還要注

19、意將原句中首單除了將謂語動詞變?yōu)樵蝿釉~外，還要注意將原句中首單詞的首字母改為小寫，將句中的詞的首字母改為小寫，將句中的some變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閍ny，將句號，將句號改為問號等。改為問號等。第四步第四步“刪除刪除”，就是去掉被疑問詞替換的劃線部分的詞。，就是去掉被疑問詞替換的劃線部分的詞。第十四頁，共18頁。1、I collect toys because they are beautiful. you collect toys?2、The English teacher always encourages his students to learn English well. the English

20、 teacher always encourage his students to do?3、The boy in blue is my brother. is your brother?4、Henry has stayed there for three years. has Henry stayed there?5、He is playing basketball with Mike now. is he now? He is playing basketball with Mike now. is he basketball with now?Why doWhat doesWhichbo

21、yHow longWhat doing Whomplaying第十五頁，共18頁。七、簡單句變復(fù)合句；復(fù)合句變簡單句或并列句。七、簡單句變復(fù)合句；復(fù)合句變簡單句或并列句。既要注意句子的結(jié)構(gòu)變化，又要注意不能改變句子的既要注意句子的結(jié)構(gòu)變化，又要注意不能改變句子的意思。要重視一些常用連詞和動詞的非謂語形式的用意思。要重視一些常用連詞和動詞的非謂語形式的用法。法。1、Mike is 14 years old. David is 12 years old. Mike is 2 years David.2、Are there museums in the city? Could you tell me? Could you tell me there museums in the city?olderthanifare第十六頁，共18頁。3、I borrowed a book from the library. It was newly published. The book I borrowed from the library newly published.4、The poor child was so lu