智能建筑中英文對照

1、外文文獻(xiàn):TheIntelligentBuildingOneofthebenefitsoftherapidevolutionofinformationtechnologyhasbeenthedevelopmentofsystemsthatcanmeasure,evaluate,andrespondtochangeoAnenhancedabilitytocontrolchangehassparkeddevelopmentsinthewaywedesignourphysicalenvironment,inparticular,thebuildingsinwhichwework。Asaresult,

2、wearcwitnessingsignificantgrowthintheareaofnIntclligcntBuildings11buildingsthatincorporateinformationtechnologyandcommunicationsystems,makingthemmorecomfortable,secure,productive,andcost-cffcctivcWhatisanIntelligentBuilding?AnIntelligentBuildingisoneequippedwiththetelecommunicationsinfrastructuretha

3、tenablesittocontinuouslyrespondandadapttochangingconditions,allowing&)ramoreefficientuseofresourcesandincreasingthecomfortandsecurity()fitsoccupantsoAnIntelligentBuildingprovidesthesebenefitsthroughautomatedcontrolsystemssuchas:heating,ventilation,andair-conditioning(HVAC)；firesafety;security;an

4、dcncrgT/lightingmanagement。Forexample,intheeaseofafire,thefirealarmcommunicateswiththesecuritysystemtounlockthedoors。ThesecuritysystemcommunicateswiththeHVACsystemtoregulatetheflowofairtopreventthefirefromspreading。WhatbenefitsdoIntelligentBuildingsoffertheirownersandoccupants?Theintroductioninthewo

5、rkplaceofcomputersprintersphotocopiers,andfaxmachineshasincreasedindoorpollutionoElectricalandtelecommunicationsfacilitiesinofficebuildingsarcunderpressuretosatisfythedemandscreatedbytherapidgrowthofcomputerandncorkingtechnologiesoThesefactorshaveadefiniteimpactonproductivity.Newtechnologycallbeused

6、tocreateIntelligentBuildingsthataddresstheseproblemsbyprovidingahealthier,moreproductive,andlesscncrg-intensiveworkenvironment。Asthesearccriticalfactorsforbusinesssuccess,ownersofIntelligentBuildingshaveaclearadvantageinattractingandretaining21st-centurytenantsoHowdoIntelligentBuildingsleadtocostsav

7、ings?TheIntelligentBuildingconceptrecognizesthatthetruecostofabuildingisnotsimplyitscostofconstruction;itmustcontainthecostsofoperateandmaintenanceoverthestructure'slifespan。Byoptimizatingautomatedcontrol,communication,andmanagementsystems,IntelligentBuildingscosthasreducedinalloftheseareasoThey

8、alsoguardagainsttheincreasingofrepairingcosts,productivityloss,revenueloss,andthelossofcustomersoCananIntelligentBuildinginfrastructurebeinstalledinexistingbuildings?YesoThekeycompetencyofvraiisformatingconventionalbuildingsintointelligentonesisinstallingsinglestructuredcablingnetwork。Standardbuildi

9、ngsfeaturedinusingdifferentkindsofdesignsandadministrationmethodsfromsystemtosystemoTheadditionalfacilityofconstructionstruevuredturnsaconventionalbuildingintoanintelligentonewhichcallprovidewithincreasedefficiencyandguardingitagainstsystembreakdowns©WhydoIntelligentBuildingsincreasinglybecomea

10、partofbusinessimperative?Becausetheycontributetothebusinessrequirementsasfollows:Tocommunicatedataquicklyandreliably T。exercisegreatercontrolovertheworkenvironment Toimproveproductivityandcost-cffcctivcncssInresponsetotheseneeds,itoffersitsBusinessSolutionofintelligentwiring。Intelligentbuildingsdesi

11、gnandconstructionmanagementsystemsThefieldofIntelligentBuildings,IntelligentHomes,BuildingManagementSystems(BMS)encompassanenormousvarietyoftechnologies,acrosscommercial,industrial,institutionalanddomesticbuildingswhichincludingcncrgrmanagementsystemsandbuildingcontrols©ThefunctionofBuildingMan

12、agementSystemsiscentraltointelligentBuildings1concepts；itspurposeistomonitorthefunctionofbuildingsuchaslighting,heaving,security,CCTVandalarmsystems；accesscontrol；audio-visualandentertainmentsystemsventilationfiltrationandclimatecontroletceventime&attendancecontrolandreporting(notablystaffmoveme

13、ntandavailability%Thepotentialwithintheseconceptsandthesurroundingtechnology-isvastandourlivearcchangingfromtheeffectsofIntelligentBuildingsdevelopmentsonourlivingandworkingenvironmentsoTheoriginsofIntelligentBuildingsandBuildingManagementSystemshaverootsintheindustrialsectorinthe1970s,fromthesystem

14、sandcontrolsusedtoautomateproductionprocessesandtooptimiseplantperformancesoTheconceptsandapplicationswerethenadapted,developedandmodularisedduringthe1980's。Intelligentbuildings-controlsystemTheessenceofBuildingManagementSystemsliesintheIntelligentBuildingsandcontroltechnologies,whichallowsinteg

15、ration,automation,optimisingservicesandequipmentprovideservicesandmanagingenvironmentoTheessenceofIntelligentManagementSystemsliesinProgrammableLogicControllers(PLC)whichformedtheoriginalbasisofthecontroltechnologiesLaterthedevelopmentsofcommercialandresidentialapplicationswerebasedon"distnbute

16、d-iiitelligencemicroprocessors.TakingadvantageofthesetechnologiesallowstousevariousInternetconstructionandservices,whichoftensignificantlyreducescostandsavesenergy0Heating-time-basedcontrol- Temperaturecontrol:whenexternaltemperaturereachesasetlevel(0),runheatingsystempumpstoprotectthesystemfromfree

17、zingorfrost.- Compensatedsystems:Itwillheattemperaturetocontroltheelectricitywhenthetemperaturedropsandthiswillgiveariseinthecircuitflowtemperature.- Thermostaticradiatorvalves:thethermodetectorofwhichinstallinginthesameroomcanchangetheradiatorradiatesaccordinglytotherelevantflow.- Proportionalcontr

18、ol:includingauto-switchingequipmentandauto-outputadjusting.Lightingcontrolmethods- Zones:Inordertoavoidonlyasmallpartsoflightscanbeusedinalargearea,lightsareswitchedoncorrespondingtotheuseandlayoutofthelitareas.- Timecontrol:toswitchonandoffautomaticallyineachzoneattimestoapresetscheduleforlightuse。

19、- PassiveInfra-Red(PIR)Occupancysensing:Inareaswhichareoccupiedintermittently,occupancysensorscanbeusedtoindicatewhetherornotanybodyispresentandcontroltheswitchoflightsaccordinglyoBuildingmanagementsystemsandintelligentbuildings-energysavingsUntilrecentyears,energyefficiencyhasbeenusedatarelativelyl

20、owpriorityandbuildingownersandinvestorspaylittleattentiontoit。However,withthedramaticincreaseofenergyuseanddecreaseofenergycapacity,theconceptofenergycost-efficiencyhasalreadysoonbecametheimportantstrategyofestatemanagement,facilitiesmanagementandalsohasbeinginvolvingintotheconstruction.Forlighting,

21、energysavingscanbeupto75%oftheoriginalcircuitload,whichrepresents5%ofthetotalenergyconsumptionoftheresidentialandcommercialsectorsoExperiencesfromstudiesinAustriasuggestpotentialheatingandcoolingenergysavingsareupto30%inpublicbuildingSoEvenallowingforthefactthatbuildingsusedinthestudymayhavebeenthos

22、ewithparticularlyhighenergyusage,thefigureisanimpressiveoneBuildingmanagementsystemsandintelligentbuildings-environmentalandgreenhousegasbenefitsGreenhousegasemissionreductionsdependonandcorrelatetoreductionsinenergyuse。IntelligentBuildingsandBuildingManagementSystemstechnologiescontributedirectlyto

23、thereductioninenergyuse,incommercial,industrial,institutionalanddomesticresidentialsectorsoInshort,IntelligentBuildingsandsuitablyappliedBuildingManagementSystemsaregoodfortheenvironmentoLegislationandenvironmentalstandards；healthandsafetyregulations；andglobaltrendstowardsimprovingindoorairqualityst

24、andardsareallsignificantdriversof-andprovideacontinuousendorsementoftheneedfor-BuildingManagementSystemsandtheIntelligentBuildingstechnologiesoGovernmentInitiativesaroundtheworldarealsodrivingthedevelopmentandadoptionofBuildingManagementSystemstechnologiesoForexampletheUKCarbonTrustallowsEnhancedCap

25、italAllowance(ECA)tobeoffsetagainsttaxationonenergyefficientsystems,whichenablessavingsofaround30%forallenergy-relatedBuildingManagementSystemsandIntelligentBuildingsequipment,andtheassociatedinstallationanddesigncostsoBuildingmanagementsystemsandintelligentbuildings-markettrendsInBritain,throughthe

26、establishmentandcontrolofthemainhigh-techfullyintothenewdecorationindustry,inrecentyears,theBritishbuildingsmarkettosetupthenewmanagementsystem,makesignificantchangesinnovation.- Heatingsystem70%。- Hotwatercontrolsystem90%o- Airconditioningcontrolsystem80%。ButaccordingtotheEuropeancommissionstatisti

27、cs,asmanyas90%ofexistingbuildingshavenotadaptorinvalidcontrolsystem,manyneedathoroughoverhaul.The“intelligence"constructionhasbecomearealestatedevelopersandownershotspot,24hourvisibleentranceguard,long-distancemeterreadingbilling,allkindsofcommunityserviceprojectsandconvenientvideoondemand,onth

28、ewebforvillageresidentsofferedmanylifeconvenient.ButtheHintelligenceMconstructionisacomplextechnologyapplicationproject,asacommunityHintelligentHoftheimplementationoftherelevantdepartments,needtopayattention,bewareofnewconstructionerroneouszone.一、Bewareofhastetobuild,lackofcarefulplanning.oHIntellig

29、entHgeneralbybroadbandnetworkandseveralrelatedthesub-projecttorealist,long-distancemeterreadingbilling,securitymonitoring,allkindsofalarmsystems,Internetbrowsing,etcaretobeincludedintheoperationoftheresidentialbroadbandnetworkcategory.Insoftware,needstohavethespecialapplicationschemeforthedevelopmen

30、tofcommunitynetworkinformationmanagementsystem.Theauthorthinksthatalthoughallsortsofrelevantproductshavebeenlisted,individualproductshavealreadybecomemoreandmoremature,butquitepartofproductsinthetechnicalspecificationsofthelackofuniformstandard,integratedbroadbandandintelligenceofconditionsremaintob

31、emature.Manyresidentsofthevillagepersuadedbymanufacturersinstallvisibleinterphonetoday,assemblewithlong-distancemeterreadingtomorrow,thisphenomenondonotonlycausewithvariouscircuitrywithinthecross,repeatconstruction,andindependentrunningeachmanufacturerequipmenttorealize“intelligent”originalintention

32、inthebuildingareaof.Certainly,thisisnottosaythatthecurrentimplementationcan'tintelligent,butthebroadbandnetworklying,LANandtheequipmentcanbebroughtintooperationshouldbeofbroadbandinundertheguidanceofexperts.二、Bewareof"broadband"businesstrap.As"broadband”graduallypopular,agroupofsp

33、ecializedbusiness"broadband”businesscompanyarisesatthehistoricmoment.Theyfrequentlytopropertydistrictpromisedtoputintotensofthousandsoffunds;theplotoffersoneortwohousesandotherintelligentconstructionundertakenbyrbroadband"businesscompany.Theauthorthinksthat"broadband"commercialse

34、rviceasamarketbehavior,bothpartiesshallincontractintroducedindetailintheprofitstoinvestors,PropertyCompanyalsoshouldclearlyunderstandbothsidesinthefuturecooperationintheirrespectiverightsandobligations.Intheprocessofrealestate,acommunityinthefuturetheownersoftheconsumptionofwhethertheyshouldhavetheH

35、righttoknow"and“options”,howthelegitimacyofthecontractisworthdiscussing.3、Bewareofpayheavilycloseattentiontohardware,software,lightlyweight,thetendencyofinvestmentuse.Intheimplementationofintelligentmanagementsolutionsintheprocess,someunitsinvestalotofmoneytobuyequipment,professionalmaintenance

36、personnelallocation,andsoftwareistodisdaintoinvestment,theuseofthesoftwareisalsothesecretaryorotherpersonnelpart-timesettles.,however,intheimplementationoftheprocessofintelligentsoftwareisthefoundationandthecore,asetofcompleteinformationmanagementplan,nomatterhowperfecthardwarefacilities,lackofsoftw

37、aresupport(exactlysaysupport)thesystemisnotasuccessfuldesign.TheauthorthinksthatintheprocessofimplementationofHintelligenceH,priortolistentoalllevelsofmanagementdepartmentopinions,the”intelligence"torealizewhatmanagementfunction,thisisthecoreofmakeplan;Andthenlistentotheopinionsoftheprofessiona

38、lstaff,givefullplaytothefunctionofequipmentinhardware,onthebasisofpayattentiontointhemanagementmeans,existingequipment,theschemecanprovideformanagementwhichdata,whatarethespecificmanagementworktosupplementandimprove.Thegoalistoclear,avoidbyallmeansisto"leadershipwill"and"takeitforgran

39、tedHtodo.中文譯文:智能建筑信息技術(shù)的快速演變帶來得益處已經(jīng)進(jìn)展到能夠來測量、評估和應(yīng)付轉(zhuǎn)變。一種更強(qiáng)的操縱改變的能力，已經(jīng)阻礙了咱們設(shè)計(jì)物理環(huán)境的方式，尤其是對咱們建筑物設(shè)計(jì)。因此，咱們正目擊著智能建筑領(lǐng)域的日趨增加一建筑融合了信息技術(shù)和通信系統(tǒng)，使其加倍舒適、平安、高效和高本錢效益。什么是智能建筑智能建筑是配備通信設(shè)施，在適應(yīng)不斷轉(zhuǎn)變的影響條件下，許諾其更有效地利用資源和增加居民的舒適感和平安感。智能建筑通過自動化操縱系統(tǒng)提供這些益處,例如:加熱、通風(fēng)、空調(diào)（暖通）；消防平安；安保；能源/照明治理。比如說,在發(fā)生火災(zāi)時，消防平安報(bào)警系統(tǒng)操縱打開大門。安防系統(tǒng)操縱中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)調(diào)劑空氣

40、流量，以避免火勢蔓延。智能建筑對業(yè)主及住戶提供什么益處？辦公區(qū)域的運(yùn)算機(jī)、打印機(jī)、復(fù)印機(jī)、機(jī)增加了室內(nèi)污染。為知足運(yùn)算機(jī)及網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的快速革新，因此在辦公樓內(nèi)創(chuàng)建了電器和通信設(shè)施。這些因素對工作效率有顯著阻礙。新技術(shù)通過提供一個更健康、更有效，少能源密集型的工作環(huán)境來建造智能建筑，以便解決上述問題。因?yàn)檫@些有利商業(yè)成功的關(guān)鍵因素，智能建筑的業(yè)主有一個吸引和留住二十一世紀(jì)用戶的明確優(yōu)勢。如何使智能建筑節(jié)約本錢？智能建筑的概念真正熟悉到了本錢不僅是簡單的建筑本錢；它必需包括結(jié)構(gòu)壽命的操作和維修費(fèi)用。通過優(yōu)化自動操縱、通信和治理系統(tǒng)，智能建筑削減所有這些方面的本錢。他們也防范修理費(fèi)的增加、生產(chǎn)力損失、

41、收入損失、客戶流失。智能建筑設(shè)備能夠安裝在現(xiàn)有的建筑物上面嗎？固然能夠。改造傳統(tǒng)的智能建筑的核心能力是：安裝一個單一的網(wǎng)絡(luò)布線。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建筑從系統(tǒng)到系統(tǒng)可以用不同的設(shè)計(jì)和治理方式為特色。建筑構(gòu)造附帶的設(shè)施把一個常規(guī)建筑變成智能建筑，它提供較高的效率和防范，免遭系統(tǒng)故障。什么緣故智能建筑慢慢的成為企業(yè)規(guī)那么的一部份？因?yàn)樗麄儗ζ髽I(yè)有以下奉獻(xiàn)：1、迅速和靠得住地通信數(shù)據(jù)2、行使更大的監(jiān)管工作環(huán)境的能力3、提高生產(chǎn)率和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益針對這些需求，提供智能布線業(yè)務(wù)解決方案。智能建筑設(shè)計(jì)與建筑治理系統(tǒng)智能建筑領(lǐng)域,智能化住宅，建筑治理系統(tǒng)（房舍）包括了多種技術(shù)，經(jīng)由全國商業(yè)、工業(yè)及住宅樓宇的機(jī)構(gòu)，包括能源治理制度

42、，成立管制。建筑治理系統(tǒng)的功能是智能型建筑概念的核心；其目的是為了監(jiān)控建筑物的功能,例如:燈光、供暖、平安、閉路電視和警報(bào)系統(tǒng)；視聽娛樂系統(tǒng)、通風(fēng)、過濾和氣候操縱等準(zhǔn)確操縱；乃至于時刻操縱。這些潛在的觀念及多種邊緣技術(shù)，正在改變咱們的生活。智能建筑的起源與建設(shè)治理體制在20世紀(jì)70年代根植于工業(yè)部門從系統(tǒng)和操縱化用于自動化生產(chǎn)進(jìn)程和優(yōu)化工廠效益。上世紀(jì)80年代，那時的概念與應(yīng)用相結(jié)合和諧進(jìn)展。智能樓宇操縱論建筑治理系統(tǒng)的本質(zhì)是在智能建筑和操縱技術(shù)，它使一體化、自動化、所有優(yōu)化效勞和設(shè)備提供效勞和治理環(huán)境。智能化治理系統(tǒng)本質(zhì)是成立在可編程操縱器(PLC)原有基礎(chǔ)上形成的操縱技術(shù)。后來在商業(yè)和住宅

43、的應(yīng)用進(jìn)展是基于“散布式智能微處置器”。利用這些技術(shù)能夠充份運(yùn)用到各類網(wǎng)站建設(shè)和效勞，往往大幅降低本錢，大量節(jié)省能源。供暖時刻的操縱 溫度操縱：當(dāng)外部溫度達(dá)到設(shè)置溫度(0C)的時候運(yùn)行加熱泵避免系統(tǒng)冷凍或結(jié)冰。 補(bǔ)償制度：當(dāng)溫度下降時，它將通過加熱溫度操縱電路，使氣溫上升。 溫控閥：安裝在同一房間的溫度檢測器通過相應(yīng)的流量操縱器改變散熱器散熱。比例操縱:包括自動開關(guān)設(shè)備自動調(diào)劑輸出。照明操縱方式分區(qū)操縱：為了幸免顯現(xiàn)大面積燈具而只有一小部份需要利用的情形的發(fā)生，不同區(qū)域的燈具都有相應(yīng)的開關(guān)。時刻操縱：自動轉(zhuǎn)換，中斷地在每一個區(qū)域依照預(yù)定日程利用。紅別傳感器的利用：在所監(jiān)管的地域，使用感應(yīng)器能夠用來判定是不是有人在場操縱燈具的開關(guān)。建筑治理系統(tǒng)和智能建筑的能源節(jié)約最近幾年來,能源利用率一直比較低,業(yè)主和投資者的對此也不重視。但是,隨著能源利用急劇增加和能源儲蓄量急劇減少，能源效益觀念已迅速成為房地產(chǎn)治理、設(shè)備治理和業(yè)務(wù)的重要戰(zhàn)略，而且正在滲入建筑行業(yè)。在照明方面,住宅和商業(yè)部門按投資總量5%節(jié)省能源可達(dá)原電路負(fù)