高中英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詳解及練習(xí)

1、.高中英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詳解1. 表示懇求和允許: can, could , may, might. 過去式使語氣更委婉，答語應(yīng)用原形。 - Could I use your computer tomorrow morning?- Yes, you can. 否認(rèn)答復(fù)可用：No, Im afraid not.2表示推測(cè)：理論可能性can可能性肯定句must, may ,might, could疑問句can否認(rèn)句cant 不可能，may not 可能不1can表示理論上的可能性，指某事或情況可能發(fā)生，但并不說明實(shí)際上真的發(fā)生. Children can be very tiring.2對(duì)如今事情的推測(cè)

2、： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+do對(duì)過去事情的推測(cè)： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done對(duì)已完成事情的推測(cè)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done3反意問句：He may know the plan, doesnt he?You must have studied English before, havent you?You can t have been caught in the rain last night, were you?3can & be able to在肯定句中can表示有“才能做，be able to表示通過想方法/努力等而可以做成了某一件事， 相當(dāng)于managed to do或succeeded in

3、doing sth. Birds can fly.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.4. may / might as well do sth “還是好、“不妨You might as well tell me the truth. 你還是把真相告訴我的好。5. must和have to 1 must表示的是說話人的主觀看法, 而have to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。2否認(rèn)形式含義不同。mustnt制止，不答應(yīng)，dont have to不必3 must 偏要做令人不快的事eg.

4、Must you shout so loudly?6. shall和should1表示說話人征求對(duì)方意見和向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示，用于第一、三人稱。 When shall my father be able to leave hospital?Shall 2 用于第一、三人稱2 用于第二、三人稱,表示說話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、許諾或威脅以及說話人的決心。You shall go with me 命令 / You shall have the book when I finish it.33許諾He shall be punished 威脅/ Nothing shall stop me from doing

5、 it. 決心3 規(guī)定在條約、規(guī)那么、法律1 表示勸告和建議“應(yīng)該2 “按道理應(yīng)當(dāng)“估計(jì)=ought toThey should be there by now, I think.3 用于第一人稱表示說話人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語氣。I should advise you not do that.我倒是勸你別這樣做。4 在條件句中表示“萬一，主句不一定用虛擬語氣。Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him. /Should I be free tomorrow, Ill come.5 Why / How + should 構(gòu)造表示說話人對(duì)某事不能理

6、解，感到意外、驚異等意思， 意為“竟然，也用在某些從句中。It seems so unfair that this should happen to me.這種事竟然發(fā)生在我身上真不公平。7. will 和would1 表示意志和意愿。will 指如今，would指過去。If you will listen to me, Ill give you some advice.2 表示懇求、建議，would比will委婉、客氣。Will Would you please pass me the book?3 表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，“總是“慣于，will指如今，would指過去。Fish will die

7、without water.Every evening, she would sit by the window, deep in thought.4. 表示功能， 意為“能 或“行 The machine wont work.5 表示意料或猜測(cè)。It would be about ten when he left home.猜測(cè)他分開家時(shí)大約十點(diǎn)。8. would & used to1 表示過去持續(xù)的狀態(tài)和情況用used to; would不與表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞連用。There used to be a hospital here. / There would be a hospital her

8、e. 2 would 常與often, sometimes, for hours等表示時(shí)間的副詞短語連用。We would sit in the yard every evening and listened to his story.3 used to 強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的行為同如今的比照，含有“過去怎樣，而如今卻不這樣了的含義. eg. He will not spend the money on books as he used to.9. dare 和need兩者作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞都不用于肯定句，常用于否認(rèn)句、疑問句和條件從句中。習(xí)慣用語I dare say可能，或許，我揣測(cè)除外。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用法同于一般

9、動(dòng)詞。但在否認(rèn)句中，dare 后的to可省略，即：dont / doesnt dare to do. need 作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用在否認(rèn)句中時(shí)，其后的to不能省略。He dare go there alone. He dares to go there.He dares not go there alone. He dare not go there alone . / He doesnt dare to go there alone.He stood there without daring lift his head. He stood there without daring to li

10、ft his head.10情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done,表示過去 比較： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ do , 表示如今或?qū)?。neednt have done & didnt need to doShe need not have come yesterday. 她昨天本不必要來的。但卻來了She didnt need to come yesterday. 她昨天不必來。實(shí)際上也沒來【各個(gè)擊破】1. I lived with my sister this summer and didnt have to pay rent. So I _save my salary. A. could B. would

11、C. was able to D. should2. - Look , Johns fallen asleep.- Oh, he _ too late last night.A. might sit up b. should have sat up c. could sit up D. must have sat up3. On Sundays when I was a child , Father and I _ get up early and go fishing. A. could B. would C. might D. should觀察內(nèi)容的選擇，我本著先靜后動(dòng)，由近及遠(yuǎn)的原那么，

12、有目的、有方案的先安排與幼兒生活接近的，能理解的觀察內(nèi)容。隨機(jī)觀察也是不可少的，是相當(dāng)有趣的，如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛蟲等，孩子一邊觀察，一邊提問，興趣很濃。我提供的觀察對(duì)象，注意形象逼真，色彩鮮明，大小適中，引導(dǎo)幼兒多角度多層面地進(jìn)展觀察，保證每個(gè)幼兒看得到，看得清?？吹们宀拍苷f得正確。在觀察過程中指導(dǎo)。我注意幫助幼兒學(xué)習(xí)正確的觀察方法，即按順序觀察和抓住事物的不同特征重點(diǎn)觀察，觀察與說話相結(jié)合，在觀察中積累詞匯，理解詞匯，如一次我抓住時(shí)機(jī)，引導(dǎo)幼兒觀察雷雨，雷雨前天空急劇變化，烏云密布，我問幼兒烏云是什么樣子的，有的孩子說：烏云像大海的波浪。有的孩子說“烏云跑得飛快。我加以肯定說“這是烏云滾滾。

13、當(dāng)幼兒看到閃電時(shí)，我告訴他“這叫電光閃閃。接著幼兒聽到雷聲驚叫起來，我抓住時(shí)機(jī)說：“這就是雷聲隆隆。一會(huì)兒下起了大雨，我問：“雨下得怎樣?幼兒說大極了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比較觀察，讓幼兒掌握“傾盆大雨這個(gè)詞。雨后，我又帶幼兒觀察晴朗的天空，朗讀自編的一首兒歌：“藍(lán)天高，白云飄，鳥兒飛，樹兒搖，太陽公公咪咪笑。這樣抓住特征見景生情，幼兒不僅印象深化，對(duì)雷雨前后氣象變化的詞語學(xué)得快，記得牢，而且會(huì)應(yīng)用。我還在觀察的根底上，引導(dǎo)幼兒聯(lián)想，讓他們與以往學(xué)的詞語、生活經(jīng)歷聯(lián)絡(luò)起來，在開展想象力中開展語言。如啄木鳥的嘴是長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的，尖尖的，硬硬的，像醫(yī)生用的手術(shù)刀樣，給大樹開刀治病。通過聯(lián)想，幼兒可以生

14、動(dòng)形象地描繪觀察對(duì)象。4. - Many people in England love to give advice on weather reporting.- Yes, but I think the weather offices computers _ be more accurate. 準(zhǔn)確的 A. can B. must C. ought to D. might5. - Are you still going to Shanghai for the Spring Festival?- Yes, but I really _ because I have a lot of thing

15、s to deal with. A. cant B. mustnt C. wont D. shouldnt6. Well, I forgot to bring my dictionary here yesterday.- Actually you _ it here. You were not allowed to use it.A. neednt bring B. neednt have broughtC. didnt need to bring D. dont have to bring7. - Shall I book the table for the dinner? -Yes, yo

16、u_. The restaurant is always full of people. A. can B. will C. must d. need8. The poor boy _ the test again; in that case, his mother will be very disappointed.A. must have failed B. might fail C. could have failed D. should fail9. - Why _ it rain now? I _ go to the concert at 7.- What a pity!A. can

17、; might not B. should; neednt C. must; cant D. need; mustnt10. - We need some fresh air, but the window open.- _I help you ?A. didnt; Will B. shant; Need C. mustnt ; May D. wont; Shall11. - What do you think of your nephew?- He be very naughty but at the same time you _ help liking him.A. will; will

18、 B. wont ; cant C. may; may D. can; cant12. It was not possible that she_ go down, step by step down the unexpected stairs into the dark below.A. should dare B. should dare to C. must dare D. must dare to13. - I am told that John had another car accident this morning.我國(guó)古代的讀書人,從上學(xué)之日起,就日誦不輟,一般在幾年內(nèi)就能識(shí)記

19、幾千個(gè)漢字,熟記幾百篇文章,寫出的詩(shī)文也是字斟句酌,瑯瑯上口,成為滿腹經(jīng)綸的文人。為什么在現(xiàn)代化教學(xué)的今天,我們念了十幾年書的高中畢業(yè)生甚至大學(xué)生,竟提起作文就頭疼,寫不出像樣的文章呢?呂叔湘先生早在1978年就鋒利地提出:“中小學(xué)語文教學(xué)效果差,中學(xué)語文畢業(yè)生語文程度低,十幾年上課總時(shí)數(shù)是9160課時(shí),語文是2749課時(shí),恰好是30%,十年的時(shí)間,二千七百多課時(shí),用來學(xué)本國(guó)語文,卻是大多數(shù)不過關(guān),豈非咄咄怪事!尋根究底,其主要原因就是腹中無物。特別是寫議論文,初中程度以上的學(xué)生都知道議論文的“三要素是論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、論證,也通曉議論文的根本構(gòu)造:提出問題分析問題解決問題,但真正動(dòng)起筆來就犯難了。

20、知道“是這樣,就是講不出“為什么。根本原因還是無“米下“鍋。于是便翻開作文集錦之類的書大段抄起來,抄人家的名言警句,抄人家的事例,不參考作文書就很難寫出像樣的文章。所以,詞匯貧乏、內(nèi)容空洞、千篇一律便成了中學(xué)生作文的通病。要解決這個(gè)問題,不能單在布局謀篇等寫作技方面下功夫,必須認(rèn)識(shí)到“死記硬背的重要性,讓學(xué)生積累足夠的“米。- I believe not. He _ so careless.“教書先生恐怕是市井百姓最為熟悉的一種稱呼，從最初的門館、私塾到晚清的學(xué)堂，“教書先生那一行當(dāng)怎么說也算是讓國(guó)人景仰甚或敬畏的一種社會(huì)職業(yè)。只是更早的“先生概念并非源于教書，最初出現(xiàn)的“先生一詞也并非有傳授

21、知識(shí)那般的含義。?孟子?中的“先生何為出此言也？；?論語?中的“有酒食，先生饌；?國(guó)策?中的“先生坐，何至于此？等等，均指“先生為父兄或有學(xué)問、有德行的長(zhǎng)輩。其實(shí)?國(guó)策?中本身就有“先生長(zhǎng)者，有德之稱的說法。可見“先生之原意非真正的“老師之意，倒是與當(dāng)今“先生的稱呼更接近?？磥?，“先生之根源含義在于禮貌和尊稱，并非具學(xué)問者的專稱。稱“老師為“先生的記載，首見于?禮記?曲禮?，有“從于先生，不越禮而與人言，其中之“先生意為“年長(zhǎng)、資深之傳授知識(shí)者，與老師、老師之意根本一致。A. shouldnt have been B. wouldnt have been唐宋或更早之前，針對(duì)“經(jīng)學(xué)“律學(xué)“算學(xué)和“書學(xué)各科目，其相應(yīng)傳授者稱為“博士，這與當(dāng)今“博士含義已經(jīng)相去甚遠(yuǎn)。而對(duì)那些特別講授“武事或講解“經(jīng)籍者，又稱“講師?！敖淌诤汀爸叹瓰閷W(xué)官稱謂。前者始于宋，乃“宗學(xué)“律學(xué)“醫(yī)學(xué)“武學(xué)等科目的講授者；而后者那么于西晉武帝時(shí)代即已設(shè)立了，主要協(xié)助國(guó)子、博士培養(yǎng)生徒。“助教在古代不僅要作入流的學(xué)問，其教書育人的職責(zé)也十清楚晰。唐代國(guó)子學(xué)、太學(xué)等所設(shè)之“助教一席，也是當(dāng)朝打眼的學(xué)官。至明清兩代，只設(shè)國(guó)子監(jiān)國(guó)子學(xué)一科的“助教，其身價(jià)不謂顯赫，也稱得上朝廷要員。至此，無論是“博士“講師，還是“教授“助教，其今日老師應(yīng)具有的根本概念都具有了。C. co