選修八Unit 1語法學案

1、. Book8 unit1 Grammar名詞性從句名詞性從句的功能: 功能相當于名詞詞組, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等。名詞性從句:表語從句、賓語從句、主語從句、同位語從句一、主語從句小組討論，找出以下句子的主語并總結(jié)。 1.A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.2.I dont know if it will grow.3.To give is better than to receive4.That light travels in straight lines is known to all.總結(jié)：主語可由_詞、_詞、數(shù)

2、詞、不定式、動名詞和_等來承擔。一般位于謂動詞_。一、小組討論并判斷以下句子那些是主語從句。Yes or No?1.That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.2.I think that you must work harder.3.The fact is that we have lost the game.4.When they will come is unknown.5.Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet

3、.6.Whatever you did is right.7.What we need is time.8.It is certain that he will win the match. 二課堂練習：1_he said was not true.2_he likes most is reading.3_he is brave is true.4_ will take part in the meeting has not been decided.5_she is from is unknown.6_she keeps healthy is a secret.7_can join in t

4、he sport meet is decided by the teacher.8_book I shall choose hasnt been decided.三、主語從句特殊用法：1. It is very likely that they will hold a meeting. It + be + 名詞/形容詞 +主語從句2. It seems that he has seen the film. 似乎 It+不及物動詞seem, happen, matter+主語從句3. It is said that President Obama will visit our school ne

5、xt week. 據(jù)說 It過去分詞從句 總結(jié)：it 做形式主語，為了防止句子頭重腳輕，通常把形式主語it放在主語位置，真正主語擱置于句末。四、主語從句在寫作中的運用。1 _眾所周知China launched their Shenzhou XI manned spaceship successfully on October 17,2019, carrying two Chinese astronauts, Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong. After 33-days stay in space, they returned to the earth . In thei

6、r opinion, 2 _ 這是他們的榮幸 that they were chosen to be the astronauts of Shenzhou XI spaceship. During their trip,3 _令他們驚訝的事 was that the gravity became very strong when their rocket rose into the air. However, 4_讓他們振奮的事 was seeing the earth from space. They also said that it didnt matter5 _ 多么困難 They w

7、ould finish the task with heart and soul. All in all, it is a new chapter for Chinas space industry.二、賓語從句1、定義：在復合句中作動詞或介詞賓語的從句叫賓語從句。2、類別1動詞后的賓語從句: I heard_ he would come here later on. 2介詞后的賓語從句: He said nothing about _ broke the window last night. 某些形容詞或過去分詞后的賓語從句 I am not sure I ought to do.3、賓語從

8、句的引導詞1 附屬連詞that He told us _. 他對我們說他感到不舒適。 I know_.我知道他已經(jīng)回來了。此處that可省略分析：從句中_缺/不缺句子成分，_有/無實際意義，只起連接作用，所以填that2附屬連詞if/whether。如： I doubt _. 我疑心他是否會成功。 I dont know _. 我不知道你能否幫助我。分析：從句中_缺/不缺句子成分，意為_,只起連接作用，所以填if/ whetherwhether 與if 引導賓語從句的區(qū)別情況whetherif從句置于句首時從句作介詞的賓語時從句作discuss, doubt doubt用于肯定構(gòu)造時等動詞的賓

9、語時與or not 或動詞不定式直接連用時用if容易產(chǎn)生歧義時從句為否認句時操練：用if/whether填空。_ she will come or not is still a question她是否能來還是個問題。I'm interested in _ he likes English我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語。 Let me know _ or not he will come. 讓我知道他是否能來。He hasn't decided _ to visit the old man. 他尚未決定是否拜訪那位人。_ this is true or not，I can't

10、say這是否真的我說不上來。 People doubt _ he is a thief. 人們疑心他是否是小偷。 He asked _ I didnt come to school yesterday.他問我昨天是否沒來學校。 家庭是幼兒語言活動的重要環(huán)境，為了與家長配合做好幼兒閱讀訓練工作，孩子一入園就召開家長會，給家長提出早期抓好幼兒閱讀的要求。我把幼兒在園里的閱讀活動及閱讀情況及時傳遞給家長，要求孩子回家向家長朗讀兒歌，表演故事。我和家長共同配合，一道訓練，幼兒的閱讀才能進步很快。5、本卷須知1） 從句是并列句時，第二個分句前的that不可省略。 He phoned us to tell

11、 that it was time for us to set off and_ he would wait for us at the first crossing. 第一個 that 可省略，第二個 that 不可省略2） 在insist，demand，order，suggest, propose, advise, desire等表示堅持、命令、 建議等意義的動詞后，that賓語從句中謂語常用“should+動詞原形，表示虛擬。 Wangwei insisted that she _ organize the trip well. 3） 動詞+it + 形容詞或慣用搭配+that從句，it

12、為形式賓語，that從句為真正的賓語。I think_ necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 4） 動詞doubt用于否認構(gòu)造或疑問構(gòu)造時，賓語從句的引導詞用that。5） 否認前移： I dont think you are right._.翻譯三、表語從句1、概念： 表語從句是在復合句中作表語的從句。 2、 放在系動詞之后,一般構(gòu)造是“主語+系動詞+表語從句 3、可以接表語從句的連系動詞有be, look, remain, seem等。 由附屬連詞that不可省，whether 引導的表語從句 1The tr

13、ouble is _she has lost his money.費事的事是他丟了錢。_不作成分2The question is _ we need more ice cream. _不作成分 由關(guān)系代詞which, who, what, whose 等引導的表語從句1The question is _ of us should go.問題是我們哪一個應該去 作定語2 The problem was _ could do the work.問題是誰能做這項工作。作主語3) That's_ he is worrying about.那就是他在擔憂的事。作賓語Time is _

14、we should treasure.時間應該是我們珍惜的。 作賓語“教書先生恐怕是市井百姓最為熟悉的一種稱呼，從最初的門館、私塾到晚清的學堂，“教書先生那一行當怎么說也算是讓國人景仰甚或敬畏的一種社會職業(yè)。只是更早的“先生概念并非源于教書，最初出現(xiàn)的“先生一詞也并非有傳授知識那般的含義。?孟子?中的“先生何為出此言也？；?論語?中的“有酒食，先生饌；?國策?中的“先生坐，何至于此？等等，均指“先生為父兄或有學問、有德行的長輩。其實?國策?中本身就有“先生長者，有德之稱的說法。可見“先生之原意非真正的“老師之意，倒是與當今“先生的稱呼更接近?？磥?，“先生之根源含義在于禮貌和尊稱，并非具學問者的

15、專稱。稱“老師為“先生的記載，首見于?禮記?曲禮?，有“從于先生，不越禮而與人言，其中之“先生意為“年長、資深之傳授知識者，與老師、老師之意根本一致。China is no longer _ it used to be. 中國不再是過去的中國。作表語 由關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, how等引導的表語從句1) Go and get your coat. It's _ you left it. 去把雨衣拿來就在你原來放的地方。2） 語文課本中的文章都是精選的比較優(yōu)秀的文章,還有不少名家名篇。假如有選擇循序漸進地讓學生背誦一些優(yōu)秀篇目、精彩段落,對進步學生的程度會大有裨益。如

16、今,不少語文老師在分析課文時,把文章解體的支離破碎,總在文章的技巧方面下功夫。結(jié)果老師費力,學生頭疼。分析完之后,學生收效甚微,沒過幾天便忘的一干二凈。造成這種事倍功半的為難場面的關(guān)鍵就是對文章讀的不熟。常言道“書讀百遍,其義自見,假如有目的、有方案地引導學生反復閱讀課文,或細讀、默讀、跳讀,或聽讀、范讀、輪讀、分角色朗讀,學生便可以在讀中自然領(lǐng)悟文章的思想內(nèi)容和寫作技巧,可以在讀中自然加強語感,增強語言的感受力。久而久之,這種思想內(nèi)容、寫作技巧和語感就會自然浸透到學生的語言意識之中,就會在寫作中自覺不自覺地加以運用、創(chuàng)造和開展。 I had neither a raincoat n

17、or an umbrella. Thats_ I got wet through. 一般說來，“老師概念之形成經(jīng)歷了非常漫長的歷史。楊士勛唐初學者，四門博士?春秋谷梁傳疏?曰：“師者教人以不及，故謂師為師資也。這兒的“師資，其實就是先秦而后歷代對老師的別稱之一。?韓非子?也有云：“今有不才之子師長教之弗為變其“師長當然也指老師。這兒的“師資和“師長可稱為“老師概念的雛形，但仍說不上是名副其實的“老師，因為“老師必需要有明確的傳授知識的對象和本身明確的職責。我們既沒傘也沒雨衣，這是我們淋濕的原因。3 _ is how mice ruin many stores of grain every ye

18、ar.那就是老鼠是怎樣每年損害大量糧食的。 引導名詞性從句的連接詞連詞：that/whether /if 主語從句沒有 if連接代詞：who/what/ which哪一個/whose wh+ever連接副詞：when/where/how/why總結(jié)：1_只起連接作用，不充當任何成分。 2_在從句充當主語、賓語、表語、定語。 3_在從句中充當狀語。4在主語從句，表語從句中的that不能省。理論沖關(guān)：一、 單句改錯1、 That they are going to discuss at the meeting is how to increase food supply in the w

19、orld.2、 Why farmland here is being lost is because farmers have cut down too many trees in recent years.3、 If the famous scientist will come to attend the agricultural conference is not known yet.4、 The question is if the enemy is marching towards us. 5、 Tell me what it has happened to you.6、 We con

20、sider that impossible that we finish it in a day. 7、 Mother made a promise if I got the prize, she would buy a bike.8、 He didnt come yesterday. That is why he was ill.9、 The bus was empty, so I could take which seat I liked.10、 It is difficult for us to imagine how life was like for slaves in the ancient world.二、語法填空。Thomas Edison was one of the ten said to be the greatest genius of his age. There are only a few men in all of the history,1. has changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of