語法復(fù)習(xí)主謂一致

1、語法復(fù)習(xí) 主謂一致在英語句子里， 謂語受主語支配， 其動(dòng)詞必須和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致， 這就叫主 謂一致。尋其規(guī)律，大致可歸納為三個(gè)原則，即語法一致、邏輯意義一致和就近一致原則。(一) 語法一致原則：語法上一致就是謂語動(dòng)詞和主語在單、復(fù)數(shù)形式上保持一致。He is talking with his brotherThe boys are playing football但我們要注意一些特殊情況1. and連接的名詞作主語1) . 連接的名詞表示不同的事物,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)Terry Lin and Yuquan (be) pop singers.2) . and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞，指同一個(gè)人或

2、物時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，此時(shí)and 的后面的名詞前面沒有冠詞The singer and dancer often (attend) our evening party.Bread and butter(serve) for breakfast2. 主語后面帶有 as well as, rather than ， together with, but, except, as much as, along with, 等 連接的詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞根據(jù)這些詞的前面主語來確定形式.It's said that Liu Huan as well as three other music tutors

3、( 音樂導(dǎo)師 ) of The Voice of China (be) going to join in the show.3. 表示成雙成套的名詞，如：chopsticks , glasses, scissors, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves ，compasses等作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式.Glasses (is, are) sometimes important to a person's image但如與 a kind of, the kind of, a pair of, the pair of 等連用，作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式 .

4、The pair of glasses(make) Sha baoliang more charming.4. each/neither/either+of + the+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù) ;不定代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。1) . Each of the shows (appeal) to audience.2) . Either of the books on the table (belong) to me.3) . Everybody (want) to be present at the scene of the show.5. 由 many a 和

5、 more than one 等修飾的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù) , 但是謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).1. More than one pop singer (feel) like being a competitor of I AM A SINGER.2. Many a professional musician (think) highly of this show.(二) 就近一致原則 : 謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)由最靠近它的主語決定。1. 這些連詞連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語應(yīng)與最靠近的主語保持一致。A or B , either A or B, neither A nor B , not on

6、ly A but also B , 或 not A but B 動(dòng)詞與最靠近的 主語一致Neither the singers nor the host (know) the name of the new competitor until the showstarts.2. 在there be句型中或以here開頭的句子中，謂語動(dòng)詞 be應(yīng)與后面的名詞保持一致； 當(dāng)后面的名詞不止一個(gè)時(shí) ,謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)應(yīng)該和其最靠近的那個(gè)名詞的人稱和數(shù)保持 一致.1) . There (is/are) 7 singers competing with each other in the show.2)

7、. There (lie) a park and two shops behind the school.(三) 意義一致：主語形式雖是單數(shù)，但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞采用復(fù)數(shù)形式； 主語形式雖是復(fù)數(shù)但表示單數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞也采用單數(shù)形式。例如The population of the earth is increasing very fastOne third of the population here are works1. family, team, class, crowd, government, group, police 等集體名詞作主語時(shí)， 如強(qiáng)調(diào)整體， 謂語動(dòng)詞用 形式 ;如

8、果強(qiáng)調(diào)集體中的成員， 謂語動(dòng)詞用 形式。(1).Our family (be) a big one.(2).Our family ( watch) I AM A SINGER every Friday.2. 學(xué)科名稱 , 國家名稱作主語時(shí) ,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式； 主語為表示長度、重量、時(shí)間、或是錢數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，應(yīng)看作是整體,即使其中的名詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式1) . Physics (play) an important part in our daily life.2) . The United States (act) as the world police.3) . 9o mi

9、nutes (is/are) not enough for audience to enjoy their singing.4) . 50 yuan (have) been spent on the tickets.3. the +姓氏名詞復(fù)數(shù)：表示一家人”或“夫婦”.the +形容詞：表示一類人”，在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式1) .The Greens (is/are) watching I AM A SINGER now.2) .The young (represent) a new trend of pop music.4. n o/each/every +單數(shù)名詞+ an d

10、+ no/each/every +單數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞1. Every boy and girl in this region (teach) to read and write2. No engineer and no worker(be) in the workshop.5. means, series, species, works(工廠)，fish , sheep, deer 等單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng) 視情況而定。 Every meansto solve the problem. All possible meansto solve the problem主謂一致的測試熱點(diǎn)1.

11、 關(guān)系代詞 who, that, which 作主語,定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞的形式取決于其先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)1) . I AM A SINGER is one of the reality TV shows(真人秀 ) that ( a p p e a l ) to audiencebest.2) . So far, Huang qishan is the only one of the singers who (have) been ranking first forthree times in the show .3) I, who _(be) your teacher, will teach yo

12、u everything I know2. 數(shù)詞與量詞作主語的主謂一致1) . a number of + n (復(fù)數(shù))作主語，謂語用 ;the number of + n (復(fù)數(shù))作主語，謂語用 A number of people (dream) of joining the jury( 聽審團(tuán) ) of I AM A SINGER.The number of the members of the jury_ (be) 500.2) . a (large) quantity of, (large)quantities of, 后可接可數(shù) / 不可數(shù)名詞作主語 : quantities of

13、 后的謂語動(dòng)詞總用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 a quantity of 后的謂語動(dòng)詞取決于后面的名詞是否 可數(shù)； (PS: a large amount of, large amounts of,etc)Large qua ntities of time(is, are) spe nt on dress rehearsal(彩排).A large quantity of money (has, have) been earned through this show.3) . the rest of / all of / most of / part of / half of / percent of / o

14、ne third of ,etc + 名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于 of 后面的名詞表示的意義。 . 21.86 % of the members of the jury (support) Terry Lin, which makes him rankfirst. . Half of the work (have) not been done.3. 動(dòng)名詞或不定式作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Seeing (be) believing. = To see is to believe.4. 單個(gè)主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng) 詞用復(fù)數(shù)。1) . That

15、I shall work with you (mean) a great pleasure to me.2) . What I said and how I did it (be) of no concern to you.5成對(duì)的名詞，如 bread and butter 涂黃油的面包， soda and water 汽水， coffee and milk 加 牛奶的咖啡， aim and end 目的， salt and water 鹽開水等，雖然有 and 連接，但仍表單一 概念，作主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。A knife and fork (be) on the table6主語是表示數(shù)量的

16、 “one and a half +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 ”，其謂語用單數(shù)形式。 主語是 “one otrwo + 復(fù) 數(shù)名詞 ”，其謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式1) One and a half bananas (be) on the table.2) There (be) one or two things I d like to know about.7. 陳述部分用 everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one 或 no+復(fù)數(shù)名詞等作主語時(shí)，反意部分用they。而陳述部分用everything, something

17、, nothing,anything 時(shí)，反意部分代詞則采用單數(shù)，用 it。1) Somebody is waiting for you,?2) Everything is all right,?8. 在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中如被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的主語，則who 或 that 后面的謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)應(yīng)和主語一致It is Mike who always me study maths after class .9. wish 后接賓語從句用虛擬語氣，如表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，無論主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用 were。I wish I ten years younger10算式中表示數(shù)目的主語通?？醋鲉螖?shù)，其謂

18、語常用單數(shù)形式，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。Five times four twenty.單句改錯(cuò)1. Neither he nor I is a student now.2. No news are good news.3. This kind of books sell well.4. Tom and Jack were playing basketball on the playground. The rest of us was at work withindoor.5. Half of them are newcomers. They each has little experience in st

19、udying English. 高考回眸 1. The number of the people invited fifty , but a number of them absent fordifferent reasons.A. were, wasB. was; wasC. was; wereD. were; were2. There more than one answer to your question, I think.A. haveB. has C. are D. is3. This is one of the most interesting questions that asked.A.have B. hasC. have been D. has been4