考研英語8種信函寫作要點(diǎn)大總結(jié)

1、xx考研英語 8種信函寫作要點(diǎn)大總結(jié) 英文書信主要分為兩大類：私人信函和公務(wù)信函。私人信函是指與朋友、家人之間的往來書信，其內(nèi)容比擬自由，只需要包括以下幾個(gè)局部即可：日期、稱呼、正文、落款。公務(wù)信函類型多樣，應(yīng)用范圍非常廣泛，屬正式文體，包括求職信、辭職信、拒聘信、詢問信、復(fù)詢信、留學(xué)和獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金申請(qǐng)信、投訴信、答復(fù)賠償信等。此類信件的共同特點(diǎn)是：1.內(nèi)容明確，不可漫無目標(biāo);2.措辭誠懇，坦然，不能感情夸張;3.語言清晰、簡潔、有禮。從形式上看應(yīng)該側(cè)重考查公務(wù)信函，因?yàn)橹挥写祟愋藕判栌玫綍嬲Z的正式語體。 以下主要針對(duì)公務(wù)信函，介紹幾種常見信函的根本特點(diǎn)。對(duì)于其他不同功能的信件，考生可以根據(jù)本書

2、的介紹做到舉一反三。在備考階段，考生應(yīng)熟悉各類信函的書寫模式及常用話語并加強(qiáng)練習(xí)。 (1)求職信(letters of applying for a job) 通常包含三個(gè)局部：a)引言局部寫明寫信原因、具體謀求的職位、獲得申請(qǐng)信息的(如：報(bào)紙廣告、熟人介紹)等。b)開展局部表達(dá)自己能夠勝任該職位所具備的條件，包括教育背景、工作經(jīng)歷、社會(huì)實(shí)踐等。這局部內(nèi)容要具體，不要空洞游說或者列舉，用事實(shí)說服會(huì)更有力。c)結(jié)尾局部再次表達(dá)對(duì)職位的渴望，爭取面試時(shí)機(jī)。如請(qǐng)求及時(shí)回信、希望當(dāng)面洽談、提供進(jìn)一步接觸的聯(lián)系方式或指出附件中有相關(guān)的證明文件等。 求職信的語言應(yīng)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、得體。其常用套語有： 引言：i

3、 am writing to apply for the post of. advertised in. in answer to your advertisement in. for the post of. , i would like to apply for. i have learned from. (sb) of your opening/vacancy for. (job), and am therefore writing to apply for the post. 開展：i am now a senior student in (department) of (univer

4、sity), and i expect to graduate in (date) with a degree in (discipline). i receive my (degree) in (subject) from (name of university) in (date). since graduation, i have been working with (name of pany/organization) as (job title) i was awarded the prize of (title) in (month/year) for (eg. good perf

5、ormance in etc.) i am confident that my academic training has prepared me to handle the job. 結(jié)尾：enclosed are testimonials from my university teacher and my present employer. if these meet your requirements, please grant me an interview. (2)辭職信(letters of resignation) 正式的辭職信應(yīng)具備以下要素： a)受理者恰當(dāng)?shù)姆Q呼; b)辭職決

6、定及其理由(如：未受公司重用或尊重，健康、家庭或個(gè)人原因，另覓一份更適合自己的工作等); c)緩和氣氛的語句，如對(duì)原單位所給予工作時(shí)機(jī)以及提供的工作經(jīng)歷表示感謝，對(duì)因自己辭職而給對(duì)方帶來的不便表示歉意，表達(dá)對(duì)原單位的良好祝愿等等。 需要注意的是：防止負(fù)面評(píng)論。不管什么原因，不要對(duì)你的公司政策、老板、管理人員、同事做任何負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)。 常用套語如下： 稱呼：dear mr. smith (5)投訴信 投投訴信是因?yàn)閷?duì)效勞、商品等不滿而向諸如商店、廠家、消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì)等相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)機(jī)構(gòu)寫的信件。寫此類信件時(shí)候，應(yīng)注意寫信的目的不僅僅是表示不滿，更重要的是讓對(duì)方了解并解決你所遇到的問題。因此投訴信的內(nèi)容可包括：

7、 1)反映問題。比方應(yīng)具體說明什么質(zhì)量問題，并提供確切的發(fā)票，問題的內(nèi)容要明確而具體。 2)說明由此問題所帶來的不便、比方時(shí)間或精神上的損失等，內(nèi)容要實(shí)事求是。 3)提出解決，賠償方法和方式等，所提出的要求要合理。 4)結(jié)尾既要提出希望，比方要求對(duì)方盡快解決問題，同時(shí)又要為對(duì)方做出的努力表示感謝，這樣對(duì)方才可能以積極的態(tài)度處理并解決你的問題。 投訴信的語氣要堅(jiān)決，但注意禮貌用詞，不宜過分鋒利，表達(dá)問題時(shí)用過去時(shí)態(tài)。其常用套語有： 引言：i am returning. which i bought from your store in. (time). i must plain about. 開

8、展：this has put us to great inconvenience. therefore, i am returning. and would greatly appreciate if you could replace it. 結(jié)尾：we hope that you will understand our expectation of the pensation for our damaged goods. i would be grateful if this matter would have your immediate attention. having been g

9、iven your excellent reputation, i am sure you will do everything possible to. (6)建議信 建議信是寫信人希望對(duì)解決問題有所幫助而向相關(guān)部門或者個(gè)人寫的信件，其主要目的是提出自己的意見，希望對(duì)方能夠采納并采取相應(yīng)行動(dòng)。為了到達(dá)交際目的，所提建議要合理、可行、容易讓對(duì)方接受。除此之外還需要注意語氣要和藹，要與對(duì)方拉近距離而不可盛氣凌人。 建議信的內(nèi)容一般包括：1)提出亟待解決的問題;2) 分析造成問題的原因;3)提出解決方法。 常用套語有： 提出問題：it seems that (not have desired ef

10、fects, not have obtained the full attention; be not satisfactory/ perfect; have harmful/ deadly/ serious/negative effects) i am (deeply/ really/ seriously/ terribly/greatly) concerned / worried / sad / confused about 分析原因：currently, especially ;therefore, ;this leads to; one of the factors is ; it i

11、s understood that ifit will. 提出解決方法：in order to bat the growing problem of , should reduce/ increase/ ensure; i think it would be more beneficial if you could.; i think it would be helpful to. (7)抱歉信 抱歉信是寫信人對(duì)未盡之事向收信人表示歉意。所有抱歉信都需要注意的是：解釋的理由要真實(shí)而詳細(xì)，態(tài)度要誠懇、語言要誠摯，從而使收信人理解，并到達(dá)最終諒解。抱歉信的內(nèi)容可包括：1)表示歉意并說明抱歉的事因;

12、2)解釋自己的難處或苦衷;3)請(qǐng)求原諒或提出補(bǔ)救的方法。 常用套語有： 表達(dá)歉意：there's no excuse for i forgot to . i am indeed very sorry for , but believe i had no intention to here is my deepest apology for . please forgive me for 解釋苦衷：the fact is that i had / unfortunately i / i had a small aident / i have some urgent business to

13、 deal with my behavior yesterday was inexcusable, and i must tell you how 請(qǐng)求原諒提出補(bǔ)救方法：i want you to know how badly feel about and to assure you that it will not happen again. i realize that particular is irreplaceable, but i hope you will use the enclosed check to purchase a similar one. i hope this situation can be mended to everyone's satisfaction. i can only hope