國際貿(mào)易專業(yè)詞匯

1、國際貿(mào)易專業(yè)英語商務詞匯匯總）目錄：、進出口貿(mào)易詞匯二、貿(mào)易價格術(shù)語 .第5頁三、貿(mào)易保險、國際組織術(shù)語 .第8頁四、貿(mào)易價格術(shù)語 .第11頁五、貿(mào)易伙伴術(shù)語 .第14頁六、數(shù)量條件與外匯術(shù)語 .第16頁一、進出口貿(mào)易詞匯the activity of buying and selling, especially on a large scale貿(mào)易 ?2. Export Declaration A form to be completed by the exporter or their authorized agent and filed in triplicate by a carrie

2、r with the United State Collector of customs at the point of exit. 出口申報單to bring or carry in from an outside source, especially to bring in(goods or materials)from a foreign country for trade or sale 進 口?licence A certificate, issued by countries exercising import controls, that permits importation

3、of the articles stated in the license. The issuance of such a permit frequently is connected with the release of foreign exchange needed to pay for the shipment for which the import license has been requested. 進口許口證 ?licence A document secured from a government, authorizing an exporter to export a s

4、pecific quantity of a particular commodity to a certain country. An export license is often required if a government has place embargoes or other restrictions upon exports. See General Export License. 出口許口證 ?an act of asking for information 詢盤an item or items delivered on a particular occasion.交貨 ?a

5、 thing made, supplied, or served as a result of such a request訂貨of LadingA document that establishes the terms of a contract betweena shipper and a transportation company under which freight is to be moved between specified points for a specified charge. Usually prepared by the shipper on forms issu

6、ed by the carrier, it serves as a document of title, contract of carriage, and a receipt for goods. Also see Air Waybill and Ocean Bill of Lading. 提單 ?in Blank Commonly used on a bank check, an endorsement in blank is an endorsement to the bearer. It contains only the nameof the endorser and specifi

7、es no particular payee. Also, a common means of endorsing billsof lading dawn to the order oftheshipper. The bills are endorsed For. (see Bill of Lading, Order). 空白背書 ?sign (a cheque or bill of exchange) on the back to make it payable to someone other than the stated payee or to accept responsibilit

8、y for paying it背書 ?receiptIs a receipt of cargo for shipment by a consolidator (used inocean freight). 承運貨物收據(jù) ?13. catalogue a publication containing details and often photographs of items for sale 商品目錄 ?Clause Letter of Credit A letter of credit that allows the exporter to receive a percentage of t

9、he face value of the letter of credit in advance of shipment. This enables the exporter to purchase inventory and pay other costs associated with producing and preparing the export order.紅條款信用證subsidyAn economic benefit granted by a government to producers ofgoods or services, often to strengthen th

10、eir competitive position. 出口津貼balance of trade Whencountries export more than they import, they are said to have a .? 貿(mào)易順差balance of trade Whenthey import more than they export, an exits.? 貿(mào)易逆差trade zoneA port designated by the government of a country forduty-free entry of any non-prohibited goods.

11、Merchandise maybe stored, displayed, used for manufacturing, within the zone and re-exported without duties being paid. Duties are imposed on the merchandise (or items manufactured from the merchandise) only when the goods pass from the zone into an area of the country subject to the Customs Authori

12、ty.自由貿(mào)易區(qū)19. most-favored nation treatment (MFNT) The list of a countrys import duties is called a tariff schedule. A single tariff schedule applies to all goods, no matter what their country of origin.A double or multicolumn schedule provides for differing rates depending on the country of origin. M

13、ost modern trade agreements are made on the basis of what is called most-favored-nation treatment. 最惠國待遇Average When damage to cargo on board a vessel exceeds carriers insurance, carrier will release cargo only with an acceptance agreement to claim only a general percentage of all the damage sustain

14、ed. 共同海損Invoice An itemized list of goods shipped, usually included among an exporters collection papers.商業(yè)發(fā)票bills of lading A receipt for cargo in transit, and a contract between the exporter and an ocean carrier for transportation and delivery of goods to a specified party at a specified foreign d

15、estination. Issued after the vessel has sailed and the cargo has been entered in the ships manifest.海運提單liquidation The finalization of a customs entry. 清關(guān) Bonded Warehouse Is a?warehouse where imported goods may be stored for a total of three years without the payment of duty or taxes. 保稅倉庫sending

16、(goods unsaleable in the home market) to a foreign market for sale at a low price. 商品傾銷send (goods or services) to another country for sale出口Bank A bank that, in its own country, handles the business of a foreign bank. 通知行drafta draft payable upon presentation.即期匯票L/C a letter of credit part of whos

17、e value when the applicant defaultson another agreed method of payment可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證information placed on outer surface of shipping containers or packages such as address labels, identifying numbers, box specifications, caution, or directional warning.嘜頭二、貿(mào)易價格術(shù)語(free on board)Seller is responsible for inlan

18、d freight and allother costs until the cargo has been loaded on the vessel/ is responsible for ocean/airfreight and marine/airinsurance 離岸價(船上交貨價) &F(cost and freight)?Is a quoted price includes cost of goods andfreight. 成本加運費價(離岸加運費價)(cost, insurance and freight)Is a quoted price includes cost ofgo

19、ods, insurance and freight.到岸價 ?(成本加運費、保險費價)All merchandise,goods,products,or commodities shipped by sail,air,road,or water other than by baggage,express mail,or regular mail .運費A charge assessed by a pier or dock owner against the cargoor a steamship company for use of the pier or dock.碼頭費customs,d

20、uty ； Duties or a duty imposed by a government onImported or exported goods.關(guān)稅The amount paid to an agent,which may be an individual, a borker, or a financial institution for consummating a transaction involving sale or purchase of assets or services.傭金commission A commission which is paid back by t

21、he agent if apolicy is cancelled before its normal expiration date. 回 傭，回扣 ?price price of product （service） which does not contain Value Adeed Tax 凈價price Wholesaling is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users 批發(fā)價

22、/ allowance A reduction from the full or standard amout of a pice or debt 折扣price The price paid by a consumer to a dealer or individual for a vehicle. The dealer or individual sets the retail price of a used car by calculating the wholesale price paid plus reconditioning expenses and other costs零售價

23、price the current delivery price of a commodity traded in the spot market 現(xiàn)貨價格price prevailing price，the prices of goods and services in thereference period 現(xiàn)行價格 / 時價valuation Establishment, according to defined criteria, of the valueof goods for the purpose of levying ad valorem customs duties on t

24、heir importation海關(guān)估價list means the list of charges for the Product as found on the Site and VAT at the prescribed rate and any other tax, duty or levy imposed by legislation.價目表duty stamp tax ，a tax collected by requiring a stamp to be purchasedand attached （usually on documents or publications）.印花稅

25、the total income a business firm or government receives from all source 稅收，收入price Refers to sales into the future of a physical commodity by the use of forward contracting or futures and options hedging. It is a marketing tool for grain buyers and sellers. 期貨（遠期）價格，期貨價an amount that is or maybe ded

26、ucted ；the act of deducting ；subtraction 扣除（額）；減除（額）cost Usually refers to average total cost， which is the total cost ofproduction of a good or service(including the costs of fixed inputs and variable inputs) divided by the quantity produced. 平均成本rate The fee charged by a lender to a borrower for t

27、he use of borrowed money，usually expressed as an annual percentage of the principal ；the rate is dependent upon the time value of money，the credit risk of the bprrowed and the onflation rate. 利率 Interest rates can be calculated as simple ， compounded or effective.surcharge A temporary tax on imports

28、 over and above established tariffs, usually enacted in times of economic crisis進口附加稅licence An import license is a document issued by a national government authorizing the importation of certain goods into its territory. 進口許口證licence A document secured from a government, authorizing an exporter to

29、export a specific quantity of a particular commodity to a certain country. An export license is often required if a government has place embargoes or other restrictions upon exports. See General Export Licence 出口許口證 value face value * place value. 總值(International)Market priceWorld market prices of

30、commoditiesexchange 國際市場價格account Credit extended that is not supported by a note，mortage ，orother formal written evidence of indebtedness. Because this method poses an obvious risk to the supplier ，it is essential that the buy s integrity by unquestionable. 賒賬 price The price of a home determined b

31、y totaling the sales prices of all houses sold in an area and dividing that number by the number of homes. 平均價格of Discharge Port where vessel is off loaded and cargo discharges.卸貨港三、貿(mào)易保險、國際組織術(shù)語1.Insurer: insurance company: a financial institution that sells insurance 保險人2.Insured: a person whose int

32、erests are protected by an insurance policy 投保人3.Insurance policy:An Insurance contract determines the frameworkunder which the features of an policy are enforced.保險單4.proximate cause: an event sufficiently related to a legally recognizable injury to be held the cause of that injury. 近因原則Total Loss:

33、 Totaled (shorthand for total loss) is a term used in the industry. Generally, the insurance provider will only pay out the lesser cost of buying a replacement vehicle, instead of paying to repair the old one to its previous state. 全部損失 / 全損PICC: People s Insurance Companyof China. a Chinese insuran

34、ce compa ny中國人民保險公司.:China Insurance Clause 中國保險條款W/W clause: Warehouse to Warehouse Clause 倉至倉條款All Risks ：This is an insurance term and the “All Risks ” insurance will normally cover against all risks of whatever nature provided that they are risks and not certainties. 一切險./ ：(With Average or With

35、 Particular Average) An insurance term meaning that partial loss or damage of goods is insured. Generally must be caused by sea water. Manyhave a minimum percentage of damage before payment. May be extended to cover loss by theft, pilferage, delivery, leakage, and breakage. 水漬險： (Free of Particular

36、Average) A term used in marine insurance policies to indicate that while the underwriter is unwilling to assumeliability for ordinary partial losses due to the peculiar qualities of the particular article or to its form of package, he is willing to bear partial losses, the direct result of stranding

37、, sinking, burning, collision, or other named peril平安險War Risk: The possible aggressive actions against a ship and its cargo by a belligerent government. This risk can be insured by a marine policy with a risk clause.戰(zhàn)爭險Strike ， riots and civel commotion ：An insurance clause referring to loss or dam

38、age directly caused by strikers, locked-out workmen, persons participation in labor disturbances, and riots of various kinds. The ordinary marine insurance policy does not cover this risk; coverage against it can be added only by endorsement. 罷工、暴動、民變險Claim :an assertion of a right (as to money or p

39、roperty)索賠Disputes: dispute is a commencemenotf a conflict between statements of accepted fact and a new or unaccepted proposal that disagrees with, against, or the accepted or .爭議Penalty:the act of punishing 罰金條款Arbitration:(law) the hearing and determination of a dispute by animpartial referee agr

40、eed to by both parties仲裁Force Majeure: all events which are beyond the control of the Parties to this Contract, and which are unforeseen, unavoidable.8.or insurmountable, and which arise after the EffectiveDate and Which prevent total or partial performance by and P

41、arty. 不可抗力Arbitral tribunal: An arbitral tribunal (or arbitration tribunal) is a panel of one or more which is convened and sits to resolve a dispute by way of .仲裁庭Arbitration Clause:Is a standard clause to be included in thecontracts of exporters and importers, as suggested by the American Arbitrat

42、ion Association. It states that any controversy or claim will be settled by arbitration in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association. 仲裁條款Certificate of origin: A statement signed by the exporter, or his agent, and attested to by a local Chamberof Commerce,indicating that the

43、 goods being shipped, or a major percentage of them, originated and were produced in the exporters country 產(chǎn)地證明書Inspection certificate:A document certifying that merchandise (suchas perishable goods) was in goods condition immediately prior to shipment.品質(zhì)檢驗證書WTO：(World Trade Organization) an designe

44、d to superviseand . 世界貿(mào)易組織IMF ：(International Monetary Fund) an that oversees the byfollowing the of its member countries, in particular those with an impact on and the .國際貨幣基金組織EFTA ：(European Free Trade Association)a European trade blocwhich was established as an alternative for European states wh

45、o did not join the then-European Economic Community. 歐洲自由貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟AFTA： (ASEAN Free Trade Area) a agreement by the supporting local manufacturing in all ASEAN countries.東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)JCCT ：(China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 中美商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會?NAFTA：(North American Free Trade Area) a trilateral in createdby

46、the governments of the , , and .北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū) ?UNCTAD： (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)It is the principal organ of the dealing with trade, investment and development issues. 聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易與發(fā)展會議 ?GATT： (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) the outcome of the failure of negotiating government

47、s to create the (ITO). 關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定四、貿(mào)易價格術(shù)語. stocks mass nounthe capital raised by a business or corporation through the issue and subscription of shares資本，股本2. cash saleA legal term denoting a mercantile transaction in whichtitle to merchandise passes when the buyer pa

48、ys the seller. 現(xiàn)貨?3. purchase the acquisition of something for payment;購買, 進貨 ?4. bulk salesometimes called a bulk transfer, is a sale of goods by abusiness that represents all or substantially all of its inventory to a single buyer unless such a sale would be common in the ordinary course of its bu

49、siness.整批銷售，躉售 ?5. distribution channelsDistribution (or place) is one of the fourelements of marketing mix. An organization or set of organizations (go-betweens) involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by a consumer or business user. 銷售渠道 ?6. wholesal

50、e historically called jobbing, is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers, to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users, or to other wholesalers and related subordinated services.批發(fā) ?7. retail tradeRetailing consists of the sale of goods or merchandisefrom a f

51、ixed location, such as a department store or kiosk, or by post, in small or individual lots for direct consumption by the purchaser. 零售業(yè) ?8. hire-purchasemethod of buying something by paying over an extendedperiod 分期付款購買 ?9. exclusive right In Anglo-Saxon law, an exclusive right is a de facto, non-t

52、angible prerogative existing in law (that is, the power or, in a wider sense, right) to perform an action or acquire a benefit and to permit or deny others the right to perform the same action or to acquire the same benefit. 獨家經(jīng)營 / 專營權(quán)10. unfair competition Commercial conduct that the law views as u

53、njust. 不合理競爭 ?11. dumping selling goods abroad at a price below that charged in the domestic market 商品傾銷 ?12. antidumpingthe act of a manufacturer in one country exporting aproduct to another country at a price which is either below the price it charges in its home market or is below its costs of pr

54、oduction 反傾銷 ?13. unfavorable balance of tradeAn expression denoting a situationwhere a geographical entity (be it a nation,region,state,or city)imports more goods and services than it is used to descibe the situation for both individual goods or services and for all goods and services combined.貿(mào)易逆差

55、free trade Free trade exists when the inernational exchange of goods is neither restricted nor encouraged by government-imposed trade ,the determination of the distribution and level of international trade is left to the operation of market forces. 自由貿(mào)易non-tariff barriers Economic, political, admini

56、strative or legal impediments to trade other than duties, taxes and import quotas. 非關(guān)稅壁壘favorable balance of trade Any excess of credits over debits at the end of a given accounting period.貿(mào)易順差 ?partial shipment A process in which a store ships/provides only some of the goods/services in a single or

57、der. Therefore, the PostAuth amount would be less than the amount of the approved PreAuth for the order.分批裝運 ?restraint of trade mass noun(Law)action that interferes with free competition in a market (律) 貿(mào)易限制，貿(mào)易管制SettlementAs the sales transaction value moves from the merchantto the acquiring bank,

58、to the issuer, each party buys and sells the sales ticket. Settlement is what occurs whenthe acquiring bank and the issuer exchange data or funds during transactions. 清算, 交割trade consultation An act of process where advice is given or views are exchanged. 貿(mào)易磋商 ?bonded warehouse a customs-controlled

59、warehouse for the retention of imported goods until the duty owed is paid.保稅倉庫 ?chain debts Competitive products or knock-out products; blockbuster; core product ;Downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency 三 角 債 .sanctionA coercive measure adopted usually by several nationsacting t

60、ogether against a nation violating international law. 國際制裁customs bond Customs Bonds (also known as Surety Bonds) are required by the . Customs Service (Title 19 USC,section 1623) as a means to ensure that importers guarantee payment in the event that liquidated damages are assessed against shipment