賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞

1、v1.0可編輯可修改賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞一、賓語從句：置于動(dòng)詞、介詞等詞性后面，在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句分為三類：動(dòng)詞的賓語從句，介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語 從句。賓語從句過三關(guān):時(shí)態(tài)，語序，連詞。賓語從句的語序必須是陳述語序， 謂語動(dòng)詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞不定式，形式后面都能帶賓語從句，有些形容詞（afraid ，sure，glad等）之后也可以帶賓語從句。二、賓語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的用法在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語，引導(dǎo)詞有：連詞：that （that ?？墒÷裕?whether, if代詞： who, whose, what ,which畐寸詞： when ,where, how, wh

2、y 等。（一）that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（在非正式場合that可以省略）可跟that從句做賓語的動(dòng)詞有：say, think, in sist, wish, hope, dema nd, imag ine, won der, know, suppose,see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command,feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report 等。例句：The boy bel

3、ieves that he will travel through space to other planets.（注意事項(xiàng)：當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是thi nk, believe, suppose, expect等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時(shí)，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。）例句：I don t think it is right for him to treat you like that.在以下情況中that不能省略1、當(dāng)句中的動(dòng)詞后接多于兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可省， 但后面的that不可省。例句：He said (that) you were too young to und

4、erstand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.2、 當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時(shí)，that 一般不可省。例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master wasweari ng his fine gree n coat and his black silk cap.3、 當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時(shí)，that不可省。例句：I can t tell him that his mother died.(注意事項(xiàng)：許多帶復(fù)合賓語的句子，

5、that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到句子后部， 而用it作形式賓語。)例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.(二)由whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由whether(if)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，實(shí)際上是一般疑問句演變而來的。意思是“是 否”賓語從句要用陳述句語序。一般說來，在賓語從句中whether與if可以互 換使用，但在特殊情況下if與whether是不能互換的。例句：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.只能用whether，不能用if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1、

6、在帶to的不定式前例句： We decided whether to walk there.2、在介詞的后面例句：I m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.3、在動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句時(shí)例句： We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week4、直接與or not連用時(shí)例句：I can t say whether or not thet can come on time.只能用if不能用whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1、if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“如果”例句：The stude

7、nts will go on a picnic if it is sunny.2、if引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語從句時(shí)例句： He asked if I didn t come to school yesterday.3、 引導(dǎo)狀語從句even if（即使）和as if（好象）時(shí)例句： He talks as if he has known all about it.（三）連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句這樣的賓語從句實(shí)際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的，賓語從句要用陳述句語序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show,find

8、 out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise 等。英語中的連接代詞有：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中擔(dān)任 主語、賓語、定 語或者表語。例句： Can you tell me whom you are waiting for英語中的連接副詞有：when,where,why,how，在句中擔(dān)任 狀語的成分。例句： None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.三、賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序是 陳述句語序即

9、：連接代詞/副詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。例句： Could you tell me when the train will leave四、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)1、主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.2、主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句須用過去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。例句： She was sorry that she hadn t finished her work on time.3、當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是一個(gè)客觀真理或者事實(shí)時(shí)，即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句也 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例句：The teacher told his c

10、lass that light travels faster than sound.五、賓語從句的特點(diǎn)1、賓語從句可以作及物動(dòng)詞、介詞及形容詞的賓語。2、賓語從句的語序一律用陳述句語序。3、 連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句在句中無詞義，不充當(dāng)句子成份，多數(shù)情況下可以 省略。4、 whether和if 都可引導(dǎo)賓語從句，但 whether后可緊跟or not;whether從句可作介詞的賓語。5、 如果從句太長，可以用形式賓語it o【中考范例】1. Miss Green didn t tell usin 2002.A. where does she live B. Where she livesC

11、. where did she live D. where she lived（北京市中考試題）【解析】答案：a該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)。賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句 的語序和時(shí)態(tài)，所以應(yīng)選 D。2. Would you please tell me （上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題）A. when did he come home B. where he would play footballC. if he had seen the film D. why he didn t watch the game【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)。主句用的實(shí)際上是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句在這個(gè)句子里應(yīng)

12、用陳述句的語序和一般過去時(shí)。3. I don t know when.A. will the train leave B. the train will leaveC. would the train leave D. the train leave（哈爾濱市中考試題）【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時(shí)態(tài)。只有B在語序和時(shí)態(tài)上符合要求。4. - We don t know.-It is said that he was born in Swede n.（常州市中考試題）A. what he isB. if he lives hereC. where he comes from D

13、. which country is he from【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序。按照他們談?wù)摰脑掝}可知：他們說的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的語序不對(duì)，只有C正確、選擇填空。()1. What did Mike say He said.A. if you are free the n ext week B. what colour was itC. the weather is fineD. summer comes after spri ng()2. Tom asked my friend.A. where was he fromB. that the earth

14、is bigger tha n the moonC. whe n did he come back D. not to be so angry()3. Let me tell you.A.how muchis the carB.howmuchdoes the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how muchI spent on the car ()4. Peter knew.A. whether he has fini shed readi ng the bookB. why the boy had so many questi ons

15、C. there were 12 mon ths in a yearD. whe n they will leave for Paris()5. Could you tell meA. where do you live B. who you are wait ing forC. who were you waiting for D. where you live in()6. She told me the sunin the east.A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had rise n()7.1 cant understandthe boy alone.A. wh

16、y she left B. why did she leaveC. why she had left D. why had she left()8. I dont knowup so early last Sun day.A. why did he get B. why he getsC. why does he get D. why he got()9. The manager came up to see.A. what was the matter B. what the matter wasC. what the matter is D. whats the matter()10. H

17、e asked his father.A. where it happens B. where did it happenC. how it happe ned D. how did it happe n二、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句。1. “These flowers are from Guangdong.” Tom said.Tom saidthese flowersfrom Guan gdo ng.2. “Light travels faster than sound.” My teacher told Mark.My teacher told Marklightfaste

18、r tha n sound.3. “There will be a meeting in five days.” Jack didn t know.Jack didn t knowtherea meeting in five days.4. “Can they speak French ” I want to know.I want to knowFren ch.5. “Are the children playing games ” Tell me.Tell methe childre ngames.6. “Have you finished your homework yet ” Mr.

19、Guo asked Sun Jia.Mr. Guo asked Sun Jiahomework yet.7. How many people can you see in the picture Who knowsWho knowsin the picture8. Where did she park her car Do you knowDo you knowher car9. “What does he often talk about ” Nancy wondered.Nancy won deredofte nabout.10. Who knocked at the door so lo

20、udly I don t know.I don t knowat the door so loudly.三、用合適的連接詞填空。1. Jim told mehe did nt go fishi ng yesterday after noon.(how, why)2. Do you knowelse is going to be on duty today(who, whom)3. She saidit would nt matter much.(that, if )4. He always thi nkshe can do better.(how, who)5. I really dont k

21、nowthe bridge will be fini shed.(how long,how soon)6. They dont knowto go or wait.(if, whether )7. We are talking aboutwe ll go back tomorrow.(whether, if )8. I was really surprised atI saw.(where, what )9. I dont knowso many people are look ing at him.(how, why)10. Do you knowyou are studying for(why, what )四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. “ Do you want to try it ” Toms mother asked him.(同義句)f Toms mother asked himto try it.2. I thi nk this is a good idea.(改為否定句)f Ithisa good id