考研2010年英語真題答案詳細解析——并附有閱讀a原文翻譯、作文范文.doc

新浪考研2010年英語真題解析完形填空1選A主謂搭配詞義搭配解析文章首句提出IN1924AMERICASNATIONALRESEARCHCOUNCILSENTTWOENGINEERSTOSUPERVISEASERIESOFINDUSTRIALEXPERIMENTSATALARGETELEPHONEPARTSFACTORYCALLEDTHEHAWTHORNEPLANTNEARCHICAGO第二句是要說明這個實驗的目的。A項AFFECT意思是“影響，感動”；BACHIEVE意思是“達成，完成”；CEXTRACT意思是“提取，榨出”；DRESTORE是“恢復，重建”該句的意思是他們想通過實驗探究車間照明是如何影響工人的生產(chǎn)率的，所以答案是A從后面關于工廠女工的描述來看也應該選AFFECT。2選B動詞短語固定搭配解析本題考查了固定短語ENDUP的用法，ENDUP意思是“最終成為”，END和其它三個介詞的搭配都無此意，故選B3選C解析本句的大意為研究最終總結為一個極具影響力的概念“霍桑效應”，也正是這一實驗研究的行為改變了工人們的行為表現(xiàn)。所以這里應選擇C4選B解析本句后面的一句當照明燈變亮或變暗時，工人的時產(chǎn)量就會提高。作者這里表達的意思是這個問題之所以引起大家的注意是因為工廠女工的行為令人費解。四個選項中PERPLEXING意為“令人費解的、迷惑的”，所以正確答案為B5選C解析本句的含義是根據(jù)研究描述，當照明燈變亮或變暗時，工人的時產(chǎn)量就會提高。四個選項中有描述含義的是CACCOUNTS。B項的意思是解釋、說明，在這里是要反映實驗的狀況，而不是解釋實驗，所以排除。A和D項可以直接排除。6選B解析這句話的意思是實驗中做什么并不重要。DONOTMATTER固定表達，故選B。本句中有個分號，表示前后兩部分是解釋說明的關系。7選D解析考查SOLONGAS短語，意思是“只有”，句子意思是只要有改變，生產(chǎn)率就會上升，而不管你做了什么。本句中有個分號，表示前后兩部分是解釋說明的關系，和上一句一起理解。8A解析A項AWARENESS意思是“意識”，B項EXPECTATION意為“期望”，C項SENTIMENT意為“觀點，意見”，D項ILLUSION為“幻覺”，本句的大意是說工人知道自己本身是被研究對象這一意識就足以改變他們自己的行為。所以選A。9C解析見第8題解析。10D解析見第8題解析。11C解析SUBJECTN科目，主題，話題，題材，主觀，語主語N君主國國民，實驗對象ADJ服從的，易患的VT使隸屬，使服從，使遭遇；BESUBJECTEDTO表示“服從于，與一致，為固定短語。12選A解析CONTRARYTO表示“與相反”。上一段說了使人迷惑的事情，而本句所說的使人驚奇的，根據(jù)語境提示，空白處應該填入“與相反。13選A解析只有EVIDENCE一詞可與FOUND呼應，表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)或找到系統(tǒng)的證據(jù)”。14選D解析根據(jù)題意首先排除B項ENLIGHTENING和C項RELIABLE,如果選擇A項，則后面應該表達所要爭論的觀點，把A項排除。D項MISLEADING“欺騙性，誤導性的”，意思上來看，符合語境所表達的意思，從后面的舉例當中可以看出。15選B解析FOREXAMPLE，舉例說明上句的問題。16選A。解析DULY表示“準時地，在同一個時間地”，填入句中后意思表達更精確。17D解析根據(jù)題意是每周的第一個工作日和最后一個工作日產(chǎn)量都上升，與前句DULYROSE呼應，遞進說明問題，故應選CONTINUE。18選CBUT解析此句意思與前面的內容，故填入轉折詞BUT。19選BTENDED解析TENDTODO“傾向于做某事”，說明一種常規(guī)的事實。20選D。解析HIT能與APLATEAU搭配，意為“到達高地，觸及頂點”，句意才符合語境。CLIMBING也有達到的意思，但是比較緩慢，不符合題意。閱讀ATEXT1OFALLTHECHANGESTHATHAVETAKENPLACEINENGLISHLANGUAGENEWSPAPERSDURINGTHEPASTQUARTERCENTURY,PERHAPSTHEMOSTFARREACHINGHASBEENTHEINEXORABLEDECLINEINTHESCOPEANDSERIOUSNESSOFTHEIRARTSCOVERAGE?！究键c分析】滅絕師太常考THEMOST本句的意思是“過去這些年英語報紙上所發(fā)生的最有影響力的變化的可能是藝術評論的在報道范圍和嚴肅性的墮落”。ITISDIFFICULTTOTHEPOINTOFIMPOSSIBILITYFORTHEAVERAGEREADERUNDERTHEAGEOFFORTYTOIMAGINEATIMEWHENHIGHQUALITYARTSCRITICISMCOULDBEFOUNDINMOSTBIGCITYNEWSPAPERSYETACONSIDERABLENUMBEROFTHEMOSTSIGNIFICANTCOLLECTIONSOFCRITICISMPUBLISHEDINTHE20THCENTURYCONSISTEDINLARGEPARTOFNEWSPAPERREVIEWSTOREADSUCHBOOKSTODAYISTOMARVELATTHEFACTTHATTHEIRLEARNEDCONTENTSWEREONCEDEEMEDSUITABLEFORPUBLICATIONINGENERALCIRCULATIONDAILIES?！究键c分析】TOTHEPOINTOF“到地步”轉折?？?，出21題。“然而，在20世紀大量的最重要的批評集是有報紙評論組成的?！北揪鋸娬{20世紀的報紙評論數(shù)量很多。沿著上句的意思論述如今讀到這樣的書的人不禁會對下面這個事實感到驚訝這些評論之前竟然被認為適合在面向大眾的日報上刊登。21ITISINDICATEDINPARAGRAPHS1AND2THATAARTSCRITICISMHASDISAPPEAREDFROMBIGCITYNEWSPAPERS。BENGLISHLANGUAGENEWSPAPERSUSEDTOCARRYMOREARTSREVIEWS。CHIGHQUALITYNEWSPAPERSRETAINALARGEBODYOFREADERS。DYOUNGREADERSDOUBTTHESUITABILITYOFCRITICISMONDAILIES。【正確選項解析】B由第一段的DECLINEINSCOPE和第二段的ACONSIDERABLENUMBER都在強調以前的報紙關于藝術評論數(shù)量很多，所以選擇B【干擾選項分析】A比較容易排除。與第一段矛盾，原文只是說DECLINE,即下降，沒有說消失DISAPPEARC比較容易排除?！案哔|量的報紙未喪失大量的讀者”。無中生有。D強干擾項?！澳贻p的讀者懷疑報紙上的評論不合適”。原文牛津高階英漢雙解詞典MARVELVBEVERYSURPRISEDANDOFTENADMIRING大為驚訝常含贊嘆之意，表明其實讀者是贊同這些評論可以再報紙上刊登的。這里的DOUBT表示懷疑，所以與MARVEL意思相反。WEAREEVENFARTHERREMOVEDFROMTHEUNFOCUSEDNEWSPAPERREVIEWSPUBLISHEDINENGLANDBETWEENTHETURNOFTHE20THCENTURYANDTHEEVEOFWORLDWAR2,ATATIMEWHENNEWSPRINTWASDIRTCHEAPANDSTYLISHARTSCRITICISMWASCONSIDEREDANORNAMENTTOTHEPUBLICATIONSINWHICHITAPPEAREDINTHOSEFAROFFDAYS,ITWASTAKENFORGRANTEDTHATTHECRITICSOFMAJORPAPERSWOULDWRITEINDETAILANDATLENGTHABOUTTHEEVENTSTHEYCOVEREDTHEIRSWASASERIOUSBUSINESSANDEVENTHOSEREVIEWSWHOWORETHEIRLEARNINGLIGHTLY,LIKEGEORGEBERNARDSHAWANDERNESTNEWMAN,COULDBETRUSTEDTOKNOWWHATTHEYWEREABOUTTHESEMENBELIEVEDINJOURNALISMASACALLING,ANDWEREPROUDTOBEPUBLISHEDINTHEDAILYPRESSSOFEWAUTHORSHAVEBRAINSENOUGHORLITERARYGIFTENOUGHTOKEEPTHEIROWNENDUPINJOURNALISM,NEWMANWROTE,“THATIAMTEMPTEDTODEFINE“JOURNALISM“AS“ATERMOFCONTEMPTAPPLIEDBYWRITERSWHOARENOTREADTOWRITERSWHOARE“【考點分析】否定?？糢NFOCUSED出22題。承接上文，上文講我們的評論數(shù)量減少，這里繼續(xù)講我們甚至離20世紀初到二戰(zhàn)期間的報紙評論也相差很遠。EVENFARTHERREMOVEDFROM表明作者的惋惜之情。INDETAILANDATLENGTH“詳細的”SERIOUS“嚴肅的”CALLING“對做某項工作的強烈欲望或責任感”PROUD“驕傲”上面的這些詞都表明二戰(zhàn)前的報紙評論的風格。否定?？迹?3題。“因此，幾乎沒有人有足夠的智慧或文學天賦在新聞事業(yè)上成就自己，我更喜歡吧新聞事業(yè)定義為“被假作家恥辱地使用了的術語，對真作家來說，他們不足掛齒”。”其實本句話中NEWMANWROTE,后面的根本不需要看懂。22NEWSPAPERREVIEWSINENGLANDBEFOREWORLDWAR2WERECHARACTERIZEDBYAFREETHEMES。BCASUALSTYLE。CELABORATELAYOUT。DRADICALVIEWPOINTS?！菊_選項解析】AUNFOCUSED的英文解釋NOTCONCENTRATEDATONEPOINTORUPONONEOBJECTIVE,FREE的英文解釋是UNRESTRICTED，所以UNFOCUSEDFREE,屬于同義替換?！靖蓴_選項分析】B請看牛津高階英漢雙解詞典字典對CASUAL的解釋AMADEORDONEWITHOUTMUCHCAREORTHOUGHTOFFHAND不經(jīng)意的；隨便的；馬虎的；臨時的BDEROG貶SHOWINGLITTLECONCERNNONCHALANTIRRESPONSIBLE漠不關心的；無動於衷的；不負責任的CNOTMETHODICALORTHOROUGHNOTSERIOUS無條理的；不徹底的；不認真的。這幾個意思都是和INDETAILANDATLENGTH“詳細的”SERIOUS“嚴肅的”CALLING“對做某項工作的強烈欲望或責任感”PROUD“驕傲”相矛盾的。所以不選。C強干擾項。ELABORATE可以替換原文中的INDETAIL，但是LAYOUT布局無中生有，所以本題與原文不相符合。DRADICAL激進的無中生有。23WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGWOULDSHAWANDNEWMANMOSTPROBABLYAGREEONAITISWRITERSDUTYTOFULFILLJOURNALISTICGOALS。BITISCONTEMPTIBLEFORWRITERSTOBEJOURNALISTS。CWRITERSARELIKELYTOBETEMPTEDINTOJOURNALISM。DNOTALLWRITERSARECAPABLEOFJOURNALISTICWRITING?！菊_選項解析】D對同義替換。FEWNOTALL，HAVEBRAINSENOUGHORLITERARYGIFTENOUGHCAPABLEOF注意D選項中NOTALL屬于部分否定，語氣委婉，在選項中出現(xiàn)往往正確?！靖蓴_選項分析】AJOURNALISTICGOALS新聞業(yè)的目標，無中生有。B“作家成為記者是值得鄙視的?！迸c的PROUD自豪的相反。C“作者容易被新聞業(yè)吸引”。對偷梁換柱。原文說的是被DEFINE“JOURNALISM“AS所吸引，而不是被JOURNALISM所吸引。UNFORTUNATELY,THESECRITICSAREVIRTUALLYFORGOTTENNEVILLECARDUS,WHOWROTEFORTHEMANCHESTERGUARDIANFROM1917UNTILSHORTLYBEFOREHISDEATHIN1975,ISNOWKNOWNSOLELYASAWRITEROFESSAYSONTHEGAMEOFCRICKETDURINGHISLIFETIME,THOUGH,HEWASALSOONEOFENGLANDSFOREMOSTCLASSICALMUSICCRITICS,ANDASTYLISTSOWIDELYADMIREDTHATHISAUTOBIOGRAPHY1947BECAMEABESTSELLERHEWASKNIGHTEDIN1967,THEFIRSTMUSICCRITICTOBESOHONOREDYETONLYONEOFHISBOOKSISNOWINPRINT,ANDHISVASTBODYOFWRITINGSONMUSICISUNKNOWNSAVETOSPECIALISTS【考點分析】否定?？级问壮？?。“不幸的是，這些批評家?guī)缀醣煌浟??！毖哉Z之間是作者對報紙評論墮落的惋惜之情。是舉NEVILLECARDUS的例子來論證以前的評論家怎么被忘記的，可以略讀。ISTHEREANYCHANCETHATCARDUSSCRITICISMWILLENJOYAREVIVALTHEPROSPECTSEEMSREMOTEJOURNALISTICTASTESHADCHANGEDLONGBEFOREHISDEATH,ANDPOSTMODERNREADERSHAVELITTLEUSEFORTHERICHLYUPHOSTEREDVICWARDIANPROSEINWHICHHESPECIALIZEDMOREOVER,THEAMATEURTRADITIONINMUSICCRITICISMHASBEENINHEADLONGRETREAT?！究键c分析】特殊標點?？?，出25題。筆者在課堂中反復強調出現(xiàn)問號是必考的。“CARDUS那樣的評論會重現(xiàn)嗎不太可能”再一次點明了作者所討論的中心報紙行業(yè)的墮落DECLINE，要注意DECLINE與中的REVIVAL是反義詞。講理由，出24題。24WHATCANBELEARNEDABOUTCARDUSACCORDINGTOTHELASTTWOPARAGRAPHSAHISMUSICCRITICISMMAYNOTAPPEALTOREADERSTODAY。BHISREPUTATIONASAMUSICCRITICHASLONGBEENINDISPUTE。CHISSTYLECATERSLARGELYTOMODERNSPECIALISTS。DHISWRITINGSFAILTOFOLLOWTHEAMATEURTRADITION?！菊_選項解析】A說新聞業(yè)的品味已經(jīng)改變，讀者不需要HAVELITTLEUSEFOR他所擅長的風格，所以CARDUSSCRITICISM不可能復蘇。而ACARDUSSCRITICISM也許不能吸引當今的讀者。注意HAVELITTLEUSEFORNOTAPPEALTO同時本選項還有MAY,這個語氣委婉的詞，符合黃四“正確答案語氣委婉”?！靖蓴_選項分析】B原文沒有提到他的名聲有爭議，所以無中生有。C“他的風格符合現(xiàn)在的專家”與本段最后一句相矛盾。D移花接木，是利用最后一句話編造的選項。25WHATWOULDBETHEBESTTITLEFORTHETEXTANEWSPAPERSOFTHEGOODOLDDAYSBTHELOSTHORIZONINNEWSPAPERSCMOURNFULDECLINEOFJOURNALISMDPROMINENTCRITICSINMEMORY【正確選項解析】主旨題，可以利用串線法解出本題。第一段開宗明義過去這些年英語報紙上所發(fā)生的最有影響力的變化的可能是藝術評論的在報道范圍和嚴肅性的墮落DECLINE。第二段承接第一段的意思。第三段首句“不幸的是，這些批評家?guī)缀醣煌浟恕！毖哉Z之間是作者對報紙評論墮落的惋惜之情。第四段“CARDUS那樣的評論會重現(xiàn)嗎不太可能”再一次點明了作者所討論的中心報紙行業(yè)的墮落DECLINE，所以C令人惋惜的新聞業(yè)的墮落。MOURNFUL是大綱詞匯?！靖蓴_選項分析】A“報紙行業(yè)過去的黃金歲月”。沒有點出作者對現(xiàn)在的報紙的惋惜之情B“報紙行業(yè)的消失的視野”本選項的錯誤類型和A一樣。D“記憶中的杰出的評論家”本文的中心不是懷戀過去，而是批判現(xiàn)在的墮落。TEXT2OVERTHEPASTDECADE,THOUSANDSOFPATENTSHAVESEENGRANTEDFORWHATARECALLEDBUSINESSMETHODSAMAZONCOMRECEIVEDONEFORITS“ONECLICK”O(jiān)NLINEPAYMENTSYSTEMMERRILLLYNCHGOTLEGALPROTECTIONFORANASSETALLOCATIONSTRATEGYONEINVENTORPATENTEDATECHNIQUEFORLYINGABOX。本段是背景段，講過去的事情。只需看懂第一句“過去的幾十年中，上千個商業(yè)方法被授予專利。”NOWTHENATIONSTOPPATENTCOURTAPPEARSCOMPLETELYPROPERTYLAWYERSABUZZTHEUSCOURTOFAPPEALSFORTHEFEDERALCIRCUITSAIDITWOULDUSEAPARTICULARCASETOCONDUCTABROADREVIEWOFBUSINESSMETHODPATENTSINTHEBILSKI,ASTHECASEISKNOWN,ISA“VERYBIGDEAL”，SAYSDENNISDCROUCHOFTHEUNIVERSITYOFMISSOURISCHOOLOFLAWIT“HASTHEPOTENTIALTOELIMINATEANENTIRECLASSOFPATENTS?！北径无D折?！皩靡粋€案例來全面審查商業(yè)方法專利”。最后一句“它有可能排除一種專利即上文的BUSINESSMETHODPATENT”26BUSINESSMETHODPATENTSHAVERECENTLYAROUSEDCONCERNBECAUSEOFATHEIRLIMITEDVALUETOBUSINESSBTHEIRCONNECTIONWITHASSETALLOCATIONCTHEPOSSIBLERESTRICTIONONTHEIRGRANTINGDTHECONTROVERSYOVERAUTHORIZATION選C，根正苗紅的同義替換。POSSIBLEPOTENTIAL，ELIMINATERESTRICTIONA無中生有B用第一段的一個小例子中的細節(jié)捏造選項DCONTROVERSY無中生有。27WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGISTRUEOFTHEBILSKICASEAITSRULINGCOMPLIESWITHTHECOURTDECISIONSBITINVOLVESAVERYBIGBUSINESSTRANSACTIONCITHASBEENDISMISSEDBYTHEFEDERALCIRCUITDITMAYCHANGETHELEGALPRACTICESINTHEUS。選DPOTENTIALMAY,CHANGE對應著第一段和第二段之間的轉折。從本段的REVIEW，ELIMINATE也可以看出這是一種轉折。全文一直沒有講BILSKICASE的判決的結果，而AC都是在講其判決結果，所以與原文相反。B是從原文“A“VERYBIGDEAL”字面意識出發(fā)設置的干擾選項。ABIGDEAL其實在英文中的意思是“重要”，而不是“生意TRANSACTION”本題D還有MAY,正確答案往往語氣委婉，所以更加確定選這個選項。CURBSONBUSINESSMETHODCLAIMSWOULDBEADRAMATICABOUTFACE,BECAUSEITWASTHEFEDERALCIRCUITITSELFTHATINTRODUCEDSUCHPATENTSWITHIS1998DECISIONINTHESOCALLEDSTATESTREETBANKCASE,APPROVINGAPATENTONAWAYOFPOOLINGMUTUALFUNDASSETSTHATRULINGPRODUCEDANEXPLOSIONINBUSINESSMETHODPATENTFILINGS,INITIALLYBYEMERGINGINTERNETCOMPANIESTRYINGTOSTAKEOUTEXCLUSIVEPINHTSTOSPECIFICTYPESOFONLINETRANSACTIONSLATER,MOVEESTABLISHEDCOMPANIESRACEDTOADDSUCHPATENTSTOTHEIRFILES,IFONLYASADEFENSIVEMOVEAGAINSTRIVALSTHATMIGHTBENTTHEMTOTHEPUNCHIN2005,IBMNOTEDINACOURTFILINGTHATITHADBEENISSUEDMORETHAN300BUSINESSMETHODPATENTSDESPITETHEFACTTHATITQUESTIONEDTHELEGALBASISFORGRANTINGTHEMSIMILARLY,SOMEWALLSTREETINVESTMENTFILMSARMEDTHEMSELVESWITHPATENTSFORFINANCIALPRODUCTS,EVENASTHEYTOOKPOSITIONSINCOURTCASESOPPOSINGTHEPRACTICE。28THEWORD“ABOUTFACE”LINE1,PARA3MOSTPROBABLYMEANSALOSSOFGOODWILLBINCREASEOFHOSTILITYCCHANGEOFATTITUDEDENHANCEMENTOFDISNITY本題是詞匯題，一定要返回原文通過上下文解題。BECAUSE之前是說對BUSINESSMETHOD的約束CURBS，而BECAUSE之后說的是“正是聯(lián)邦審判引入了BUSINESSMETHOD”，所以二者之間自然表明了是“態(tài)度的轉變”。所以選CTHEBILSKICASEINVOLVESACLAIMEDPATENTONAMETHODFORHEDGINGRISKINTHEENERGYMARKETTHEFEDERALCIRCUITISSUEDANUNUSUALORDERSTATINGTHATTHECASEWOULDBEHEARDBYALL12OFTHECOURTSJUDGES,RATHERTHANATYPICALPANELOFTHREEANDTHATONEISSUEITWANTSTOEVALUATEISWEATHERITSHOULD“RECONSIDER”ITSSTATESTREETBANKRULING。本段第一句話沒有看懂，直接跳過。第二句講“聯(lián)邦審判要求這個案子要12個法官審，而不是普通的3人小組，并且要求判斷是否要重新考慮之前的BANKRULING”由本句可以排除29ATHEFEDERALCIRCUITSACTIONCOMESINTHEWAKEOFASERIESOFRECENTDECISIONSBYTHESUPREMECOUNTTHATHASNARROWEDTHESCOPEOFPROTECTIONSFORPATENTHOLDERSLASTAPRIL,FOREXAMPLETHEJUSTICESSIGNALEDTHATTOOMANYPATENTSWEREBEINGUPHELDFOR“INVENTIONS”THATAREOBVIOUSTHEJUDGESONTHEFEDERALCIRCUITARE“REACTINGTOTHEANTI_PATENTTRENDATTHESUPREMECOURT”，SAYSHAROLECWEGNER,APARTENDATTORNEYANDPROFESSORATAEORGEWASHINGTONUNIVERSITYLAWSCHOOL。INTHEWAKEOFAFTER。第一句最高法院已經(jīng)減少了對專利持有者的保護PROTECTION。而29C減少了對專利持有者的尊重ESTEEM。其中ESTEEM是對PROTECTION的偷梁換柱。第二句舉例子。法官發(fā)出信號TOOMANY過多的專利被授予了，表明法院認為很多BUSINESSMETHOD不應該被授予，所以選BTOOMANYOFTENUNNECESSARILYD無中生有。29WELEARNFROMTHELASTTWOPARAGRAPHSTHATBUSINESSMETHODPATENTSAAREIMMUNETOLEGALCHALLENGESBAREOFTENUNNECESSARILYISSUEDCLOWERTHEESTEEMFORPATENTHOLDERSDINCREASETHEINCIDENCEOFRISKS見上文的解析。本題AB兩項相反必去其一。30WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGWOULDBETHESUBJECTOFTHETEXTAALOOMINGTHREATTOBUSINESSMETHODPATENTSBPROTECTIONFORBUSINESSMETHODPATENTHOLDERSCALEGALCASEREGARDINGBUSINESSMETHODPATENTSDAPREVAILINGTRENDAGAINSTBUSINESSMETHODPATENTS選擇A。首先排除B，與原文相反。C大帽子。AD的選擇有一定難度。用串線法解題。第一段講過去BUSINESSMETHOD很容易被授予專利。其中第一段的最后一句話已經(jīng)暗含著對這種做法的反對。第二段轉折將會用一個案例來全面審查商業(yè)方法專利。第三段對BUSINESSMETHOD的約束CURBS是法院態(tài)度的巨大轉變。最后一段明確提出REACTINGTOTHEANTIPATENTTRENDATTHESUPREMECOURT。要注意的是原文始終沒有說BILSKICASE的判決，因此只是一個LOOMING隱約地出現(xiàn)的DANGER，而不是已經(jīng)盛行的趨勢。TEXT3INHISBOOKTHETIPPINGPOINT,MALCOLMALADUELLARGUESTHAT“SOCIALEPIDEMICS”AREDRIVENINLARGEPARTBYTHEACTIONSOFATINYMINORITYOFSPECIALINDIVIDUALS,OFTENCALLEDINFLUENTIALS,WHOAREUNUSUALLYINFORMED,PERSUASIVE,ORWELLCONNECTEDTHEIDEAISINTUITIVELYCOMPELLING,BUTITDOESNTEXPLAINHOWIDEASACTUALLYSPREAD?！究键c分析】因果?？糄RIVEN，出31題A。MALCOLMALADUELL的觀點“社會流行的東西在很大程度上是有一小部分有影響力的人發(fā)動的，這些人見多識廣，有說服力”轉折?？?，出31題B。“這個觀點不能解釋思想是如何傳播的”。要注意IDEASACTUALLYSPREADSOCIALEPIDEMICS這就意味著作者認為INFLUENTIAL對HOWIDEASACTUALLYSPREAD作用不大，不起DRIVEN驅動的作用。31BYCITINGTHEBOOKTHETIPPINGPOINT,THEAUTHORINTENDSTO_。AANALYZETHECONSEQUENCESOFSOCIALEPIDEMICSBDISCUSSINFLUENTIALSFUNCTIONINSPREADINGIDEASCEXEMPLIFYPEOPLESINTUITIVERESPONSETOSOCIALEPIDEMICSDDESCRIBETHEESSENTIALCHARACTERISTICSOFINFLUENTIALS?！菊_選項解析】B本題是說明作者目的題。由上文的分析可知選本選項。【干擾選項分析】A與原文相反。本文討論的是原因DRIVEN，而本題是說結果CONSEQUENCE。C本段沒有提到人們的直覺的反應INTUITIVERESPONSE。只是說“作者認為這個觀點從直覺上看是吸引人的”。所以無中生有D偏離中心INFLUENTIAL對SOCIALEPIDEMICS的作用。只是中的細節(jié)。THESUPPOSEDIMPORTANCEOFINFLUENTIALSDERIVESFROMAPLAUSIBLESOUNDINGBUTLARGELYUNTESTEDTHEORYCALLEDTHE“TWOSTEPFLOWOFCOMMUNICATION”INFORMATIONFLOWSFROMTHEMEDIATOTHEINFLUENTIALSANDFROMTHEMTOEVERYONEELSEMARKETERSHAVEEMBRACEDTHETWOSTEPFLOWBECAUSEITSUGGESTSTHATIFTHEYCANJUSTFINDANDINFLUENCETHEINFLUENTIALS,THOSESELECTPEOPLEWILLDOMOSTOFTHEWORKFORTHEMTHETHEORYALSOSEEMSTOEXPLAINTHESUDDENANDUNEXPECTEDPOPULARITYOFCERTAINLOOKS,BRANDS,ORNEIGHBORHOODSINMANYSUCHCASES,ACURSORYSEARCHFORCAUSESFINDSTHATSOMESMALLGROUPOFPEOPLEWASWEARING,PROMOTING,ORDEVELOPINGWHATEVERITISBEFOREANYONEELSEPAIDATTENTIONANECDOTALEVIDENCEOFTHISKINDFITSNICELYWITHTHEIDEATHATONLYCERTAINSPECIALPEOPLECANDRIVETRENDS【考點分析】因果?？糄ERIVEFROM轉折?？糂UT否定?？糢NTESTED段首常考特殊標點?？济疤枺?2題。請看SUPPOSED在牛津高階英語詞典的英文解釋ONLYBEFORENOUNUSEDTOSHOWTHATYOUTHINKTHATACLAIM,STATEMENTORWAYOFDESCRIBINGSB/STHISNOTTRUEORCORRECT,ALTHOUGHITISGENERALLYBELIEVEDTOBE。這就意味著SUPPOSED后面的東西在本質上都是作者反對的?！斑@種INFLUENTIAL的假象的重要性來源于一個貌似合理但是實質上未經(jīng)檢驗的TWOSTEPFLOWOFCOMMUNICATION的理論”。講商人接受了這一錯誤觀點。中的SEEMS中的CURSORYSEARCH草率的搜索中的ANECDOTALEVIDENCE傳聞的證據(jù)這幾個詞組都表明作者對這個理論持反對態(tài)度。32THEAUTHORSUGGESTSTHATTHE“TWOSTEPFLOWTHEORY”_。ASERVESASASOLUTIONTOMARKETINGPROBLEMSBHASHELPEDEXPLAINCERTAINPREVALENTTRENDSCHASWONSUPPORTFROMINFLUENTIALSDREQUIRESSOLIDEVIDENCEFORITSVALIDITY【正確選項解析】D由可知這個理論是未經(jīng)檢驗的UNTESTED，這就意味著“需要可靠的證據(jù)證明其有效性”REQUIRESSOLIDEVIDENCEFORITSVALIDITY。所以本題是同義替換之正話反說。【干擾選項分析】A與作者對該理論的反對態(tài)度矛盾。B這個理論似乎SEEMS可以解釋某些流行的趨勢，SEEM這個詞表明作者其實是反對這個說法的。C偷換概念，偷換了中的MARKETERINTHEIRRECENTWORK,HOWEVER,SOMERESEARCHERSHAVECOMEUPWITHTHEFINDINGTHATINFLUENTIALSHAVEFARLESSIMPACTONSOCIALEPIDEMICSTHANISGENERALLYSUPPOSEDINFACT,THEYDONTSEEMTOBEREQUIREDOFALLTHERESEARCHERSARGUMENTSTEMSFROMASIMPLEOBSERVATIONABOUTSOCIALINFLUENCE,WITHTHEEXCEPTIONOFAFEWCELEBRITIESLIKEOPRAHWINFREYWHOSEOUTSIZEPRESENCEISPRIMARILYAFUNCTIONOFMEDIA,NOTINTERPERSONAL,INFLUENCEEVENTHEMOSTINFLUENTIALMEMBERSOFAPOPULATIONSIMPLYDONTINTERACTWITHTHATMANYOTHERSYETITISPRECISELYTHESENONCELEBRITYINFLUENTIALSWHO,ACCORDINGTOTHETWOSTEPFLOWTHEORY,ARESUPPOSEDTODRIVESOCIALEPIDEMICSBYINFLUENCINGTHEIRFRIENDSANDCOLLEAGUESDIRECTLYFORASOCIALEPIDEMICTOOCCUR,HOWEVER,EACHPERSONSOAFFECTED,MUSTTHENINFLUENCEHISORHEROWNACQUAINTANCES,WHOMUSTINTURNINFLUENCETHEIRS,ANDSOONANDJUSTHOWMANYOTHERSPAYATTENTIONTOEACHOFTHESEPEOPLEHASLITTLETODOWITHTHEINITIALINFLUENTIALIFPEOPLEINTHENETWORKJUSTTWODEGREESREMOVEDFROMTHEINITIALINFLUENTIALPROVERESISTANT,FOREXAMPLE,THECASCADEOFCHANGEWONTPROPAGATEVERYFARORAFFECTMANYPEOPLE?！究键c分析】承上啟下。研究者推翻了上文的錯誤觀點。無需看懂。研究者的理由來自關于社會影響的簡單的觀察。即使最有影響力的人也不會與太多的人交流。是TWOSTEPFLOWTHEORY理論。轉折?？汲?3題?！懊恳粋€受影響的人必須要影響他的熟人，他的熟人再影響自己的熟人”，這也就因為是SOCIALINTERACTION。33WHATTHERESEARCHERSHAVEOBSERVEDRECENTLYSHOWSTHAT_。ATHEPOWEROFINFLUENCEGOESWITHSOCIALINTERACTIONS。BINTERPERSONALLINKSCANBEENHANCEDTHROUGHTHEMEDIA。CINFLUENTIALSHAVEMORECHANNELSTOREACHTHEPUBLIC。DMOSTCELEBRITIESENJOYWIDEMEDIAATTENTION。【正確選項解析】A由可知，ASOCIALEPIDEMICTOOCCURTHEPOWEROFINFLUENCE，HISORHEROWNACQUAINTANCESSOCIALINTERACTION可以明確的同義替換。GOESWITH與相伴而生?！靖蓴_選項分析】B本段沒有提到媒體增加人際聯(lián)系。無中生有。CCHANNEL渠道無中生有D“大多數(shù)名人有很大的媒體影響力”無中生有。34THEUNDERLINEDPHRASE“THESEPEOPLE”INPARAGRAPH4REFERSTOTHEONESWHO_。ASTAYOUTSIDETHENETWORKOFSOCIALINFLUENCEBHAVELITTLECONTACTWITHTHESOURCEOFINFLUENCECAREINFLUENCEDANDTHENINFLUENCEOTHERSDAREINFLUENCEDBYTHEINITIALINFLUENTIAL【正確選項解析】本題可以看做是指代詞具體是指代的對象。指代的對象一定是向前指代，往前找最近的名詞。中“每一個受影響的人必須要影響他的熟人，他的熟人再影響自己的熟人”所以THESEPEOPLE就是指這些“被影響并且影響別人的人”【干擾選項分析】CA“在社會影響的網(wǎng)絡之外”與原文相反。B強干擾項。說的是“HOWMANYOTHERSPAYATTENTIONTOEACHOFTHESEPEOPLE”與INITIALINFLUENTIALTHESOURCEOFINFLUENCE無關，而B偷換為“THESEPEOPLE”與INITIALINFLUENTIALTHESOURCEOFINFLUENCE接觸不多。BUILDINGONTHEBASICTRUTHABOUTINTERPERSONALINFLUENCE,THERESEARCHERSSTUDIEDTHEDYNAMICSOFSOCIALCONTAGIONBYCONDUCTINGTHOUSANDSOFCOMPUTERSIMULATIONSOFPOPULATIONS,MANIPULATINGANUMBEROFVARIABLESRELATINGTOPEOPLESABILITYTOINFLUENCEOTHERSANDTHEIRTENDENCYTOBEINFLUENCED?！究键c分析】35WHATISTHEESSENTIALELEMENTINTHEDYNAMICSOFSOCIALINFLUENCEATHEEAGERNESSTOBEACCEPTEDBTHEIMPULSETOINFLUENCEOTHERSCTHEREADINESSTOBEINFLUENCEDDTHEINCLINATIONTORELYONOTHERS【正確選項解析】CTHEREADINESSTOBEINFLUENCED由本段最后一句可知社會影響的動力要素是人們影響別人的能力以及被別人影響的傾向性。所以選C?！靖蓴_選項分析】B錯在IMPULSE突如其來的念頭A錯在ACCEPTD錯在RELYON。解法二BC符合黃二。但是由第四段最后一句IFPEOPLEINTHENETWORKJUSTTWODEGREESREMOVEDFROMTHEINITIALINFLUENTIALPROVERESISTANT,FOREXAMPLETHECASECADEOFCHANGEWONTPROPAGATEVERYFARORAFFECTMANYPEOPLE。尤其是RESISTANT可知更強調的是“被影響”TEXT4注本文含有的生詞和難句較多，考研閱讀的原則是過難的單詞和句子一定不會出題，在考場上緊緊抓住能看懂的句子即可，因為文章上下文的意思都是有密切關聯(lián)的。筆者把本文無需看懂的句子用刪除線標出來，以便于學生更好的復習。示例NOTTHEPRICEMANAGERSANDREGULATORSWOULDLIKETHEMTOFETCH。第一部分36題BANKERSHAVEBEENBLAMINGTHEMSELVESFORTHEIRTROUBLESINPUBLICBEHINDTHESCENES,THEYHAVEBEENTAKINGAIMATSOMEONEELSETHEACCOUNTINGSTANDARDSETTERSTHEIRRULES,MOANTHEBANKS,HAVEFORCEDTHEMTOREPORTENORMOUSLOSSES,ANDITSJUSTNOTFAIRTHESERULESSAYTHEYMUSTVALUESOMEASSETSATTHEPRICEATHIRDPARTYWOULDPAY,NOTTHEPRICEMANAGERSANDREGULATORSWOULDLIKETHEMTOFETCH。【考點分析】“臺面上，銀行家們將他們的麻煩歸咎于己身，臺面下，他們一直把目標對準他人會計準則制定者?！迸_上臺下，表里不一，暗含了作者對銀行家的虛偽的否定，對無辜者STANDARDSETTERS的同情。講具體的抱怨的內容?！般y行業(yè)抱怨會計規(guī)則迫使他們報告巨大損失，認為這不公平?！倍呦啾缺爻隹键c。出36題。進一步描述會計規(guī)則的內容。“規(guī)則認為他們必須以第三方付出價格來評估部分資產(chǎn)的價值，而非按照管理者和監(jiān)管者期望該資產(chǎn)能夠獲得的價格。”本句其實只要看懂“THESERULESSAYTHEYMUSTVALUESOMEASSETSATTHEPRICEATHIRDPARTYWOULDPAY,NOT”NOT后面無需看懂，只要知道是與NOT前面不一樣的方法。36BANKERSCOMPLAINEDTHATTHEYWEREFORCEDTO_。AFOLLOWUNFAVORABLEASSETEVALUATIONRULESBCOLLECTPAYMENTSFROMTHIRDPARTIESCCOOPERATEWITHTHEPRICEMANAGERSDREEVALUATESOMEOFTHEIRASSETS?！菊_選項解析】A36題COMPLAINMOAN，NOTFAIRUNFAVORABLE,VALUESOMEASSETSASSETEVALUATION所以本題屬于根正苗紅的同義替換。【干擾選項分析】B對偷梁換柱。把VALUE偷換為COLLECT。C與原文相反。錯誤一原文說“THESERULESSAYTHEYMUSTVALUESOMEASSETSATTHEPRICE。，NOTTHEPRICEMANAGERSANDREGULATORSWOULDLIKETHEMTOFETCH”明確說“規(guī)則不讓按照MANAGERS的期待的價格評估”，所以這與COOPERATE合作相反。錯誤二原文中沒有提到PRICEMANAGER這個概念，MANAGERSANDREGULATORSWOULDLIKETHEMTOFETCH。是定語從句來修飾PRICE。DREEVALUATE重新評估無中生有。第二部分37題UNFORTUNATELY,BANKSLOBBYINGNOWSEEMSTOBEWORKINGTHEDETAILSMAYBEUNKNOWABLE,BUTTHEINDEPENDENCEOFSTANDARDSETTERS,ESSENTIALTOTHEPROPERFUNCTIONINGOFCAPITALMARKETS,ISBEINGCOMPROMISEDAND,UNLE