人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下unit5講解與練習(xí)

-Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?Section A1. What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm.1) 本句為過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示在過(guò)去某時(shí)間某動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，由“助動(dòng)詞was/were+v.-ing”。 - What were you doing at nine yesterday morning? -I was playing in the park.2) at the time of 在.的時(shí)候What were you doing at the time of the earthquake.2. My alarm didnt go off so I _ up late. Go off 意為”（鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲The alarm went off at 6:30.A car alarm went off in the middle of the night.3. I _ to the bus stop but I still missed the bus. 我_ 到公共汽車候車亭，但我還是沒趕上公共汽車。Hurry up, or you will miss your train.I got up late so I missed the early bus. 拓展：1） miss 作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“想念、思念” 2）miss 作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“缺課”4. 。When the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing?1) 此處when作從屬連詞，意為“當(dāng)。時(shí)候”， 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間可以與主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)、之前后之后。My mother was cooking supper when I got home.She began to play the piano when she was five years old.2) suddenly 副詞，意為“突然，忽然”在句子中多修飾動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞，作狀語(yǔ)。I suddenly remembered that I didnt bring my key.It all happened so suddenly.5. I called again at eight and you didnt answer then either.此處either 是副詞， 意為“也”，只用于否定句。Either 用于否定句，一般放在句末。I dont like physics and he doesnt like it either.Also一般用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句常放在句中。She speaks English and she also writes English.Too 一般用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句，常放在句末。Are you going to work, too?拓展：either作代詞，意為（兩者中的）一個(gè)。Here are two books. You can take either of them.6. Why did you call so many times?So many 意為“那么多”，修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞。7. So while you are sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me.此處while 作從屬連詞，意為“當(dāng)。時(shí)候，在。期間”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的過(guò)程中發(fā)生，或者主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，且持續(xù)時(shí)間一般較長(zhǎng)。He fell asleep while he was listening to music.While “當(dāng)。時(shí)候”，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，常用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)中。While we were talking, he came in.When “當(dāng)。時(shí)候”，其謂語(yǔ)可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。The sun was rising when we got to the top of the mountain.拓展 while 與when 在過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)中位置的轉(zhuǎn)換：While John was playing the piano, Mary left the house.John was playing the piano when Mary left the house.(2011山東青島) Tom rushed into the house _ his mother was cooking.A. as B. before C. while D. After8. With no light outside, it felt like midnight.此處light 作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“光、光線”拓展1) light 作可數(shù)名詞，意為“電燈、光源” Dont cross the road when the traffic lights are red.2) Light 作形容詞，意為“輕的、淺的”Is the box heavy or light?I like the light green dress.3) light （lit/lighted) 作動(dòng)詞，意為“點(diǎn)燃、照亮”He sat down and lit a cigarette.9. Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.1. Wood 作不可數(shù)名詞， 意為“木材，木頭”, a piece of wood 意為“一塊木頭”He put some wood in the fire.拓展 wood 作可數(shù)名詞，意為“樹林”She is afraid to walk through the woods at night.2. Make sure 意為“務(wù)必、確保、確認(rèn)”，后面常接that 從句或of 短語(yǔ)。Make sure that you put down every word she says.We must make sure of it.10. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.1) beat (beat, beaten)不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“敲打；（風(fēng)雨等）沖擊；（心臟、脈搏等）跳動(dòng)Someone was beating on the door.拓展beat 作及物動(dòng)詞，意為”打、敲、打敗”Whos beating the drum?We beat them by 3:2.2) against 作介詞，此處意為“觸、碰、撞、倚、靠”The rain beat against the car windscreen.He was throwing a ball against the wall.拓展 against 作介詞，還意為“反對(duì)、違反”They are against the plan.That is against the law.11. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.fall asleep 為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)、睡著”Die down 固定短語(yǔ)，意為“逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失”1) Asleep 作形容詞，意為“睡著”，常作表語(yǔ)，無(wú)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。He is asleep on the sofa.2) Sleepy “困倦的、寂靜的”I feel sleepy. Im going to bed.3) Sleeping “睡著的”，作定語(yǔ)；還可以表示與睡有關(guān)的東西，如睡袋：sleeping bag, 臥鋪車廂：sleeping car, 安眠藥：sleeping pill.12. When he woke up, the sun was rising. 1）Wake up 意為“醒來(lái)；把。叫醒”，可以不帶賓語(yǔ)，也可以接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。Please wake me up at five oclock tomorrow morning.2) Rise (rose, risen) 作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為 “上升、升起”The river rose yesterday afternoon.辨析 rise 與raiseRise “升起；提高；增加”作不及物動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)常為物。 Raise “升起；提高；增加”，主語(yǔ)常為人。The girl raise the box to the truck.13. Although the storm broke many things apart; it brought families and neighbors closer together.1) 此處bring (brought, brought) 作使役動(dòng)詞，意為“促使”They brought things right. 他們使事情正確。14. But luckily, the river was fine.Luckily 作副詞，意為“幸運(yùn)地；幸虧”作狀語(yǔ)。拓展1）lucky 作形容詞，意為“幸運(yùn)的；有好運(yùn)的”2） luck 作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“好運(yùn)；幸運(yùn)；運(yùn)氣” Good luck to you！15. The roads were ice because of the heavy snow from the night before.Icy作形容詞，意為“結(jié)冰的；冰冷的；冷淡的”拓展 ice 作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“冰”The ice is thick enough to skate on.英語(yǔ)中，一些與天氣有關(guān)的名詞，加后綴-y 可構(gòu)成相應(yīng)的形容詞。Iceicy; frostfrosty; cloudcloudy; rainrainy; snowsnowy; windwindy; sunsunny; fogfoggySection B1. On this day, Dr. Martin Luther King was killed.Was killed 意為“被殺害”，是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由助動(dòng)詞waswere +過(guò)去分詞 構(gòu)成。當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者或不清楚動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)來(lái)表示。The bridge was built last year by workers.2. My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.1) the rest of 意為“剩余的”We eat some of the butter and keep the rest of it for breakfast.Tom is from England and the rest of us are from China.2) silence 不可數(shù)名詞，意為“沉默、緘默、無(wú)聲”，短語(yǔ) in silence, 意為 “沉默、無(wú)聲”拓展 silent 形容詞，意為“寂靜的、無(wú)聲的”He kept silent when he heard the news.3. I was so scared that i could hardly think clearly think clearly after that. 1) scared 形容詞， 意為“害怕的；恐懼的”，常作表語(yǔ)，近義詞為“afraid”She is scared of mice.2) hardly 副詞，意為“幾乎不；幾乎沒有”，表示否定He hardly does homework.辨析：Hardly 副詞，意為“幾乎不”She was so excited that she could hardly sleep.Hard 形容詞，意為“難的；硬的”；She found it hard to decide. 副詞，意為“努力地；猛烈地” We should work hard.(2013. 山東臨沂）David was so excited at the good news that he could _ say a word.A nearly B hard C ever D hardly4. September 11, 2001 the date alone means something to most people in the US.1）此處alone 作副詞，意為“只有；僅僅”常用于名詞或代詞后You alone can help me. 只有你才能幫助我。辨析： alone 與onlyAlone “只有；僅僅”常用于被修飾的名詞或代詞后Only “只有；僅僅”，要放在所修飾的名詞或代詞前2） 此處mean ( meant,meant) 作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“意思是”This sign means that cars must stop.What does this word mean?拓展 meaning 是名詞，意為“意思；含義”，既是可數(shù)名詞，又是不可數(shù)名詞。What is the meaning of the life?The word “mean” has several meanings.5. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.Have trouble (in) doing sth.意為”做某事有困難或麻煩”，類似的詞組還有：have problemsdifficulty (in）doing sth. Thousands of people have trouble falling asleep.He had no trouble finding a job.（2012. 貴州畢節(jié)） I have _in learning English and Im so worried. Could you help me with it? Sure, Id love to.A joy B interest C trouble D fun6. But when I pointed it out to my friend, it went away.1) point out 意為“指出”，人稱代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)放在動(dòng)詞之后，副詞之前。There is a mistake in this sentence. Can you pint it out?拓展 1 point 作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“指向”，常與介詞at,to, towards, 等連用She pointed at me, laughing.2 Points 作可數(shù)名詞，意為”點(diǎn)；要點(diǎn)”Lets discuss the difficult points in the passage.2） go away 意為“離去”7. While my brother was laughing, the television news reported that other people had seen the light as well.1) had seen 為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，由助動(dòng)詞had+過(guò)去分詞 構(gòu)成I realized that i had left my homework at home.2) as well 相當(dāng)一個(gè)副詞，意為“還，也”， 只用于疑問(wèn)句或肯定句，常放在句末。Are they coming as well?辨析 as well 與as well asAs well副詞，意為“還，也”She speaks Japanese as well.As well as “既。又。；不僅。而且?！弊鞑⒘羞B詞 She grows flowers as well as vegetables.語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成及用法由助動(dòng)詞waswere +v.ing構(gòu)成，表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如then, at that time, yesterday, at 8:00 yesterday morning, all night以及whenwhile 從句等I was reading a bok in the library at that time.They were having an English class at 9:00 yesterday morning.He was reading a story-book when the teacher came in.2. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本句式1） 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+waswere+v.-ing+其他I was sleeping at ten oclock last night.2） 否定句：主語(yǔ)+wasntwerent +v.-ing+其他I wasnt sleeping at ten oclock last night.3) 疑問(wèn)句：WasWere +主語(yǔ)+v.-ing+其他？Were you sleeping at ten oclock last night?Yes, I was. No, I wasnt.(2013. 天津) I saw him in the library yesterday. He _ a book at that moment.A reads B is reading C was reading D will read短語(yǔ)歸納1. Wait for 等候 2. Look for 尋找3. Go off （鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲 4. Take a shower洗澡；淋浴5. Pick up 接電話 6. Make sure務(wù)必；確保7. Have fun 玩的開心 8. Fall asleep入睡；睡著9. Die down 逐漸變?nèi)酰恢饾u消失 10. Wake up醒來(lái)；叫醒11. In a mess 凌亂不堪；亂七八糟 12. Clean up打掃干凈；整理13. In times of difficulty 在困難時(shí)期 14. Take photos拍照15. Play the piano 彈鋼琴 16. Turn on 打開17. Listen to the radio 聽收音機(jī) 18. Right away立刻；馬上19 have a look 看 20. Get to到達(dá)21. Because of 因?yàn)?22. Make ones way行走；前進(jìn)23. In silence 沉默地；無(wú)聲地 24. Take down摧毀；拆卸；記下25. Tell the truth 說(shuō)實(shí)話 26. Point out指出27. Go away 消失；離開 28. As well也29. Three times a week 一周三次 30. Call out喊出 用法集萃1. Be busy doing sth. 忙著做某事2. See sb. sth. Doing sth.看見某人某物正在做某事3. Beginstart to do sth.開始做某事4. Try to do sth.努力做某事5. Its +adj.+to do sth.做某事是。的Have trouble （in）doing sth 做某事有困難單元練習(xí)一 單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. After my alarm clock every morning , I get up and get dressed . A turns on B turns off C goes on D goes off ( )2.Thank you very much ,I cant pass the test your help . A with B because of C because D without ( )3. Look! The cat _ from the tree. Yes. It_ the tree just now. A. is jumping down; climbed upB. is jumping down; is climbing up C. jumps down; was climbing upD. jumps down; climbed( )4. What were you doing _last Sunday morning? A. at B. inC. overD. / ( )5. While I was at the _, I heard a nurse_ Davys name. A. doctors; callB. doctors; to call C. doctors; callingD. doctors; called ( )6.The boy with two dogs _in the yard when the earthquake hit the city. A. is playingB. are playing C. were playingD. was playing( )7. My father was reading a newspaper while my mother _ dinner.A. is cookingB. cooksC. was cookingD. will cook( )8.All the students were sleeping _they heard a man _“help”.A. when ; shouting B. while; to shout C. when ; to shout D. while; shouted( )9 The rainstorm came while Ann _ her purse in the classroom.A. was looking for B. looked for C. is looking at D. looks at( )10. .I went to the moon and took a walk there last night .A Good luck B Good idea C Youre kidding D Best wish ( )11. “They are filling the bags with clothes.” means theyre _ A putting their clothes away B. putting their clothes into the bags C. putting down their clothes D. putting on their clothes( )12.Mr. Black talked about his son with the teacher the phone.A. by B. on C. in D. with( )13 What are you doing ? I am thinking about at the class meeting. A. how say B. what say C. how to say D. what to say( )14. Dad, could you please drive ? No hurry. We have enough time before the plane takes off. A. faster B. fastest C. more slowly D. more carefully( )15. I tried several jackets on, but _ of them looked good. A. both B. either C. none D. neither( )16.When the man downstairs knocked at the door, I_. A.am doing houseworkB. was doing housework C. were doing houseworkD. am going to do housework ( )17. There is a blackboard_ our classroom. Our teacher was standing _ the blackboard at this time yesterday. A. in front of; in the front ofB. in the front of; on C. in the front of; in front ofD. in front of; in( )18.Its five oclock now . My mother dinner in the kitchen . A was making B is making C makes D made( )19.At that time ,they needed some to make a fire . A light B match C wind D wood( )20.My father books in the room at this time yesterday . A was seeing B was reading C is reading D read( )21.Ben and his friends walked silence .A home in B to home C to home at D home ( )22.What your parents at this time yesterday ? A was; doing B did; do C were; doing D are; doing( )23.What a rain ! Its raining so . A heavily ; heavy B heavy ;heavy C heavily ; heavily D heavy ; heavil