新概念英語3_Lesson 13.ppt

Lesson13,Itsonlyme,HappyHalloween,IWarmup,Doyouthinkthesepicturesarebeautiful?Aretheyfrightening?Whatkindofpartymaythisbe?(Thefancy-dressparty.)Whatkindoffestivalmayitbe?(TheHalloween.October31,celebratedintheUnitedStates,Canada,andtheBritishIslesbychildrengoingdoortodoorwhilewearingcostumesandbeggingtreatsandplayingpranks.諸圣日前夕，萬圣節(jié)前夕10月31日，在美國、加拿大以及英倫諸島的孩子們穿著化裝服走家串戶接受款待并且做些惡作劇以慶祝這個節(jié)日),Halloween,Halloweenisoneoftheworldsoldestholidays,celebratedinseveralcountriesaroundtheworldincludingtheUSA,Canada,England,Ireland,Scotland,Mexico,LatinAmerica,andSpain.TheCelticpeopleslivedover2,000yearsagoIntheplacethatisnowIreland,theUnitedKingdom,andNorthernFrance.HalloweensoriginsdatebacktotheancientCelticfestivalofSamhain(sow-in).FortheCelticpeoples,theNewYearwascelebratedonNovember1stofeveryyear.ThisdatemarkedtheendofSummerandthebeginningofWinter.Andthistimeofyearoftenassociatedwithhumandeath.,Activities,Theywearcostumes.Theyplaytrick-o-treat.Theyplaypinata.Theywatchscarymovies.Theyvisithauntedhouses.,costumen.化裝服consistv.由組成sheetn.effectiveadj.有明顯效果的，有作用的comfortableadj.舒適的,storeroomn.儲藏室electricityn.電metren.電表pacen.一步fleev.逃走slamv.砰地關(guān)上,IINewwordsresideorlie在于或存在,有一個基礎(chǔ)Phrase:consistineg.Thebeautyoftheartistsstyleconsistsinitssimplicity.這位藝術(shù)家的風(fēng)格上的美在于它的簡樸Thebeautyoftheplanconsistsinitssimplicity.這個計(jì)劃妙就妙在簡明扼要。(3)tobecompatible;accord調(diào)和的；符合：Phrase:consistwitheg.Theinformationconsistswithheraccount.這消息與她的描述是一致的Theoryshouldconsistwithpractice.理論應(yīng)與實(shí)踐相一致。,prise,compose,constitute,表示“組成”的意思還可以用comprise,becomposedof,constitute。comprisev.(1)toconsistof;becomposedof;toincludeorcontain由構(gòu)成/組成;包含,包括(fml.)e.g.Thecommitteecomprisesfivepersons.該委員會由五人組成。Theunioncomprises(iscomprisedof)50states.聯(lián)邦由50個州組成Thehousecomprisestenrooms.(2)tocompose;constitute組成；構(gòu)成(infml.)e.g.FiftystatescomprisetheUnion.50個州組成聯(lián)邦。TwentychapterscompriseBookOne.第一卷有二十章。,composevt.tomakeuptheconstituentpartsof;constituteorform(由各部分)組成,構(gòu)成,形成Bodyiscomposedofparts./Partscomposebody.e.g.England,ScotlandandWalescomposetheislandofGreatBritain.英格蘭、蘇格蘭和威爾士構(gòu)成大不列顛島。Concreteiscomposedofcement,sandandgravelmixedwithwater.混凝土由水泥、砂、石子與水摻和而構(gòu)成。Wateriscomposedofhydrogenandoxygen.水是由氫和氧組成的。,prise,compose,constitute,constitutevt.tobetheelementsorpartsof;compose構(gòu)成(的部分或成分)；組成Partsconstitutebody.Bodyisconstitutedofparts.e.g.Sevendaysconstituteaweek.Twelvemonthsconstituteayear.七天構(gòu)成一個星期。十二個月構(gòu)成一年。England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandconstitutetheUnitedkingdom.=TheUnitedkingdomisconstitutedofEngland,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIreland.英格蘭、威爾士、蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭組成聯(lián)合王國。Correctgrammarandsentencestructuredonotinthemselvesconstitutegoodwriting.正確的語法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)本身并不能構(gòu)成一篇好文章。,prise,compose,constitute,3.effective,effectiveadj.(usu.ofthings,sometimesofpeople)havinganintendedorexpectedeffect;operative;ineffect（多指物，偶爾指人）有效的,具有預(yù)期或先見效果的;有效的實(shí)施中；生效的e.g.aneffectivemethod有效方法aneffectiveleader一位得力領(lǐng)導(dǎo)takeeffectivemeasures采取有效措施Afterthegovernmenthadtakensomeeffectivemeasures,pricesbegantoleveloff.政府采取了一些有效措施后,物價(jià)開始穩(wěn)定了。Thelawiseffectiveimmediately.這項(xiàng)法律立即生效。Themedicineisaneffectivecureforaheadache.這種藥治頭痛有很好的療效。,3.effective,近義詞：efficientefficientadj.(ofpeople)abletoworkwell,capable（指人）高效的,能勝任的，有能力的（esp.oftools,machines,systems,etc.)exhibitingahighratioofoutputtoinput（尤指工具、機(jī)器、系統(tǒng)等）有效力的，功效大的，產(chǎn)出與投入比值高的e.g.anefficientsecretary能干的秘書anefficientmanager稱職的經(jīng)理efficientmethods經(jīng)濟(jì)而有效的方法Thisnewcopymachineismoreefficientthantheoldone.這臺新復(fù)印機(jī)比那臺舊的效率高。,fortable,comfortableadj.舒適的,舒服的反義詞：uncomfortable同根詞：comfortn.舒適adj.安慰e.g.takecomfortinbeofgoodcomfort放心，振作起來coldcomfort不起作用的安慰comfortstation公共廁所discomfortn.不舒適,不安,不方便,vt.使不舒服(不安),使苦惱,使不便e.g.Inspiteofdiscomfortsheisdeterminedtostayhere.shewasdiscomfortedbyabadcold.,5.flee,flee(fledfled)vt.vi.(1)torunaway(from),asfromtroubleordanger:(從)逃跑,從困難或險(xiǎn)境中逃跑eg.Thedriverfledthesceneoftheaccident.司機(jī)從肇事地點(diǎn)逃跑了。Theenemyfledindisorder.敵人潰逃了。Theprisonerfledfromtheprisonintothenight.囚犯從監(jiān)獄逃到茫茫黑夜中。Thecatfledfromthedog.貓從狗那里逃走了。(2)Topassswiftlyaway;vanish飛逝,迅速消失；消亡,消散eg.Colorfledfromhercheeks.紅暈從她的雙頰上消失了。,5.flee,近義詞：escapevt.vi.(1)tobreakloosefromconfinement;getfree(from);tToavoidcapture,danger,orharm逃走，逃脫監(jiān)禁；得到自由;逃避,逃脫捕獲、危險(xiǎn)或傷害e.g.Henarrowlyescapeddeath.他九死一生。Nothingescapedhisattention.什么也逃不過他的注意。Tenprisonershadescaped(fromtheprison).十個罪犯越獄而逃。(2)toissuefromconfinementoranenclosure;leakorseepout漏出,滲漏或泄露,從限制和環(huán)繞中流出來，(不自覺地）由發(fā)出：e.g.Gaswasescaping.煤氣漏出來。Asighescapedmylips.我不禁嘆了口氣。,6.slam,slamvt.vi.(1)bang,toshutwithforceandloudnoise砰然關(guān)上,用力關(guān)并發(fā)出很大的聲音eg.Heslammedthedoor.他砰地一下關(guān)上了門。Thedoorslammed.(2)toput,throw,orotherwiseforcefullymovesoastoproducealoudnoise猛力投擲，猛力放置為了弄出很大的聲音而放、扔或做其它有力的運(yùn)動eg.Heslammedthebookonthedesk.他呼的一下把書扔到了桌子上。(3)tohitorstrikewithgreatforce用力打擊用極大的力打或擊eg.Thecarslammedintoatruck.那輛小轎車撞到了一輛卡車上。,TextStudy,1.Shewastooexcitedtodoanyhouseworkthatmorning,forintheeveningshewouldbegoingtoafancydresspartywithherhusband.,(1)tooto太而不能不定式to,在大部分情況下，表示否定概念。not/nevertooto：并不太所以能夠e.g.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，學(xué)到老Thequestionisnottoodifficultformetoanswer.(2)在一些動詞后，如learn,find,see,hear,betold可用不定式作結(jié)果狀語。e.g.Helivedtoseehisinventionscometosuccess.Hewokeuptofindeveryonegone.,在不定式前加only，表示意想不到的，出乎意料的結(jié)果.e.g.Hehurriedtothepostofficeonlytofinditwasshut(closed).Hewenttohishouseonlytofindhimout.如果在副詞too前發(fā)現(xiàn)修飾語all,butonly,不定式to的概念也是肯定的。e.g.Theyarealltoosatisfiedtoworkwithyou.他們都非常滿意很想和你一起工作Iamonlytoogladtohavesomeonetospeakto.我太高興了，很想找個人說話Hewasbuttooeagertogethome.他太急于要回家了。,2.Sheintendedtodressupasaghostandasshehadmadehercostumethenightbefore,shewasimpatienttotryiton.,(1)“and”connectsacompoundstatement;inthelatterclausethesecond“as”introducesanadverbialclauseofreason.“and”連接并列句，并列句的后一個分句內(nèi)又出現(xiàn)了第二個“as”引起的原因狀語從句。(2)intendtodosth:plantodoormeantodo打算做某事，想要做某事e.g.Iintendtogohomenow.Weintendedtoattendtheexhibition,butcouldntrentthebooth.Iintendedtotelephoneyou,butIwastoobusyandjustforgotaboutit.Ididntintendtoberude.,(3)dressup喬裝打扮，穿上盛裝dressupas打扮成,化裝成eg.Shelikestodressupforaparty.她喜歡把自己打扮得漂漂亮亮去參加晚會。Thechildrendressedthemselvesupaspirates.孩子們化裝成海盜的樣子。HedressedupasFatherChristmas.(4)trysthon試穿eg.Youshouldhavetrieditonbeforeyouboughtthatpairofshoes.Iboughtanewdress,butIhaventtrieditonyet.Tryonyournewhatandletmehavealook.,(5)beimpatienttodo:=eager,anxious,hungry,thirsty,desperate,cantwaittodo急于做某事e.g.Theworkerwasimpatienttodohiswork.Hewasimpatienttogethome.他迫不及待想要回家。Theyareimpatientforjobsandsecurity.他們渴望得到工作，獲取安全感。Ourteacherisimpatientwithslowstudents.(adj.不耐煩的）,2.Sheintendedtodressupasaghostandasshehadmadehercostumethenightbefore,shewasimpatienttotryiton.,IIITextStudy,Explainthetext:Afterputtingiton,Mrs.Richardswentdownstairs.（1）Paraphrase:Aftershe(had)putiton,Mrs.Richardswentdownstairs.（2）Structure:Afterputtingiton:prep.gerundusedasadverbialoftime介詞動名詞一起做時(shí)間狀語puton,pullon,tryon(takeoff,pulloff),dresssb,dressupwear,haveon,bein,bedressedin,3.Shewantedtofindoutwhetheritwouldbecomfortabletowear.,(1)Paraphrase:Shewantedtosee/knowwhetherhercostumewouldbecomfortabletowear.=Shewantedtosee/knowwhetheritwouldbecomfortabletowearhercostume.(2)structure:“it”referstothecostume;動詞不定式towear用來修飾說明comfortable,作狀語。Thebookisdifficulttoread.Thedressiseasytowash.Yourhandwritingiseasytorecognize.Thisjacketwouldbecomfortable(forher)towear.,(3)補(bǔ)充：表達(dá)被動概念1).不定式或動名詞的主動形式：Themusicissweettohear.Thedictionaryisworthbuying.“需要”可以用need/want+v-ing來表示。Themachineneedsrepairing.2).“under+名詞”表達(dá)被動的意味。e.g.ThehouseisunderconstructionThepumaisundercontrolTheproblemisstillunderdiscussionThethiefisunderarrest.,4.Shehadtoldhimtocomestraightinifevershefailedtoopenthedoor.,(1)Paraphrase:Shehadtoldhimtocomestraightinifshefailed/forgottoopen(ifshehappenednottoopen)thedoor.ever：adj.用于語條件句，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，作“碰巧，任何時(shí)候，任何場合”講。Ifever=whenevere.g:IfeveryouseeGeorge,givehimmybestregards.WheneverheisintroubleIllbeonthespot.straight:adv.directly徑直地，直接地e.g.Letsgetstraightdowntobusiness.Hewentstraighttothepoint.他開門見山。,(2)failtodosth:neglect/forgettodosth,happennottodosth,leavesthundone忘記做，碰巧未做，沒有做e.g.Shefailedtowashthedishes.她忘了洗盤子。Hefailedtocometomeetme.他沒來接我。（他忘了來接我）,5.Notwantingtofrightenthepoorman,Mrs.Richardsquicklyhidinthesmallstoreroomunderthestairs.,（1）Paraphrase:Becauseshedidnotwanttofrightenthepoorman,Mrs.Richardsquicklyhidinthesmallstoreroomunderthestairs.（2）Structure:Notwantingtofrightenthepoorman:presentparticipleusedasadverbialofreason現(xiàn)在分詞短語做原因狀語多用于句首；也可插入句中，位于主語和謂語之間。e.g.Notwantingtomakehernervous,thedoctordidntfullyexplaintheseriousnessofcondition.=Thedoctor,notwantingtomakehernervous,didntfullyexplaintheseriousnessofhercondition.,6.Mrs.RichardsrealizedthatitmustbethemanfromtheelectricityBoardwhohadcometoreadthemetre.,(1)mustbe:certainguessaboutthepresent表對當(dāng)時(shí)的肯定猜測(2)structure:“that”introducesanobjectiveclause；intheobjectiveclause“who”introducesanattributiveclausetomodify“theman”.“that”引導(dǎo)賓語從句，賓語從句內(nèi)“who”引導(dǎo)定語從句。(3)readthemetre抄電表read+n.(儀表),表示讀出上面的數(shù)字還可以說：readonesmind猜出某人的心思readonespalm看指紋,7.Shetriedtoexplainthesituation,sayingitsonlyme.,（1）Paraphrase:Shetriedtoexplainthesituation,andsaiditsonlyme.（2）Structure:“sayingitsonlyme”:presentparticipleusedasadverbialofaccompanyingstate現(xiàn)在分詞短語做伴隨狀語e.g.Hefled,slammingthedoorbehindhim.(Line16)(Slamming,現(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語或伴隨狀語,說明fled的情況),8.Themanletoutacryandjumpedbackseveralpaces.,letoutacry:giveacry,cryout,shout發(fā)出一聲大叫l(wèi)etout:togiveforth,express發(fā)出，表達(dá)e.g.letoutascream/roar發(fā)出一聲尖叫/吼叫，呼嘯Thepatientletou