英語(yǔ)人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì).doc

Unit 8 Section A 3 (Grammar Focus 4a-4c)Step1 Learning aims1. 復(fù)習(xí)鞏固現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的含義及用法。2. 復(fù)習(xí)鞏固現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，并能熟練運(yùn)用。3. 鞏固現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have(has)+done4. Emotion aim:Books are good teachers and good friends.Step 2 Warm up Read the following sentences we have seen.Have you read Little Women yet? Yes, I have./ No, I havent. Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? Yes, she has. She thinks its fantastic.Have you decided which book to write about yet?Yes, I have. Ive already finished reading it. It was really good.Step3 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法1. 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 e.g. Have you had your lunch yet? Yes, I have. Ive just had it. (現(xiàn)在我不餓了。)2. 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且可能還要繼續(xù)下去。 e.g. I havent seen her these days. Ive known Bob for three years. Ive been at this school for over two years. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)already, yet, just, ever, never, before構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由“助動(dòng)詞have / has+ 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成的，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成與過(guò)去式相同，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞則需逐個(gè)記憶。 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的變化和過(guò)去分詞的變化并不完全相同。我們對(duì)它們作了一個(gè)大致的分類。 (注：例子中單詞的變化順序?yàn)椋簞?dòng)詞原形 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞)一、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的變化相同規(guī)則變化：1. 一般在動(dòng)詞詞尾直接加ed。如：pick picked picked; wish wished wished; stay stayed stayed2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后面加d。如：like liked liked; hope hoped hoped; phone phoned phoned3. 以“輔音字母 + y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，再加-ed。如：study studied studied; hurry hurried hurried; reply replied replied4. 詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)動(dòng)詞，要雙寫輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop stopped stopped; clap clapped clapped不規(guī)則變化：5. 以不變應(yīng)萬(wàn)變。如：let let let; put put put; read read read6. 若中間有雙寫e，則去掉一個(gè)e，單詞末尾再加t。如：feel felt felt; keep kept kept; sleep slept slept7. 結(jié)尾的字母d變t。如：lend lent lent; build built built; send sent sent8. 變?yōu)橐?ought或-aught結(jié)尾。如：buy bought bought; bring brought brought; catch caught caught; teach taught taught句式1. 肯定句：主語(yǔ) + have / has + 過(guò)去分詞 (+ 其他)2. 否定句：主語(yǔ) + have / has + not + 過(guò)去 分詞(+ 其他)3. 一般疑問句：have/ has + 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞(+ 其他)4. 特殊疑問句：1) 特殊疑問詞 (不是句子主語(yǔ)) + have / has + 主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞 (+ 其他)2) 特殊疑問詞(是句子主語(yǔ))+have / has+過(guò)去分詞(+ 其他)already和yet都可以作為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞，但它們的用法不同。already一般用于肯定句中。如：We have already cleaned up our classroom.注意：already用于疑問句中時(shí)通常表示驚奇。如：Have you finished your homework already? I cant believe it.yet一般用于疑問句和否定句中。如：Have you seen her yet?The bus hasnt come yet.活學(xué)活用Write the forms of the past tense and past participle: drink _ _ see _ _ find _ _ leave _ _ tell _ _ Why is Mr. Yang still in the teachers office? Maybe he _ his work yet. A. doesnt finish B. hasnt finished C. havent finishedStep 4 Exercises 1.Have you finished your homework? _ . Just half of it. How about you? A. Not at all. B. Not likely C. Not a bit D. Not yet2. Julies father _ to London last month. He _ there three times. A. went; had gone B. has gone; has been C. went; has been D. has been; had gone 3. Anna, have you _ seen Chians Got Talent? Of course . I _ it last weekend. A. never; saw B. ever; have seen C. never; have seen D. ever; sawStep 5 中考鏈接( )【2013廣西貴港】 Do you know the movie Lost in Thailand? Yes. I _ it twice. Its funny. A. saw B. see C. have seen D. will see ( )【2013黑龍江牡丹江】 Lunch? No, thanks. I_. A. will eat B. am eating C. have eaten( )【2013 湖北黃岡】 Where is Tom? We cant find him anywhere. Perhaps he _ home. A. has come B. is going C. went D. was going Step 6. Summary: 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)含義： 1. 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 2. 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且可能還要繼續(xù)下去。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already, yet, just, ever, never, before構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have (has) + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞 Step 7. Saying1.Reading ten thousan