大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀第二冊(cè)(修訂本)練習(xí)試卷5含答案及講解.doc

華東理工大學(xué)繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院成人教育基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)（二級(jí)）模擬試卷五I. Vocabulary and structure (30%)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. The machine is named _ its inventor. A) with B) to C) by D) after 2. Education may not _ much today, but it will tomorrow. A) mean by B) count C) hint D) hope 3. The two political parties have been in _ since the election. A) struggle B) battle C) conflict D) quarrel 4. It would be unwise to _ too much importance to what he said.A) indicate B) attach C) provide D) pay5. The doctor soon made the worried patient feel _.A) at ease B) in private C) at rest D) in peace 6. Recently the OPEC decided to increase the oil prices, and this almost led to an economic _.A) problem B) crisis C) danger D) uncertainty7. The rooms had been booked _ before I arrived there.A) in advance B) in detail C) in generalD) in all8. It was a(n) _ caused by the weak lights that made me think I saw a man in the shadows.A) impression B) imagination C) vision D) illusion9. The _ to steal is greater than ever before especially in large shops.A) temptation B) lure C) attraction D) charm10. Lets put up some pictures on the _ walls. A) blank B) empty C) bare D) hollow 11. They have developed techniques which are _ to those used in most factories. A) more talentedB) betterC) greaterD) superior12. Man must stop _ the earths atmosphere.A) fillingB) emittingC) pollutingD) wasting13. Unfortunately, very few sheep _ the severe winter last year.A) survivedB) enduredC) spentD) remained alive14. The two boys has so _ in common that they soon became good friends. A) littleB) fewC) muchD) many15. I suddenly realized that he was trying to _ quarrelling with me. A) considerB) enjoyC) avoidD) prevent16. The three hours I spent in the school library _ my old passion for reading.A) brought aboutB) brought overC) brought forthD) brought back17. Thousands of people _ to see the parade (游行). A) turned offB) turned outC) turned upD) turned over18. Here are some toys. You can _ one or two for your little son as birthday gift from me. A) single outB) pick outC) take outD) work out19. Susan wants to know whether the measures have been agreed _.A) toB) withC) overD) upon20. Dont _ a car thief by leaving the keys in the car. A) arouseB) temptC) intendD) invite21. Social sciences such as psychology and sociology are concerned with the study of human _. A) incidentB) evidenceC) indicationD) behavior22. So far the management has made no _ to the workers demand for higher wages. A) responseB) admissionC) conservationD) investigation23. Meat easily _ in summer season. A) becomes badlyB) changes worseC) turns badlyD) goes bad24. The noise around was terrible, but I had to _ it. A) keep away fromB) keep up withC) live withD) live on25. I expect to _ many difficulties in the course of this job.A) solveB) causeC) encounterD) emerge26. This machine is very complicated. Once _, it can hardly be put together again.A) taken awayB) taken outC) taken backD) taken apart27. He was a(n) _ person in spite of his great success. A) ambitiousB) modestC) profoundD) incompetent28. It was not long _ the police knew where the suspect was and came to arrest him. A) afterB) whenC) beforeD) until29. _ appearances, they are probably Japanese. A) Judged B) Considered C) Judging with D) Judging by30. It was a long drive to get to the beach and we three took the wheel (駕駛) _.A) by returnB) on turnC) in returnD) in turn II. Reading comprehension (30%)Directions:There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage: It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only “remembering” things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat.Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 “words” ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a persons memory is in terms of words and combinations of words.31. According to the passage, memory is considered to be _.A) the basis for decision making and problem solvingB) an ability to store experiences for future useC) an intelligence typically possessed by human beingsD) the data mainly consisting of words and combinations of words32. The comparison made between the memory capacity of a large computer and that of a human being shows that _.A) the computers memory has a little bigger capacity than a teenagersB) the computers memory capacity is much smaller than an adult human beingsC) the computers memory capacity is much smaller even than a teenagersD) both A and B33. The whole passage implies that _.A) animals are able to solve only very simple problems B) a persons memory is different from a computers in every respectC) only human beings have problem-solving intelligenceD) animals solve problems by instincts rather than intelligence34. The phrases “in terms of” in the last sentence can best be replaced by _.A) in connection withB) expressed byC) consisting inD) by means of35. The topic of the passage is _.A) Memory is of vital importance to life.B) What would life be like without memory?C) How is a persons memory different from an animals or a computers?D) What is contained in memory?Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The earliest films were short, lasting only one minute or less. People could, for one cent, see simple action films of trains, fire engines, parades, crowds on city streets, and similar subjects. Soon 20-minute pictures of news items were being shown in theaters at the end of the regular stage show. Later, films used a new method (putting the beginning of one scene upon the end of the scene before) for magical effects and to tie a story together. In 1903 a film was made about a train robbery. Much of the action took place at the same time-the robbers escaping, the men meeting and planning to capture them-and the scenes moved smoothly, back and forth, from one scene to another instead of unnaturally showing each scene separately. This was the earliest successful film in which scenes were filmed at different places and times and they combined to make a logical story. A short time later, theaters showed for five cents a whole hours entertainment of short films-comedy, travel, and drama. These films were simple and rough, and many were vulgar. Gradually, the audiences improved as the techniques improved.Before 1910 actors were employed in films without their names being given, because the producers were afraid that, if an actor became well known, he might demand more money. But later it became known that a film with a popular actor in it could be sold at a higher price to theater owners than could a film in which the actor was not known. Soon movie star won fame wherever films were shown. By 1915 the more popular stars were earning as much as $2,000 a week, and large theaters were being built downtown in all the larger cities to show films alone. The films shown in those theaters were of several types: comedies, emphasizing speed, movement, and camera tricks; westerns, which showed, then as now, the American cowboy fighting on the side of law and justice; murder mysteries and crime stories, and special films on art, music, and other cultural subjects.36. Pictures of paradox shown in the first films went on for no more than_.A) one minuteB) 20 minutesC) a whole hourD) about two minutes37. It was not until 1903 that people began to make films_.A) by using magical effectsB) by naturally joining the scenes together in a storyC) at a railroad stationD) by putting the beginning of one scene upon the end of another38. The first successful film in which the pictures were taken at different places and times and then put together logically was about _.A) a train accidentB) the robbery of a trainC) a story of a trainD) the capturing of the robbers39. It was most likely that movie stars began to appear _.A) as early as 1903 B) not until 1910C) in 1915D) after 191540. This passage is mainly about _.A) modern movie developmentB) early movie starsC) various types of films in the early 20th centuryD) history of film-makingQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage: On May 13, 1787, a fleet of English ships set sail for Australia with about 750 people. These men and women were no ordinary passengers. They were convicts (罪犯) being sent to Australia as punishment for their crimes.Laws in England during this period were very harsh, and people were punished severely for even the smallest crimes. A man could be sentenced to death for hunting on another mans property or he could be put to death for chopping down someone elses tree. For many other crimes, the punishment was “transportation” (流放). The guilty person was shipped to a distant land where he was forced to work without pay. Often women and children were shipped to other land, too.In 1770, Captain Cook had discovered the continent of Australia and claimed it for England. At first, England found no use for this vast land on the other side of the world, but then the American Revolution took place. England could no longer ship her convicts to the American colonies. So she turned to Australia as a good place for her prisoners.A former naval captain was picked to accompany the convicts to the new colony. His job was to help them build a settlement which he would govern. The captain was glad to go. He believes the convicts could learn to live in peace. He felt they would obey the laws in new country.In January 1788, the English fleet and its stranger cargo landed in Australia. After days of searching, the captain found a fine harbor. The land nearby had tree and streams. The convicts colony made a new beginning here. Australias history had begun.41. What is implied but not directly stated in the passage? A) People were not often punished in England long ago. B) Englands laws have changed very much since 1787. C) Laws in England remain the same since 1787. D) Captain Cook claimed Australia for the convicts.42. On the whole, the article tells about _.A) a fleet of English ships B) hunting on other peoples propertyC) a convict settlement in Australia D) the transportation of Cook43. Which statement does the article lead you to believe? A) A new chance may de good for many people. B) All English fleets have very stranger cargo. C) The men on the English ships were ordinary. D) Captain Cook could not govern the new country.44. Why did England sent convicts to Australia? A) It wanted to make Captain Cook happy about Australia. B) It wanted convicts to find a fine harbor and good land. C) It could not feed its overpopulation. D) It could no longer send convicts to America.45. Which statement seems true according to the passage? A) Former naval captains always start new colonies. B) The American Revolution took place in Australia. C) A great country may grow from a small colony. D) Convicts are not easy to be governed.III. Cloze (10%)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Smoking, which may be a pleasure for some people, is a serious source of discomfort for their fellows. _46_, medical authorities express their _47_ about the effect of smoking _48_ the health not only _49_ those who smoke but also of those who do not. In fact, non-smokers who must _50_ inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoke may _51_ more than the smokers themselves.As you are doubtless _52_, a considerable number of our students have _53_ in effort to _54_ the university to ban smoking in the classrooms. I believe they are _55_ right in their aim. _56_, I would hope that it is _57_ to achieve this by _58_ on the smokers to use good judgment and show concern _59_ others rather than regulation.Smoking is _60_ by city laws in theaters and halls used for _61_ films as well as in laboratories where there _62_ be a fire hazard. Elsewhere it is up to your good sense.I am _63_ asking you to maintain _64_ in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. This will prove that you have the non-smokers health and well-being in _65_ which is very important to a large number of our students.46. A) StillB) MoreC) AgainD) Further47. A) concern B) trouble C) interestD) displeasure 48. A) on B) in C) with D) to 49. A) of B) about C) with D) to50. A) involuntarily B) differently C) directlyD) reluctantly 51. A) endure B) suffer C) undergo D) put 52. A) alert B) awake C) aware D) informed 53. A) linked B) connected C) associated D) joined54. A) make B) persuade C) say D) talk 55. A) entirely B) total C) just D) whole 56. A) Then B) However C) Further D) Moreover 57. A) likeB) probable C) capable D) possible58. A) pleading B) begging C) suggesting D) calling 59. A) with B) for C) to D) in 60. A) prohibited B) stopped C) suppressed D) prevented 61. A) playing B) demonstrating C) showing D) exhibiting62. A) will B) should C) may D) must 63. A) thenB) therefore C) subsequentlyD) so64. A) “No Smoking” B) “Non-Smoking”C) “No Smoke”D) “Non-Smoke” 65. A) headB) heart C) mind D) senseIV. Translation from English into Chinese (15%)66. A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl, who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era and a major who says that they havent. 67. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class. Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. 68. He won the Nobel Prize for his Photoelectric Theory (光電理論), a series of equations that he considered relatively minor in importance, but he didnt have any curiosity in observing how his theory made TV possible. V. Translation from Chinese into English (15%)69. 他病了一個(gè)月左右，這使他在學(xué)習(xí)上耽誤了很多。(set back) 70. 就業(yè)余愛好而言，珍妮和她妹妹幾乎沒有什么共同之處。(as far asbe concerned, havein common) 71. 只要你不斷努力，你遲早會(huì)解決這個(gè)難題的。(as long as, sooner or later, resolve) 72. 警察要求司機(jī)把事故講述的更詳細(xì)一些。(in detail) 73. 有跡象表明，不少工廠正面臨著十分困難的局面。(indications, be faced with) 基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)（二級(jí)）模擬試卷五答案及詳解 I. Vocabulary and structure 1. D。name after表示“以某人或某物的名字給某人或某物命名”。2. B。mean表示“意味著；意思是”；count表示“重要，有價(jià)值”；hint表示“暗示，示意”；hope表示“希望”。 3. C。struggle表示“斗爭(zhēng)”；battle表示“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，戰(zhàn)斗”；conflict表示“沖突”；quarrel表示“爭(zhēng)吵，吵架”。4. B。indicate表示“”；attach表示“系；綁；貼”， attach importance to表示“認(rèn)為某事物很重要”；provide表示“提供”；pay表示“支付”。 5. A。at ease表示“不拘束，放松”；in private表示“私下地，單獨(dú)地”；at rest表示“靜止的，不動(dòng)的”；in peace表示“和平”。 6. B。problem表示“問題”；crisis表示“危機(jī)”；danger表示“危險(xiǎn)”；uncertainty表示“猶豫，遲疑”。 7. A。in advance表示“事先，預(yù)先，提前”；in detail表示“詳細(xì)地”；in general表示“一般來說，大體上”；in all表示“總共，合計(jì)”。8. D。impression表示“印象、感想、蓋印”；imagination表示“想像力; 創(chuàng)造力”；vision表示“視力;視覺”；illusion表示“錯(cuò)覺，幻覺”。9. A。temptation表示“引誘,誘惑(+to-v)”；lure表示“誘惑力,吸引力;魅力the S(+of)”；attraction表示“吸引力；吸引人之物”；charm表示“魅力”。10. C。blank表示“空白的”, 指表面無字跡，沒有寫字、印刷、或做記號(hào)的空白處; empty表示“(房間等)空的，沒有物的”，指描繪之物的內(nèi)部本應(yīng)有的東西這時(shí)卻沒有，或者可容人或物的地方或容器這時(shí)未容納(房間里無設(shè)備或家里沒有人); bare