初中英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞講解與專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題.doc

【愛(ài)文庫(kù)】核心用戶(hù)上傳初中英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞講解與專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一 形容詞（一）定義 用來(lái)描寫(xiě)或修飾名詞或代詞，說(shuō)明人或事物的特征或性質(zhì)。（二）用法1.做定語(yǔ)。e.g. This is an old house.2.做表語(yǔ)。e.g.I am sorry to hear that.3.做賓語(yǔ)不足語(yǔ)。e.g.She made her mother angry.4.形容詞在句中的位置。 形容詞做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)，放在名詞前面。修飾不定代詞時(shí)要放在不定代詞之后。e.g.She is a clever girl.I saw something white in the water.形容詞修飾帶有表量度的詞或者詞組時(shí)定語(yǔ)后置。The bridge is one hundred meters long .5.某些形容詞前加上定冠詞the,可以代表一類(lèi)人或東西，可以用作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)等。做主語(yǔ)時(shí)當(dāng)復(fù)數(shù)看待。e.g.The old are well looked after.We all love the beautiful.二 副詞（一）定義 用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，其他副詞以及全句。（二）用法1.作狀語(yǔ)。e.g.They work hard .(副詞修飾動(dòng)詞）They are quite right .（副詞修飾形容詞）He park the car very easily .（副詞修飾副詞）Unfortunately,he was out.（副詞修飾整個(gè)句子）2.作定語(yǔ)（時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞可以做后置定語(yǔ)）。e.g.The students here are all from Hubei.3.作表語(yǔ)。 e.g.What is on this evening?(今晚上演什么節(jié)目。）4.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。e.g.Dont let him in.三 形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)在英語(yǔ)中形容詞和副詞有原級(jí)，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)之分。原級(jí)就是它們的原形，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。（一）形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)變化1.規(guī)則變化單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞（1）一般在詞尾加er,est. hard-harder-hardest great-greater-greatest(2)以字母e結(jié)尾的加r,st. nice-nicer-nicest able-abler-ablest(3)重讀閉音節(jié)中末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫(xiě)輔音字母，再加er,est.big-bigger-biggest fat-fatter-fatter red-redder-reddestthin-thinner-thinnest hot-hotter-hottest wet-wetter-wettest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞,在其前加more,most.polite-more polite-most polite exciting-more exciting-most excitinginteresting-more interesting-most imnteresting carefully-more carefully-most carefullyquickly-more quickly-most quickly happily-more happily-most happily有些形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)用-er,-est或者more,most皆可，如clever,lovely等。表示“較不-”和“最不-”時(shí)，可用less和least.difficult-less difficult-least difficultinteresting-less interesting-least interesting2.不規(guī)則變化 形容詞 副詞 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) good better best well better best bad/ill worse worst badly worse worstmany/much more most much more most little less least little less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthest far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest (二)形容詞和副詞級(jí)的用法 原級(jí):(1)原級(jí)的基本用法句型:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+as+原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象 (前者與后者一樣.) 主語(yǔ)+.not+as/so+原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象 (前者不如后者那么.) The coat is as old as that one . The weather in Beijing is not as/so hot as that in Shanghai . (2)原級(jí)的特殊用法 1)表示是.的幾倍. 句型: .times +as +原級(jí) + as . This house is three times as largeas that one . He can run five three times as fast as his brother. 2)表示.的一半. 句型: .half as +原級(jí) + as . My money is not half as mu