英語(yǔ)必修3第三單元語(yǔ)法 賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句 講解.doc

英語(yǔ)必修3第三單元語(yǔ)法 賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句 講解、練習(xí) Unit 3 Grammar Noun Clauses名詞性從句名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，在復(fù)合句中可分別作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。名詞性從句可分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。一The Objective Clause賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的從句稱作賓語(yǔ)從句，可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可以作介詞和非限定動(dòng)詞及某些形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句詞有連詞that，if，whether；連接代詞who，whose，what，which；連接副詞when，where，how， why等。1)I thinkwomen can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2) I wondershe remembered how many babies she had delivered.3) Do you knowJack was speaking to?4) He askedit was.5) Pay attention tothe doctor said.6) Please tell methe earthquake took place.7) Will you tell meI can keep fit and healthy?做動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)(1)大部分賓語(yǔ)從句直接跟在動(dòng)詞后：He doesnt know where the post office is.(2)有些賓語(yǔ)從句前要有間接賓語(yǔ)：He told me what I should read(3)如果賓語(yǔ)從句后面有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，要使用形式賓語(yǔ) it而將從句放到補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面；I thought it strange that he failed to call me(4)在think, believe, suppose, expect等動(dòng)詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，如果從句謂語(yǔ)是否定含義，則將主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞think等變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问健?I dont think you are right(5)在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等動(dòng)詞以及 Im afraid等后，可用so代替一個(gè)肯定的賓語(yǔ)從句，還可用not代替一個(gè)否定的賓語(yǔ)從句。一Do you believe it will clear up?一I believe so. I dont believe so. (或I believe not.)做介詞的賓語(yǔ) Did she say anythinghow we should do the work?Your article is all rightthat it is too longI was surprisedwhat he said鞏固練習(xí).1 He wont come. I think. (變?yōu)閺?fù)合句) I _ think he _ come.2. Miss Gao: Lucy, do you come from the USA? (改為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的句子)Miss Gao asked Lucy that she came from the USA.Miss Gao asked Lucy do you come from the USA.Miss Gao asked Lucy if she came from the USA.3. “Do you wash your clothes yourself?” Tom asked the girl next to him.(改復(fù)合句)Tom asked the girl next to him _ _ _ her clothes herself.4. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改為賓從)(1999福州)Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.5. Is the earth round? The little boy asked.(改為賓語(yǔ)從句)The little boy asked _ the earth _ round.6. “Where does he live?” Mr Hu asked.(改為復(fù)合句)Mr Hu asked where _ _.7. Toms father saw him sitting on some eggs.(改為復(fù)合句)Toms father saw _ _ _ sitting on some eggs.8. Mrs White told Tom not to throw paper on the ground.(改為復(fù)合句) Mrs white told Tom _ _ _ throw paper on the ground.9. Please tell me where we show our tickets.(改為簡(jiǎn)單句，保持原意) Please tell me _ _ show our tickets.10. Can you tell me how I can get to the post office? (改為簡(jiǎn)單句，保持原意)Can you tell me the _ _ the post office?11. Rose doesnt know when they are going to repair the watch. (改為簡(jiǎn)單句)Rose doesnt know _ _ repair the watch.12. The teacher told the boys what they should do and how they should do it.(改為簡(jiǎn)單句)The teacher told the boys _ _ do and _ _ do it.13. The earth moves around the sun. The teacher said.(改為賓語(yǔ)從句)The teacher said _ the earth _ around the sun.14. Are you hungry? My mother asked me.(改為賓語(yǔ)從句)My mother asked me _ _ _ hungry.15. Why hasnt she come yet? Nobody knows. (改為賓語(yǔ)從句)Nobody knows _ _ _ come yet.提高型1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you.A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; if2. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help?A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended3. Could you tell me _ do with the money?A. how to B. what should I C. how I should D. what I should4. Can you tell me how many English words _ since 1996?A. have you learned B. did you learn C. you have learned D. you learned5. Miss Li wants to know _ next week.A. when my uncle leaves B. when will my uncleC. where my uncle will stay D. where does my uncle stay6. Can you tell me when _?A. does the ship leave B. the ship will leave C. the ship leave D. will the ship leave7. Alice wanted to know _ her grandmother liked the bag.A. that B. if C. which D. what8. I dont know _ Jane was late for school this morning.A. who B. What C. whom D. why9. They dont know _ their presents are. A. when B. why C. what D that10. Mike asked the girl in the shop _ the watch _ cheap enough.(1998云南)A. that; is B. if; was C. that; was D. whether; is11. I think he _ back next week. A. come B. will come C. came D. has come12. Xiao Mao told me he _ a film with his mother the next day.A. would see B. will watch C. would look D. will see13. Could you tell me if it _ tomorrow?A. rain B. will rain C. raining D. rains14. He said that he _ speak a little English when he was five.A. might B. would C. could D. can15. I want to know if they _ the spring sports meeting next month.If they _ it, I must get ready for it.A. hold; will hold B. will hold; hold C. hold; hold D. will hold; will hold綜合型1. Do you remember _ he came?-Yes, I do, he came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if2. That woman wanted to know _ her daughter liked the sweater.A. whether B. what . that D. which3. Have you decided when _ for London?A. will you leave B. you will leave C. are you going D. you are going4. Excuse me. Could you tell me _? -Certainly.A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which stationC. which station can I get to . how I can get to the station5. What did your mother say, Tom? -She asked me why _.A. my sister crying B. my sister was cryingC. is my sister crying D. was my sister crying6. I wonder what time _ arrive.A. does the train B. will the train C. the train D. the train will7. I wondered _ our teacher did that for.A. that B. if C. what D. why8. Did you hear _?A. what did I say B. what I said C. that I said D. I said which9. Can you tell me which room _?A. does he live in B. does he lives C. he lives in D. he lives10. The little boy often asks me what _?A. will our life of tomorrow B. will our life tomorrow be likeC. our life of tomorrow like D. our life of tomorrow will be like11. Do you really know _ used?A. how widely English is B. how wide is EnglishC. English is how widely D. how is English wide12. Would you please tell me _ with Peter? He looks unhappy.A. whats the matter B. what wrong isC. the wrong is what D. what wrong it was13. Excuse me, where _? Do you know? -Yes. I know where _?A. Jim lives; he lives B. does Jim live; do he liveC. Jim lives; does he live D. does Jim live; he lives14. I didnt know _ and _.A. whats his name; how old he is B. what his name was; how old he wasC. what his name is; how is he old D. that was his name; he was how old15. My friend hasnt decided _ on a trip to Wuxi on holiday.A. if he goes B. when will he go C. if hell go D. where he go16. Did you ask her what _ outside?A. was happened to him B. he had happenedC. he happened D. had happened to him17. The man in the shop askes the woman _A. which kind does she like B. which kind she is C. which kind is she likes D. which kind she likes18. No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it19. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hell come20. Could you tell me _?-Yes, they _ to the library.A. where are the twins; have been B. where the twins are; have goneC. where were the twins; have been Dwhere the twins were; have gone二The Predicative Clause表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的從句稱作表語(yǔ)從句，位于連系動(dòng)詞（be，seem，remain等）之后。1. that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句連接詞that僅起連接作用，無(wú)意義，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句往往是對(duì)主句主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。 The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.2. whether引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句連接詞whether起連接作用，意為“是否、究竟、到底”，（注意：if不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)在句中也不作任何成分。 The question is whether what man will turn up in time.3. what, which, who, whom, whose引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句連接代詞what, which, who, whom, whose除在句子中起連接作用外，還可在從句中從當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。 Tom is no longerhe used to be. The question isshould come first. The problem isis really fit for the hard job. The important thing isshould be put on the top of the list.4. where, when, why, how引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 連接副詞where, when, why, how除在句中起連接作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語(yǔ)，本身具有詞義。 ThatsI cant agree with you. This isSara was late for the meeting. This isthey overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory isI attended an American wedding.5.其他連詞as if, because, as, as though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 because引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句通常只用于This/That/It is because結(jié)構(gòu)中。My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time. as if/though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句，常置于連系動(dòng)詞look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示不存在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.鞏固練習(xí)1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. thatB. ifC. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4The problem is _to take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can get C. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_I missed the bus.A. that B. when C. why D. what7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked _ she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9.I fell sick!-I think it is _ you are doing too much. A. why B. when C. whatD. because10. The reason why he hasnt come is _.A. because his mother is illB. because of his mothers being illC. that his mother is illD. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.- That is _ he likes the place so much. A. that B. what C. why D. how12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived. A. what B. where C. that D. whythat/what的區(qū)別1_your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are2. The trouble is_we are short of tools.A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_ .A. what it used to beB. what it was used to being C. what it used to beingD. what it was used to be5. _he really means is _he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That what C. What what D. That what6. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such高考練習(xí)1 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .Is that_ you had a few days off？A. why B .what C. when D. where2 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella _I got wet through.A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning.A. when B. which C. where D. what4. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats _.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited5. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which第一組：1.-I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that _you had a few days off? (NMET1999)A.why B. when C. what D where2. The question is _it is worth visiting. A. if B. as if C. whether D. how3. This is _it happened A. what B. when C. that D. how4. This is _ the city lies. A. which B. what C. where D. when5. He was ill .That is _he didnt come yesterday. A. when B. why C. how D. that6. That was _ I was thirteen I entered the No.1 Middle School. A. because B. why C. how D when7.The problem is _we can master modern sci