英語四級考試仿真模擬試卷2012-03-06.doc

英語四級考試仿真模擬試卷（卷一）寫作英語四級考試即將舉行，還有不到兩個星期的時間，請同學們做好沖刺準備。以下試題請嚴格按照考試時間答題。Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 選擇職業(yè)是一個人要面對的眾多難題之一。2. 需要花時間去選擇職業(yè)。3. 選擇職業(yè)時可議和幫助。【寫作思路】本文是一篇關(guān)于擇業(yè)的議論文。短文需要說明慎重擇業(yè)相當重要，并提出多種指導擇業(yè)的方法。Choosing an OccupationOne of the most important problems a young person faces is deciding what to do. There are some people, of course, who from the time are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about as you try to decide what you would like to do. You may find that you will have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or you may find out that you will need to get actual work experience to gain enough knowledge to qualify for a particular job.Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to give you detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions.【快速閱讀】Part IIReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.EarthquakeCan Scientists Predict Killer Earthquakes?The date was November 23, 1980. People near Naples, in southern Italy, felt the Earth roll and shake. Earthquake! Suddenly buildings came tumbling down. Cracks appeared in the earth. Within minutes, entire towns were destroyed. Thousands of people were dead. Thousands more were injured.As rescuers searched through the rubble, many people must have wondered, of only the victims had known ahead of time, many lives could have been saved.Actually, an Italian scientist did predict that such a quake would happen. In 1977 Dr. M. Caputo of the University Degiles Studi in Rome warned that a large quake would soon strike the east of Naples. Unfortunately, he couldnt predict the exact time and date of the quake.Dr. Caputo made his general prediction after talking with scientists at 54 earthquake monitoring stations throughout Italy. He learned that many earthquakes had recently rocked different areas around Naples. But none had occurred in one particular spot east of Naples for many years. Dr. Caputo felt that the area was long overdue for a large quake. And it was. Earthquake Strikes in GapThe quake occurred in a region that Dr. Caputo called a seismic gap. A seismic gap is an area in an active earthquake region where no earthquake or seismic activity has been recorded in a long time. Seismic gaps are located where two large plates in the Earth have become stuck.When the plates slide past each other, they sometimes became locked in place. A similar thing happens when you make a running leap on a sidewalk while wearing sneakers. When you land on both feet, the sneakers grab onto rough surface. Friction tends to hold your feet back while the rest of your body goes forward. You may end up falling flat on your face.In the case of plates, however, the uneven surfaces between the plates cause the plates to remain locked in place for years. Huge pressure builds up behind each plate. Periodically, a shudder, or tremor, is recorded as some of this energy is released.Finally, after about 50 years, rock in the seismic gap breaks or moves under the great stress. This sudden release of energy sends shock waves through the rock layers above. The ground shakes, sidewalks crack, and buildings tumble. A mighty quake has struck.Gaps Used To Predict QuakesMany geologists have used what is called the seismic gap technique to accurately predict earthquakes. The technique was first developed by Soviet earthquake expert Dr. V. Fodotov during his studies of ancient and recent Japanese earthquakes. Dr. Fodotov was marking the location, size, and date of all known quakes in Japan when he noticed a striking pattern.All major earthquakes were found to occur in only a few isolated spots in Japan. Each of these spots, he noted, experienced a major quake only once every 50 to 60 years. Dr. Fodotov concluded that spots that hadnt had a quake in more than 50 years were “ripe” for a quake. The Russian scientist named these locations seismic gaps.In the past several years, geologists from other countries have found seismic gaps in other parts of the world. After making detailed studies of past quakes in these regions, the geologists were able to make an accurate prediction of when a quake would occur.How Do Animals Know When an Earthquake Is Coming?Scientists who try to predict earthquakes have gotten some new helpers recentlyanimals.Thats right, animals. Scientists have begun to catch on to what farmers have known for thousands of years. Animals often seem to know in advance that an earthquake is coming, and they show their fear by acting in strange ways. Before a Chinese quake in 1975, snakes awoke from their winter sleep early only to freeze to death in the cold air. Cows broke their halters and tried to escape. Chickens refused to enter their coop. All of this unusual behavior, as well as physical changes in the earth, alerted Chinese scientists to the coming quake. They moved people away from the danger zone and saved thousands of lives.One task for scientists today is to learn exactly which types of animal behavior predict quakes. Its not an easy job. First of all not every animal reacts to the danger of an earthquake. Just before a California quake in 1977, for example, an Arabian stallion became very nervous and tried to break out of his stall. The horse next to him, however, remained perfectly calm. Its also difficult at times to tell the difference between normal animal restlessness and “earthquake nerves”. A zoo keeper once called earthquake researchers to say that his cougar had been acting strangely. It turned out that the cat had an upset stomach.A second task for scientists is to find out exactly what kind of warnings the animals receive. They know that animals sense far more of the world than humans do. Many animals can see, hear, and smell things that people do not even notice. Some can detect tiny changes in air pressure, gravity, or the magnetism of Earth. This extra sense probably helps animals predict quakes.A good example of this occurred with a group of dogs. They were penned up in an area that was being shaken by a series of tiny earthquakes. (Several small quakes often come before or after a large one.) Before each quake a low booming sound was heard. Each boom caused the dogs to bark wildly. Then the dogs began to bark during a silent period. A scientist who was recording tile quakes looked at his machine. It was acting as though there were a loud noise too. The scientist realized that the dogs had reacted to a booming noise. They also sensed the tiny quake that followed it. The machine recorded both, though humans felt and heard nothing.In this case there was a machine to monitor what the dogs were sensing. Many times, however, our machines record nothing out of the ordinary, even though animals know a quake is coming. The animals might be sensing something we so measure but do not recognize as a warning. Discovering what animals sense, and learning how they know it is a danger signal, is a job for future scientists.1.Since no one had predicted the precise date of the earthquake striking east of Naples, people there suffered heavy loss in the destruction.2.A seismic gap is located at the junction of two interlocking plates in the Earth, and where no seismic activity has been recorded for a long time.3.From the passage we learn that a regular striking pattern can be found in an active earthquake region.4.During an earthquake in China 1975, cows broke their halters and ran away from their sheds.5.As it is used in Paragraph 13, the word “cat” refers to a typical domestic cat.6.All animals but men can notice tiny changed in air pressure, gravity, or themagnetism of Earth.7.The dogs mentioned in Paragraph 15 had sensed both the low booms and the minor quakes following them.1. YNNG2.YNNG3.YNNG4. YNNG5.YNNG6.YNNG7. YNNG8.Dr. Caputo based his prediction upon the fact that lots of earthquakes had recently occurred in Naples but its _.9.According to the authors information, every 50 years or so, a mighty earthquake will be recorded at _.10.Chinese scientists evacuated people from _ after they had noticed the strange behavior as well as physical changes in the earth.【全文翻譯】地震科學家能預(yù)測危險的地震嗎?1980年11月23日，意大利南部靠近那不勒斯的居民們感覺到大地晃動和顫抖。地震!建筑物在突然間倒塌了，大地出現(xiàn)了裂縫。幾分鐘內(nèi)，整個城鎮(zhèn)毀于一旦，成千上萬的人死了，幾千萬的人受傷了。當救援隊在瓦礫堆中搜尋救人時，許多人想知道，如果受害者事先知道要發(fā)生地震的話，許多生命是否可以得到挽救。事實上，意大利的一位科學家的確預(yù)測到了地震的發(fā)生。1977年，羅馬Degiles Studi大學的博士M. Caputo先生警告說，不久那不勒斯東部將會發(fā)生大地震。不幸的是，他不能準確地預(yù)測地震發(fā)生的時間和日期。Caputo博士的預(yù)測是在與遍及意大利的54所地震監(jiān)測站的科學家交談后作出的。他發(fā)現(xiàn)，最近那不勒斯附近地區(qū)發(fā)生了多次地震。但是，多年來，那不勒斯東部的有個地方一直沒有發(fā)生地震。他認為這個地區(qū)是在醞釀一次大地震。情況的確如此。地震發(fā)生在空白區(qū)Caputo博士把地震發(fā)生的區(qū)域稱為地震空白區(qū)。地震空白區(qū)位于長期以來沒有地震或者地震活動發(fā)生的地震活躍區(qū)。地震空白區(qū)位于地球兩大板塊的連接處。當?shù)卣鸢鍓K彼此滑過對方時，它們有時會被鎖在一起。當你穿著運動鞋在人行道上跳躍時，也會發(fā)生類似的情況。當你雙腳著地時，運動鞋會與粗糙的地面粘在一起，摩擦力會使你的腳后傾，同時你的身體卻會前傾。你可能最終會跌得鼻青臉腫。然而，地震板塊表面是不均勻的，這會使它們鎖在一起很多年。每個板塊后都積聚著巨大的壓力。當其中的一些能量釋放時，就會出現(xiàn)定期的震顫或者震動。最后，在大約50年之后，地震空白區(qū)中的巖石或者突然崩裂或者以巨大的壓力移動。這種突然釋放的能量會讓地震波穿過巖層直達地面，于是地面震動了，人行橫道斷裂了，建筑物倒塌了，強大的地震發(fā)生了。利用地震空白區(qū)來預(yù)測地震許多地質(zhì)學家們已經(jīng)使用地震空白區(qū)技術(shù)來準確地預(yù)測地震。該項技術(shù)是由蘇聯(lián)地震專家V. Fodotov博士在研究日本古代和近代地震時首先使用的。在標注日本已發(fā)生地震的地點規(guī)模和日期時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個明顯的特點。日本所有的大地震都發(fā)生在幾個孤立的地區(qū)。Fodotov博士指出，這些地方僅隔50到60年就會發(fā)生一次大地震;他還斷言說，50年以上沒有發(fā)生地震的區(qū)域是地震的“成熟”區(qū)。俄羅斯科學家將這些區(qū)域命名為地震空白區(qū)。在過去的幾年中，其他國家的地質(zhì)學家在世界的其他地方也發(fā)現(xiàn)了地震空白區(qū)。經(jīng)過對這些地區(qū)以往地震的詳細研究，地質(zhì)學家能夠精確地預(yù)測地震發(fā)生的時間。動物是如何知道地震即將來臨的?最近，試圖預(yù)測地震的科學家們找到了一些新的幫手動物。沒錯，就是動物?？茖W家們開始了解到農(nóng)民已經(jīng)知道了數(shù)千年之久的情況。動物通常事先知道地震即將來臨，并以奇怪的方式表現(xiàn)出恐懼。在1975年中國發(fā)生地震前，冬眠的蛇過早地醒來，結(jié)果凍死在寒冷的空氣中;奶牛掙斷韁繩，企圖逃跑;雞拒絕進入雞舍。所有這些不尋常的行為以及地球自身的變化，使中國科學家充分地認識到地震即將來臨。他們讓地震危險區(qū)的居民搬遷出來，從而挽救了成千上萬人的性命。要準確了解到底哪類動物的行為可以預(yù)測地震，這是科學家目前的一個任務(wù)，但這不是一件容易的事情。首先不是每個動物都能對地震的危險作出反應(yīng)。例如，在1977年加州地震之前，一匹阿拉伯種馬變得非常緊張，試圖跑出馬廄;但是，他旁邊的那匹馬仍然非常安靜。有時候，也很難分辨出正常動物的不安和“地震(造成)的緊張”。有位動物管理員曾經(jīng)對地震研究人員說，他的美洲獅一直行為怪怪的，結(jié)果證明是其胃部不舒服。弄清楚到底動物收到了什么樣的警告，這是科學家的另外一個任務(wù)。他們知道，動物的感覺比人的更敏感。許多動物能看到、聽到、聞到人察覺不到的東西。一些動物能夠感覺到氣壓、重力或者地球磁場的微小變化。這種特別的感覺可能有助于動物預(yù)測地震。發(fā)生在一群狗身上的事情是這方面的一個很好的例子。關(guān)這群狗的地方正在發(fā)生一系列的小地震。(大地震前后常會發(fā)生一些小地震。)每次地震前都能聽到一聲低沉的爆炸聲，每次爆炸聲都會引起狗的瘋狂亂叫。后來，狗在沒有爆炸聲一段時期也開始叫喊。一位正在記錄瓦塊地震的科學家注意到他的機器也好像表現(xiàn)出有巨大聲音的樣子。他意識到，狗對一次巨大的聲音作出了反應(yīng)，它們也感覺到了隨后發(fā)生的輕微地震。盡管人類什么都沒有感覺到、也沒有聽到，這臺機器卻記錄下了這一切。在這種情況下，有一個機器監(jiān)視著狗的感應(yīng)。然而，有許多次，盡管動物知道地震即將來臨，但我們的機器卻沒有記錄下任何異常的活動。動物可能會感覺到我們所測量的情況，但沒有把它看作是一種警告。發(fā)現(xiàn)動物感應(yīng)到什么，并了解他們是如何知道這是一種危險的信號，這是科學家今后的工作?！敬鸢附馕觥?.【解析】Y根據(jù)第一段。2.【解析】Y根據(jù)earthquakes strikes in gap 的第一段判斷。3.【解析】Y根據(jù)gaps used to predict quakes 最后一句判斷正確。4.【解析】N根據(jù)第十二段，Cows broke their halters and tried to escape. 并沒有交代ran away from their sheds。5.【解析】N這里的cat 指的是cougar。6.【解析】N根據(jù)第十四段最后三句話，我們可以得出，并不是所有的動物都能感受到的。7.【解析】Y參看第十五段。8. 【解析】east根據(jù)第三段，But none had occurred in one particular spot east of Naples for many years.9. 【解析】the seismic gap根據(jù)第七段，F(xiàn)inally, after about 50 years, rock in the seismic gap breaks or moves under the great stress.10.【解析】the danger zone/the prospective quake zone根據(jù)第十四段，They moved people away from the danger zone and saved thousands of lives. 如果能寫出the prospective quake zone 也是可以的。 Part Cloze(15 minutes)If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or 67 in your work would depend, to 68 great extent, 69 your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. 70 the utmost your attitude. A person 71 begins a job convinced that he isnt going to like it or is 72 that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure 73 his belief that he is probably as capable 74 doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to attempt 75 it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well. 76 the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness. A book keeper who cant add or a carpenter who cant cut a straight line with a saw 77 hopeless cases. This book has been designed to help you capitalize 78 the strength and overcome the 79 that you bring to the job of learning. But for your development, you must first 80 stock of where you stand now. 81 we get further along in the book, well be 82 in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 83 skills. However, 84 begin with, you should pause 85 examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your 86 , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits. 67.Aimprovement Bvictory Cfailure Dachievement68.Aa Bthe Csome Dcertain69.Ain Bon Cof Dto70.AOut of BOf CTo DInto71.Awho Bwhat Chow Dwhich72.Aensure Bcertain Csure Dsurely73.Aonto Bon Coff Din74.Ato Bat Cof Dfor75.Anear Bon Cby Dat76.AHave BHad CHaving DHad been77.Abeing Bbeen Care Dis78.Aexcept Bbut Cfor Don79.Aidea Bweakness Cstrength Dadvantage80.Amake Btake Cdo Dgive81.AAs BTill COver DOut82.Adeal Bdealt Cbe dealt Ddealing83.Alearnt Blearned Clearning Dlearn84.Aaround Bto Cfrom Dbeside85.Ato Bonto Cinto Dwith86.Aintelligence Bwork Cattitude Dweakness【全文翻譯】如果你計劃明天開始一個新的工作，你的一些基本的優(yōu)缺點也會與你同行。成功或失敗在很大的程度上取決于你是否能夠揚長避短。最重要的是你的態(tài)度。如果一個剛剛開始工作的人就深信自己不會喜歡或者肯定不適應(yīng)這項工作，那么妨礙他成功的缺點就暴露出來了。另一方面，如果一個人確信他可能會與其他人一樣有能力完成這項工作，并心甘情愿地去嘗試，他就具有了某種目的性的優(yōu)勢。很可能他會做得很好。具有某一工作的必要技能是一種優(yōu)勢，而缺乏這些技能顯然就會處于劣勢。一個記賬員不會計數(shù)，或者一個木匠不能用鋸子切割出一條直線，這都是令人絕望的例子。本書的目的是幫助你發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢，克服自己學習中的劣勢。但是為了你的發(fā)展，你必須要清楚自己現(xiàn)在的位置。隨著書中內(nèi)容的進一步深入，我們將詳細論述發(fā)展和加強學習技能的具體過程。但是，首先，你應(yīng)該停下來，去審視一下自己目前在以下三個方面存在的優(yōu)點和缺點，這三個方面對你學業(yè)的成功或失敗至關(guān)重要：態(tài)度、閱讀和溝通的技巧、學習習慣?！敬鸢附馕觥?7.【解析】C本句的意思是“成功或失敗在很大程度上取決于你是否能揚長避短”。improvement改進;victory勝利;achievement成果，成就。這三個詞都不合題意，只有Cfailure“失敗”最合適。68.【解析】Ato a great extent是固定短語，意思是“很大程度上”，符合題意。類似的說法還有：to a large extent,to some extent, to an extent, to a certain extent, to that extent, to the extent of.the, some, certain都不能與great extent搭配。69.【解析】Bon與前面的depend構(gòu)成本句謂語。70.【解析】Bof與名詞連用,表示具有某種性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)，作表語。置于句首，表示強調(diào)。正常語序為：Your attitude is of the utmost importance.