企業(yè)常用英文縮寫(xiě)1.doc

In 2016 County Economic workshop Shang of speech comrade are: this county economic workshop of main task is, full implement implementation Central, and provincial, and municipal economic workshop and province party main leaders seminar spirit, recalled summary results, analysis judge situation, arrangements deployment new annual focus work task, mobilization County upper and lower further grasp new normal, implementation new concept, temper new style, show new as, struggled to advance County economic social transformation upgrade science development. Following, told four a aspects of problem: a, and full certainly results, effective firm transformation upgrade of confidence and determination 2015, face macroeconomic down pressure continued increased of severe situation and difficult heavy of reform development task, County upper and lower tight at Central and provinces series major decision deployment, firmly grasp stability in the seeking into total tone, active adapted economic development new normal, focused focus field, full work storming, County economic social development rendering out contrarian to good, and stability in the has into, and more points breakthrough, and Overall a good trend. One is closely linked to the transformation and upgrading of the global, comprehensive economic power significantly. Accurately gauge the macro situation and based on real comprehensive plan, strongly promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society. Project support capacity increased significantly. Adhere to the inside and outside simultaneously, build, implementation of national and provincial investment of 625 million Yuan, for State one or two, three, four or five specific bond funds and local replacement bond funds of 554 million Yuan, for the starting year of key construction projects has laid a solid foundation. In particular the national circular economy demonstration counties and .two State-level pilot project of ecological demonstration County project platforms settled in jingchuan, Zhu Jia Jian construction of the reservoir began, handicap reservoirs, Liu Lihe reservoir preparat4ion work goes well, take solid steps for comprehensive utilization of water resources; city gas station to speed up implementation of the project, I became the Countys first West-East gas pipeline project in the surrounding area benefit from the County, major projects supported increased significantly. Overall well-off society constantly consolidate 254the basis. Battle victory industrial development as the primary task of the well-off, fruit production suitable for full coverage of the target will be realized, vegetable industry development area extending, farming aquaculture changes the momentum of the show, markets + enterprise + base + farmers as they gradually introduced measures significantly strengthen standardized management, industry constantly consolidate the basis and enriching. Investment attraction results continue to expand. Adhere to the soft environment of excellence and improve the environment are equally企業(yè)常用縮寫(xiě)5S :5S管理ABC:作業(yè)制成本制度 (Activity-Based Costing) AVL:認(rèn)可的供應(yīng)商清單(Approved Vendor List) BOM:物料清單 (Bill Of Material) CPM:每一百萬(wàn)個(gè)使用者會(huì)有幾次抱怨(Complaint per Million)DMT:成熟度驗(yàn)證(Design Maturing Testing)DVT:設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證(Design Verification Testing)EC:設(shè)計(jì)變更工程變更 (Engineer Change)ECRN:原件規(guī)格更改通知(Engineer Change Request Notice)EMC:電磁相容(Electric Magnetic Capability)ERP:企業(yè)資源規(guī)劃 (Enterprise Resource Planning)FCST:預(yù)估(Forecast)FQC:成品品質(zhì)管制 (Finish or Final Quality Control)IPQC:製程品質(zhì)管制 (In-Process Quality Control)IQC:進(jìn)料品質(zhì)管制 (Incoming Quality Control)ISO:國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)組織 (International Organization for Standardization)JIT:即時(shí)管理 (Just In Time) MO:製令(Manufacture Order) MRP:物料需求規(guī)劃 (Material Requirement Planning) OEM:委託代工 (Original Equipment Manufacture) ODM:委託設(shè)計(jì)與製造 (Original Design & Manufacture) OQC:出貨品質(zhì)管制 (Out-going Quality Control) PDCA:PDCA管理循環(huán) (Plan-Do-Check-Action) PO:訂單(Purchase Order) QA:品質(zhì)保證(Quality Assurance)QC:品質(zhì)管制(Quality Control)QCC:品管圈 (Quality Control Circle)QE:品質(zhì)工程(Quality Engineering)RMA:退貨驗(yàn)收Returned Material ApprovalTOC:限制理論 (Theory of Constraints)TPM:全面生產(chǎn)管理Total Production ManagementTQM:全面品質(zhì)管理 (Total Quality Management)5S管理5S是由日本企業(yè)研究出來(lái)的一種環(huán)境塑造方案，其目的在藉由整理(SEIRI)、整頓(SEITON)、清掃(SEISO)、清潔(SEIKETSU)及身美(SHITSUKE)五種行為來(lái)創(chuàng)造清潔、明朗、活潑化之環(huán)境，以提高效率、品質(zhì)及顧客滿意度。在原文中(日文)，這五項(xiàng)皆是以S為其發(fā)音開(kāi)頭故稱(chēng)此種方案為5S。5S活動(dòng)的對(duì)象原本是針對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的環(huán)境，它對(duì)生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境全局進(jìn)行綜合考慮，並制訂切實(shí)可行的計(jì)劃與措施，從而達(dá)到規(guī)範(fàn)化管理，有許多公司擴(kuò)展到辦公室的管理以增進(jìn)辦公效率，常見(jiàn)的手法為紅牌作戰(zhàn)，看板及衍生的目視管理。ABC作業(yè)制成本制度 (Activity-Based Costing)ABC及ABM(Activity-Base Management)作業(yè)制成本管理，以作業(yè)別作為分?jǐn)偝杀镜幕A(chǔ)，在企業(yè)管理上可運(yùn)用在定價(jià)決策、生產(chǎn)及產(chǎn)能決策、產(chǎn)品管理、顧客管理及企業(yè)策略上，同時(shí)具有提供決策者即時(shí)且有效、精確資訊的特性，對(duì)企業(yè)在創(chuàng)造競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)上，是具有相當(dāng)大的功能，其做法常為最古老的簿記再加上電腦分類(lèi)系統(tǒng)，由於會(huì)計(jì)資料數(shù)量龐大，在電腦尚未普及前必須採(cǎi)行種種簡(jiǎn)化如訂定分?jǐn)偙壤?，但?jiǎn)化可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致失真。ASP應(yīng)用程式服務(wù)供應(yīng)商 （Application Service Provider）對(duì)企業(yè)提供IT業(yè)務(wù)應(yīng)用服務(wù)和管理服務(wù)，主要透過(guò)軟體與硬體租用或租賃形式來(lái)實(shí)施，服務(wù)商的收入和利潤(rùn)來(lái)自客戶的租金。AVL認(rèn)可的供應(yīng)商(Approved Vendor List)對(duì)提供企業(yè)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的眾多供應(yīng)商中，某些符合公司的策略、對(duì)產(chǎn)品服務(wù)的要求，而成為合格或認(rèn)可的供應(yīng)商。BOM物料清單 (Bill Of Material)一般亦可稱(chēng)為產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)表或用料結(jié)構(gòu)表，它乃用來(lái)表示一產(chǎn)品成品或半成品是由那些零組件或素材原料所結(jié)合而成之組成元素明細(xì)，其該元素構(gòu)成單一產(chǎn)品所需之?dāng)?shù)量稱(chēng)之為基量，BOM是所有MRP系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)，如果BOM表有誤，則所有物料需求都會(huì)不正確。天瀚定義90階為PCBA95階為Driver或Bundle的程式97階為Engine 或 組合好的主機(jī)98階為連包裝盒的產(chǎn)品(不連外箱)DMT成熟度驗(yàn)證(Design Maturing Testing)以測(cè)試產(chǎn)品的穩(wěn)定度及成熟度為主，通常包含EMC測(cè)試及環(huán)境測(cè)試，有時(shí)也包含掉落測(cè)試。DVT 設(shè)計(jì)驗(yàn)證(Design Verification Testing)以測(cè)試產(chǎn)品的功能性為主，通常還包含Debug。ECRN原件規(guī)格更改通知(Engineer Change Request Notice)現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)品更換零件或原包材規(guī)格時(shí)，通知採(cǎi)購(gòu)部門(mén)依新規(guī)格採(cǎi)購(gòu)甚至變更BOM的憑據(jù)。EMC電磁相容(Electric Magnetic Capability)指電子產(chǎn)品的電磁輻射與對(duì)電磁的耐受能力ERP企業(yè)資源規(guī)劃 (Enterprise Resource Planning)於1998年在製造業(yè)市場(chǎng)上掀起一陣熱潮，ERP乃是一種企業(yè)再造的解決方案，藉由資訊科技的協(xié)助，將企業(yè)的營(yíng)運(yùn)策略及經(jīng)營(yíng)模式導(dǎo)入整個(gè)以資訊系統(tǒng)為主幹的企業(yè)體之中，其非只是科技上的改變，而是牽涉到組織內(nèi)部所有關(guān)於人員、資金、物流、製造及企業(yè)內(nèi)部之跨地域或跨國(guó)際之流程整合管理。FCST 預(yù)估(Forecast)目前只在報(bào)表中看到一次，通常會(huì)與報(bào)表的性質(zhì)相關(guān)，如銷(xiāo)售報(bào)表上為銷(xiāo)售預(yù)估，庫(kù)存報(bào)表上為庫(kù)存預(yù)估。FQC成品品質(zhì)管制 (Finish or Final Quality Control)成品未裝箱前的品管工作。IPQC製程品質(zhì)管制 (In-Process Quality Control)產(chǎn)品未完成前，尚在製程中的品管工作。IQC進(jìn)料品質(zhì)管制 (Incoming Quality Control)所有原物料在進(jìn)廠前的品質(zhì)管制，此時(shí)公司尚無(wú)原件的所有權(quán)，如未通過(guò)檢驗(yàn)則訂單並未完成，有些企業(yè)將IQC放在供應(yīng)商內(nèi)部執(zhí)行。ISO國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)組織 (International Organization for Standardization)於西元1946年由各國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)團(tuán)體所組成之世界性聯(lián)盟，制定各種規(guī)範(fàn)或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如9000為一品質(zhì)需求之系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，14000為環(huán)保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，18000為安全衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。其訴求之重點(diǎn)為要求企業(yè)內(nèi)部之運(yùn)作必須有一定之作業(yè)程序，且每個(gè)作業(yè)程序必須予以書(shū)面化，但其並不是在幫您企業(yè)制定作業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)各項(xiàng)作業(yè)流程必須按照公司所自訂之程序來(lái)執(zhí)行之，畢竟每個(gè)行業(yè)或公司都有其不同之文化，其運(yùn)作模式並非企業(yè)外之組織所能幫您制定，故以一簡(jiǎn)單之白話來(lái)表示：把做的寫(xiě)下來(lái)，按照寫(xiě)的做或言出必行，即為ISO所追求之最高宗旨。JIT即時(shí)管理 (Just In Time)JIT的基本原理是以需定供。即供方根據(jù)需方的要求(或稱(chēng)看板)，按照需方需求的品種、規(guī)格、質(zhì)量、數(shù)量、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等要求，將物品配送到指定的地點(diǎn)。不多送，也不少送，不早送，也不晚送，所送物品要個(gè)個(gè)保証質(zhì)量，不能有任何廢品。JIT供應(yīng)方式具有很多好處，主要有以下三個(gè)方面：1.零庫(kù)存。用戶需要多少，就供應(yīng)多少。不會(huì)產(chǎn)生庫(kù)存，佔(zhàn)用流動(dòng)資金。2.最大節(jié)約。用戶不需求的商品，就不用訂購(gòu)，可避免商品積壓、過(guò)時(shí)質(zhì)變等不良品浪費(fèi)，也可避免裝卸、搬運(yùn)以及庫(kù)存等費(fèi)用。3.零廢品。JIT能最大限度地限制廢品流動(dòng)所造成的損失。廢品隻能停留在供應(yīng)方，不可能配送給客戶。JIT的觀念簡(jiǎn)單但實(shí)行不易，特別是產(chǎn)品元件的Lead Time長(zhǎng)，常見(jiàn)到的假象是庫(kù)存建在供應(yīng)商，但如此供應(yīng)商成本增加而導(dǎo)致元件價(jià)格較高。MRP物料需求規(guī)劃 (Material Requirement Planning)MRP乃美國(guó)當(dāng)局鑑於針對(duì)存貨控管問(wèn)題之必要性，而由 Joseph A. Orlicky，George W. Plossl 及 Oliver W. Wight 三人在西元1970年於美國(guó)生產(chǎn)與存貨管制學(xué)會(huì)American Production and Inventory Control Society ，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)APICS會(huì)議中提出物料需求規(guī)劃之基本架構(gòu)；所謂MRP之計(jì)算即依照MPS之產(chǎn)品獨(dú)立需求，透過(guò)BOM展開(kāi)之零組件相依需求，配合著當(dāng)時(shí)之存貨狀況，以求得某段期間內(nèi)應(yīng)投入生產(chǎn)或執(zhí)行採(cǎi)購(gòu)之計(jì)劃方針，通常有二種方法及二種需求類(lèi)型。Forward Scheduling (前導(dǎo)式排程)以計(jì)劃中的訂單發(fā)出後為起點(diǎn)，開(kāi)始向前推導(dǎo)排程，一直到交貨期為止。Backward Scheduling (後導(dǎo)式排程)則與前導(dǎo)式相反，是以交貨期為起點(diǎn)，開(kāi)始向後推導(dǎo)排程。Independent Demand (獨(dú)立需求)指外界或消費(fèi)者對(duì)製成品或最終產(chǎn)品之市場(chǎng)需求，亦即企業(yè)所承接市場(chǎng)之訂單需求，因?yàn)樗男枨罅渴怯墒袌?chǎng)所決定，企業(yè)本身只可根據(jù)以往之經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則予以預(yù)測(cè)，而無(wú)法加以控制或決定，故稱(chēng)之為獨(dú)立需求。Dependant Demand (相依需求) 指由為製造產(chǎn)品所衍生對(duì)零組件或原物料之供料需求，因其需求多寡乃需源自產(chǎn)品之訂單需求量，即依附著產(chǎn)品需求而做變化，故稱(chēng)之為相依需求。OQC出貨品質(zhì)管制 (Out-going Quality Control)出貨前的品質(zhì)管制。QCC品管圈 (Quality Control Circle)原以生產(chǎn)線為主，品管圈是同一工作現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的人員所組成，自動(dòng)自發(fā)的持續(xù)進(jìn)行改善活動(dòng)的小團(tuán)體，目前延伸的有個(gè)別改善小組及知識(shí)管理社群等。SCM供應(yīng)鏈管理 (Supply Chain Management)產(chǎn)品由起始原料轉(zhuǎn)換成完成品至最終顧客手上的流動(dòng)過(guò)程中，影響其執(zhí)行績(jī)效的個(gè)體組合而成之網(wǎng)路稱(chēng)為供給鏈，供給鏈的組成個(gè)體可能包括：供應(yīng)商製造工廠配銷(xiāo)點(diǎn)零售商最終