高考英語譯林版必修4探究學案：Unit 2 Period Two Word版含答案.doc

period twoword power & grammar and usagepart language focus.單詞自測1.transport n.交通運輸系統(tǒng)；交通工具；運輸；vt.運輸，運送2.citizen n.公民；居民citizenship n.公民身份；公民權(quán)3.vest n.背心，汗衫；坎肩4.kettle n.(燒水用的)壺，水壺5.otherwise adv.否則，不然.短語默寫1.put.together把放在一起2.get_around 隨意走走；旅行；傳播，流傳3.make_friends 交朋友4.go_sightseeing 去觀光，去游覽5.look forward to 盼望，期望6.as.as possible 盡可能地7.come up with 提出；想出8.be helpful for 對有幫助，對有益1.transport n.u交通運輸系統(tǒng)；交通工具；運輸 vt.運輸，運送語境感悟(1)(教材p29)public transport ought to be convenient.公共交通應該是方便的。(2)wheat is transported from the farms to the mills.把小麥從農(nóng)場運到面粉廠。歸納拓展air/water/ocean/rail transport 空運/水運/海運/鐵路運輸transport .(from .) to .把(從)運到transportation n.運輸易混辨析transport/traffictransport作“交通”講時，指交通運輸系統(tǒng)、運輸工具traffic作“交通”講時，指路上的行人、車馬，著重指數(shù)量的多少。故“交通擁擠，交通中斷”中的“交通”都用traffic即時跟蹤用transport，traffic填空the government should try to improve the public transport system so people will use private cars less.he slowed his car down while driving in heavy traffic.2.otherwise adv.否則，不然；在其他方面；以不同的方式語境感悟(1)(教材p31)otherwise，you may hurt yourself.否則，你可能會傷著你自己。(2)in the kindergarten，the children learn singing，dancing，drawing and otherwise.孩子們在幼兒園里學唱歌、跳舞、畫畫等。(3)everybody has his merits or otherwise.每個人都有自己的優(yōu)點和缺點。歸納拓展and otherwise 等等；及其他or otherwise 或相反；或其他情況即時跟蹤用otherwise以及相關短語完成句子turn off the gas when the milk boils.otherwise it will be spilt.they recognize the impact that defects have，economic and_otherwise.you must accept the result，satisfactory or_e up with 想出，提出，提供(計劃、建議、想法等)語境感悟(1)(教材p27)when you have finished，try to come up with two more events for each category.當你完成后，每一種類盡量再提出兩個項目。(2)i hope you can come up with a good solution to the problem.我希望你能想出一個解決問題的好辦法。(3) i came across your necklace when i was cleaning the bathroom this morning.我今天早上打掃浴室的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)了你的項鏈。歸納拓展come about發(fā)生come across (偶然)遇見/發(fā)現(xiàn)come along 到達；抵達；出現(xiàn)come up被提出；出現(xiàn)；發(fā)芽come out出來；長出；出版；結(jié)果是 即時跟蹤用適當?shù)慕樵~填空how did this situation come about?you should be ready to solve any problem that may come along.the matter came up again at the board meeting.how is dennis getting along with his work?well，he could always _ a new idea for increasing sales.a.come up with b.come aboutc.get away with d.get up答案a解析句意：丹尼斯工作如何？很好，他總能想出利于銷售的新主意。come up with想出，提出(主意、計劃等)，符合句意。2.“get過去分詞”類短語語境感悟(1)(教材p29)that sounds like a great idea，but ill have to take a shower and get dressed.那聽起來是個好主意，但我得洗澡，穿衣服(2)small talk even helps people get hired.閑聊，甚至幫助人們獲得工作。(3)the picture got damaged when we were moving.我們搬家時，那張畫被碰壞了。歸納拓展get dressed穿衣服是“get過去分詞”短語此類常見的短語有：get burnt燒傷get paid得到報酬get married結(jié)婚 get injured/hurt受傷get separated分離 get damaged毀掉get changed換衣服 get drunk喝醉即時跟蹤完成句子rachel and david are getting_married on saturday.雷切爾和戴維將在星期六結(jié)婚。in china，most workers get_paid_by_the_month.在中國，大部分工人按月領工資。to avoid_on how to use the word，youd better refer to a dictionary.a.to get confused b.getting confusedc.to get confusing d.getting confusing答案b解析動詞avoid后需跟動詞-ing形式，同時系動詞get 后要跟過去分詞，因此答案選b。狀語從句的省略語境感悟(1)(教材p29)when choosing a city to host the olympics，there are certain things we need to consider.當我們選擇一個主辦奧運會的城市時，必須要考慮某些事情。(2)if (you are) accepted for the job，youll be informed soon.如果你被錄用做這份工作的話，你將會很快接到通知。(3)although (he was) a farmer，now he is a famous director.盡管他曾是個農(nóng)民，現(xiàn)在卻是位著名的導演。(4)as (he was) young，he learned how to ride a bike.他小時候就學會了騎自行車。歸納拓展(1)教材原句使用了when引導的時間狀語從句，從句里省略了主語we 和連系動詞are(2)狀語從句的省略需要同時具備下列兩個條件：主句和從句的主語一致，或從句主語為it從句中的主要動詞是be的某種形式時，從句中的主語和be動詞?？墒÷约磿r跟蹤完成句子whenever_(she_is)_free，she often goes shopping.她一有空就去逛商店。he wont go there with us unless_(he_is)_invited.除非受到邀請，否則他不會和我們一起去那里。the teacher told us to remain silent unless _.a.to be asked b.askedc.being asked d.you asked答案b解析句意：老師告訴我們要保持沉默，除非被問到。這里是unless引導的條件狀語從句，原句應是unless we were asked，主句和從句主語一致，從句中包含助動詞be，主語和be動詞可省略。這里省略了we were。.單詞拼寫1.jenny helped me with my study.otherwise(否則) i couldnt have passed the exam.2.babies who were born in america have become citizens(公民) of the united states.3.all the goods will be transported(運輸) by train and delivered to every part of the country.4.ill put the kettle(壺) on and make some tea.5.he takes off his coat to reveal a bright red vest(背心).選詞填空make friends，look forward to，as.as possible，get around，come up with1.looking_forward_to the future，we hope to expand our overseas branches.2.public transport provides a cheap way to get_around in beijing.3.he decided to make_friends with most of the classmates in the class.4.try to make your poster as attractive as_possible.5.although against my opinion，the old professor didnt come_up_with his own.完成句子1.as_(she_was)_walking_along_the_river_bank，she was singing a pop song.她一邊沿著河堤走，一邊唱著流行歌曲。2.the_newly-built_supermarket is to be opened next month.新建的那個超市將于下個月營業(yè)。3.the student dressed_in_white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的學生是我女兒。4.thailand is a great place to_go_sightseeing.泰國是一個觀光旅游的好地方。5.his_coming_here added to our trouble.他的到來增加了我們的困難。.單項填空1.news_soon that he had resigned.a.got down b.got awayc.got around d.got through答案c解析句意：他辭職的消息很快傳開了。get around傳播，流傳。2._ along the old silk road is an interesting and rewarding experience.a.travel b.travelingc.having traveled d.traveled答案b解析句意：沿著古老的“絲綢之路”旅行是一次有趣、有意義的經(jīng)歷。分析句子成分可知，本句空格處在句中作主語，應用動名詞的一般式。選項c為其完成式，不符合語法要求。3.when first_to the market，these products enjoyed great success.a.introducing b.introducedc.introduce d.being introduced答案b解析when 引導的時間狀語從句的主語為these products，跟主句的主語一致，從句謂語動詞應用were introduced，所以主語和be動詞均可省略，故選b。4.in some parts of london，missing a bus_waiting for another hour.a.means b.mean c.meant d.meaning答案a解析動名詞短語作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，故選a。5.thanks for your kind help.we would have_lost the game!a.therefore b.or c.otherwise d.then答案c解析由would have lost看出使用了虛擬語氣，otherwise意為“否則，要不然”，表示了假設的條件。故選c。part grammar情態(tài)動詞一、情態(tài)動詞表特別語氣1.can和could(1)表示能力，可譯為“能，會”。one cannot learn a language well unless one works hard.學好一種語言非下苦功不可。(2)表示允許、許可，常用在口語中。could比can語氣上要客氣。he asked me whether he could take the book out of the reading room.他問我可不可以把書帶出閱覽室。(3)表示驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度，主要用于否定句和疑問句中。how can you be excused for such a silly reason?你怎么會因為如此可笑的借口而得到原諒呢？注意：cannot/can never.too.意為“不可能太，無論怎樣也不算過分，越越”。you cant praise the book too much.這本書值得大加贊揚。2.must(1)must表示有做某一動作的必要或義務，強調(diào)主觀看法，可譯為“必須，應該”。teachers must be patient enough with their students.老師必須對學生有足夠的耐心。(2)must not表示禁止，是說話人強有力的勸告或命令，意為“一定不要，不準”。you must not be governed by the opinions of others.你絕不要受別人意見的支配。(3)must可用來表示“偏偏，非要”的意思。when i was taking a nap，a student must knock at the door.正當我午睡時，偏偏一個學生在這個時候來敲門。注意：(1)以must提問的一般疑問句，意為“必須嗎”?？隙ɑ卮鹩胢ust(必須)，否定回答用neednt或dont/doesnt have to(不必)。must i finish the work today?我必須在今天完成工作嗎？yes，you must.是的，你必須。no，you neednt.不，你不必。(2)have to與must的區(qū)別have to“必須，不得不”，意義與must相近。但must表示的是說話人的主觀看法，而have to則往往強調(diào)客觀需要。must只有一種形式，即現(xiàn)在式與過去式都是一種形式，而have to則涉及各種人稱、時態(tài)等方面的變化形式。in order to take the exam，well have to finish the whole book by the end of this month.為了考試，我們將不得不在月底結(jié)束整本書。3.may和might(1)may和might表示請求、許可，常譯為“可以”。在口語中可用can，could代替may，但在正式場合用may。表示允許時，也可用might代替，might不表示過去時，而是表示語氣比較婉轉(zhuǎn)。you may take this seat if you like.如果你喜歡可以坐這個位置。may/might i have a talk with you?我可以和你談談嗎？(2)may well主要用于加強推測的語氣，表示具有較大的可能性，意為“很可能，大可以”。may/might as well主要用于表示提議或勸告，意為“最好，不妨”。what you say may well be true.你說的很可能是事實。i may as well start at once.我最好馬上就動身。4.shall(1)表示征詢意見或請求指示，用于第一、三人稱疑問句。(2)表示說話人的意愿，有“命令、允諾、警告、決心”等意思，用于第二、三人稱陳述句。you shall fall behind in your exam if you keep playing.如果你一直玩，你就會在考試中落后。(警告)we shall defend our city，whatever the cost may be.不管代價如何，我們要捍衛(wèi)我們的城市。(決心)he shall have the book when i finish reading.我看完這本書就給他。(允諾)5.should和ought to(1)should/ought to表示義務，意為“應該”(某件事宜于做)，用于各種人稱。customers who get bad service should complain，shouldnt they?沒有得到滿意服務的顧客應該抱怨，不是嗎？the children ought to be taken good care of.這些孩子應該受到好的照顧。(2)should常與what，how，why等詞連用，表示意外、驚訝等情緒。its strange you should say that，because i was thinking of it myself just now.很奇怪你會說到那件事，因為剛才我自己也在想它。6.will和would(1)will和would可表示意志、愿望和決心，用于各種人稱陳述句。i will never tell you the secret.我永遠不會告訴你這個秘密。they would not let him in because he was poorly dressed.他們不讓他進去因為他衣著破舊。(2)will和would可表示某種傾向或習慣性動作。will表示現(xiàn)在的習慣動作，would表示過去的習慣動作。the boy will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.那男孩常常坐在那兒好幾個鐘頭，看著車輛行人通過。注意：would與used to的區(qū)別would僅表示過去反復出現(xiàn)的動作，同現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系；used to則著眼于過去和現(xiàn)在的對比，隱含現(xiàn)在已不存在。he used to be a naughty boy and cause trouble.他過去是個調(diào)皮的孩子，總會制造麻煩。7.need(1)情態(tài)動詞needneed作為情態(tài)動詞時，只有need一種形式，主要用于否定句和疑問句。you neednt return the book now.you can keep it till next week if you like.你現(xiàn)在不必還書，如果愿意，你可以下周還。need he finish the article next week?他要下個星期完成這篇文章嗎？yes，he must.是的，他必須完成。no，he neednt.不，他不需要。(he doesnt have to)(2)行為動詞needneed作行為動詞，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑問句中。有人稱和數(shù)的變化。he has grown up.we dont need to worry about him.他已經(jīng)長大了，我們不必為他擔心。二、情態(tài)動詞表猜測1.must表示推測，它的肯定程度比may，might，could大得多，一般只用于肯定句。carol must get very bored with her job.she does the same thing every day.卡蘿爾肯定對她的工作厭煩了。她每天都做同樣的事。2.can/could表示推測，可用于肯定句(can罕見)、否定句和疑問句，但更常見于疑問句或否定句。that man cant be our headmaster.our headmaster has gone to england.那個人不可能是我們的校長。我們校長去英國了。注意：can可以用于肯定句中表客觀可能性，譯為“有時會，可能會”。the temperature can fall to-60 ；that is 60 below freezing.氣溫可降至-60 ，也就是冰點以下60 。3.ought to/should表示推測，暗含很大的可能，譯為“應該是，會是”。4.may/might表示推測，譯為“可能，也許”?？赡苄孕?。he might recover from the disease，but i am not sure.他或許可以從疾病中恢復過來，但是我沒有把握。三、情態(tài)動詞have done1.must have done表示對過去事實有把握的推測，具有較大的可能性。只用于肯定句中，否定句和疑問句用can/could have done。i rang your flat yesterday.a man answered but i didnt recognize the voice.oh，it must have been my brother peter.昨天我給你家打電話。一位男士接了電話，但我沒聽出來是誰的聲音。哦，那一定是我哥哥彼得。2.can/could have done表示對過去事實的推測，常用于否定句和疑問句。lesley walked past me without speaking.she cant/couldnt have seen me.萊斯利從我身邊走過而沒打招呼，她肯定沒看見我。3.could have done可表示對過去能做而未做的事感到惋惜、遺憾，譯為“本來是可以的”，只用于肯定句中。given more time，we could have done the work better.如果給我們更多的時間，我們可以把這項工作做得更好。4.should/ought to have done表示對過去動作的責備或批評，譯為“本應該做卻沒做”。he should have given priority to his safety rather than to the loss of money.他本來應該優(yōu)先考慮他的安全，而不是金錢的損失。5.neednt have done用于對過去的責備，表示“沒有必要做某事，可是做了”。it was fine that day，so i need not have brought an umbrella with me.那天天氣很好，我原本不必帶傘的(但卻帶了)。.用適當?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空1.lets keep together or we shall lose each other.2.the sailors couldnt see land for many days.3.since you have no time，you need not attend the tea party.4.under no circumstances shall i leave you.5.they had_to put off the sports meet due to the bad weather.6.put on more clothes.you must be feeling cold with only a shirt on.7.he just had his lunch.he cant be hungry already.8.will you share your happiness with us?9.i promise her daughter shall get a nice present on her birthday.will it be a big surprise to her?10.ive decided to take the job and i wont change my mind.單項填空1.george _ too far.his coffee is still warm.a.must have gone b.might have gonec.cant have gone d.neednt have gone答案c解析句意：喬治不可能走遠。他的咖啡還是熱的。cant have done表示對過去情況的否定推測，意為“不可能做了”。2.i love the weekend，because i _ get up early on saturdays and sundays.a.neednt b.mustntc.wouldnt d.shouldnt答案a解析句意：我喜歡周末，因為每逢周六、周日我不需要早起。neednt意為“不需要”；mustnt意為“禁止”；wouldnt意為“不會”；shouldnt意為“不應該”。根據(jù)句意可知選a項。3.in todays information age，the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.a.need b.should c.can d.must答案c解析句意：在今天的信息化時代，丟失數(shù)據(jù)可能會給公司造成嚴重的問題。can在此表示客觀可能性，意為“可能會，有時候會”；need意為“需要”；should表示“(按道理)應當”之意；must可表主觀猜測，意為“一定、肯定會”，均不符合題意。4.sorry，mum！i failed the job interview again.oh，its too bad.you _ have made full preparations.a.must b.can c.would d.should答案d解析句意：很抱歉，媽媽，我的面試又失敗了。噢，真是太糟糕了，你本應該做好充分準備的。should have done本應該做但是沒有做。5.you _ feel all the training a waste of time，but im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.a.should b.need c.shall d.may答案d解析句意：你可能覺得所有的培訓都是浪費時間，但是我百分之百確定，你以后會為你這么做了而心存感激的。由句意可知，此處表示語氣不強烈的推測，故用may。6.you _ be carol.you havent changed a bit after all these years.a.must b.can c.will d.shall答案a解析句意：你一定是卡蘿爾，這些年以來你一點都沒變。根據(jù)第二句可知，此處應用must表示很有把握的推測，意為“一定，肯定”；must表推測時只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑問句。7.it was so noisy that we _ hear ourselves speak.a.couldnt b.shouldntc.mustnt d.neednt答案a解析句意：太吵鬧了，我們連自己說的話都聽不到。couldnt表示“不能”，符合語境。8.i _have worried before i came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.a.mightnt b.mustntc.neednt d.couldnt答案c解析句意：在來到新學校前我本不必擔心，因為在新學校我的同班同學對我很友好。neednt have done.本沒必要做，符合題意。9.life is unpredictable；even the poorest _ become the richest.a.shall b.must c.need d.might答案d解析句意：生活是無法預測的，甚至最貧窮的人也許會成為最富有的人。根據(jù)前句“l(fā)ife is unpredictable”說明一切都有可能，所以使用might表示存在的可能性。10.i still remember my happy childhood when my mother _ take me to disneyland at weekends.a.might b.must c.would d.should答案c解析句意：我仍舊記得我快樂的童年，那時我的母親常在周末帶我去迪斯尼樂園。would表示過去的習慣性動作，可譯為“過去常?！薄?詞形變換1.to his great delight (delighted)，his novel was accepted for publication.2.they were in competition(compete) with each other for the prize.3.we climbed in through a small opening (open).4.the company paid his transportation(transport) to america.5.the children were excited (excite) at the thought of the journey.單項填空1.once _，this dictionary will be very popular!a.printed b.printingc.to print d.is printed答案a解析句意：一旦出版，這本詞典將會非常暢銷！ 原句是once this dictionary is printed，當狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時，可以省略狀語從句的主語和系動詞be。2.she published her first comic strip in guangzhou，while_in a designing school in hunan province.a.studying b.is studyingc.studied d.was studying答案a解析從句的完整形式為：while she was studying in.，從句中的she和was都被省去。3.everyone is trying to _ a better idea to persuade him to stay.a.put out b.come acrossc.come up with d.put up with答案c解析句意：每個人都在努力想出一個更好的主意勸他留下。put out“撲滅”；come across“偶遇”；come up with“提出，想出”；put up with“忍受”。4.im afraid mr.harding_see you now.hes busy.a.cant b.mustntc.shouldnt d.neednt答案a解析句意：恐怕harding先生現(xiàn)在不可能見你，他很忙。cant不可能；mustnt禁止，不準；shouldnt不應該；neednt不必，由句意知選a項。5.although you_find bargains in london，its not generally a cheap place to shop.a.should b.need c.must d.can答案d解析句意：雖然你可能在倫敦找到便宜貨，但那通常不是一個購物便宜的地方。can表示“可能”時盡管多用于否定句和疑問句中，但在肯定句中也可以表示“可能”，指客觀上的可能性。由句意可知，此處指客觀上的可能性，故選can。6.christmas day is usually celebrated on december 25th _ the birth of jesus christ.a.in praise of b.in honour ofc.in terms of d.in association with答案b解析句意：人們通常在十二月二十五日慶祝圣誕日以紀念耶穌基督的誕辰；in praise of “稱贊”；in honour of “紀念”；in terms of “在方面”；in association with “與在一起，與聯(lián)合”。7.thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldnt have found it _.a.nowhere b.however c.otherwise d.instead答案c解析句意：謝謝你給我們指明方向，否則我們不可能找到這棟房子。otherwise表示“否則”，符合語境。而nowhere“無處”，however“然而”，instead“取代”，均不符合句意。8.what an important _ mr.smith played in the cartoon and animation expo!a.role b.recordc.activity d.significance答案a解析句意：史密斯先生在這次動漫展中發(fā)揮了多么重要的作用?。lay a role/part in為固定搭配，意為“在中扮演角色；在發(fā)揮作用”。9.since you have made such good preparations，there_be any problem about passing the coming exam.a.mustnt b.shant c.shouldnt d.neednt答案c解析句意：既然你已做了這么好的準備，通過即將來臨的考試，你不應該有任何問題。there shouldnt be.不應該有。10.the woman biologist had stayed in africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.oh，dear！she_a lot of difficulties!a.may go throughb.might to go throughc.ought to have gone throughd.must have gone through答案d解析由上句的“這位女生物學家在回國前在非洲待了13年來研究動物”可推測，她一定經(jīng)歷了許多困難。表示對過去情況的肯定推測用must have done的形式。.閱讀理解aalexis was hot_and tired.with rage in her voice she shouted，“pull me up! i give up，i hate this.this is stupid! ”it was at that moment when jason，the adviser on the trip，looked at me and said，“ed，im going to go down and talk with her.”i then shouted down to alexis，“hold on! you can do this.we know you can! ”jason grasped another rope，put his climbing harness(系帶)on and began to repel down the cliff.within moments jason was beside alexis.she had her cheek directly against the face of the rock with her feet barely resting on a small piece of the cliff that jetted outward.jason said to alexis，“i know that you have been on this cliff now for what seems like a long time.your feet and fingers are cramping(痙攣)up and your forearms feel as though they are on fire.but，alexis，you are strong，look how far up you are already.you have taken one of the more difficult paths up the cliff.look alexis，look at the path you have taken.”at that moment，alexis moved her cheek away from the rock face and looked down.the bright white chalk she used on her hands to give her a better hold，showed the path where her tired hands had moved her upward on the cliff.jason was right.alexis had taken the hardest way up the cliff.jason then looked straight into alexis eyes and in a calm voice he said，“you are not alone out here，there are people who care about you，who want to help you and see you succeed.we are going to do this together.are you ready? ”slowly she shook her head yes and took a deep breath.【語篇解讀】文章講解了亞歷克西斯在一次攀巖的過程中，爬到一半時自己想放棄了，在賈森的幫助鼓勵下最終鼓足了勇氣繼續(xù)攀登。1. jason went down the cliff because_.a.alexis took a wrong pathb.alexis was trapped i