人教版選修七unit 5 travelling abroad grammar學(xué)案.docVIP

unit 5 travelling abroad grammar學(xué)案單元語法：非限制性定語從句(non-restrictive attributive clause)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：掌握非限制性定語從句和限制性定語從句的區(qū)別。重點語法解說： 非限制性定語從句是對先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句通常用逗號分開。 eg. the house, which we bought last month, is very nice.這棟房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。1. 非限制性定語從句和限制性定語從句比較：非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句形式上是對先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，刪除后主句意思仍完整是先行詞不可缺少的定語，不能刪除譯法上常譯成主句的并列句譯成先行詞的定語“的”關(guān)系詞不能省略，不能用that,少用whywhich, that, who, whose, whom, why, where2. 非限制性定語從句關(guān)系詞?？键c回放：1） 關(guān)系詞在任何情況下都不能省略。2） 不能用that 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。who（主語），whom（賓語），which(主語，賓語)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時也不能互換。3） 介詞+which/whom+從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞不能移到從句后邊。例如：the reporter was interviewing the young man whom mr. wen talked with.4） 關(guān)系代詞as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的辨析：相同：兩者都可替代主句的整個內(nèi)容，而不僅是主句中的某一個詞。不同：as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句既可放在主句前，又可放在主句后，有時還可插入主句中；而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能置于主句之后。as表示“正如”含義；which表示“這一點/個”含義。此外，as多用于下列習(xí)慣用語中：as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到的那樣；as is well known= as is known to all 眾所周知；as we had expected 正如我們所預(yù)料的那樣；as often happens 正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣；as has been said before 如前所述；as is mentioned above 正如上面提到的。注意：后置的定語從句是否定句或者表示否定意義時只能用which，不能用as。5） 兩個需要特別注意的引導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)： “from+where”引導(dǎo)的定語從句 his head soon appeared out of one of the second storey windows, from where he could see what was happening on the street. 不一會兒，他從二樓的一扇窗戶里探出頭來，從那兒他能夠看到街上所發(fā)生的事情。 “介詞+when”引導(dǎo)的定語從句 此時when所代表的常常是前面的句子所提供的時間背景。 that was in 1929, since when things have been better. 那是在1929年，從那時起情況就好轉(zhuǎn)了。預(yù)習(xí)自測題 劃出如下課文原句中所含定語從句，指出關(guān)系代詞在從句中所作成分，并翻譯整個句子。1.xie lei, who is 21 years old, has come to our university to study for a business qualification. ( )_2.she is halfway through the preparation year, which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course. ( )_3.you have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning, explained xie lei, who had lived all her life in the same city in china. ( )_4.living with host families, in which there may be other college students, gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture. ( )_5.he wanted to know what i thought, which confused me because i thought that the author of the article knew far more than i did. ( )_課堂檢測題單句語法填空，注意關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞的使用1. he passed the difficult exam, _ made us very surprised.2. the house, _ roof needs repairing, belongs to my aunt.3. this is beijing, the place _ i was born.4. she has written a book, the name of _ i have forgotten.5. there are fifty-five students in our class, all of _ are working hard.6. _ is known to all, the moon travels around the earth. 當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練題把下列句子合并成一個含有非限制性定語從句的復(fù)合句。1.my brother, jim, is working in paris, and paris is the capital of france._2.he is waiting for his passport. he spent 100 dollars on his passport._3.the factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year and 80% of them are sold abroad._翻譯句子(用非限制性定語從句翻譯句子)1. 他通過了期末考試，這讓我們很高興。2. 她是一個可愛的女孩，我們都喜歡她。3.他是新房子很大，坐落在山腳下。課后練習(xí)題一、語法填空(使用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空)when willbur wright was eleven years old and his younger brother orville was seven, their father brought a home gift for them. it was a small flying machine_1_ flew like helicopters of today. the motor was a rubber band _2_ had to be turned many times until it was tight. willbur and orville played with their new toy together. finally, the paper tore and the rubber band broke. they made another one, _3_ was too heavy to fly. their first flying machine failed. but the wright brothers never stopped thinking about flying machines.in 1899, the wright brothers decided to learn about different kinds of flying machines_4_ had been designed and tested through many years. they read many books about people _5_ sailed through the air under huge balloons. they also read about people _6_ tried to fly on gliders(滑翔機(jī))planes with wings, but no motors.then they began to design their own flying machine. in 1900, the wright brothers tested a glider _7_ could carry a person. on december 17, 1903, they made the worlds first flight in a machine_8_ was heavier then air and powered by an engine. few newspapers, however, noted the event.the wright brothers became famous almost five years later, _9_ the united states war department agreed to buy a wright brothers plane. wilbur and orville suddenly became world heroes. newspapers wrote long stories about them. crowds followed them. but they were not seeking fame. they returned to dayton_10_ they continued to improve their airplanes.二、單項填空。1. helen is much more kind to her youngest child than to the others, _, of course, makes the others unhappy. a. who b . which c. she d. that2. sometimes the earthquake is so violent that it can destroy the whole city, _ happened in tangshan in 1976. a. as b. that c. where d. like3. recently my father bought a chinese painting, _ was very reasonable. a. the price of whoseb. which price c. the price of which d.its price4. this dictionary, _ my father bought in america, has been highly recommended by my english teacher. a. whatb. which c. thisd. one5. the boy, _ father is an engineer, studies very hard. a. what b. hisc. whose d. whom6. the chinese government has decided to develop the west of china, _, i dare say, will benefit the people there, especially those who are still leading a poor life. a. whatb. whateverc. which d. as三、改錯。1. dont worry. you shall get the book you want this friday, which, according to the record, mr clark is to return it.2. nowadays, teenagers like to go to the fast food restaurants, who, as the name says, service doesnt take much time. 四、用非限制性定語從句翻譯下面的句子。1. 彼得現(xiàn)在回倫敦了，你在巴黎見過他。2. 她父親是位大學(xué)教授，對她要求很嚴(yán)格。 參考答案1.預(yù)習(xí)自測題1. who is 21 years old; 主語；謝蕾，今年21歲，來我們大學(xué)上學(xué)，希望獲得工商管理資格證書。2. which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course；賓語；她已經(jīng)讀完半年預(yù)科課程，這是大多數(shù)外籍學(xué)生在進(jìn)入學(xué)位課程學(xué)習(xí)之前都要學(xué)的課程。3. which can take up all your concentration in the beginning；主語；who had lived all her life in the same city in china；主語；“你還必須習(xí)慣一種全新的生活方式，在一開始的時候這就會占去你的全部精力?！敝x蕾解釋說，她在中國時一直居住在同一座城市。4. in which there may be other college students；介詞+關(guān)系代詞which作狀語；有的房東家也許會住著其他大學(xué)生，跟這樣的人家住在一起會給她提供機(jī)會更好地了解新的文化。5. which confused me because i thought that the author of the article knew far more than i did；主語；他想要知道我自己的想法，這倒把我弄糊涂了，因為該文作者知道的比我多得多。2.課堂檢測題1.which 2.whose 3.where (=in which) 4.which 5.whom 6.as3.當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練題把下列句子合并成一個含有非限制性定語從句的復(fù)合句。1.my brot