英語語法論文 英語教學論文.doc

英語語法論文英語教學論文淺談英語教學中語法“主謂一致” 摘要主語的單復數形式決定著謂語動詞的單復數形式，主謂一致必須遵循以上三個原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。關鍵詞英語教學 主謂語一致 語法原則英語中，主語的單復數形式決定著謂語動詞的單復數形式，主謂一致必須遵循以上三個原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。一、語法一致原則主語單復數決定著謂語動詞單復數，即主語是單數，謂語動詞用單數；主語是復數，謂語動詞用復數。The medicine doesnt work , I still feel sick.二、意義一致原則1.謂語動詞用單數的情況（1）單數名詞及不可數名詞做主語The worker and the wtiter are from Sichuan.（2）在意義上指同一個人，同一個事或同一概念The worker and the wtiter js from Sichuan.（3）當eachand each，everyand every，Noand no，many aand many a結構做主語時。No man and no animal is to be found on the monn.（4）one/each/either/the number of +復n.做主語。Each of the students has a book.（5）不定代詞each,anyther,the other ,either ,neither和some/any/no/every+one/thing構成的復合代詞做主語。Is evetyone here today（6）表時間、金錢、距離、重量、計量、空間、體積等意義的復數名詞做主語。Eight hours of sleep is emongh.（7） many a +單數名詞和more than one+單數名詞做元語Eg: Many a comrade has that kind of epportanion。2.謂語動詞用復數的情況（1）由and 連接兩個并列成分表示不同的概念Eg： Bread and bwlter are soloi out。（2）有生命的集體名詞做主語。Eg:The pollce are ynvestigating the crime。(3)一些常用做復數成只有復數形成的名詞，如：good s, stais等做主語。eg :The goods are made im chian。(4)由山脈、群島、瀑布等以s結尾的專有名詞的主語。eg :The Himalagas are the roof of the wond。3.謂語動詞單、多數視情況而言（1）集體的名詞 class、family、any、team，等作主語，強調整體用單數指個體成員用復數。eg :The family are payinga visit to Beijing。（2）單復數同形的名詞做主語的謂語動詞形成要根據其具體含義而應，這類詞有：means work pains fish sheep等。eg：Evey means has been tried to solve the problem but work is effective。There are variavs means of commwrieting with a stanfers。(3)kind /sort/pair/tyke/+of+n 作主語，以這些名詞本身的單復數而言。Some kinds anmals are dying our.(4)all ,home, some,any等不定代詞作主語，根據其指代內容而定。All is going on very well.All are present besides the prorfssor.(5) half/most/emongh /pant /the last /the last /a lot /plenty /分數/百分數+of /+n.主語，謂語動詞和of之后的名詞單復數保持一致。A lot of students are coming to the meeting.A lot of work is to be done to prdpant for the meeting(6)當the +adj/done作主語時，當the +adj/done表一類人或物時，謂語動詞用復數，如果指某一抽象概念時，謂語動詞用單數。The sick here are very well.The time is to be distignshed from the fall .三、就近一致原則1.由or eirtheror, neithernor， not only also， notbut。等連接的并列主語、謂語與最近的主語保持一致。注：with/ along with/ together with/in clnding/ but/ except/ like/ as well as / no more them/ no less then/ besides/ rather than/ in addition to+n,作示主語后、謂語動詞一般與前面的名詞在單復數上保持一致。eg:Aenny rather than Jane and John is responsible for the loss。2.在there be 句型中，如果兩