八年級英語上冊知識點集錦.doc

八年級英語上冊知識點集錦 1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a.,every.用一般現(xiàn)在時，第一、二人稱復(fù)數(shù)后跟動詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)后跟動詞加s/es。2、如有now ,look! ,listen, at the moment .用現(xiàn)在進行時，結(jié)構(gòu)是be (am, is, are) +v-ing3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段時間, some day, next.用一般將來時，結(jié)構(gòu)：will + v原 /be going to +v原（沒有動詞用be ）4、如有yesterday, .ago , last.just now.用一般過去時動詞加ed 5. 比較幾個“花費”spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花費時間做某事 sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人花費時間做某事 sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花費錢買某物 sb. spend some money (in) buying sth.某人花費錢買某物 Cost: sth . cost sb. some money 某物花去某人錢pay: sb. pay some money for sth. 某人支付錢Take: It takes (took) sb. some time to do sth.做某事花去某人時間 6.else常修飾不定代詞，關(guān)系代詞或副詞，也可修飾all, much,little等，else要位于其后。所有格為elses. else修飾不定代詞something ,everything anything , nothing, somebody, anybody ,nobody和who, what ,when ,where時放后。（something else）7.the number of 的數(shù)目，后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動詞用三單, a number of =many,大量，許多后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。（a large number of， a small number of ）8.四說，1,speak說語言，2.say說內(nèi)容，3,talk與誰說，4,tell告訴，講述，四看，1,watch觀看電視，比賽和表演，2,see看人，電影，醫(yī)生，風(fēng)景， 3,read看書，報，4,look就看。 看場電影要用see，讀書看報用read 電視、戲劇、比賽，凡是表演用watch,observe細觀察，一時注意用notice.9. it is +adj.+of sb +to do sth.寫性格，品質(zhì),如：kind, good, nice , right, wrong, clever, careless, polite, foolish等。It is+adj+for sb +to do sth. 對物的評價，如：difficult ,easy, hard, dangerous, important,等10.建議：1. why dont you do sth?=why not do sth? 2. How about doing sth?=what about doing sth? 3. You should /can do sth. 4. Remember to do sth. 5. Dont forget to do sth. 6. can you do sth ? 7. Lets do sth. 8. Its a good idea to do 9.would you like to do ? 10.Shall we do? 11.Youd better (not )do sth.回答：Thats a good idea. Thanks a lot. Great, OK. Thats right. All right. Good idea. Sure. Certainly. of course12.連系動詞，一是be (am, is ,are ,was ,were,)一感覺feel ，二是保持keep，三是變become,get,turn，四是起來taste ,smell , look, sound，后跟形容詞作表語。13.不定代詞：somebody, someone 某人，anybody,anyone任何人nobody,no one，沒人everyone,everybody每個人,something某物 ,anything任何物,nothing沒事,everything一切事物，修飾他們的形容詞放后。（something wrong）15.交通工具的乘坐，take the(a) +交通工具to , =go.by+交通工具=go.on /in+a(the)+交通工具(小汽車只能用in ，其余的可用in ,on); 17.so .that如此.以致于.如果that后是否定,就可以用too.to轉(zhuǎn)換,如果是肯定就用,形容+enough(for sb )to do sth.18. over,在.上面,正上方,中間有段空間,反義為underon 在.上面,貼著物表,反義beneath, above在.上方,高出,反義below19. none 用于三個以上的全否定，反義為all；neither兩個都不，反義為both, 20.感官動詞see ,hear ,watch,feel ,notice,smell,taste后+名詞或代詞+動詞原形(表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)后+名詞或代詞+Ving(表示動作正在進行)21.英語中當幾個單數(shù)人稱同時作主語時，先后順序是“第二人稱、三、一”22.not .until直到.才.(主句中常用非延續(xù)性動詞)till/until直到.為止(主句中常用延續(xù)性動詞)23.when,while ,as的區(qū)別 When可與持續(xù)性動詞連用,表示一段時間,也可與短暫性動詞連用,表示時刻。主句的動作可以與從句的動作同時發(fā)生,也可以先后發(fā)生.如果主從句都是短暫性動詞時,只能用WhenWhile表示主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生.其從句的動詞必須為延續(xù)性動詞,從句多用進行時態(tài),也可用表示狀態(tài)的動詞的一般時態(tài).如果主從句都是進行時,只能用Whileas與When同義,但as指主句的動作和從句的動作交替進行或同步發(fā)展.24. no one,一般不與of連用，動詞用單數(shù)，只指人，一般用來回答whonone ,可與of連用，動詞可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，指人或物，回答how many /how much引導(dǎo)的問句，以及含any+n 的一般問句Nothing，指物，動詞用單數(shù)25.other其他的，另外的，別的； another另一個人或事物；the other兩個中的另一個； the others其余的，剩下的人或事物；others其他的，另外的，別的人或物26.四個也：also,肯定，行前be 后；too肯定，句末；either,否定，句末；as well,肯定，句末。27.bring,從外往里拿， take ,從里往外拿， carry無方向, fetch往返拿,28.across ,從一定范圍內(nèi)的一邊到另一邊,表面進行through,從中間通過或穿過,里面進行;over上方通過,不接觸表面;29.both.and既.又. ；neither.nor既不.又不； either.or要么.要么； there be有； not only.but also不僅而且其后的謂語形式采用就近原則。 Both Tidy and Mary is a middle school student.Neither she nor I am reading a book now.There is one book and two pens.give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 給某人某物 how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做.怎么樣 each other 互相.thanks a lot= thank you very much非常謝謝Thats all right. =Youre welcome.= ThatOK.= Its my pleasure.=Not at all. Why dont you+V原.=why not+.V原 為什么不help sb. with sth. 在某方面幫助別人 help sb. (to )do sth.幫助某人做某事 with ones help=with the help of sb.在某人的幫助help oneself to sth.請自用食物watch sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事，（現(xiàn)在沒有做，做過）watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事（正在做） see, hear類似remember to do sth.想起記得要做某事，未做事 remember doing sth.相起記得做過某事forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事 forget doing sth.忘記做過某事welcome back歡迎回來 , give sb. some advice給某人一些建議, make a mistake=make mistakes犯錯誤,correct spelling正確的拼寫, what else?=what other things? 還有什么a piece of advice 一條建議, follow /take ones advice采用別人的建議,send sth to sb.=send sb. sth. 寄給某人 send for派人去請/取 send up發(fā)射. all the time一直enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快lots of =a lot of =many(可數(shù))much(不可數(shù))許多 , ,ask for 請求，要求, ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 a piece of一塊enjoy doing sth喜歡做某事finish , practice , mind, miss , consider , keep, continue,這些詞語后跟動名詞形式V-ing place sth .in =put sth. in 把某物放在里面 wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事,invite sb.to do sth. 邀請某人做某事 find+ it+ adj+to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣try to do sth.盡力做事 try doing sth. 嘗試做某事try not to do sth .盡力不做某事 try ones best盡某人最大的努力,a group of 一組，一群, borrow sth from sb.從某人處借入某物,lend sth to sb=lend sb sth.借給某人某物 keep借一段時間practice doing sth.,練習(xí)做做某事 come from=be from來自,look for 尋找, look after=care for=take care of照顧look at 看著, look over 檢查 look out當心，向外看 , look through仔細查看,be ready for =get ready for=prepare for為, be ready準備好 ,be (get ) ready to do sth.準備做某事，樂意做某事 成，take a message捎個信， leave a message留個信，be good for 對有好處， be good at =do well in擅長于make friends with sb.與某人交朋友，hear of聽說， hear from收到某人的來信 be bad for對有害， write to 給寫信， next to 在旁邊，speak to sb.和某人講話，say hello to sb. 給某人問好， show sb. around somewhere帶某人參觀某地， learn sth from sb.向某人學(xué)習(xí) whats the price of =how much is 問價格 dream about夢到, dream of 夢見, around the world=all over the world全世界, stay with sb.與某人呆一起stay in bed呆在床上 , stay at home呆在家里,take off 脫下，起飛, land on/in /at 著路,all over China,全中國, take a seat =have a seat請坐 ,come ture實現(xiàn), fly to =go to .by plane(by air),坐飛機drive to =go to by car開車， walk to =go toon foot步行去sell out 賣光, at the end 在結(jié)束時, at the end of在盡頭/結(jié)尾 ,everyday English日常英語， first price一等獎，before long不久，no problem沒問題，have a problem in doing sth.做某事有困難， work out a problem解決一個問題，invite sb to do sth,邀請某人做某事 invite sb to some place邀請某人去某地,one day,某一天，（過去或?qū)恚?some day某一天（將來） ,different kinds of =all kinds of 不同種類的，各種各樣的， by the end of 到末為止，不遲于in the end =finally，最后，終于，take a photo=take photos照相，店 cook sth for sb.=cook sb.sth. 為某人做飯buy,makewalk to some where=go to.on foot; fly to somewhere.=go .by planeride to somewhere=go.by bike, drive to somewhere=go to by car,a kind of一種 , be kind to sb對某人友善 take off 脫下，起飛，請假, in the photo,在照片里sell out,賣光 sell to , 賣給某人 sell well賣得好 ,go to sleep,去睡覺 the price of,.的價格，形容價格用high,low。sell sth at a high price,以高價出售， sell sth at a low price,以低價出售。yet ,用于完成時態(tài)的否定句和疑問句中；have a wonderful time 玩得高興,would like to do sth=want to do sth,想要做某事would like sb. to do sth=want sb to do sth想要某人做某事arrive at (小地方)/in(大地方)=reach=get to ,到達more than ,=over,多于 less than,少于most of. .的大多數(shù), a visit to 對 .的參觀, for a visit 參觀, pay a visit to ,拜訪 as .as.和.一樣 not as .as.=not so .as 不如, in the sky=in the air在天空中, by air=by plane坐飛機,the lastest news,最新消息， get on /along with sb,與.相處, get on well with sb.與.相處融洽hear about ,hear of 聽說, in fact實際上,the Hope Schools,希望學(xué)校 look after=take care of =care for,照顧take part in, 參加pay for ,支付,付錢 how long ,多長時間how soon,多久 get on badly with ,與.相處不好hear from sb.收到某人的信,電子郵件等 on the farm ,在農(nóng)場上because of因為. , sell sth.to sb.=sell sb .sth.,把某物賣給某人buy sth from .buy sth for sb.給某人買東西 take part in=join參加, in good/bad health身體健康/不健康,care about關(guān)心,在乎, take care 當心,how often隔多久一次, stop doing sth.停止做某事,stop to do sth.停下來去做別的事, dress /undressr+人,put on/wear/take off+衣, put on ones clothes穿上衣服with the help of sb.=with sbs help 在別人的幫助下without the help of sb.無人幫助的情況 be famous for ,因.而著名(后+人或物某方面的特點,特長)be famous as ,作為.而聞名(后+身份職業(yè)) at the age of =when sb.was.years old, 在.歲的時候not only.but also.不僅.而且(就近原則)上 classical music,古典音樂 hear of 聽說, be born出生, go through穿過, Im not sure我不確定, Im sure肯定,make sb.+adj使某人怎么樣, make sb .do sth.使某人做某事,take sb. around帶人四處走走, a piece of music一首樂曲,go on with sth.繼續(xù)做某事, go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事,learn to do sth學(xué)做某事, learn from sb.向某人學(xué)習(xí),Learn.by heart熟記,背誦, learn ones lesson from.從. 中吸取教訓(xùn),give sb.sth=give sth.to sb. 給某人某物, on the earth在地球上,but 除.之外,常與否定意義詞連用,當but前有do時but后接原形, except,除.之外(不包括)on holiday度假, of course=,sure當然part time job,一份兼職工作 go on 繼續(xù), How is it going ?=How are you getting on /along?近況如何? by the river,在河邊 in a tree=in the tree ,在樹上(外來物)