河南省杞縣高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 完形填空新練（1）.doc

河南杞縣2016高考英語完形填空新練（1）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（a、b、c、d）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 computer games have been criticised for quite some time over a whole range of issues. some people say they are overly violent and encourage violent behaviour particularly in children. others say that they make children unsociable and are bad for their eyes. some have even attributed falling standards of literacy and a lack of interest in reading on them. now, however, it seems that computer games have also become a feminist(女權(quán)主義者) issue. game manufacturers have, for some time, been looking to increase the number of female game players. the vast majority of computer games still sell to a mainly male market. perhaps this is because the violent nature of many of the games appeals more to males or perhaps because many of the main characters in the games are male. manufacturers attempts to produce more female characters increase their share of the female gaming market which has met with serious criticism from many womens groups. while heroines(女英雄) such as lara croft of the tomb raider game are seen as providing positive role models of strong women, many believe that the characters unrealistic barbies are subconsciously setting unattainable standards in the minds of young women. perhaps a stronger criticism is that although many games now include female characters, their role is often secondary and they support the main, male, action characters within the games. of course the nature of many of the games remains violent and destructive and this in itself could well continue to put off female gamers. there are now, however, a number of web sites springing up on the world wide web to help women deal with this issue. sites such as game girlz, women gamers and game gal offer game reviews, articles, discussion forums and even employment opportunities for women interested in becoming part of the rapidly expanding games industry. the games are reviewed by women from a very female perspective. some rate the games from one to ten across a range of criteria which include the appearance of the female characters, the degree of intelligence attributed to them in the game and even the marketing attitude adopted by the company. the sites are obviously looking for games that move away from the very male dominated and violent nature of the majority of computer games. many of them review games that are more constructive and developmental. although the common fantasy themes of knights(騎士), witches and goblins（妖精） still exist within these games, the aims are often very different. instead of destroying opposing armies，the aim of the game can be to make peace with them. with this increased degree of awareness and involvement from women in the games industry many positive changes could be made that could encourage more women and young girls to become enthusiastic about technology. perhaps we may even find more male gamers moving away from the traditional violent and destructive games towards the more positive values promoted by these more feminine role models, after all tomb raider is still one of the most popular computer games on the market, but perhaps thats too much to ask.41. what is paragraph 1 mainly about ? a. the violence in computer games. b. common criticisms of computer games. c. childrens feeling in computer games. d. the computer issues.42. manufacturers want to produce more female characters in order to _. a. increase sales in the male market b. help women learn how to play computer games c. encourage more women to buy computer games d. increase the number of male game players43. from the passage we know that tomb raider is _. a. a film which provides positive role models of strong women b. a site which helps women to deal with many issues c. a female role which is secondary in many games d. a computer game which is very popular on the market44. the underlined phrase“spring up” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to _. a. grow rapidly b. disappear rapidly c. begin slowly d. appear slowly45.which would be the best title for the passage ? a. girls games b. computer games c. childrens games d. games industry41.b 第一段作者主要講述了對(duì)電腦游戲的總的批評(píng)。42. c 根據(jù)第二段中“ increase their share of the female gaming market”可知答案為c。43.d 根據(jù)最后一段可知正確答案為d。44.a根據(jù)下文的 rapidly expanding games industry，可見此處的意思是“快速成長”。45.a 作者在全文中始終貫穿了一個(gè)主題 female games, 講述了制造商們想通過設(shè)計(jì)等途徑來鼓勵(lì)女性購買電腦游戲，也講述了女性在電腦游戲中的影響等等。故選a。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（a、b、c和d）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(the most important of all human qualities is a sense of humor)biologically, there is only one quality which distinguishes us from animals: the ability to laugh. in a universe which appears to be utterly devoid of humor, we enjoy this supreme luxury. and it is a luxury, for unlike any other bodily process, laughter does not seem to serve a biologically useful purpose. in a divide world, laughter is a unifying force. human beings oppose each other on a great many issues. nations may disagree about systems of government and human relations may be plagued by ideological factions and political camps, but we all share the ability to laugh. and laughter, in turn, depends on that most complex and subtle of all human qualities: a sense of humor certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal. this can best be seen from the world-wide popularity of charlie chaplins early films. the little man at odds with society never fails to amuse no matter which country we come from. as that great commentator on human affairs, dr. samuel johnson, once remarked, men have been wise in very different modes; but they have always laughed in the same way. a sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tingle to an earth quaking roar, but the effect is always the same. humor helps us to maintain a correct sense of values. it is the one quality which political fanatics appear to lack. if we can see the funny side, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously. we are always reminded that tragedy is not really far removed from comedy, so we never get a lop sided view of things. this is one of the chief functions of satire and irony. human pain and suffering are so grim; we hover so often on the brink of war; political realities are usually enough to plunge us into total despair. in such circumstances, cartoons and satirical accounts of somber political events redress the balance. they take the wind out of pompous and arrogant politicians who have lost their sense of proportion. they enable us to see that many of our most profound actions are merely comic or absurd. we laugh when a great satirist like swift writes about war in gullivers travels. the lilliputians and their neighbors attack each other because they cant agree which end to break an egg. we laugh because we meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too. it is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish. the sense of humor must be singled out as mans most important quality because it is associated with laughter. and laughter, in turn, is associated with happiness. courage, determination, initiative these are qualities we share with other forms of life. but the sense of humor is uniquely human. if happiness is one of the great goals of life, then it is the sense of humor that provides the key.1.the most important of all human qualities is a a sense of humor.a sense of satire.c a sense of laughter.d a sense of history.2.the author mentions about charlie chaplins early films becausea they can amuse people.human beings are different from animals.c they show that certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.d they show that people have the same ability to laugh.3.one of the chief functions of irony and satire isa to show absurdity of actions.to redress balance.c to take the wind out of politicians.d to show too much grimness in the world.4.what do we learn from the sentence it is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish in totalitarian regimes?a it can reveal the truth of political events with satire.it can arouse people to riot.c it shows tragedy and comedy are related.d it can make people laugh.5.who is swift?a a novelist.a poet.c a dramatist.d a essayist.vocabulary1.devoid 沒有，缺乏2.plague n.瘟疫，惹人煩惱的人和事v.給造成麻煩，痛苦，困難3.faction 派別4.comic stereotype 可笑/滑稽的模式5.commentator （集注）作者，評(píng)論員，解說員6.tinkle n.一連串的丁零聲，電話聲，v.使發(fā)出丁零聲7.fanatic 狂熱者（尤指宗教、政治的狂熱）8.lop-sided 不均勻的9.hover 翱翔，盤旋；彷徨10.somber 低沉的，暗淡的，嚴(yán)峻的11.redress 糾正，補(bǔ)償12.pompous 自大的，浮夸的13.arrogant 傲慢的14.proportion 均衡，勻稱，平衡，比例15.lilliputian 微型的，極小的，源自格列佛游記中的小人國里的人16.totalitarian 極權(quán)主義的17.regime 政體，政權(quán)，統(tǒng)治方式或制度難句譯注1 in a divided world, laughter is a unifying force.【參考譯文】在分裂的世界中，笑是一種促成一致（團(tuán)結(jié)）的力量。2 human relations may be plagued by ideological factions and political camps,【參考譯文】人際關(guān)系可能因思想意識(shí)派別和政治陣營的不同而受侵?jǐn)_。3 certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.【參考譯文】某些滑稽的模式具有全球性的效果。4 charlie chaplin查理卓別林1889-1977，英國諷刺滑稽劇及電影演員，導(dǎo)演及制片人。5 at odds with society和社會(huì)格格不入。6 dr. samuel johnson撒繆爾約翰生，1709-1784，英國辭典編撰者及作家。7 a sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tinkle to an earth quaking roar.【參考譯文】幽默感表現(xiàn)的方式多種多樣，笑也許是銀鈴般優(yōu)雅輕笑，也許是震耳欲聾的放聲大笑。8 if we can see the funny side, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously.【參考譯文】如果我們能見到可笑的一面，我們就不會(huì)犯這種錯(cuò)誤：對(duì)自己看得過重（自以為了不起）。9 we are always reminded that tragedy is not really far removed from comedy, so we never get a lop-sided view of things.【參考譯文】我們會(huì)經(jīng)常提醒自己禍兮福所伏（悲劇離喜劇實(shí)際并不遙遠(yuǎn)），那我們決不會(huì)偏執(zhí)一詞地看事物。10 take the wind out of sbs sails使某人氣餒或泄氣。11 swift jonathan swift喬納森思維福特1667-1745，英國作家，生于都柏林，曾獲牛津大學(xué)碩士，三一學(xué)院神學(xué)博士學(xué)位，1688年到英國，后加入英國國教會(huì)。他同情英國統(tǒng)治下的愛爾蘭人民，積極參加他們?yōu)闋?zhēng)取自由和民族獨(dú)立的斗爭(zhēng)。他以政治諷刺文著世，其文筆犀利、諷刺尖銳、文章推理嚴(yán)密，用詞簡(jiǎn)潔、語言樸實(shí)清晰，被認(rèn)為是英語的典范，格列佛游記是他的代表作之一。12 we laugh because we are meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】mean to do是打算或注定要，一般用于被動(dòng)。【參考譯文】我們笑是因?yàn)橄胄?，可是我們也想哭。是指小人國和鄰國僅僅為打雞蛋一類小事而打仗可笑，確實(shí)也是可悲。作者結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)指出是人類悲劇之所在。寫作方法與文章大意 文章以部部深入，一般到具體的寫作手法論及笑是人類特有的功能。 形式多種、效果一樣。天下人有各種觀點(diǎn)、制度、人際關(guān)系，對(duì)滑稽的東西都會(huì)報(bào)之以笑一種一致的力量。 笑基于幽默感，有了它，人們會(huì)樂觀、愉快、輕松，不偏不倚地對(duì)待一切，悲劇中寓以喜劇，幽默感又是人類開啟幸福之門的鑰匙。 論及的同時(shí)作者佐以例子，卓別林的早期電影，格列佛游記中的小人國戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等。答案詳解1. a 幽默感。文章一開始就提出人類有別于動(dòng)物是人有笑的功能，世界紛爭(zhēng)繁雜、人際關(guān)系因意識(shí)觀點(diǎn)差異而對(duì)峙，國家制度不一，但人們都能笑。笑基于人類最復(fù)雜而又微妙的品質(zhì)幽默感。反過來說沒有幽默感的人恐怕難以笑。第二段正式指出：幽默感表現(xiàn)形式多種多樣，而笑可由微笑到狂笑種種，但其效果相同，幽默感有助于我們保持正確的價(jià)值觀。這是政治狂熱者所缺乏的特征。如果我們能看見滑稽可笑的一面，我們就不會(huì)犯過于看重自己的錯(cuò)誤。我們總會(huì)記得悲劇離喜劇不愿，因此，我們不會(huì)有偏重某一測(cè)的觀點(diǎn)。第四段畫龍點(diǎn)睛的指出幽默是人類最重要的特征，因?yàn)樗托β暯Y(jié)合在一起。而笑又是和幸福聯(lián)系在一起。勇氣、決心、創(chuàng)造力特征，我們和其他生命形式共享，而幽默感是人類所獨(dú)有的。如果幸福是我們生活的偉大目標(biāo)，那幽默感就是開啟幸福的鑰匙。b.諷刺感。這是第三段講的內(nèi)容，諷刺的功能，但不是人類最重要的特征。c.笑感。d.歷史觀點(diǎn)。2. c 作者提卓別林的電影的目的是證明某些喜劇模式對(duì)全世界都有吸引力。a.它可以取悅?cè)魏稳恕.人類和動(dòng)物不同。d.證明人有同樣笑的功能。3. b使各種事情重新相等和均衡。第三段著重講了這一點(diǎn)。人類在痛苦中掙扎，常處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的邊緣。政治實(shí)現(xiàn)令人絕望，在這種處境中，對(duì)某些政治事物的諷刺挖苦和漫畫可以使各種心理重新平衡，可使失去均衡感的政客地下高傲頭顱；可使我看見許多深邃的事情荒謬可笑。a.表現(xiàn)行為的荒唐。c.使政治家氣餒。d.表現(xiàn)世界上太多的令人沮喪之事。4. a它可以以諷刺的手法解釋政治時(shí)間的真相。b.這可促使人民暴動(dòng)。c.它表示了悲劇和喜劇相聯(lián)系。d.它能使人哭。5. a小說家。b.詩人。c.戲劇家。d.散文家。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（a、b、c、d）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)?！?014高考二模】 the silver city council recognizes that citizens have certain needs. to better meet your needs, we have made several changes to community facilities in 2014. this chart shows how we have tried to make your life better.transport three stations for the suburbs have been added to the western train service. 20 new buses for the southern line were purchased in january. 50 per cent of city bus-stops have been upgraded.buses to the eastern suburbs will run every 15 minutes.communicationbroadband cable is now available to all parts of the city.all of the new government buildings are smart-wired for better computer service!medical facilitiesthe new state-of-the-art nightingale hospital was opened in june.to overcome a shortage of trained medical staff at dover hospital, 10 docto have been employed from overseas.some facilities at station street hospital have been upgraded.educationtextbooks will be free to all primary students in 2014 ! rental for private schools has been reduced.teachers report that the no hat -