(論文)vc++課程設計 聊天程序的分析與設計最新優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)論文資料搜集嘔血奉獻

大學信電學院課程設計說明書 目錄摘要一、聊天程序的分析與設計1二、該程序的關鍵技術與算法2三、程序的實現(xiàn)33.1 項目創(chuàng)建33.2 界面設計33.3 代碼編寫5四、程序的演示結果29五、總結與致謝30六、參考文獻31摘要在這個信息爆炸的時代，人們的交往越來越依賴于一些即時的聊天程序，比如QQ、MSN等，雖然這些程序形態(tài)各異，但本質(zhì)都是一樣的。他們都是由服務器聊天程序和客戶端聊天程序組成。服務器端聊天程序接受客戶端的信息，并根據(jù)客戶端的要求把這些信息發(fā)送到另外一個客戶或多個客戶中?？蛻舳藙t負責建立和維護與服務器端得連接，向服務器發(fā)送本客戶端的內(nèi)容，同時從服務器接收對方的響應?？蛻舳丝梢允謩虞斎隝P地址和端口號進行連接。服務端可以手動建立服務器接受其他客戶端得連接要求。客戶端可以發(fā)送消息給服務端，顯示服務端傳來信息。服務端可以接受客戶端發(fā)送的信息，并將信息傳給所有在線的客戶端。 聊天程序的分析與設計系統(tǒng)架構方式如下圖： 客戶端 信息交互 服務器網(wǎng)卡通信底層 TCP/IPCServerSocket 通信底層 TCP/IPCClientSocket 網(wǎng)卡網(wǎng)線 1. 服務端需要完成的3件事情（1） 在特定的端口上等待來自客戶的連接請求，并且需要維護一個客戶連接表，以記錄所有成功的連接。（2） 及時接受從各個聊天客戶發(fā)送過來的信息，然后把這些信息轉發(fā)到一個或多個客戶連接。（3） 監(jiān)控這些連接的狀態(tài)，在客戶主動離開或發(fā)生故障時從列表中刪除相應的表項，并及時更新連接表。2. 客戶端需要完成的3件事情（1） 建立和維護與服務器的連接，并且隨時檢測連接的狀態(tài)。（2） 把用戶輸入的信息及時發(fā)送到服務端，同時，隨時準備好接受服務端的信息，并把它顯示出來。（3） 在用戶推出聊天過程時要關閉與服務器的連接。 該程序的關鍵技術與算法MFC為套接字提供的類有CAsynSocket和CSocket,CAsynSocket提供基于異步通信的套接字封裝功能，CSocket繼承于CAsyncSocket。是Windows Socket API的高層抽樣。它通常要和CSocketFile及CArchive這兩個類混合使用。后兩個類主要負責的是數(shù)據(jù)的發(fā)送和接收。CSocket提供的通信為同步通信，數(shù)據(jù)未接收到或是未發(fā)送完之前調(diào)用不會返回。本章的聊天程序就是通過派生CSocket來完成服務端和客戶端功能。程序的實現(xiàn)3.1 項目創(chuàng)建本例將使用Visual C+6.0創(chuàng)建一個基于對話框的MFC AppWizard（exe）項目取名為“Chat”。在MFC向導的第一步界面中選擇“Dialog based”單選按鈕，在MFC AppWizard向導的第二步界面中選擇“Windows Sockets”復選框，其它均采用默認設置。3.2界面設計打開IDD_CHAT_DIALOG對話框，該對話框將是程序運行時的主界面，以下是為對話框添加的控件。如下所示： IDD_CHAT_DIALOG對話框中的主要控件 ID 屬性設置 分組框IDC_STATIC標題“” 靜態(tài)文本IDC_STATIC標題“IP地址” IP地址控件IDC_SERVERIP默認 靜態(tài)文本IDC_STATIC標題“端口” 編輯框IDC_PORT默認 分組框IDC_STATIC標題“聊天記錄” 編輯框IDC_SHOWTEXT樣式：多行，只讀 靜態(tài)文本IDC_STATIC標題“昵稱”編輯框IDC_NAME默認 命令按鈕IDC_CONNECT標題“連接服務器” 命令按鈕IDC_SETSERVER標題“建立服務器” 靜態(tài)文本框IDC_STATIC標題“消息” 編輯框IDC_INPUTTEXT默認 命令按鈕IDC_SEND標題 發(fā)送”完成控件添加后的對話框如下圖所示： 添加完上述控件后，打開Classwizard,為IDD_CHAT_DIALOG指向的CChatRoomDig類按照如下表添加成員變量。 成員變量的添加控件ID 變量名 數(shù)據(jù)類型 IDC_PORT m_uport UNIT IDC_ SHOWTEXT m_sShowString CString IDC_NAME m_sName CString IDC_INPUTTEXT m_sInputText CString 3.3 代碼編寫聊天程序一共有6個類，其中CChatApp由AppWiardS實現(xiàn)；CServerSocket和CClientSocket分別負責服務端和客戶端的網(wǎng)絡通信功能；CChatDig為程序的主控類，主界面、通信方式及程序邏輯均由該類實現(xiàn)，它繼承自CDialog類；CMessage是對消息的封裝。CAboutDig由AppWizard實現(xiàn)。（1）CClientSocket類 本類通過相應的OnReceive消息來接受數(shù)據(jù)，相應OnClose消息來斷開對話的處理。CClientSocket類實現(xiàn)了以CArchive對數(shù)據(jù)進行的串行化。事實上大多利用CSocket來傳輸數(shù)據(jù)的應用程序都會考慮到串行化的問題，因為這樣可以給數(shù)據(jù)的傳送帶來方便。 類定義代碼如下： #include PackMessg.h/ CClientSocket command targetclass CChatDlg;class CClientSocket : public CSocket/ Attributespublic:CArchive* m_aSessionIn;CArchive* m_aSessionOut;CSocketFile* m_sfSocketFile; CChatDlg * m_dlg;bool m_bInit; /作為套接字是否被初始化的標記bool m_bClose; /作為套接字是否被關閉的標記/ Operationspublic:void Init(CChatDlg * dlg);BOOL SendMessage(CPackMessg * msg);void CloseSocket();public:static int GetLocalHostName(CString &sHostName);/獲得本地計算機名稱static int GetIpAddress(const CString &sHostName, CString &sIpAddress);/獲得本地IPstatic int GetIpAddress(const CString &sHostName, BYTE &f0,BYTE &f1,BYTE &f2,BYTE &f3);/獲得本地IPstatic CString ErrorReason(int tag);public:CClientSocket();virtual CClientSocket();在CClientSocket.cpp文件中添加的代碼如下：#include stdafx.h#include chatzyj.h#include ClientSocket.h#ifdef _DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#undef THIS_FILEstatic char THIS_FILE = _FILE_;#endif/ CClientSocketCClientSocket:CClientSocket()m_aSessionIn=NULL;m_aSessionOut=NULL;m_sfSocketFile=NULL;m_bInit=false;m_bClose=false;CClientSocket:CClientSocket() if(m_aSessionIn)delete m_aSessionIn;if(m_aSessionOut)delete m_aSessionOut;if(m_sfSocketFile)delete m_sfSocketFile;/ Do not edit the following lines, which are needed by ClassWizard.#if 0BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CClientSocket, CSocket)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CClientSocket)/AFX_MSG_MAPEND_MESSAGE_MAP()#endif/ 0/ CClientSocket member functionsvoid CClientSocket:OnReceive(int nErrorCode) / TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base classCSocket:OnReceive(nErrorCode);doCPackMessg temp;temp.Serialize(*m_aSessionIn);m_dlg-m_sMsgList+=temp.m_strText+rn;m_dlg-SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,m_dlg-m_sMsgList);int linenum=(CEdit *)(m_dlg-GetDlgItem(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE)-GetLineCount();(CEdit *)(m_dlg-GetDlgItem(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE)-LineScroll(linenum);if(!m_dlg-m_bClient)for(POSITION pos=m_dlg-m_connectionList.GetHeadPosition();pos!=NULL;)CClientSocket*t=(CClientSocket*)m_dlg-m_connectionList.GetNext(pos);if(t-m_hSocket!=this-m_hSocket)t-SendMessage(&temp);while (!m_aSessionIn-IsBufferEmpty();void CClientSocket:OnClose(int nErrorCode) / TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base classCSocket:OnClose(nErrorCode);m_bClose=true;CloseSocket();m_dlg-CloseSessionSocket();CSocket:OnClose(nErrorCode);void CClientSocket:Init(CChatDlg * dlg)m_sfSocketFile= new CSocketFile(this);m_aSessionIn=new CArchive(m_sfSocketFile,CArchive:load);m_aSessionOut=new CArchive(m_sfSocketFile,CArchive:store);m_bClose=false;this-m_dlg=dlg;BOOL CClientSocket:SendMessage(CPackMessg * msg)if (m_aSessionOut != NULL)msg-Serialize(*m_aSessionOut);m_aSessionOut-Flush();return TRUE;else/對方關閉了連接m_bClose=true;CloseSocket();m_dlg-CloseSessionSocket();return FALSE;void CClientSocket:CloseSocket()if(m_aSessionIn)delete m_aSessionIn;m_aSessionIn=NULL;if(m_aSessionOut)delete m_aSessionOut;m_aSessionOut=NULL;if(m_sfSocketFile)delete m_aSessionOut;m_sfSocketFile=NULL;Close();m_bInit=false;m_bClose=true;int CClientSocket:GetLocalHostName(CString &sHostName)/獲得本地計算機名稱char szHostName256;int nRetCode;nRetCode=gethostname(szHostName,sizeof(szHostName);if(nRetCode!=0)/產(chǎn)生錯誤sHostName=_T(沒有取得);return GetLastError();sHostName=szHostName;return 0;int CClientSocket:GetIpAddress(const CString &sHostName, CString &sIpAddress)/獲得本地IPstruct hostent FAR * lpHostEnt=gethostbyname(sHostName);if(lpHostEnt=NULL)/產(chǎn)生錯誤sIpAddress=_T();return GetLastError();/獲取IPLPSTR lpAddr=lpHostEnt-h_addr_list0;if(lpAddr)struct in_addr inAddr;memmove(&inAddr,lpAddr,4);/轉換為標準格式sIpAddress=inet_ntoa(inAddr);if(sIpAddress.IsEmpty()sIpAddress=_T(沒有取得);return 0;int CClientSocket:GetIpAddress(const CString &sHostName, BYTE &f0,BYTE &f1,BYTE &f2,BYTE &f3)/獲得本地IPstruct hostent FAR * lpHostEnt=gethostbyname(sHostName);if(lpHostEnt=NULL)/產(chǎn)生錯誤f0=f1=f2=f3=0;return GetLastError();/獲取IPLPSTR lpAddr=lpHostEnt-h_addr_list0;if(lpAddr)struct in_addr inAddr;memmove(&inAddr,lpAddr,4);f0=inAddr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b1;f1=inAddr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b2;f2=inAddr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b3;f3=inAddr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b4;return 0;CString CClientSocket:ErrorReason(int tag)CString result;switch(tag)case WSANOTINITIALISED:result=A successful AfxSocketInit must occur before using this API.;break;case WSAENETDOWN:result=the network subsystem failed;break;case WSAEADDRINUSE:result=The specified address is already in use;break;case WSAEINPROGRESS:result=A blocking Windows Sockets call is in progress;break;case WSAEADDRNOTAVAIL:result=The specified address is not available from the local machine;break;case WSAEAFNOSUPPORT:result=Addresses in the specified family cannot be used with this socket;break;case WSAECONNREFUSED:result=The attempt to connect was rejected;break;case WSAEDESTADDRREQ:result=A destination address is required;break;case WSAEFAULT:result=The nSockAddrLen argument is incorrect;break;case WSAEINVAL:result=Invalid host address;break;case WSAEISCONN:result=The socket is already connected.;break;case WSAEMFILE:result=No more file descriptors are available;break;case WSAENETUNREACH:result=The network cannot be reached from this host at this time;break;case WSAENOBUFS:result=No buffer space is available. The socket cannot be connected;break;case WSAENOTSOCK:result=The descriptor is not a socket;break;case WSAETIMEDOUT:result=Attempt to connect timed out without establishing a connection;break;case WSAEWOULDBLOCK:result=The socket is marked as nonblocking and the connection cannot be completed immediately.;break;default:result=unknown error;return result;（2） CServerSocket類CServerSocket類的的主要功能是實現(xiàn)OnAccept()消息，負責監(jiān)聽服務器，是一個服務Socket。其文件的代碼如下：/ ServerSocket.cpp : implementation file/#include stdafx.h#include chat.h#include ServerSocket.h#include chatDlg.h#ifdef _DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#undef THIS_FILEstatic char THIS_FILE = _FILE_;#endif/ CServerSocket/ Do not edit the following lines, which are needed by ClassWizard.#if 0BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CServerSocket, CSocket)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CServerSocket)/AFX_MSG_MAPEND_MESSAGE_MAP()#endif/ 0/ CServerSocket member functionsBOOL CServerSocket:Init(UINT port, CChatDlg* dlg)m_uPort=port;m_dlg=dlg;if(Create(m_uPort)=FALSE)AfxMessageBox(服務器套接字創(chuàng)建失敗!);return FALSE;if(this-Listen()=FALSE)AfxMessageBox(服務器監(jiān)聽錯誤!);return FALSE;m_dlg-SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,服務器創(chuàng)建成功!);return TRUE;/有連接接入的時候觸發(fā)該事件void CServerSocket:OnAccept(int nErrorCode) / TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base classm_dlg-ProcessPendingAccept();CSocket:OnAccept(nErrorCode); （3） CMessage類 CPackMessg類主要作用是實現(xiàn)信息的串行化，方便信息德傳輸。其代碼如下：CPackMessg.h文件的代碼如下：/ PackMessg.h: interface for the CPackMessg class./#if !defined(AFX_PACKMESSG_H_DF511BFD_1563_412D_85B5_EF323A3074EF_INCLUDED_)#define AFX_PACKMESSG_H_DF511BFD_1563_412D_85B5_EF323A3074EF_INCLUDED_#if _MSC_VER 1000#pragma once#endif / _MSC_VER 1000class CPackMessg :public CObjectpublic:CString m_strText;public:CPackMessg();virtual CPackMessg();/初始化成員變量的函數(shù)void Init();/重載串行化的函數(shù),實現(xiàn)將消息串行化virtual void Serialize(CArchive& ar); ;#endifCPackMessg.cpp代碼實現(xiàn)如下：/ PackMessg.cpp: implementation of the CPackMessg class./#include stdafx.h#include chat.h#include PackMessg.h#ifdef _DEBUG#undef THIS_FILEstatic char THIS_FILE=_FILE_;#define new DEBUG_NEW#endif/ Construction/Destruction/CPackMessg:CPackMessg()Init();void CPackMessg:Init()m_strText = _T();/ CMsg serializationvoid CPackMessg:Serialize(CArchive& ar)if (ar.IsStoring()ar m_strText;（4） CChatDig類以上三個自己添加類的具體代碼實現(xiàn)，整個工程是由CChatDlg這個類來負責調(diào)度的，在基于對話框的MFC的程序中，*Dlg類是主要的實現(xiàn)類，它負責實現(xiàn)界面消息的添加和響應，組織整個工程的運行。程序運行開始，進行對話框的初始化是在OnInitDialog（）函數(shù)中實現(xiàn)，本程序設計成開始的時候自動獲得本地機器IP地址并顯示在IP Address Control控件中，也是在這個函數(shù)中添加如下代碼：BOOL CChatDlg:OnInitDialog()CDialog:OnInitDialog();/ Add About. menu item to system menu./ IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) = IDM_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);pSysMenu-AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);/ Set the icon for this dialog. The framework does this automatically/ when the applications main window is not a dialogSetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);/ Set big iconSetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);/ Set small icon/ TODO: Add extra initialization here/自行添加的程序代碼,目的是在初始化對話框的時候就自動顯示出本地的ip地址if(AfxSocketInit(NULL)=0)AfxMessageBox(CSocket 初始化失敗!);BYTE f0,f1,f2,f3;CString name;CClientSocket:GetLocalHostName(name);CClientSocket:GetIpAddress(name,f0,f1,f2,f3);(CIPAddressCtrl *)(GetDlgItem(IDC_IPADDRESS)-SetAddress(f0,f1,f2,f3);m_bInit=false;m_bClient=false;return TRUE; / return TRUE unless you set the focus to a controlvoid CChatDlg:OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)if (nID & 0xFFF0) = IDM_ABOUTBOX)CAboutDlg dlgAbout;dlgAbout.DoModal();elseCDialog:OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);/ If you add a minimize button to your dialog, you will need the code below/ to draw the icon. For MFC applications using the document/view model,/ this is automatically done for you by the framework.void CChatDlg:OnPaint() if (IsIconic()CPaintDC dc(this); / device context for paintingSendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, (WPARAM) dc.GetSafeHdc(), 0);/ Center icon in client rectangleint cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);CRect rect;GetClientRect(&rect);int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;/ Draw the icondc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);else:OnPaint();/ The system calls this to obtain the cursor to display while the user drags/ the minimized window.HCURSOR CChatDlg:OnQueryDragIcon()return (HCURSOR) m_hIcon;/連接服務器的消息相應函數(shù)void CChatDlg:OnConnect() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(!m_bInit)BYTE f0,f1,f2,f3;CString name;(CIPAddressCtrl *)(GetDlgItem(IDC_IPADDRESS)-GetAddress(f0,f1,f2,f3);CString ip;ip.Format(%d.%d.%d.%d,f0,f1,f2,f3);m_bClient=true;m_clientsocket.Create();if(m_clientsocket.Connect(ip,GetDlgItemInt(IDC_PORT)m_clientsocket.Init(this);SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,客戶端連接成功!);m_bInit=true;elsem_clientsocket.Close();AfxMessageBox(客戶端連接失敗!);m_bInit=false;/建立服務器的消息相應函數(shù)void CChatDlg:OnSetserver() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(!m_bInit)m_bClient=false;m_bInit=true;if(m_pListenSocket.Init(GetDlgItemInt(IDC_PORT),this)=FALSE)m_bInit=false;return;/發(fā)送消息的按鈕的消息相應函數(shù)void CChatDlg:OnSend() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(!m_bInit)AfxMessageBox(沒有和服務器建立連接!);return;CString in;CPackMessg msg;GetDlgItemText(IDC_MESSAGE,in);GetDlgItemText(IDC_NAME,m_strName);if(in.GetLength()2) m_sMsgList+=m_strName+說:;m_sMsgList+=in+rn;SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,m_sMsgList);int m_iLineCurrentPos=(CEdit *)(GetDlgItem(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE)-GetLineCount();(CEdit *)(GetDlgItem(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE)-LineScroll(m_iLineCurrentPos);msg.m_strText=m_strName+說:+in;if(!m_bClient)POSITION pos;for(pos=m_connectionList.GetHeadPosition();pos!=NULL;)CClientSocket * t= (CClientSocket *)m_connectionList.GetNext(pos);t-SendMessage(&msg);elsem_clientsocket.SendMessage(&msg);void CChatDlg:ProcessPendingAccept()CClientSocket* pSocket = new CClientSocket();if (m_pListenSocket.Accept(*pSocket)CPackMessg msg;msg.m_strText=一個游客進入聊天室了;m_strShowMessage+=一個游客進入聊天室了n;SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,一個游客進入聊天室了n);POSITION pos;for(pos=m_connectionList.GetHeadPosition();pos!=NULL;)CClientSocket * t= (CClientSocket *)m_connectionList.GetNext(pos);t-SendMessage(&msg);pSocket-Init(this);m_connectionList.AddTail(pSocket);elsedelete pSocket;void CChatDlg:ClearContent()if(m_bClient)m_clientsocket.Close();elsem_pListenSocket.Close();m_connectionList.RemoveAll();m_bInit=false;m_sMsgList=;SetDlgItemText(IDC_MESSAGE,);SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,);void CChatDlg:OnClearconnection() ClearContent();void CChatDlg:CloseSessionSocket()if(!m_bClient)for(POSITION pos=m_connectionList.GetHeadPosition();pos!=NULL;)POSITION t_pos=pos;CClientSocket * t = (CClientSocket*)m_connectionList.GetNext(pos);if(t-m_bClose=true)m_connectionList.RemoveAt(t_pos);ChatDlg.h文件的代碼：#pragma once#endif / _MSC_VER 1000#include ServerSocket.h#include ClientSocket.h/ CChatDlg dialogclass CChatDlg : public CDialog/ Constructionpublic:CChatDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);/ standard constructor/ Dialog Data/AFX_DATA(CChatDlg)e