非謂語動詞做狀語.ppt

Welcome to our class！,非謂語動詞,過去分詞 v-ed,不定式to do,動名詞,現(xiàn)在分詞,Revision,分 詞,-ing 形式,動名詞-ing,現(xiàn)在分詞v-ing,動詞不定式的使用,To do like that is foolish.,I want to see you,I am to visit you,He has lots of work to do.,I study hard to improve English.,The teacher ask me to answer the question.,主語,賓語,表語,定語,狀語,賓補,1.主語 swimming is my hobby. 2. 賓語 I like swimming. 3. 表語 My hobby is swimming. 4. 定語 I want to buy a swimming suit.,動名詞可以以下成分:,1.表語 The music is moving. 2. 定語 I dont like the people talking loudly in public. 3. 賓補 We heard her singing in her room. 4. 狀語 Reading a newspaper, She sat at the table.,現(xiàn)在分詞可以以下成分:,1.表語 The teacher is moved. 2. 定語 I dont like the man talked about at the party. 3. 賓補 We heard a song sung in her room. 4. 狀語 Lost in a newspaper, She didnt notice me.,過去分詞可以以下成分:,非謂語動詞的句法功能,主語,賓語,表語,賓補,定語,狀語,主語,賓語,表語,定語,表語,賓補,定語,狀語,非謂語動詞，不是做謂語的動詞。當(dāng)句中已經(jīng)有了謂語動詞，并且句中沒有連詞時，需要用非謂語動詞了。 The girl is Mary. If I am given more time, I ll catch up with you. The girl dancing in the hall is Mary. Given more time, Ill catch up with you.,主語,系(謂語),表語,非謂語動詞（定）,非謂語動詞（狀語）,連詞,主語,謂語,賓,謂語,Analyze the sentence：劃分句子結(jié)構(gòu),觀察下列例句, 找出非謂語動詞, 并且判斷做 什么成分. ( ) 1. Asked why he did it, he said it was his duty. 2. Being ill, he didnt go to school. ( ) 3. Working hard, you will do well in your exams. ( ) 4.His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan ( ) 5.They went into the room, laughing and talking. ( ) 6. To make much progress in English, he studies hard. ( ),觀察下列例句, 找出非謂語動詞, 并且判斷做 什么成分. ( ) 1. Asked why he did it, he said it was his duty. 2. Being ill, he didnt go to school. ( ) 3. Working hard, you will do well in your exams. ( ) 4.His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan. ( ) 5.They went into the room, laughing and talking. ( ) 6. To make much progress in English, he studies hard. ( ),觀察下列例句, 找出非謂語動詞, 并且判斷做 什么成分 ( ) 1. Asked why he did it, he said it was his duty. 2. Being ill, he didnt go to school. ( ) 3. Working hard, you will do well in your exams. ( ) 4.His parents died in the war, leaving him an orphan ( ) 5.They went into the room, laughing and talking. ( ) 6. To make much progress in English, he studies hard. ( ),原因狀語,條件狀語,結(jié)果狀語,伴隨狀語,目的狀語,時間狀語,非謂語動詞做狀語的形式： doing/ having done done/being done/having been done to do/ to be done 二. 做題方法：析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找邏輯主語，辯邏輯關(guān)系，判動詞先后 三. 高考易混點,1)分詞作狀語,主動，與主句謂語動詞同時或基本同時發(fā)生,主動，先于謂語動詞發(fā)生,被動,被動，正在進行，一般作原因狀語放句首,被動，先于謂語動詞發(fā)生,2) 不定式做狀語,1.Seeing from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. 2. The lawyer listened with full attention, trying not to miss any point. 3. Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. 4. Having waited in the queue for half of an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.,一. doing/having done 做狀語 主語與非謂語動詞為主動關(guān)系， having done 強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞之前。,After the old man _ in the queue for half an hour, he suddenly realized he had,had waited,1. Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks beautiful. 2. Compared with those who lived in the slums, Children here are really lucky. 3. Having been separated from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world. 4. Having been shown around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. 5. Being repaired, the access to the museum is locked.,二. done/being done/having been done 做狀語 主語與非謂語動詞之間為被動關(guān)系； having been done 發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞之前,1. Not to fail the examination, all the students are studying hard. 2. He hurried to the station, only to be told that the train had left. 3. He hurried to the booking office only to find that all the tickets had been sold out. 4. I feel greatly honored to be welcomed into their society.,三. to do 做目的，原因，結(jié)果狀語 to be done 是被動結(jié)構(gòu),目的狀語,結(jié)果狀語,結(jié)果狀語,原因狀語,表目的,表 原 因,表 結(jié) 果,不定式作狀語,2) 不定式做狀語,I study hard _ the people well.,to serve,To serve the people well, I study hard. (置于句首加強語氣),In order to serve the people well, I study hard.(更加強語氣),I study hard so as to serve the people well. (不可用于句首),表目的,He is lucky _ here on time.,to get,I am happy _ you again.,Li Ming seemed willing _ that.,I am sorry _ that.,to see,to do,to hear,(作原因狀語時常修飾表感情的形容詞,表示產(chǎn)生這種感情的原因.),表 原 因,I hurried to get there only to find him out.,He hurried to the station, only to be told the bus had left.,1）(only to do 表示意料之外的結(jié)果) 2）tooto/ enough to /so as to,表 結(jié) 果,His family was too poor to support him,He is old enough to go to school.,The house is so high and narrow as to resemble a tower. 這房子又高又窄，像一座塔,不定式做狀語時應(yīng)該注意：,1not/never tooto do, toonot to do, but/only too to do, too ready to do, too eager to do表示肯定意義。 He is too careful not to have noticed that. 他那么小心,肯定會注意到那一點的。 She is too sad not to help crying. 她那么傷心，忍不住哭了。 I am only too glad to help you.我很高興能幫助你。 I am only never too glad to know you. 認(rèn)識你我再高興不過了。 Mary was only too ready to help others. 瑪麗總是樂于助人. You cannot be too careful when you drive car. 你開車時無論怎么小心都不過分。,1)分詞作狀語,主動，與主句謂語動詞同時或基本同時發(fā)生,主動，先于謂語動詞發(fā)生,被動,被動，正在進行，一般作原因狀語放句首,被動，先于謂語動詞發(fā)生,1.表時間,2.表原因,4.表方式,伴隨,5.表結(jié)果,現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語,3.表讓步,1.表時間,2.表原因,4.表伴隨,5.表結(jié)果,過去分詞做狀語,3.表條件、讓步,A.作時間狀語： When they heard the bad news，they couldnt help crying. = _ (hear) the bad news, they couldnt help crying. When we were taken around the city, we were deeply impressed by the citys new look. When _ around the city, we were deeply impressed by the citys new look. After he finished his work, he went home. _ his work, he went home.,Hearing,taken,Having finished,B.作原因狀語： Because he was poor, he could not afford to travel abroad. =_ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad. _ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder. _ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post. _ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away. _ (not know) her address, we couldnt get in touch with her.,Being poor,Encouraged,Lost,Frightened,Not knowing,Because I hadnt received his letter, I decided to call him up. =_ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up. _ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost.,Not having received,Having never been,C.方式/伴隨狀語: She watched the film, _ (weep ) and _ (sigh). The teacher stood there, _ (surround) by a lot of students. D.作條件狀語： If I were given another chance, I would have done the job far better. = _ another chance, I would have done the job far better. (If) _ (play) all day, you will waste your valuable time.,weeping,sighing,surrounded,Given,Playing,E.作結(jié)果狀語：(意料中的結(jié)果) The hunters fired, _(shoot) one of the wolves. The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _ (cause) the delay. 區(qū)別: 不定式表示意外的結(jié)果 He hurried to the station, only _ (find) the train had left. F.作讓步狀語： Though it heavily rained heavily, it cleared up very soon. = _, it cleared up very soon. Though _ (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.,shooting,causing,to find,Raining heavily,told,分詞作狀語時, 需注意: A.分詞短語作狀語時,它的邏輯主語通常應(yīng)是_ _ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful. _ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city. B.分詞短語的位置: 一般來說,時間,原因,條件,讓步等分詞短語多放在句首; 而表結(jié)果,伴隨的分詞短語放在句尾. Finding the door locked, Tom went home. ( _ ) Tom went home, finding the door locked. （_）,主句的主語,Seen,Seeing,原因,結(jié)果,二. 非謂語動詞做狀語 的解題方法,（一）析句子結(jié)構(gòu),辨別“謂語與非謂語”,_many times , but he still couldnt understand it .,2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .,A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D.Though he was told,C,A,注意連詞,非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點，其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。,（二）找邏輯主語,1. They went into the room, laughing and talking. 2. Given more time, I can do better.,一般來說，作狀語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是句子的 _.,主語,1. _ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen 2. _ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Seeing B. Seen,the stadium,the astronaut,Seen,Seeing,1. _ different cultures, we often pay attention to the differences without noticing the mainly similarities. 2. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. Compared B. Comparing C. To compare,Comparing,we,the biggest ocean,We compare the biggest ocean with/to the size of the whole ocean. = The biggest ocean is compared with/to the size of the whole earth.,（三）辨邏輯關(guān)系,即判斷主被動,Compared,（四）判動詞先后,_ the old man, the young people started walking slowly. Followed B. Following C. To follow D. Having followed 2. _ the fruit, the girl became pregnant and gave a birth to a handsome boy. Having swallowed B. Swallowing C. To swallow,Following,Having swallowed,C,1._ yourself to sunlight for too much time , you will get your skin sun-burnt. _ to sunlight for too much time, your skin will be harmed. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Exposing D. After being exposed 2. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered,A,A,Test yourself,3. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 4. Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searching thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help 5. The idea for the new plan came to his mind, _to his experiment in the lab. Awhile devoting B.while devoting himself Cwhile he was devoted D. while devoted,D,D,C,形成性檢測 1. 改寫下列句子,其劃線部分應(yīng)改為分詞短語(C級) 1.Look round when you cross the street. 2. When she heard the news, she burst into laughter. 3. As she was still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long. 4.Gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced to each other. 5.A cold rain was falling. It was mixed with snow.,when crossing the street,When hearing the news,Being rather weak,when introduced to each other, mixed with snow,6.While we were walking in the street, we met some friends of ours. 7.The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his little grandson. 8.The ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful. 9.There is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave. 10.The worker wrote to the police and disclosed who stole the money.,covering,disclosing,Bye - bye!,Bye - bye!,As soon as they heard the bad news, they couldnt help crying.,Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying,On hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying.,(doing 動作一發(fā)生, 主句動作立即發(fā)生),1.表時間,While she was playing the piano, she got very excited.,While playing the piano, she got very excited.,(doing 動作進行中, 主句動作發(fā)生了.這時when 或 while一般要加上。),1.表時間,Having turned off the radio, he began to go over his lessons.,After turning off the radio, he began to go over his lessons.,After he had turned off the radio, he began to go over his lessons.,(doing動作完成后, 主句動作才發(fā)生.),1.表時間,As he forgot his manners, he put his feet up on the desk.,Forgetting his manners, he put his feet up on the desk.,Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.,(doing動作與主句動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生.),Because he was so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.,2.表原因,Because/ As he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didnt go last week.,Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didnt go last week.,(doing動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前，用doing的完成式.),2.表原因,Although he worked from morning till night, he didnt get enough food.,Although working from morning till night, he didnt get enough food.,(although/ even if/ even though + doing.),3.表讓步,They sang and laughed; they came into the classroom.,They came into the classroom, singing and laughing.,(表方式和伴隨時, 謂語動作是主要的,doing是次要動作.),4.表方式,伴隨,The bus was held up by the snowstorm, so it caused the delay.,The bus was held up by the snowstorm, causing the delay.,5.表結(jié)果,1.表時間,2.表原因,4.表伴隨,5.表結(jié)果,過去分詞做狀語,3.表條件、讓步,When the city is seen from the hill, it is beautiful.,Seen from the hill, the city is beautiful.,1.表時間,Confused by the stones flying at them from all sides, the boys ran into the building.,As the boys were confused by the stones flying at them from all sides, they ran into the building.,2.表原因,Even though defeated again, the scientist didnt give up.,(一般來講,時間,原因,條件,讓步狀語多放與句首,結(jié)果,伴隨,方式狀語多放在句末.),Given more water, the fish couldnt die.,3.表條件、讓步,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,doing與句子的主語是主動關(guān)系,即主語是doing動作的執(zhí)行者.,過去分詞做狀語, done與句子的主語是被動關(guān)系,即主語是done動作的承受者.,分詞作狀語時前面可用連詞,1. when, while, once, if, unless, though等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，若其主語與主句主語相同時，可保留該副詞連接詞，其余部分則化簡為分詞短語。 While walking along the street early in the morning, he saw her. 一早在街上散步時，他看到了她。 If falling ill, Ill see my doctor.如果生病我會去看醫(yī)生。 Once completed, this power station supplies the nearby towns and villages with electricity.這個電站一旦建成，將向附近的城鄉(xiāng)供電。 Even though given every opportunity, they would not try. 即使給他們一切機會，他們也不肯試一試。 Though knowing the truth, he remained silent. 雖然他知道實情，卻保持沉默。 Unless invited, I am not going abroad. 除非受到邀請，要不然我是不會出國的。,分詞或分詞短語作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句中的主語相同（即保持一致）,否則句子是錯誤的。,Entering the room, I found the walls newly-painted. 我走進房間時，發(fā)現(xiàn)墻壁油漆一新。 Entering the room，the first thing that met eyes was the newly-painted walls Badly wounded, the soldier was sent to hospital at once 士兵受了重傷，立即被送到醫(yī)院。 Badly wounded，we sent the soldier to hospital at once Being very busy，I could not afford the time to go to the cinema 我因為太忙，不能花時間去看電影了。 Being very busy，the film tickets were given to others,（對）,（對）,（對）,（錯）,（錯）,（錯）,The end,非謂語動詞做狀語的形式： doing/ having done done/having been done to do/ to be done 二. 做題方法：析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找邏輯主語，辯邏輯關(guān)系，判動詞先后 三. 高考易混點,三.非謂語動詞做狀語 高考易混點,1. (only) to do 和(thus) doing 做結(jié)果狀語 1.His parents died, _ him an orphan. A. left B. leaving C. leave D. to leave 2. He rushed to the train station, only _ the train had gone. A. finding B. found C. finds D. to find (only) to do 出乎意料,意料之外 (thus) doing 順其自然,意料之中,做結(jié)果 狀語時,2. doing 做伴隨狀語和to do 做目的狀語 1). The secretary worked late into night, _a long speech. ( prepare ) The secretary worked late into night _ a long speech. 2)Write to the editor, _ that the editor would be able to help her（ hope ）,preparing,hoping,to prepare,3. taste, feel ,smell ,taste，為感官動詞，常用現(xiàn)在分詞做定語或狀語。沒有被動語態(tài)。 1._delicious, the apples sells well. A. Tasted B. Tasting C. To taste D. Having been tasted 2. _sweet, the flowers in the botanic garden attracted the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. To smell B. Smelling C. Smelt D. To be smelt,4. 非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語原則上應(yīng)與 主句主語保持一致. 1）. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_. （2006陜西卷） A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John 2). While watching television，_. （2005全國卷III） A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings,watching,Faced with,3.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming.,4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.,is B. to be C. being D.It being E. It was F. been,C,E,注意標(biāo)點符號,When _ help, one often says, “Can I help you?” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered 2. When _ help, one often says, “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered 3. Generally speaking, _according to the directions, the drug has no side- effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken 4.While watching TV, _. A. The door bell rang B. we heard the door bell rings C. We heard the door bell ring D. the door bell rings,非謂語動詞的三種基本形式： 二. 句式特點：_, 句子 句子+_ 三. 做題方法：析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找邏輯主語，辯邏輯關(guān)系，判動詞先后 四. 高考考點,doing,done,to do,2. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing,the two students,（三）辨邏輯關(guān)系,“You cant catch me !” Jane shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C.to run D. ran 2. _ black and blue, the lady couldnt move. A. Beaten B. Beating C. To be beaten D. To beat,Jane,判斷主被動,3. 考察（be）過去分詞+介詞 1). _ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (四川 2006) A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face 2). _ so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (選項同上) 3). _in the mountains for a week, we were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Losing C. Being lost D. Lost 4)._ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor, （dress）,Facing,Dressed,Find out some sentences about“非謂語動 做狀語” from the reading and the using language. 1.Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from volcano will flow next and how fast. 2. Having earlier collected special clothes fron the observatory, we put them on before we went any closer. 3. Having swallowed the fruit, the girl became pregnant and gave a birth to a handsome boy.,考察 （be）過去分詞+介詞 1. _ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (四川 2006) A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face 2. _ so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (選項同上) 3. _in the mountains for a week, we were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Losing C. Being lost D. Lost 4._ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor, （dress）,Facing,Dressed,_ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. A. Attrac