2015中考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài).ppt

被動(dòng)語態(tài),什么叫被動(dòng)語態(tài)？,I,close,the door,主,謂,賓,is,d,by,me,一、被動(dòng)語態(tài)含義,被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。 將賓語變主語 主語變賓語 謂語變 be+V.pp,二、被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),主+ be+V.pp+(by sb.),Exercise,1.許多樹被種。 Many trees are planted (by people). 2.那首歌被唱了許多遍了。 The song is sung many times (by people).,八種時(shí)態(tài)下的被動(dòng)語態(tài),三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài),am/is/are +V.pp,1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),2)一般過去時(shí) was/were +V.pp Eg:那個(gè)杯子昨天被我打破了。 That cup was broken by me.,3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) am/is /are being +V.pp Eg: 這里一個(gè)新電影院正在被建。 A new cinema is being built here,4)過去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were being + V.pp Eg：昨晚八點(diǎn)一個(gè)會(huì)議正在被召開。 A meeting was being held at 8 oclock last night.,5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) has /have been + V.pp eg:工作已經(jīng)被他們完成了。 The work has been finished by them.,6)過去完成時(shí) had been + V.pp eg:截止去年底，一個(gè)新體育館已經(jīng)在北京被完成了。 By the end of last year, a new gym had been completed in Beijing.,7)一般將來時(shí) will be + V.pp Eg:如果工廠關(guān)閉，成百上千的工作將會(huì)被丟 Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.,8）過去將來時(shí) should/would be + V.pp Eg:她說消息會(huì)被送給Tom。 She said that the news would be sent to Tom.,9)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài) can/may/must be+V.pp Eg:你的作業(yè)必須被完成。 Your homework must be finished.,四、句子種類,主+系+表 主+動(dòng) 主+動(dòng)+賓 主+動(dòng)+雙賓 主+動(dòng)+賓+賓補(bǔ),1)主+動(dòng)+雙賓的被動(dòng),I give you a book. 主 動(dòng) 間接賓語 直接賓語 You are given a book (by me). A book is given to you (by me).,2) “主+動(dòng)+賓+賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，將賓語 變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動(dòng).,They turned the room into a shop.,The room was turned into a shop.,主 動(dòng) 賓 賓補(bǔ),3）在使役動(dòng)詞have, make, get以及 感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel 等變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加to.,I saw a stranger walk into the building,A stranger was seen to walk into the building.,4) 有些動(dòng)詞詞組用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，要把它們看作一個(gè)整體， 不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。,The baby was looked after carefully.,She looked after the baby carefully.,課堂練習(xí) （一）改寫句子 1. We plant trees in spring every year. _ by us in spring every year. 2. She posted the letter yesterday. _ by her yesterday. 3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present. _a birthday present by Mr Turner. 4. He is drawing a picture. _ by him. 5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow. _ by you tomorrow. 6. She is going to write a letter. _ by her.,Trees are planted,The letter was posted,I was given,A picture is being drawn,Your homework may be handed in,A letter is going to be written,7. I have given you the new book. _ to you. 8. Her bag cannot be found by her. _ her bag. 9. Do you often hear her sing Russian songs? _Russian songs by you? 10. She doesnt let her son swim in the river. _ in the river by her. 11. The bridge was being built by them at this time last year. _ the bridge at this time last year. 12. Does she often sing the song? _ by her?,The new book has been given,She cannot find,Is she often heard to sing,Her son isnt let to swim,They were building,Is the song often sung,1. If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner A are not kept；will have to B are not kept；have C do not keep；will have to D do not keep；have to 2. The fifth generation computers, _and perfected now. A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed 3. - _ the sports meet might be put off - Yes，it all depends on the weather A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told,A,C,A,4. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 5. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 6. The new bridge _ by the end of last month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed 7. When part of a pencil is in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken,D,C,B,C,8. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _. A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up 9. That suit _ over 60 dollars. A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost 10. - Look! Everything here is under construction. - Whats the pretty small house that _ for? A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 11.- Do you like the cloth? - Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt,B,D,A,C,12. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written D written 13. I have no more letters _ ，thank you A to type B typing C to be typed D typed 14. Take care! Dont drop the ink on your shirt, for it _ easily. A. wont wash out B. wont be washed out C. isnt washed out D. isnt washing out 15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _. A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out,B,C,A,D,16. The computers on the table _ Professor Smith. A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to 17. - What do you think of the book? -Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read 18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to