英語(yǔ)專業(yè)本科畢業(yè)論文-論《獻(xiàn)給艾米麗的玫瑰花》中的哥特式情結(jié).doc

畢業(yè)論文論獻(xiàn)給艾米麗的玫瑰花中的哥特式情結(jié)學(xué)校專業(yè)姓名學(xué)號(hào)班級(jí)指導(dǎo)教師院系二一一年二月論獻(xiàn)給艾米麗的一支玫瑰花中的哥特式情結(jié)摘要美國(guó)作家威廉.?？思{的作品獻(xiàn)給艾米麗的玫瑰花被視為美國(guó)南方哥特式小說(shuō)的杰作。這部小說(shuō)講述了愛(ài)米麗小姐悲慘的一生，充滿懸疑，耐人尋味。這篇論文主要從幾個(gè)角度討論了獻(xiàn)給艾米麗的玫瑰花的哥特式風(fēng)格。這篇論文分為四部分，第一部分，對(duì)威廉.?？思{和他的短篇小說(shuō)獻(xiàn)給艾米莉的玫瑰花作了簡(jiǎn)要的介紹，并且指出了這篇論文的目的和意義。第二部分主要介紹了哥特式文學(xué)的來(lái)源和哥特式特點(diǎn)在文學(xué)上的體現(xiàn)。第三部分,也是這篇論文最重要部分，通過(guò)分析環(huán)境描寫，主題，敘述方式還有人物描寫來(lái)體現(xiàn)獻(xiàn)給艾米麗的玫瑰花中的哥特式特點(diǎn)或風(fēng)格。最后部分對(duì)這篇論文作了總結(jié)，它所得出的結(jié)論是獻(xiàn)給艾米麗的玫瑰花很多方面體現(xiàn)了哥特式特點(diǎn)，并且因?yàn)樗母缣厥教攸c(diǎn)作者才成功地表達(dá)了他所想表達(dá)的主題。關(guān)鍵詞：哥特情結(jié)；環(huán)境描寫；主題；敘述方式；人物StudyontheGothicComplexinARoseforEmilyAbstractARoseforEmilywrittenbyAmericanwriterWilliamFaulknerisregardedastherepresentativeworkofsoutherngothicfictionofAmerica.ThestorywritesMissEmilystragiclifeanditsfullofsuspenseandintenselyinteresting.ThispaperdiscussestheGothiccharacteristicsofARoseforEmilyonseveralangles,anditisdividedintofourparts.Inthefirstpart,itintroducestheWilliamFaulknerandhisARoseforEmilybrieflyandpointsouttheaimandthesignificanceofthestudy.Inthesecondpartitintroducesthegothiccharacteristicsinliterature.Inthethirdpartwhichisthemostimportantpart,itpointsoutthattheauthorusesgothiccharacteristicsfromfouraspectsofthedescriptionofenvironment,thetheme,thenarrativeway,andthecharacter.Inthelastpart,itconcludesthattheauthorcombinesgothiccharacteristicswiththerealisticcontentsuccessfullyandexpresseshiscomplicatedfeelingpreciselybecauseofusinggothiccharacteristics.Keywords:gothiccomplex；environmentdescription；theme；narrativeway；characterContentsAbstract.i內(nèi)容摘要.ii1.Introduction.11.1AbriefintroductionofWilliamFaulknerandhisARoseforEmily.11.2IntroductionoftheGothicCharacteristicsinLiterature.22.LiteratureReview.33.TheGothicCharacteristicsinARoseforEmily.43.1Thegothiccharacteristicsinthedescriptionofenvironment.43.2ThegothiccharacteristicsinthethemeofARoseforEmily.63.3ThegothiccharacteristicsinthenarrativewayofARoseforEmily.73.4Thegothiccharacteristicsinthecharacter.84.Conclusion.10Bibliography.13StudyontheGothicComplexinARoseforEmily1.Introduction1.1AbriefintroductionofWilliamFaulknerandhisARoseforEmilyWilliamFaulknerisoneofthemostdistinguishwriterinAmericanliterature.HewasbornandlivedintheSouth,whichinfluencedhimgreatly,therefore,mostofhisworksdescribedthepeopleandtheirlivesintheSouth.AstheappearanceofFaulkner,theSouthappearedtheliterarygloriesof“theSouthRenaissance”,whicheverwascalled“theliterarydesert.(YuJianhua,TheSecondProsperousofAmericanLiterature,460).Heinventedacountyandatowninhisimagination,andhewroteaboutthesocietyintheSouthbyinventingfamilieswhichrepresenteddifferentsocialforces:theold,decayingupperclass；therising,ambitious,unscrupulousclassof“poorwhites”；andtheNegroeswholaboredforbothofthem.HismajorworksincludedSartoris,TheUnvanquished,TheSoundandtheFury,AsILayDying,TheTownandARoseforEmily(LaurenceB.Holland,TheNortonAnthologyofAmericanLiterary,534-537).Publishedin1930,ARoseforEmilywasoneofthebestknownandthemostwidelyreadnovelamongWilliamFaulknersshortstories.ThestorytookplaceinamythicaltownthatWilliamFaulknercalledJefferson,Mississippi.ThestoryhappenedattheperiodofthelatenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturieswhenthetownwaslearningtolivewithSouthslossintheCivilWarandtheconsequentdismantlingoftheslavery-basedsocietythathadprecededit.BecauseofthelossintheCivilWar,peopleinthesouthledapoorlife.Especiallythewhitepeople,theirlifesuddenlybecomepoorbecausemostoftheslaveswenttothenorthtoworkforthenorthernindustry，sothewhitepeoplecouldntgetaccustomedtothelifechangeinashorttime,buttheystillpretendedtobenobleandkepttheirfamilysdignity(HowardClincotton,AmericanHistory,30).Thestorydescribedawhitewoman,EmilystragiclifeundertheSouthslossinthe2CivilWar.Emilyslifewasstronglydominatedbyherfather,andshehadnorighttodatewithmalesandchooseherlover.Afterherfathersdeath,shecouldonlydatewithanorthernworker.Buttoherdisappointment,theworkerrefusedtomarryher,andtherefusaldrovehertokillhimbyusingpoison,andshelethisbodycompanyher.AfterEmilysdeath,thetownpeoplediscoveredaskeletoninthehouse,andfoundoutthatthepoorEmilywasamurder,andpeoplewereshockedbythediscovery.Thematically,thisshortstoryisnotassimpleasitseems.Theconflictsinthestorycanbeinterpretedondifferentlevels.Onthesuperficiallevel,itwasamurderstorywithgothiccharacteristics.Itdescribedaneccentricwomanwholivedinherolddecayingmysterioushousethatotherpeoplehadnotvisitedfordecades,and,ofcourse,adeadbodyinthehousefinallywasdiscoveredaftersomanyyears.Onanotherlevel,thestorycanbereadasaconflictbetweentheSouthandtheNorthwithEmilyrepresentingthedecliningSouthandHomerBarronrepresentingtheNorth.Onadeeperlevel,thestoryexplorestheinnerworldofahumanbeing,ortheinnerstruggleinthehumanheart.1.2IntroductionoftheGothicCharacteristicsinLiteratureTheword“Goth”camefromthenameofaGermanictribe.Thegothicpeoplewerefamousfortheirbrutalanduncivilizedfeatures.TheyeverlivedinnorthEurope,theninvadedinRomeEmpirefromthethirdADcenturytothefifthADcentury,andsetmanykingdomsinItaly,Spain,southpartofFranceandNorthAfrica.Athousandyearslater,aftertheRomeEmpirediedout,ItalianVasari(1511-1574)usedtheGothforthefirsttimetorefertoanarchitecturalstyleinmiddleage,whichwastallsharppointed,vaultedroofortower,narrowwindows,colorfulglass,darknesshouses,gloomyladders.(XiaoMinghan,CriticismofForeignLiterature,9)ThegothicarchitecturewasoriginatedinFrancein11thcentury,anditwaspopularinEuropefrom13thcenturyto15thcentury.Thiskindofarchitecturestylemostlyisseeninthechurch,andalsoincommonarchitecture.Thegothicarchitecturehasahighstatusinthehistoryofarchitecturebecauseofitsexcellentskillanditsachievementinthefieldofart.Thegothiccharacteristicsnotonlyappearinarchitecture,butalsoappearinmanyfieldssuchasliterature,movie,musicandclothing.Theso-called“GothicRevivalappearedinaspectsofarchitectureandliteratureduringeighteenthcenturytonineteenthcentury,whichwasthegloomyanddepressed3toneinmiddleage.Meanwhile,someliteraryworksenjoyedthesametonewithGothicfictioninthetime.TakeHoraceWalpoleforexample,hisTheCastleofOtrantosetanexampleforearlyclassicgothicfiction.ThebirthofGothicfiction”wasnotonlyrelatedwiththeGothicfeelingofthecemeterypoetryofEngland,butrelatedwiththeGothiccharacteristics，theaestheticstandardofEdmundBurke(1729-1797)aswell.Thegothiccharacteristicsinliteraturearethatthestorymostlytakesplaceinadistantagesanddesolateplaces,thecharactersarelockedorimprisonedinnarrowspacesorinamysteriousgothicbuildingandsuspenseoftenmingleswithlove.Therearesomeusualwaysofsuspense,suchasmysteriousinheritance,secretantecedents,lostwill,thesecretoffamily,ancestralcurseandsoon.Andattheendofthestory,themysteryorthesuspenseissolved,theevildoerisdiscoveredandtheimpedimentofthelovebetweentheheroandtheheroineisbrushedaside.Comparedwithromanticfiction,thegothicfictionmostlydescribesadventurousstoryandtheimpedimentoflovemostlyiscausedbytheevildoer,whiletheromanticfictionmostlydescribesthefamilystriviality,andtheimpedimentoftheloveintheromanticfictionbetweencharactersiscausedbythem.Thethemeofthegothicstorymostlyrevealsthroughdeath,murder,violenceandhorriblescene.Inashort,thenovelswiththegothiccharacteristicsrevealamysterious,horrible,depressedandgloomyatmosphere.Sincethe18t