英語語言學(xué)試題及答案VIP

英語語言學(xué)試題及答案

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共20分）1.“Phoneme”refersto（）A.thesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguageB.thesmallestunitofsoundinalanguageC.aunitofgrammarD.atypeofword答案：B2.Whichofthefollowingisasuprasegmentalfeature?（）A.VowelB.ConsonantC.StressD.Phoneme答案：C3.Thestudyofword-formationiscalled（）A.semanticsB.morphologyC.syntaxD.pragmatics答案：B4.Therelationshipbetween“animal”and“dog”is（）A.hyponymyB.synonymyC.antonymyD.homonymy答案：A5.“Isawamanwithatelescope.”Thissentenceis（）A.ambiguousB.ungrammaticalC.semantic-lessD.ill-formed答案：A6.Thebasicunitofsyntaxis（）A.wordB.phraseC.clauseD.sentence答案：D7.Thestudyofhowspeakersofalanguageusesentencestoeffectsuccessfulcommunicationis（）A.semanticsB.morphologyC.syntaxD.pragmatics答案：D8.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofcooperativeprincipleviolation?（）A.“It'scoldinhere.”whenthespeakerwantssomeonetoclosethewindow.B.“Theweatherisnicetoday.”inanappropriatecontext.C.“Heisagenius.”saidironicallyaboutastupidperson.D.“I'mfine,thankyou.”asaresponseto“Howareyou?”答案：C9.Theprocessofaddinganaffixtoawordtocreateanewwordiscalled（）A.compoundingB.derivationC.inflectionD.blending答案：B10.Theterm“l(fā)angue”wasproposedby（）A.ChomskyB.SaussureC.HallidayD.Bloomfield答案：B二、多項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarebranchesoflinguistics?（）A.PhoneticsB.SemanticsC.SociolinguisticsD.Psycholinguistics答案：ABCD2.Phoneticfeaturesofconsonantsinclude（）A.placeofarticulationB.mannerofarticulationC.voicingD.length答案：ABC3.Typesofword-formationinclude（）A.compoundingB.derivationC.conversionD.acronymy答案：ABCD4.Whichofthefollowingaresemanticrelations?（）A.synonymyB.antonymyC.hyponymyD.meronymy答案：ABCD5.Pragmaticprinciplesinclude（）A.cooperativeprincipleB.politenessprincipleC.relevanceprincipleD.iconicityprinciple答案：ABC6.Whichofthefollowingaresuprasegmentalfeatures?（）A.StressB.ToneC.IntonationD.Vowellength答案：ABC7.Thecomponentsofasyllableare（）A.onsetB.nucleusC.codaD.rhyme答案：ABC8.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofantonyms?（）A.gradableantonymsB.complementaryantonymsC.relationalantonymsD.absoluteantonyms答案：ABC9.Syntacticrelationsinclude（）A.linearorderB.constituencyC.governmentD.co-reference答案：ABCD10.Thefunctionsoflanguageinclude（）A.informativefunctionB.interpersonalfunctionC.performativefunctionD.recreationalfunction答案：ABCD三、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）1.Phoneticsstudieshowspeechsoundsareproduced,transmittedandperceived.（）答案：T2.Allomorphsaredifferentformsofthesamemorpheme.（）答案：T3.Synonymshaveexactlythesamemeaninginallcontexts.（）答案：F4.Asentencecanbeungrammaticalbutstillsemanticallymeaningful.（）答案：T5.Pragmaticsisconcernedwiththestudyofmeaninginisolation.（）答案：F6.Compoundingisawayofcreatingnewwordsbycombiningtwoormoreexistingwords.（）答案：T7.InEnglish,intonationcanchangethemeaningofasentence.（）答案：T8.TheCooperativePrinciplewasproposedbyGrice.（）答案：T9.Hyponymyisarelationwhereamoregeneraltermincludesmorespecificterms.（）答案：T10.Morphologyonlystudiestheinternalstructureofwords.（）答案：F四、簡答題（每題5分，共20分）1.Define“morpheme”答案：Amorphemeisthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.Itcan'tbedividedintosmallermeaningfulparts.Forexample,“un-”in“unhappy”isamorphemewiththemeaningof“opposite”,and“happy”isalsoamorpheme.2.Whatisthedifferencebetweenphoneticsandphonology?答案：Phoneticsfocusesonthephysicalpropertiesofspeechsounds,likehowthey'reproduced,transmittedandperceived.Phonologystudiesthesoundsystemsoflanguages,howsoundsfunctioninalanguagetodistinguishmeaning,e.g.,whichsoundsarephonemesinaparticularlanguage.3.Explain“syntacticambiguity”withanexample答案：Syntacticambiguitymeansasentencehasmorethanonegrammaticalstructure.Forexample,“Theoldmenandwomenlefttheroom.”It'sunclearwhether“old”modifiesonly“men”orboth“menandwomen”.4.WhatisthePolitenessPrinciple?答案：ThePolitenessPrinciplewasproposedbyLeech.ItincludesmaximslikeTact,Generosity,Approbation,etc.Speakersfollowthesemaximstobepoliteincommunication,e.g.,minimizingimpositioninrequeststoshowpoliteness.五、討論題（每題5分，共20分）1.DiscusstheimportanceofstudyingEnglishlinguisticsforEnglishlanguagelearners答案：StudyingEnglishlinguisticshelpslearnersunderstandthestructureandrulesofthelanguage.Itenablesbetterpronunciationthroughphoneticknowledge,moreaccurateword-buildingwithmorphology,andcorrectsentenceconstructionusingsyntax.Also,itimprovescommunicationskillsaslearnersgraspsemanticandpragmaticaspects.2.Howdoescontextaffecttheunderstandingofmeaninginlanguage?答案：Contextprovidescrucialinformation.Itdisambiguateswordsandsentences.Forexample,apolysemousword'smeaningisclearincontext.Pragmaticmeaninglikeimplicatureisalsodeterminedbycontext.Ithelpsspeakersandlistenersinfertheintendedmeaningbeyondtheliteralsense.3.Analyzetheroleofword-formationinEnglishvocabularyexpansion答案：Word-formationmethodslikecompounding,derivation,etc.,createnewwords.Co