Unit 3 知識(shí)點(diǎn)與語(yǔ)法梳理精練（原卷版）VIP

知識(shí)清單專題03【知識(shí)串講】必修三Unit3知識(shí)點(diǎn)與語(yǔ)法梳理精練知識(shí)清單pressv.按；壓；n.按；壓；印刷；出版社【教材原句】PresentlyIamgoingtopressthelever,andoffthemachinewillgo.現(xiàn)在我要按一下?lián)u桿，機(jī)器就開(kāi)動(dòng)了。pressthebutton按按鈕 ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress外研社pressuren.壓力shoot(過(guò)去式shot；過(guò)去分詞shot)v.射出(光、亮等)，放射；射擊，發(fā)射；投籃，射門；拍攝，攝影【教材原句】Afaintbluelightshotacrossit,darkeningtopurple,andpresentlyshecouldseetheimageofherson,wholivedontheothersideoftheearth,andhecouldseeher.一道微弱的藍(lán)光射過(guò)它，暗到紫色，不一會(huì)兒她就能看見(jiàn)她兒子的影像，他住在地球的另一邊，他也能看見(jiàn)她。shootabullet發(fā)射子彈 shootamovie拍電影 shootabasket投籃得分advancen.進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展；前進(jìn)；預(yù)先v.前進(jìn)；提出；發(fā)展；提前flexibleadj.靈活的；可彎曲的；柔韌的【教材原句】Forexample,advancesinvirtualrealityandwearabletech,aswellastheflexiblebattery,meanweshouldsoonbeseeingfurtherdevelopments.例如，柔性電池以及虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)與可穿戴技術(shù)的進(jìn)步都意味著我們應(yīng)該很快就會(huì)看到進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展。advanceon/towards朝著…前進(jìn) makeadvancesin在…方面取得進(jìn)步inadvance預(yù)先,提前 advancedadj.高級(jí)的,先進(jìn)的flexiblyadv.靈活地 flexibilityn.靈活性；柔韌性；適應(yīng)性desiren.渴望，欲望，愿望；v.渴望，期望；想要【教材原句】Butwhatremainsimportantisthatwehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate，andthat'stherealspiritofinvention.但仍然重要的是，我們非?？释ニ伎己蛣?chuàng)造，這才是真正的發(fā)明精神。haveastrongdesiretodosth.迫切想要做某事 desireforsth.想要某物desiretodosth.渴望做某事 desiresb.todosth.想要某人做某事desirethat...(should)dosth. 渴望…做某事inaddition此外，另外【教材原句】Inaddition,importantadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingcomputerpower.此外，由于計(jì)算機(jī)能力的提高，醫(yī)學(xué)和環(huán)境科學(xué)也取得了重大進(jìn)展。 inadditionto=besides=apartfrom除…之外intermsof依據(jù)，按照；就…而言；從…角度【教材原句】Intermsoftheenvironment,itisnowpossibletocreateanintelligentwalkinghouse.就環(huán)境而言，現(xiàn)在有可能創(chuàng)造一個(gè)智能步行屋。beongood/badterms關(guān)系良好/不好 inthelong/shortterm長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)/短期而言what'smore除此之外，另外，而且【教材原句】What'smore,hugeadvancesinsolartechnologymeanitcanbeeco-friendly,too.除此之外，太陽(yáng)能技術(shù)的巨大進(jìn)步意味著它也可以是環(huán)保的。what'smore=besides=inaddition=moreover=furthermore另外，除此之外leadto導(dǎo)致，引起，造成【教材原句】Now,reducedenergysuppliesandenvironmentalpollutionhaveledtomoreadvancesinthetechnologyofnewenergyvehicles.現(xiàn)在，能源供應(yīng)的減少和環(huán)境污染導(dǎo)致了新能源汽車技術(shù)的更大進(jìn)步。leadtosomeplace通往某地 leadtoone's/sb.doingsth.導(dǎo)致某人做某事leadsb.todosth.帶領(lǐng)某人做某事；導(dǎo)致某人做某事強(qiáng)調(diào)句式：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))＋that(被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)也可用who)＋其他部分inspirev.鼓舞，鼓勵(lì)，激勵(lì)；啟發(fā)；給某人創(chuàng)作靈感【教材原句】Sowhatisitthatinspiresustoinventthings？那么是什么激勵(lì)我們進(jìn)行發(fā)明的呢？ 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)：疑問(wèn)詞＋is/wasit＋that/who＋其他部分？ 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)：Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分？inspiresb.todosth 激勵(lì)某人去做某事 inspirationn.鼓舞;啟示;靈感;鼓舞人心的人/物inspiredadj.激動(dòng)的;得到靈感的 inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的;啟發(fā)靈感的injurev．使受傷，弄傷【教材原句】Anditisnotjusthumanswhoarebenefiting—inBrazil,peoplehavegivenanew3D-printedshelltoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!而且不僅僅是人類受益——在巴西，人們給了一只在森林大火中受傷的烏龜一個(gè)新的3D打印的龜殼！ injuredadj.受傷的 injuryn.傷害，損害accurateadj.準(zhǔn)確的；精確的；逼真的【教材原句】HealsodevelopedacalendarwhichisasaccurateastheGregoriancalendar.他還研制了一種和公歷一樣精確的歷法。 beaccuratein…在某方面精確 tobeaccurate精確地說(shuō) accuratelyadv.精確地，準(zhǔn)確地 accuracyn.精確;準(zhǔn)確curevt.治愈；治好；n.療法，治療【教材原句】Currently,there'snocureforAlzheimer's,butscientistsareresearchingwaystoimprovethequalityoflifeforpeoplelivingwiththedisease.目前，還沒(méi)有治愈阿爾茨海默病的方法，但是科學(xué)家們正在研究改善患有這種疾病的人的生活質(zhì)量的方法。curesb.ofsth.治好某人的??；矯正某人的不良行為 acureforsth.某疾病的治療方法 takeacure接受治療 beyondprep.(表位置)在或者往……另一邊；(表時(shí)間)晚于；(表排斥)除……以外；(表數(shù)目)多于；(表程度)超出……的范圍；(表范圍)超出【教材原句】Withinthenext80years,ourlivesmaybechangedbeyondrecognitionby3Dprinting. 在未來(lái)80年內(nèi)，我們的生活可能會(huì)被3D打印改變得面目全非。beyondone'scontrol超出某人的控制，不受某人的控制beyondcomparison無(wú)與倫比 beyondone'sreach夠不著，超出……之外beyondone'spower/ability超出某人的能力 beyondwords/description無(wú)法形容，難以言表beyondquestion毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) beyondbelief難以置信beyondrepair無(wú)法修補(bǔ)significantadj.重要的；影響深遠(yuǎn)的；重大的；顯著的todate至今，到目前為止【教材原句】Butperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthatpeoplehaveachievedtodateisinmedicine. 但是,也許迄今為止人類取得的最重大的成功是在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域。 significancen.重要性,重大意義 beof(great)significance/importanceto...對(duì)…有(重要)意義attachsignificance/importanceto...認(rèn)為……重要 significantlyadv. 顯著地;有重大意義地outofdate廢棄的;過(guò)時(shí)的;陳舊的 uptodate直到最近的;現(xiàn)代的,時(shí)新的setadate 選定一個(gè)日子 haveadate有約會(huì)goonadate赴約 datefrom/datebackto追溯到declarationn.宣布；宣告【教材原句】BenjaminFranklin(1706–1790)wasoneoftheFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesandhelpeddrafttheDeclarationofIndependenceandtheUSConstitution.本杰明·富蘭克林(1706-1790)是美國(guó)的開(kāi)國(guó)元?jiǎng)字唬瑤椭鸩萘恕丢?dú)立宣言》和美國(guó)憲法。declaresth.宣布某事 declarethat...宣布/宣告……declarefor/against聲明贊成/反對(duì) declarewaron/against向……宣戰(zhàn)focuson專心于；專注；關(guān)注【教材原句】Anessaytitleoftencontainsanexplicitorimplicitquestionwhichyouressayshouldfocusonanswering. 文章標(biāo)題通常包含一個(gè)明確或隱含的問(wèn)題，你的文章應(yīng)該集中精力回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。focusone'sattention/energy/mindon集中某人的注意力/精力/心思于attachvt.系，綁，貼【教材原句】Ametalkeywasattachedtothestring.繩子上系著一把金屬鑰匙。attach...to把…附加在…上 attachimportanceto...認(rèn)為…重要/有意義attachedadj.附屬的，依戀的，愛(ài)慕的 beattachedto...附屬于；依戀于；愛(ài)慕attachmentn.附屬物，附件comeupwith提出；想出【教材原句】SomehaveevenquestionedthestoryabouttheapplethatfellonNewton’sheadandledhimtocomeupwithhistheoryofgravity. 一些人甚至質(zhì)疑蘋果掉在牛頓頭上并導(dǎo)致他提出萬(wàn)有引力理論的故事。comeup走近；上來(lái)；發(fā)芽；發(fā)生；被提出comeabout發(fā)生 comeacross穿過(guò)(路、橋)；（偶然）遇到，發(fā)現(xiàn)cometoaconclusion得出結(jié)論 whenitcomesto... 當(dāng)談到……accountn.描述，記述；解釋，說(shuō)明；賬戶；v.認(rèn)為，看作；解釋，說(shuō)明whileconj.當(dāng)…時(shí)；而，然而；雖然，盡管【教材原句】Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.事實(shí)上，不止一種說(shuō)法表明，雖然牛頓確實(shí)是受到一個(gè)掉落的蘋果的啟發(fā)，但沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明蘋果砸到了他的頭。giveanaccountof給予描述；進(jìn)行說(shuō)明 openanaccount開(kāi)一個(gè)賬戶takesth.intoaccount/takeaccountofsth.認(rèn)真考慮某事onaccountof由于，因?yàn)? onnoaccount決不accountfor(在數(shù)量和比例上)占，占據(jù)；是…的原因；對(duì)…做出解釋和說(shuō)明contributeto/towards對(duì)…作出貢獻(xiàn)；導(dǎo)致；有助于alongwith和…一起【就遠(yuǎn)原則】【教材原句】Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists,hasinspiredusandtaughtusthatscientificexperimentsareimportantinordertoestablishthetruthandtocontributetowardslaterscientificdiscoveriesandinventions. 富蘭克林和許多其他科學(xué)家一起，啟發(fā)并教導(dǎo)我們，科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)于確立真理和為后來(lái)的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)和發(fā)明做出貢獻(xiàn)是非常重要的。contribute...to...將……捐獻(xiàn)給……contributionn.貢獻(xiàn) makecontributions/acontributionto...為…做出貢獻(xiàn) 就遠(yuǎn)原則：由aswellas,with,alongwith,like,togetherwith,ratherthan,except,but，including,besides，inadditionto等引起的結(jié)構(gòu)跟前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。 He,alongwithhisfriends,isgoingshopping.neither…nor…既不…也不…，兩者都不【就近原則】【教材原句】However,neitherthestorynorthedetailsoftheexperimentareentirelytrue. 然而，這個(gè)故事和這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的細(xì)節(jié)都不完全是真的。 就近原則：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)與最近作主語(yǔ)的詞語(yǔ)保持一致，常出現(xiàn)在這類句子中的連詞有：or，either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...及therebe句型中。 NeitherAnnanorIaminterestedinhighfinance.EitherIortheyareresponsiblefortheresultofthematter.conductv.傳導(dǎo)(熱、電)；實(shí)施，進(jìn)行；指揮；引導(dǎo)n.行為，舉止；管理【教材原句】Aflashoflightninghitthekite,andelectricitywasconductedthroughthestringtothekey. 一道閃電擊中了風(fēng)箏,電通過(guò)繩子傳到了鑰匙上。conductorn.(樂(lè)隊(duì)等)指揮；列車長(zhǎng)；售票員 conductionn. 傳導(dǎo)bad/goodconduct 惡劣的行為/良好的行為 undertheconductof 在……指導(dǎo)/管理下conductoneself 做人，為人diefrom死于【教材原句】ButscientistsallagreethatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock. 但是科學(xué)家們都認(rèn)為如果富蘭克林真接觸了鑰匙,他肯定早就死于電擊了。diefrom 由外部原因造成的死亡 dieof用于死因存在于人身體之內(nèi)dieaway(尤指聲音、光、風(fēng))逐漸消失,停止;自行消失 dieout滅絕,消失

語(yǔ)法清單語(yǔ)法清單現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)： 主動(dòng)：have/has(not)done 被動(dòng)：have/has(not)beendone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的意義：強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，譯為“已經(jīng)…”，通常與already,yet,just,never,recently等副詞連用，。Themachinehasalreadybeenrepaired.表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能持續(xù)下去，常與since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Morethan100famousfilmshavebeenshowedinthecitysinceJuly.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)標(biāo)志：already已經(jīng) yet已經(jīng)；還 recently/lately最近(ever)since自從…以來(lái) sofar/uptonow/tillnow/untilnow/bynow迄今為止inrecentyears在最近幾年里 in/during/overthepast/lastyears在過(guò)去的幾年里現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有影響，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果和影響，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)。HehasworkedinBeijingfor5years.他已經(jīng)在北京工作5年了。（現(xiàn)在還在北京） HeworkedinBeijingfor5years,butnowheworksinTianjin.他在北京工作了5年，現(xiàn)在在天津工作。（在北京工作是過(guò)去的事，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)：動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)是一個(gè)不可分割的整體，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要保持其完整性，其中的介詞或副詞不能省略。Recentlytheenvironmentalproblemshavebeenpaidattentionto.近來(lái)環(huán)境問(wèn)題已經(jīng)得到了關(guān)注。

單元過(guò)關(guān)單元過(guò)關(guān)根據(jù)首字母或中文提示完成句子。1．（2023秋·吉林松原·高一松原市實(shí)驗(yàn)高級(jí)中學(xué)?？计谀㏕hethought________(閃耀)throughmymindthathecouldbelying.2．（2022春·重慶·高一校聯(lián)考期末）Theyareaparticularlyinteresting________(物種)becausetheyformlifelongpartnership.3．（2022春·天津·高一校聯(lián)考期末）Weshouldadopt__________(科學(xué)的)methodsandmanageourtimewellwhenstudying.4．（2022春·廣東汕頭·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Unliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeople______(靈活的)optionstoexercise.5．（2022春·廣東揭陽(yáng)·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Customsplaya________(有重大意義的)roleinfestivals,butsometimestheycanchangeovertime.6．（2023秋·廣東廣州·高一廣州市第二中學(xué)校考期末）Itdoesn’ttakeotherfactorsintoa________,likeageandforgetfulness.7．（2022秋·廣東東莞·高一東莞市東華高級(jí)中學(xué)?？计谀㎜auraneedsanappthatwilladdmoneytoherbanka________.8．（2023秋·北京·高一北京市十一學(xué)校校考期末）Weneedmalesubjectsbetweentheagesof18and25forthee__________(實(shí)驗(yàn)).9．（2022春·黑龍江佳木斯·高一佳木斯一中?？计谀￤hilesleeping,astronautsmusta________(綁)themselvestosomethingsoastopreventfloatingaround.10．（2022春·山東濱州·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Theintelligentwalkinghouseisc______(有能力的)ofusingGPStechnologytotraveltodifferentplaces.（根據(jù)中英文提示填空）用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1．（2023秋·黑龍江鶴崗·高一鶴崗一中校考期末）Goodbooks________(have)aneffectonmesincemychildhood.2．（2023秋·廣東東莞·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Inthepastfewyears,China______(make)rapidprogressinhigh-techindustries.3．（2023秋·上海奉賢·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Itisthefirsttimethatthefootballplayers________(set)footuponthelandofQatar.4．（2023秋·重慶南岸·高一重慶第二外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校?？计谀㎡urunderstandingofthisdisease________(advance)rapidlyinthepastfewyears.5．（2023·廣東廣州·高一執(zhí)信中學(xué)?？计谀㎝arysaidsomebadthingsaboutme,butIhave__________(forgive)herforthat.6．（2022春·黑龍江牡丹江·高一牡丹江市第二高級(jí)中學(xué)校考期末）An______(injure)policemanwasledawaybycolleagues.7．（2022春·黑龍江牡丹江·高一牡丹江市第二高級(jí)中學(xué)?？计谀〢llourresultsarepublishedin______(science)journals.8．（2022春·黑龍江哈爾濱·高一哈九中?？计谀㎞otonlythepresident,butalsohisparents_______(shoot)deadtwentyyearsago.9．（2022春·黑龍江哈爾濱·高一哈爾濱三中校考期末）Ahabitwhichslowsdownthespeedofreadingisvocalization—soundingeachwordeitherorallyor______(mental)asonereads.10．（2022秋·江蘇無(wú)錫·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Thefinishingtouchesarebeingputtoanewswimmingpoolandrecentlyourworkoutrooms_______(update)withmodernequipment.三、單項(xiàng)選擇1．（2023秋·廣東深圳·高一統(tǒng)考期末）I______ahabitofrunninginthemorningsinceIwasinkindergarten.A．keep B．kept C．havekept D．hadkept2．（2023秋·天津武清·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Itwasagoodconcert—Ienjoyedthelastsong______.A．inadvance B．inparticular C．inpanic D．inaddition3．（2023秋·廣東廣州·高一執(zhí)信中學(xué)統(tǒng)考期末）Inthelastthirtyyears,thenumberofpeopleparticipatinginphysicalfitnessprograms______sharply.A．willbeincreasing B．hasincreased C．wereincreasing D．haveincreased4．（2023秋·甘肅蘭州·高一蘭州一中?？计谀㏕hereisalotofmeaning________tothecolorsanddecorationsataChinesewedding.A．a(chǎn)ttaching B．toattach C．a(chǎn)ttached D．a(chǎn)ttach5．（2023秋·廣東深圳·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Sofar,Chineseengineers_____

greatachievementswhenitcomestothedevelopmentoftheHigh-speedtrains.A．make B．made C．havemade D．a(chǎn)remaking6．（2023秋·廣東深圳·高一統(tǒng)考期末）Thoughheonlybeganhiswork3monthsago,heisnowateacherthat________respectfromparentsandstudents.A．hasgained B．a(chǎn)regained C．havegained D．isgained7．（2023秋·天津南開(kāi)·高一崇化中學(xué)?？计谀瑼reyouexcitednow?－Ofcourse.ThisisthefirsttimethatI______insuchabeautifulgardencity.A．travel B．willtravel C．wouldtravel D．havetravelled8．（2023秋·新疆烏魯木齊·高一?？计谀㎜ilyhelpedmewhenIwasintrouble,butaskedfornothing_______.A．inreturn B．inrelief C．incharge D．inaddition9．（2022春·天津·高一校聯(lián)