上海市金山區(qū)2025屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1上海市金山區(qū)2025屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷I.Grammarandvocabulary(20分)SectionA(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Stand-upcomedyinChinaStand-upcomedy,originatingintheUnitedStates,hasgainedglobalappeal,includinginChina.___1___thefirstChinesestand-upcomedyclubwassetupinShenzhenin2009,thisformofentertainmentwasrelativelyunknowntomostChineseaudiences.Butthegrowingpopularityofstand-upcomedyinChina___2___(demonstrate)thathumorhasnoborders.Anothertwostand-upcomedyindustryleadersinChina___3___(establish)in2014and2017respectively.WangXuebin,aprofessoratthePartySchooloftheCPC,explains___4___stand-upcomedyissopopularinChina.Accordingtohim,thecomedymatchesmodernonlinetrends.Comediansoftentalkaboutcurrentsocialissuesinshortanddirectways,___5___fitswellwiththefast-paced,shortvideospeopleenjoyonline.Thetopicsarealsocloselyrelatedtoyoungpeople,whoareakeyaudience.Headdsthatstand-upcomedyiseasytostartbecauseitdoesn’trequirespecialskills.Anyone,___6___ageorgender,cantryit.ThismakesitwidelyappealinginChina.Inaregularcomedyshow,eachcomedianusuallyperformsforabout15minutes.However,inacomedyspecial(專場)___7___(focus)ononecomedian,theperformancelastsaround60minutes.Thislongerformatrequiresmoreworkonthescript(稿),makingthecontent___8___(rich),sotheaudiencealwaysfeelsit’sworththeirtime.Stand-upcomedy,withperformers’rawpersonalstruggles___9___(transform)intouniversallyrelatablehumor,hasgrownfromsmall,undergroundclubstobecomingamainstreampartofpopularculture.Thecompetitionisintense,withnewshowsconstantlyappearingandolderonesinnovating____10____(stay)relevant.Onethingisclear:whatwasonceaniche(小眾的)activityisnoweverywhereinChinaandshowsnosignsofdisappearing.【答案】1.When2.demonstrates3.wereestablished4.why5.which6.regardlessof7.focusing8.richer9.transformed10.tostay【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了脫口秀起源于美國，在中國逐漸流行，分析了其在中國受歡迎的原因、表演形式，還指出它已從小眾活動(dòng)成為主流文化?！?題詳析】考查狀語從句。句意：當(dāng)2009年第一家中國脫口秀俱樂部在深圳成立時(shí)，這種娛樂形式對(duì)大多數(shù)中國觀眾來說還相對(duì)陌生。“thefirstChinesestandupcomedyclubwassetupinShenzhenin2009”是時(shí)間狀語從句，結(jié)合語境，這里表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，用從屬連詞when引導(dǎo)該從句；句首單詞首字母大寫。故填When。【2題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：但脫口秀在中國日益增長的受歡迎程度表明幽默無國界。demonstrate(表明)是謂語動(dòng)詞，句子陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是“thegrowingpopularity”是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填demonstrates?！?題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：另外兩家中國脫口秀行業(yè)的領(lǐng)軍機(jī)構(gòu)分別于2014年和2017年成立。establish(建立)是謂語動(dòng)詞，與主語“Anothertwostandupcomedyindustryleaders”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語“in2014and2017respectively”可知，講述過去的事情，用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，助動(dòng)詞用were。故填wereestablished?！?題詳析】考查賓語從句。句意：中共黨校教授王學(xué)斌解釋了脫口秀為什么在中國如此受歡迎?！癬___standupcomedyissopopularinChina”是賓語從句，根據(jù)語境，這里要表達(dá)解釋的內(nèi)容是“為什么”脫口秀受歡迎，用連接副詞why引導(dǎo)該從句并在從句中作原因狀語。故填why?！?題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：喜劇演員經(jīng)常以簡短直接的方式談?wù)摦?dāng)前的社會(huì)問題，這很符合人們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上喜歡的快節(jié)奏短視頻?！癬___fitswellwiththefastpaced,shortvideospeopleenjoyonline”是非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個(gè)句子，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)該從句。故填which?！?題詳析】考查介詞短語。句意：任何人，無論年齡和性別，都可以嘗試。根據(jù)語境，這里表示“無論”年齡和性別，用介詞短語regardlessof。故填regardlessof?！?題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：然而，在一場專注于一位喜劇演員的脫口秀專場中，表演持續(xù)約60分鐘。“(focus)ononecomedian”作后置定語，focus(專注)是非謂語動(dòng)詞，與其邏輯主語“acomedyspecial”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)。故填focusing?！?題詳析】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：這種較長的形式需要在劇本上做更多的工作，使內(nèi)容更豐富，所以觀眾總是覺得很值得花時(shí)間。根據(jù)“Thislongerformatrequiresmoreworkonthescript”可知，和普通表演相比，內(nèi)容會(huì)“更豐富”，用形容詞rich的比較級(jí)richer，作賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填richer。【9題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：脫口秀將表演者真實(shí)的個(gè)人奮斗轉(zhuǎn)化為普遍能引起共鳴的幽默，已經(jīng)從地下小俱樂部發(fā)展成為流行文化的主流部分。“withperformers’rawpersonalstruggles(transform)intouniversallyrelatablehumor”是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，transform(轉(zhuǎn)化)是賓語補(bǔ)足語，用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，與其邏輯主語“performers’rawpersonalstruggles”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞表被動(dòng)。故填transformed?！?0題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：競爭很激烈，新節(jié)目不斷涌現(xiàn)，老節(jié)目不斷創(chuàng)新以跟上潮流?！?stay)relevant”是“olderonesinnovating”的目的，用不定式作目的狀語。故填tostay。SectionB(10分)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.changesB.currentC.delaysD.enclosedE.identifiableF.includeG.matchingH.movementsI.occurredJ.overridingK.worksWeneedafourthwhitetrafficlighttoeasetrafficjamsEngineersproposeaddingawhitetrafficlighttoletself-drivingcarseasetrafficjams.Studiesshowthisfourthlightcouldhelpautonomousvehicles(AVs)managetrafficflowandreducetraveltime.Normally,thefour-lightsystemworkslike___11___three-lightsystems—redmeansstop,greenmeansgo.However,whenenoughself-drivingcarsapproachacrossroads,thewhitelightactivates,___12___thestandardsignals.ThistellshumandriversthatAVsarenowdirectingvehicle___13___viawirelesscommunication.Humandriversmustsimplyfollowthecarahead—___14___itsstopsormovements.Aresearcher,Dr.Ali,said,“Our‘whitephase’concepttapsintothecomputingpowerofAVsthemselves.EntitlingsomeofthetrafficflowcontroltoAVs___15___inanyAVcase.Butwemust___16___thewhitelightconceptatcrossroadstoclarifythesituationforhumans.”Thecolourofthe‘whitelight’doesn’tmatter.What’simportantisthatthereshouldbeasignalthatisclearly___17___bydrivers.Testsshowedthatsmallimprovementsintrafficflow___18___whenaslittleas10percentofthevehiclesatacrossroadswereautonomous.DrAlisaid,“Forexample,when10percentofvehiclesareautonomous,yousee___19___reducedby3percent.When30percentareautonomous,theyarereducedby10.7percent.”WhileAVsaren’treadyforimmediateuse,researcherssayitwouldrequireonlyminor___20___tocrossroadsandAVsoftwareupdates.Criticswarnthatrelyingonhumanstofollowthe“l(fā)eader”ruleposesrisks,buttheteambelievesthisbalancesinnovationwithclearcommunicationduringthetransitiontoAVs.【答案】11.B12.J13.H14.G15.K16.F17.E18.I19.C20.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。工程師提議增設(shè)白交通燈助自動(dòng)駕駛車疏堵，介紹其運(yùn)作及效果，雖有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)但只需小改動(dòng)即可實(shí)現(xiàn)?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：通常情況下，四燈系統(tǒng)的工作方式與當(dāng)前的三燈系統(tǒng)類似——紅燈停，綠燈行。分析句子可知，這里需要一個(gè)形容詞來修飾“three-lightsystems”，current，表示“當(dāng)前的”，符合語境，故選B。【12題詳析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：然而，當(dāng)足夠多的自動(dòng)駕駛汽車接近十字路口時(shí)，白燈亮起，優(yōu)先于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)信號(hào)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里可用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，overriding，表示“優(yōu)先于；凌駕于”，符合“白燈亮起時(shí)會(huì)優(yōu)先于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)信號(hào)”的意思。故選J。【13題詳析】考查名詞。句意：這告訴人類司機(jī)，自動(dòng)駕駛汽車現(xiàn)在正通過無線通信指揮車輛的移動(dòng)。分析句子可知，vehicle后需要一個(gè)名詞，movements，表示“移動(dòng)；運(yùn)動(dòng)”，符合“指揮車輛移動(dòng)”的語境，故選H?！?4題詳析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：人類司機(jī)只需跟隨前面的車——匹配它的停車或移動(dòng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里可用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，matching，表示“匹配；與……相符”，符合“人類司機(jī)的操作要與前面車的動(dòng)作相匹配”的意思。故選G?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在任何自動(dòng)駕駛情況下，將部分交通流量控制權(quán)交給自動(dòng)駕駛汽車都是有效的。分析句子可知，這里需要一個(gè)動(dòng)詞作謂語，works，表示“起作用；有效”，符合語境。故選K?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：但我們必須在十字路口包含白燈概念，以便為人類澄清情況。分析句子可知，must后接動(dòng)詞原形，include，表示“包含；包括”，符合“要把白燈概念包含在十字路口的交通規(guī)則中”的意思。故選F?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：重要的是應(yīng)該有一個(gè)能被司機(jī)清楚識(shí)別的信號(hào)。分析句子可知，is后可接形容詞作表語，identifiable，表示“可識(shí)別的；可辨認(rèn)的”，符合“信號(hào)要能被司機(jī)清楚識(shí)別”的語境。故選E。【18題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：測試表明，當(dāng)十字路口只有10%的車輛是自動(dòng)駕駛時(shí)，交通流量就會(huì)出現(xiàn)小幅改善。分析句子可知，這里需要一個(gè)動(dòng)詞作謂語，occurred，表示“發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)”，符合“交通流量出現(xiàn)改善”的語境。故選I?！?9題詳析】考查名詞。句意：例如，當(dāng)10%的車輛是自動(dòng)駕駛時(shí)，你會(huì)看到延誤減少了3%。分析句子可知，see后接名詞作賓語，delays，表示“延誤；延遲”，符合“交通延誤減少”的語境。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查名詞。句意：研究人員表示，這只需要對(duì)十字路口進(jìn)行微小的改變和自動(dòng)駕駛軟件更新。分析句子可知，minor后應(yīng)接名詞，changes，表示“改變；變化”，符合“對(duì)十字路口進(jìn)行小的改變”的語境。故選A。II.ReadingComprehension(45分)SectionA(15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Tenyearsago,KavitaFavellewasenjoyingabeertastingeventwhensheandotherbeerenthusiastswereeachgivensmallpiecesofpapertoputintheirmouths.Thebite-sizedpapercontaineda(n)___21___ofabitterchemical.Byneedingtospititout,the52-year-old___22___herselftobeoneofthe25percentofthepopulationknownassuper-tasters.“Yourtastetypeisdeterminedbyhowstronglyyou___23___thisbittertaste,”saysAndrewCostanzo,expertinfoodandnutrition.“Super-tastersfindit___24___,normaltastersdon’tminditandthe25percentofnon-tasterscan’ttasteitatall.”Whichofthesethreegroupsyoufallintocanplayaroleinwhatyouchoosetoeatwith___25___effectstohealth.Super-tasters,likeFavelle,tendtoavoidfoodsthattheyconsidertastebitter.Onthepositiveside,thismeanstheyarelesslikelytosmokeordrinkalcohol.Onthenegativeside,theytendto___26___certainvegetableswhicharehighinbittercompounds–butalsocontaincancer-fightingcompounds.___27___thiswasthoughttobewhysuper-tastershaveahigherriskofsomecancersthannon-tasters,“butitturnsoutthattheissueismorethanthat,”saysDrCostanzo.“Theyhavegenerallyless___28___dietspossiblybecausetheyaremorecarefulabouttryingnewthings.”Andthiscouldconsequentlylowertheirgenerallevelofnutritionandexposureto___29___compounds.Super-tastersalsotendtoaddmoresalttotheirfood,assalt____30____bitterness,whichmightleadtonegativehealtheffectslikeraisingbloodpressure.Mediumornormaltasterstendtohaveabroaderabilitytotastebecausetheyareneither____31____tobitter-tastingfoods,nordotheyneedtosoaktheirfoodinsaucestomakeittasty.Whilesuper-tastersavoidcertainfoods,non-tastershavetheoppositeissue.Theytendtobehigherinweightthansuper-tasters,possiblybecausetheyneedhigherquantitiesofhighfat,highsugarfoodstosatisfytheir____32____needs.Besides,thefactthattheirtasteisn’tsosensitivemightalsohavea(n)____33____influenceonimmunity(免疫力).It’sdiscoveredthatnon-tastersweremorelikelythansuper-tasterstotestpositivetoCOVID.____34____,theyhadworsesymptoms(癥狀)whentheydid.Primarily,whatdetermineswhetheryouareasuper-tasteroranon-tasterisgenetics.Whilewecan’tchangeourgenes,wecan____35____ourtaste-budsinwaysthatmakeusfeelmorecomfortableeatingmoreofthethingsweshouldandlessofthoseweshouldn’t.Nomatterwhattypeyouare,understandingyourtastepreferencescanhelpyoualotwithyourhealth.21.A.sample B.component C.stock D.product22.A.introduced B.revealed C.adjusted D.allowed23.A.digest B.neglect C.perceive D.transform24.A.fantastic B.appealing C.nasty D.plain25.A.chain B.side C.mirror D.exposure26.A.comeupwith B.getdownto C.runawayfrom D.givewayto27.A.Originally B.Essentially C.Inevitably D.Increasingly28.A.healthy B.damaging C.controversial D.diverse29.A.additional B.organic C.chemical D.protective30.A.replaces B.hides C.strengthens D.removes31.A.accustomed B.reluctant C.familiar D.opposed32.A.emotional B.psychological C.survival D.flavour33.A.noticeable B.unpleasant C.insignificant D.temporary34.A.However B.Therefore C.Moreover D.Instead35.A.trick B.convert C.reverse D.perfect【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.C25.A26.C27.A28.D29.D30.B31.D32.D33.B34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了不同味覺類型對(duì)食物選擇的影響，以及這些選擇如何進(jìn)一步影響個(gè)人的健康狀況。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這塊一口大小的紙里含有一種苦味化學(xué)物質(zhì)的樣本。A.sample樣品；B.component成分；C.stock庫存、股票；D.product產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)下文“Byneedingtospititout,the52-year-old_____herselftobeoneofthe25percentofthepopulationknownassuper-tasters.”可推測，這里說的是給每個(gè)人一小片紙，里面含有一種苦味化學(xué)物質(zhì)的樣本，讓他們品嘗。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通過把紙放入口中品嘗并吐出這個(gè)行為，這位52歲的女士表明了自己是占人口25%的被稱為“超級(jí)味覺者”的一員。A.introduced介紹；B.revealed表明、透露；C.adjusted調(diào)整、適應(yīng)；D.allowed允許。根據(jù)空后“herselftobeoneofthe25percentofthepopulationknownassuper-tasters”可知，通過這個(gè)行為，她表明了自己是一個(gè)超級(jí)味覺者。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：食品與營養(yǎng)專家AndrewCostanzo說：“你的味覺類型是由你對(duì)這種苦味的感知程度決定的。超級(jí)味覺者覺得這種苦味令人討厭，普通味覺者對(duì)此并不介意，而25%的非味覺者則完全嘗不出這種苦味?！盇.digest消化、理解；B.neglect忽視；C.perceive感知、理解；D.transform轉(zhuǎn)變、改造。根據(jù)下文“Super-tastersfindit_____,normaltastersdon’tminditandthe25percentofnon-tasterscan’ttasteitatall”可知，味覺類型是由你對(duì)這種苦味的感知程度決定的。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：食品與營養(yǎng)專家AndrewCostanzo說：“你的味覺類型是由你對(duì)這種苦味的感知程度決定的。超級(jí)味覺者覺得這種苦味令人討厭，普通味覺者對(duì)此并不介意，而25%的非味覺者則完全嘗不出這種苦味。”A.fantastic極好的；B.appealing有吸引力的；C.nasty令人厭惡的；D.plain普通的、簡單的。根據(jù)上文“Byneedingtospititout”以及下文“normaltastersdon’tminditandthe25percentofnon-tasterscan’ttasteitatall”可推測，超級(jí)味覺者覺得這種苦味令人討厭，會(huì)吐掉。故選C。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你屬于這三類人群中的哪一類，會(huì)影響你對(duì)食物的選擇，進(jìn)而對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生連鎖反應(yīng)。A.chain鏈條；B.side邊、側(cè)面；C.mirror鏡子；D.exposure暴露。根據(jù)下文“Onthenegativeside,theytendto_____certainvegetableswhicharehighinbittercompounds–butalsocontaincancer-fightingcompounds._____thiswasthoughttobewhysuper-tastershaveahigherriskofsomecancersthannon-tasters,“butitturnsoutthattheissueismorethanthat,”saysDrCostanzo.”可知，味覺類型會(huì)影響你選擇吃什么，進(jìn)而對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生連鎖反應(yīng)。考查短語：chaineffect，意為“連鎖反應(yīng)”，符合句意。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：從消極的方面來看，他們往往會(huì)遠(yuǎn)離某些含有高苦味化合物的蔬菜——但這些蔬菜也含有抗癌化合物。A.comeupwith提出、想出；B.getdownto開始做；C.runawayfrom逃離、遠(yuǎn)離；D.givewayto讓步于。根據(jù)上文“Super-tasters,likeFavelle,tendtoavoidfoodsthattheyconsidertastebitter.”可知，超級(jí)味覺者傾向于避免吃他們認(rèn)為苦的食物，所以他們會(huì)遠(yuǎn)離某些含有高苦味化合物的蔬菜。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最初，人們認(rèn)為這就是為什么超級(jí)味覺者比非超級(jí)味覺者患某些癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高，“但事實(shí)證明，問題不止如此，”Costanzo說，“他們的飲食通常不太多樣化，可能是因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)趪L試新事物時(shí)更加謹(jǐn)慎?！盇.Originally起初；B.Essentially本質(zhì)上、基本上；C.Inevitably不可避免地；D.Increasingly越來越多地、日益地。根據(jù)下文““butitturnsoutthattheissueismorethanthat,”saysDrCostanzo.”可推測，人們起初以為超級(jí)味覺者不吃苦的食物，所以患癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高。但是，事實(shí)并非如此。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最初，人們認(rèn)為這就是為什么超級(jí)味覺者比非超級(jí)味覺者患某些癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高，“但事實(shí)證明，問題不止如此，”Costanzo說，“他們的飲食通常不太多樣化，可能是因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)趪L試新事物時(shí)更加謹(jǐn)慎。”A.healthy健康的；B.damaging有害的；C.controversial有爭議的；D.diverse多樣化的、不同的。根據(jù)上文“Super-tasters,likeFavelle,tendtoavoidfoodsthattheyconsidertastebitter.”以及下文“becausetheyaremorecarefulabouttryingnewthings”可知，超級(jí)味覺者的飲食通常不太多樣化。故選D。【29題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這可能會(huì)因此降低他們的總體營養(yǎng)水平，減少他們接觸保護(hù)性化合物的機(jī)會(huì)。A.additional額外的、附加的；B.organic有機(jī)的、生物的；C.chemical化學(xué)的；D.protective保護(hù)性的。根據(jù)上文“Onthenegativeside,theytendto_____certainvegetableswhicharehighinbittercompounds–butalsocontaincancer-fightingcompounds.”可知，超級(jí)味覺者遠(yuǎn)離的含有高苦味化合物的蔬菜含有抗癌化合物，而這減少了他們接觸保護(hù)性化合物的機(jī)會(huì)。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：超級(jí)味覺者還傾向于在食物中添加更多的鹽，因?yàn)辂}能掩蓋苦味，而這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些負(fù)面的健康影響，比如血壓升高。A.replaces替代、取代；B.hides隱藏；C.strengthens加強(qiáng)；D.removes移除。根據(jù)上文“Super-tastersalsotendtoaddmoresalttotheirfood”以及常理可知，超級(jí)味覺者傾向于在食物中加更多鹽，因?yàn)辂}能掩蓋苦味。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：中等味覺者或普通味覺者往往具有更廣泛的味覺能力，因?yàn)樗麄兗炔慌懦饪辔妒澄?，也不需要把食物浸泡在醬汁里來讓它變得美味。A.beaccustomedto習(xí)慣于……；B.bereluctantto不情愿做某事；C.befamiliarto對(duì)……而言是熟悉的；D.beopposedto反對(duì)……、排斥……。根據(jù)上文“Mediumornormaltasterstendtohaveabroaderabilitytotaste”可知，中等味覺者或普通味覺者往往具有更廣泛的味覺能力。由此可推測，他們并不排斥苦味食物。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞和名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的體重往往比超級(jí)味覺者要高，這可能是因?yàn)樗麄冃枰喔咧?、高糖的食物來滿足他們的味覺需求。A.emotional情感的；B.psychological心理的；C.survival生存；D.flavour味道。根據(jù)上文“Whilesuper-tastersavoidcertainfoods,non-tastershavetheoppositeissue.”以及常理可知，非味覺者的味覺不敏感，由此可推測，他們攝入高脂肪、高糖的食物是為了滿足他們的味覺需求。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，他們味覺不那么敏感這一事實(shí)，也可能對(duì)免疫力產(chǎn)生不良影響。A.noticeable明顯的、顯著的；B.unpleasant不愉快的、不好的；C.insignificant不重要的；D.temporary暫時(shí)的、臨時(shí)的。根據(jù)下文“It’sdiscoveredthatnon-tastersweremorelikelythansuper-tasterstotestpositivetoCOVID.”可知，他們味覺不那么敏感這個(gè)事實(shí)可能對(duì)免疫力有不好的影響。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：而且，當(dāng)他們感染時(shí)，癥狀也更嚴(yán)重。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Moreover此外；D.Instead反而。根據(jù)上文“It’sdiscoveredthatnon-tastersweremorelikelythansuper-tasterstotestpositivetoCOVID.”以及下文“theyhadworsesymptoms(癥狀)whentheydid.”可知，上文說非超級(jí)味覺者感染新冠病毒陽性的可能性更大，而空后則指出他們的癥狀更嚴(yán)重?！癿oreover”表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，符合語境。故選C。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我們無法改變自己的基因，但我們可以用一些方法“欺騙”我們的味蕾，讓我們能更自在地多吃一些我們應(yīng)該吃的東西，少吃一些不應(yīng)該吃的東西。A.trick欺騙；B.convert轉(zhuǎn)換；C.reverse顛倒、反轉(zhuǎn)；D.perfect使完美。根據(jù)上文“Whilewecan’tchangeourgenes”可知，我們無法改變自己的基因；再根據(jù)下文“thatmakeusfeelmorecomfortableeatingmoreofthethingsweshouldandlessofthoseweshouldn’t.”可知，我們可以用一些方法欺騙我們的味蕾，讓我們更舒服地吃更多應(yīng)該吃的東西，少吃不應(yīng)該吃的東西。故選A。SectionB(22分)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Whenyou’redrivingaroundthesameblock,keepingsearching,becausethere’snowheretoparkyourcar,anysuggestionthatAmericadevotestoomuchspacetoparkingmightseemfoolish.Butconsiderthis:inatypicalyear,thecountrybuildsmorethree-cargaragesthanone-bedroomapartments.Eventhecrowdedcitiesreservelotsofstreetspacetostoreprivatevehicles.Andlocallawsacrossthecountryrequirehouseandapartmentbuilderstoprovideoff-streetparking,whetherresidentsneedit.Stepbacktoassesstheresult:it’sobviousthatmoresquarefootageisdevotedtoparkingeachcarthantohousingeachperson.ThatAmericanslikedrivingishardlynews,butalltheabovetalkingisn’tfindingfaultwithcars.Thecomplaintisaboutparking—or,moretothepoint,abouteverythingwehavegivenupforit.Overtheyears,citiesandtownshavetorndowngrandoldstructurestomakewayforit.Allthose9-foot-by-18-footrectanglesofasphalt(柏油路)haven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseonce-valuedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.Thismisplacedpriorityhasputthecountryinabind.Fordecades,evenasrentsrocketedandclimatechangeworsened,theprevalence(盛行)ofparkingspacesdiscouragedanyonefromnoticingtheirsocialimpact.Buttheparkingspacehasbeeneatingupourlivingspaceforsure,withorwithoutourknowledge.Hereanoptimistmaygivetheexcusethatsomeofthecountry’slargestcitieshavenochoicebuttorenegotiatetherelationshipamongpeople,cars,andparkingspaces.However,parkingspace’sconqueringthecityinthe20thcenturywasalreadysocompletethat,inthe21st,peopleneedtorecognizethattheruleshavetochange,andthattheconstantpromotionofparkingspacesisalreadyweakeningcitiesandcrowdingoutotherneeds.Someofthemostconsequentialsocialproblemsaretheoneshidinginplainsight,butparkingisn’tevenhiding.It’sjusteverywhere—forustotakeseriously.36.Inwhichsectioncanwemostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Travel. B.Features.C.Frontpage. D.Publicwelfare.37.Theunderlinedphraseinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto_______.A.leadthecountrytotroubleB.discourageresidentsfrombuyingcarsC.annoythelocalresidentsD.weakenthecountry’soverallstrength38.Whatcanweimplyaboutparkingspace’sroleinthe20thcenturycities?A.Itfailedtomeetthegrowingparkingdemands.B.Itcompletelydominatedurbanplanningpriorities.C.Itwasanecessaryrenegotiationbythecitygovernment.D.Itunexpectedlybroughtaboutproblemstopeople’sdailylife.39.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.Americashouldcontinueexpandingparkingthoughitisharmful.B.Citiesinthe21stcenturyshouldabsolutelystopbuildingmoregarages.C.Excessiveparkingspaceisdamagingthesocietysoitshouldbelimited.D.Housingandotherproblemsarenotasurgentasinsufficientparkingspace.【答案】36.D37.A38.B39.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章指出美國為停車分配了過多空間，這不僅破壞環(huán)境和建筑風(fēng)格，還影響住房可負(fù)擔(dān)性，呼吁改變規(guī)則，限制停車位?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段中“Thecomplaintisaboutparking—or,moretothepoint,abouteverythingwehavegivenupforit.Allthose9footby18footrectanglesofasphalthaven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseoncevaluedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.(人們所抱怨的是停車問題——更確切地說，是我們?yōu)橥＼囁艞壍囊磺小Ｋ心切?英尺乘18英尺的柏油路面停車位，不僅破壞了環(huán)境和那些曾經(jīng)備受珍視的建筑風(fēng)格，還擾亂了住房可負(fù)擔(dān)性這一至關(guān)重要的社會(huì)目標(biāo))”可推知，文章討論了美國停車空間過多帶來的一系列社會(huì)問題，如破壞環(huán)境、影響住房等，這與公共福利相關(guān)，所以文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在公共福利板塊。故選D項(xiàng)。【37題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Allthose9footby18footrectanglesofasphalthaven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseoncevaluedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.Thismisplacedpriorityhasputthecountryinabind.(所有那些9英尺乘18英尺的柏油路面停車位，不僅破壞了環(huán)境和那些曾經(jīng)備受珍視的建筑風(fēng)格，還擾亂了住房可負(fù)擔(dān)性這一至關(guān)重要的社會(huì)目標(biāo)。這種錯(cuò)誤的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)putthecountryinabind)”的“damaged”、“upset”和“misplacedpriority”可推知，過多的停車位帶來了諸多問題，使國家陷入麻煩。所以“putthecountryinabind”意思是“讓國家陷入麻煩”，與“l(fā)eadthecountrytotrouble”同義。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“However,parkingspace’sconqueringthecityinthe20thcenturywasalreadysocompletethat,inthe21st,peopleneedtorecognizethattheruleshavetochange,andthattheconstantpromotionofparkingspacesisalreadyweakeningcitiesandcrowdingoutotherneeds.(然而，停車位在20世紀(jì)對(duì)城市的“占領(lǐng)”已然如此徹底，以至于到了21世紀(jì)，人們需要認(rèn)識(shí)到相關(guān)規(guī)則必須改變，而且持續(xù)增加停車位的做法已經(jīng)在削弱城市的發(fā)展，還排擠了其他方面的需求)”可推知，在20世紀(jì)，停車位完全主導(dǎo)了城市規(guī)劃的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thecomplaintisaboutparking—or,moretothepoint,abouteverythingwehavegivenupforit.Allthose9footby18footrectanglesofasphalthaven’tonlydamagedtheenvironmentortheseoncevaluedarchitecturalstyles,butalsoupsetthecrucialsocialgoalofhousingaffordability.(人們所抱怨的是停車問題——更確切地說，是我們?yōu)橥＼囁艞壍囊磺?。所有那?英尺乘18英尺的柏油路面停車位，不僅破壞了環(huán)境和那些曾經(jīng)備受珍視的建筑風(fēng)格，還擾亂了住房可負(fù)擔(dān)性這一至關(guān)重要的社會(huì)目標(biāo))”和最后一段“However,parkingspace’sconqueringthecityinthe20thcenturywasalreadysocompletethat,inthe21st,peopleneedtorecognizethattheruleshavetochange,andthattheconstantpromotionofparkingspacesisalreadyweakeningcitiesandcrowdingoutotherneeds.Someofthemostconsequentialsocialproblemsaretheoneshidinginplainsight,butparkingisn’tevenhiding.It’sjusteverywhere—forustotakeseriously.(然而，停車位在20世紀(jì)對(duì)城市的“占領(lǐng)”已然如此徹底，以至于到了21世紀(jì)，人們需要認(rèn)識(shí)到相關(guān)規(guī)則必須改變，而且持續(xù)增加停車位的做法已經(jīng)在削弱城市的發(fā)展，還排擠了其他方面的需求。一些最重要的社會(huì)問題隱藏在人們的視線中，但停車甚至沒有隱藏。它無處不在，值得我們認(rèn)真對(duì)待)”可推知，過多的停車位正在損害社會(huì)，應(yīng)該加以限制。故選C項(xiàng)。(B)SteppingStonesisanonprofitofferingavarietyofwaystosupportlife-changingservicesforchildren,teenagersandadultswithdisabilities.Since1963,SteppingStoneshashelpedpeoplewithdisabilitiesinOhiofindpathstoindependencethatimprovetheirlivesandenablethemtomorefullyparticipateintheircommunities.Today,SteppingStonesoffersavarietyofyear-roundprogramsandservesmorethan1,100childrenandadultswithdisabilitiesatfourprogramlocations.

WanttoSupportSteppingStones?BrowseopportunitiestosupportSteppingStones’programsbelow.AnnualFundTheAnnualGivingFundisestablishedtohelpSteppingStonesmeettheincreasingandchangingneedsoftheextraordinarypeopleweserve.SteppingStonesdependsonfundraisinggrantsandgiftstotheAnnualGivingFundtobalancethebudget.TheAnnualGivingFunddonationsareusedforavarietyofimportantprogramslikeCampershipstoSummerCamp,AdultDayServicesetc.EndowmentsTheEndowmentFundisestablishedforrestrictedgiftsforthelong-termsupportoftheobjectivesandmissionofSteppingStones.TheFundisaseparatefundofcash,securitiesandotherassets(資產(chǎn))thatareheldasrestrictedfundswithinthegeneralassetsofSteppingStones.Endowmentgiftsareoftenintheformofcashorsecuritiesbutalsomayincludegiftsofrealestate,appreciatedpropertyandplannedgivingoptions.Endowmentgiftscanbepaidoveraperiodofyearsandmaybedesignated(指定)forspecificnamedfundsandscholarships.Gifts-in-KindDoyouhaveaproduct,serviceorotheritemthatcouldbenefitSteppingStones?YoumaydonateitasaGift-in-Kind.Non-cashgiftscanincludedesignorprintingservices,advertisingspace,food,beverages,books,eventauctionitems,officeequipmentorotheritems.MatchingGiftsAgreatwaytoincreaseyourdonationtoSteppingStonesisthroughyouremployer.Manycompaniesofferamatchinggiftprogramtotheiremployees,directors,employees’husbandsorwivesasanaddedbenefit.Withtheseprograms,acompanywillmatchanemployee’sgifttocharitableandeducationalorganizations.ContactyourHumanResourcesofficetoseeifyourcompanyhasamatchinggiftsprogramthatcanbeusedtomatchyourcontributiontoSteppingStones.40.Whatcanwelearnabout“endowmentgifts”toSteppingStones?A.Theyareusedimmediately.B.Theyshouldbeintheformofcash.C.Theycanbereservedforaparticularpurpose.D.Theyaremainlyusedfordailyoperationalexpenses.41.XiaoLiwantstodonatehisbonustoSteppingStones.Whichprogramwillmaximizehisdonation?A.Annualfund. B.MatchingGifts.C.Endowments. D.Gifts-in-kind.42.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.TointroducethehistoryofSteppingStones.B.ToshowtheimportanceofSteppingStones.C.TopresentvariouswaystosupportSteppingStones.D.TodescribetheprogramsofferedbySteppingStones.【答案】40.C41.B42.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了非營利組織SteppingStones的使命、服務(wù)內(nèi)容以及支持該組織的方式，包括年度基金、捐贈(zèng)基金、實(shí)物捐贈(zèng)和配對(duì)捐贈(zèng)等?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章表格Endowments部分中的“TheEndowmentFundisestablishedforrestrictedgiftsforthelong-termsupportoftheobjectivesandmissionofSteppingStones.(捐贈(zèng)基金是為了接受限定用途的捐贈(zèng)而設(shè)立的，用于對(duì)“墊腳石”的目標(biāo)和使命進(jìn)行長期支持)”以及“Endowmentgiftscanbepaidoveraperiodofyearsandmaybedesignated(指定)forspecificnamedfundsandscholarships.(捐贈(zèng)基金的款項(xiàng)可以在數(shù)年時(shí)間內(nèi)分期支付，并且可以指定用于特定的命名基金和獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金項(xiàng)目)”可知，捐贈(zèng)基金可以指定用于特定的命名基金和獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，即可以為特定目的預(yù)留。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章表格MatchingGifts部分中的“AgreatwaytoincreaseyourdonationtoSteppingStonesisthroughyouremployer.Manycompaniesofferamatchinggiftprogramtotheiremployees,directors,employees’husbandsorwivesasanaddedbenefit.Withtheseprograms,acompanywillmatchanemployee’sgifttocharitableandeducationalorganizations.(增加你對(duì)“墊腳石”捐贈(zèng)金額的一個(gè)好辦法是通過你的雇主來實(shí)現(xiàn)。許多公司為其員工、董事、員工的配偶提供配對(duì)捐贈(zèng)項(xiàng)目，作為一項(xiàng)額外福利。通過這些項(xiàng)目，公司會(huì)對(duì)員工向慈善和教育機(jī)構(gòu)的捐贈(zèng)進(jìn)行等額匹配)”可知，通過雇主的配對(duì)捐贈(zèng)項(xiàng)目，公司會(huì)對(duì)員工向慈善和教育機(jī)構(gòu)的捐贈(zèng)進(jìn)行等額匹配，所以小李通過這個(gè)項(xiàng)目捐贈(zèng)獎(jiǎng)金，公司會(huì)匹配相同金額，能使他的捐贈(zèng)最大化。故選B?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。文章開篇“SteppingStonesisanonprofitofferingavarietyofwaystosupportlife-changingservicesforchildren,teenagersandadultswithdisabilities.(“墊腳石”是一家非營利組織，它提供多種方式來支持為殘障兒童、青少年和成年人提供的改變?nèi)松姆?wù)項(xiàng)目)”介紹了“SteppingStones”是一個(gè)非營利組織，接著簡述了其自1963年以來的發(fā)展情況和服務(wù)內(nèi)容。然后以“WanttoSupportSteppingStones?”引出下文，詳細(xì)介紹了支持“SteppingStones”的多種方式，包括年度基金、捐贈(zèng)基金、實(shí)物捐贈(zèng)和配對(duì)捐贈(zèng)。也就是說，文章的主體部分就是在介紹不同的支持方式。故選C。(C)Intoday’sdigitalage,itischallengingtogoaboutdailylifewithouthearingthetermartificialintelligence(AI)mentioned.AIentersconversationsinalmosteveryindustry.ThisAIrevolution(革命)reliesonincreasingdatacentercapacity,thephysicallocationsequippedwiththecomputingserversneededtopowerthistechnology.Withsuchexpensiveandtemperature-sensitivetechnologyunderoneroof,thesefacilitiesrequirebuildingproductswithreliableinsulatingpropertiesthatcaneffectivelyhousetheseinnovativesystemstokeepthemrunningsmoothly.Reliabilityiswhereinsulatedmetalpanels(IMPs)entertheconversation.IMPshaveproveneffectivebuildingmaterialsfordatacentersnationwide.Datacentersrequirealotofenergytofunction.Onaverage,aChatGPTquestionneeds10time