編程英文面試題及答案

編程英文面試題及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）

1.WhichofthefollowingisnotaprimitivedatatypeinJava?

A.int

B.String

C.boolean

D.float

答案：B

2.Whatisthepurposeofthe'this'keywordinaJavamethod?

A.Tocallanothermethodinthesameclass

B.Tocreateanewinstanceoftheclass

C.Toreferencethecurrentobject

D.Todeclareavariable

答案：C

3.InPython,whatisthecorrectsyntaxtocreateadictionary?

A.dict={key:value}

B.dict=(key:value)

C.dict=[key:value]

D.dict=key:value

答案：A

4.Whatdoestheacronym'OOP'standforinprogramming?

A.OpenObjectProgramming

B.Object-OrientedProgramming

C.OnlineObjectProgramming

D.OperatingObjectProgramming

答案：B

5.WhichofthefollowingisnotacontrolstructureinC++?

A.if

B.for

C.while

D.switch

答案：D

6.InJavaScript,whatistheeventthatistriggeredwhentheuserclicksonanHTMLelement?

A.onload

B.onsubmit

C.onclick

D.onkeypress

答案：C

7.WhatisthenameofthemethodusedtoreverseastringinRuby?

A.reverse

B.invert

C.flip

D.rotate

答案：A

8.WhatisthedefaultvalueofalocalvariableinCifitisnotexplicitlyinitialized?

A.0

B.null

C.-1

D.Itthrowsanerror

答案：B

9.InSQL,whichclauseisusedtospecifytheorderoftheresultset?

A.WHERE

B.GROUPBY

C.ORDERBY

D.HAVING

答案：C

10.Whatisthetermforafunctionthatcallsitselfinprogramming?

A.Recursivefunction

B.Iterativefunction

C.Loopfunction

D.Self-referentialfunction

答案：A

二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）

1.WhichofthefollowingarevalidwaystodeclareavariableinJavaScript?

A.varx=10;

B.lety=20;

C.constz=30;

D.inta=40;

答案：ABC

2.InJava,whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasaloopcontrolstatement?

A.for

B.while

C.do-while

D.foreach

答案：ABC

3.Whataresomeofthebuilt-infunctionsinPythonforstringmanipulation?

A.upper()

B.lower()

C.split()

D.join()

答案：ABCD

4.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredasbestpracticesincoding?

A.Commentingcode

B.Usingmeaningfulvariablenames

C.Writinglongfunctions

D.Keepingfunctionssmallandfocused

答案：ABD

5.InC++,whichofthefollowingarewaystoincludeaheaderfile?

A.include<iostream>

B.include"myheader.h"

C.import<iostream>

D.include"iostream"

答案：AB

6.Whataresomecommondatastructuresusedinprogramming?

A.Array

B.LinkedList

C.Stack

D.Queue

答案：ABCD

7.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredaserrorhandlingtechniquesinprogramming?

A.Try-catchblocks

B.Assertions

C.Returncodes

D.Logging

答案：ABCD

8.InSQL,whichofthefollowingareaggregatefunctions?

A.COUNT()

B.AVG()

C.SUM()

D.MAX()

答案：ABCD

9.Whataresomeofthedesignpatternsinsoftwaredevelopment?

A.Singleton

B.Factory

C.Observer

D.Prototype

答案：ABCD

10.WhichofthefollowingarevalidwaystodefineafunctioninJavaScript?

A.functionmyFunc(){}

B.constmyFunc=()=>{};

C.letmyFunc=function(){};

D.varmyFunc=function(){};

答案：ABCD

三、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）

1.InPython,the'and'operatorreturnsthefirstFalsevalueinasequence.(True/False)

答案：False

2.InJava,the'final'keywordcanbeusedtodeclareamethodthatcannotbeoverridden.(True/False)

答案：True

3.InC,the'string'datatypeisareferencetype,notavaluetype.(True/False)

答案：True

4.InJavaScript,the'==’operatorchecksforstrictequality,comparingbothvalueandtype.(True/False)

答案：False

5.InSQL,the'LIKE'operatorisusedtosearchforaspecifiedpatterninacolumn.(True/False)

答案：True

6.Inprogramming,a'bug'isanintentionalfeaturethatispartofthesoftwaredesign.(True/False)

答案：False

7.InC++,the'new'operatorisusedtoallocatememoryontheheap.(True/False)

答案：True

8.InRuby,the'each'methodisusedtoiterateoveranarrayorhash.(True/False)

答案：True

9.InJava,aconstructorcannothaveareturntype,notevenvoid.(True/False)

答案：True

10.Inprogramming,'scope'referstothecontextinwhichavariableisdefinedandaccessible.(True/False)

答案：True

四、簡答題（每題5分，共20分）

1.Whatisthedifferencebetween'==’and'==='operatorsinJavaScript?

答案：

'=='checksforequalityaftertypecoercion,while'==='checksforbothvalueandtypeequalitywithoutcoercion.

2.Explaintheconceptof'encapsulation'inobject-orientedprogramming.

答案：

Encapsulationisthemechanismofrestrictingdirectaccesstosomeofanobject'scomponents,whichisameansofpreventingaccidentalorunauthorizedinteractionswiththeinternalrepresentationoftheobject.

3.Whatisthepurposeofusing'try-catch'blocksinprogramming?

答案：

Try-catchblocksareusedtohandleexceptions,whichareruntimeerrorsthatoccurduringtheexecutionofaprogram.The'try'blockcontainscodethatmightthrowanexception,whilethe'catch'blockcontainscodetohandletheexception.

4.Whatisa'closure'inJavaScriptandhowisitcreated?

答案：

Aclosureisafunctionthathasaccesstoitsouter(enclosing)function'svariablesevenaftertheouterfunctionhasfinishedexecuting.Aclosureiscreatedwhenafunction'remembers'theenvironmentinwhichitwascreated.

五、討論題（每題5分，共20分）

1.Discusstheimportanceofcodereadabilityandhowitcanbeimproved.

答案：

Codereadabilityiscrucialformaintenanceandcollaboration.Itcanbeimprovedbyusingdescriptivevariablenames,consistentnamingconventions,properindentation,andmeaningfulcomments.

2.Explainthedifferencebetween'shallow'and'deep'copyinginprogramming.

答案：

Shallowcopyingcreatesanewobjectbutcopiesthereferencesofthe