新課標(biāo)2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題三閱讀理解考點(diǎn)二十史地人文類含解析

PAGE1-考點(diǎn)二十史地人文類A限時(shí)8分鐘TheNazcaLinesareaseriesoflargeancientgeoglyphs(地畫)intheNazcaDesert,insouthernPeru．Itisrangingfromgeometricpatternstodrawingsofdifferentanimalsandstylizedhumanlikeforms．Theancientlinescanonlybetrulytakeninfromhighintheair,leavinggenerationspuzzledastohowthesepreciseworkscouldhavebeencompletedlongbeforethedocumentedinventionofhumanflight．TheLineswerefirstspottedwhencommercialairlinesbeganflyingacrossthePeruviandesertinthe1920s．Whobuiltthemandwhatwastheirpurpose?Aretheyroads,starpointers,maybeevenagiganticmap?Ifthepeoplewholivedhere2,000yearsagohadonlyasimpletechnology,howdidtheymanagetoconstructsuchprecisefigures?Didtheyhaveaplan?Thesemarkingsarelikeavastpuzzle．TheNazcaLinesarethemostoutstandinggroupofgeoglyphsintheworld．TherearealsohugegeoglyphsinEgypt,Malta,theUnitedStates(MississippiandCalifornia),Chile,Holiviaandinothercountries．ButtheNazcageoglyphs,becauseoftheirnumbers,characteristics,dimensionsandculturalcontinuityastheyweremadeandremadethroughoutacertainhistoryperiod,formthemostimpressivearcheological(考古學(xué)的)group．TheNazcaplainisuniqueforitsabilitytopreservethemarkingsuponit,duetothecombinationoftheclimate(oneofthedriestonEarth,withonlytwentyminutesofrainfallperyear)andtheflat,stonygroundwhichminimizestheeffectofthewindatgroundlevel．Withnodustorsandtocovertheplainandlittlerainorwindtoerode(腐蝕)it,linesdrawnheretendtostaydrawn．Thesefactors,combinedwiththeexistenceoflightercoloredsubsoilbeneaththedesertsurface,provideavastwritingpadthatissuitedtotheartistwhowantstoleavehismarketernal．1．WhatcanweknowabouttheNazcaLinesfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Theyarebuiltasabigmap．B．Theyareformedbynature．C．Theyareancientlinesincaves．D．Theyarehugemarkingsinadesert．答案：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第一句“TheNazcaLinesareaseriesoflargeancientgeoglyphs(地畫)intheNazcaDesert,insouthernPeru．”及下文對(duì)TheNazcaLines圖案和發(fā)覺過程的詳細(xì)介紹可知，theNazcaLines是出現(xiàn)在秘魯南部Nazca沙漠的大型古代地畫，故選D。2．HowmanyfactorsmaketheNazcaLinesthemostimpressive?A．One．B．Two．C．Three．D．Four．答案：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句中的“becauseoftheirnumbers,characteristics,dimensionsandculturalcontinuity．．．,formthemostimpressive”可知，四個(gè)因素使得這些地畫給人留下極為深刻的印象，故選D。3．WhyaretheNazcaLineswellpreserved?A．Becauseofthewindatgroundlevel．B．Becauseoftheexistenceofsoftsoil．C．Becauseoftheclimateandgeography．D．Becauseofthethicksandonthetop．答案：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“TheNazcaplainisuniqueforitsabilitytopreservethemarkingsuponit,duetothecombinationoftheclimate(oneofthedriestonEarth,withonlytwentyminutesofrainfallperyear)andtheflat,stonygroundwhichminimizestheeffectofthewindatgroundlevel．”可知，因?yàn)檫@里干燥少雨的氣候和平坦多石的地形使地畫能很好地保留下來，故選C。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eternal”probablymean?A．Nonstop．B．Everlasting．C．Reallife．D．Highend．答案：B詞義揣測(cè)題。最終一句指這些因素，加上沙漠表面下淺色底土的存在，給想要永久留下印記的藝術(shù)家供應(yīng)了一個(gè)巨大的書寫板。eternal“永恒的”，和everlasting同義，故選B。B限時(shí)8分鐘FormostofusVeteransDayjustmeansachancetoenjoyanextradayofffromschoolorwork．HoweverthisNovember11th,besuretospendafewminutesonitstruepurpose,byacknowledging(感謝)themenandwomenwhohaveservedinourarmedforces．Andyoudon'thavetostopatjustthisoneday．Jointheover10,000youthmembersoftheYoungMarinesgroupthathonorthesebravemenandwomenallyearlongwithspecialeventsandcompletelyspoilthemforanentireweek,fromNovember4thto11th,byvisitinghospitalizedveterans,performingchoresfordisabledveteransandevenorganizingcommunitywidesocialevents．Theprogramopentokidsrangingfromtheageofeightallthewaytohighschool,isagreatwaytonotonlyshowyourappreciation,butalsogetachancetodosomefunactivitieswithlikemindedkidsandmakearealdifferenceinaveteran'slife．PeopleoftenbelievethatMemorialDayandVeteransDayarecelebratedforthesamereason．Thereishoweverasubtlebutimportantdifferencebetweenthetwo．Whilebothhonorourmilitarypersonnel,theformerisadaytorememberandpayrespecttoallthemenandwomenthatdiedservingourcountryinawar,whileVeteransDayistocelebratethesoldierswhoarestillaliveandservedintheforcesatanytime,duringpeaceorwar．Thoughseveralothercountriescelebratethisdayinhonoroftheirownveterans,themeaningisslightlydifferentfromeachone．SomeliketheUnitedKingdom,celebrateitinhonorofallsoldiers—livingordead,whileotherslikeCanadacelebrateittohonoralllivingveterans．Theyalsocallitdifferentnames．FranceandNewZealandstillcallitArmisticeDay．IntheUnitedKingdom,AustraliaandCanadaitisreferredtoasRemembranceDay,whileMaltaandSouthAfricacelebrateitasPoppyDay．Nomatterwhatitiscalled,thereasonforobservingthedayisthesame—toshowourappreciationtothebravemenandwomenwhosacrifice(犧牲)everythingtomakethisworldasaferplacefortherestofus．5．WhatcankidsdoattheYoungMarinesgroupprogram?A．Organizepartiesfordisabledveterans．B．Helptakecareofsickveterans．C．Sharestorieswithveteransandotherkids．D．Entertainveteransbysinginganddancing．答案：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句中的“byvisitinghospitalizedveterans,performingchoresfordisabledveteransandevenorganizingcommunitywidesocialevents”可知，孩子們也可以幫助照看生病的老兵。6．WhatcanwelearnaboutMemorialDay?A．ItisanothernameforVeteransDay．B．Itisaserviceinremembranceofwardead．C．ItisobservedonNovember11theveryyear．D．Ithonorssoldierswhoareservinginthemilitary．答案：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段尾句中的“theformerisadaytorememberandpayrespecttoallthemenandwomenthatdiedservingourcountryinawar”可知，這個(gè)節(jié)日是為了紀(jì)念在斗爭(zhēng)中為國(guó)家捐軀的人們。7．What'sthemainpurposeofVeteransDay?A．TocelebrateAmerica'ssuccessinworldwars．B．Toletpeoplehaveonemoredayoff．C．Toorganizefunactivitiesforschoolchildren．D．Toshowrespectforsoldiers'contributions．答案：D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段尾句中的“VeteransDayistocelebratethesoldierswhoarestillaliveandservedintheforcesatanytime,duringpeaceorwar”和最終一段內(nèi)容可知，盡管各個(gè)國(guó)家稱呼VeteransDay的方式有所不同，但主要目的都是為了表達(dá)對(duì)英勇的士兵們的敬意。8．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．TheoriginofVeteransDay．B．ThehistoryofVeteransDay．C．VeteransDayobservance．D．VeteransDayaroundtheworld．答案：D段落大意題。由第四段內(nèi)容可知，本段介紹了幾個(gè)國(guó)家向老兵們表達(dá)敬意的節(jié)日。C限時(shí)7分鐘BlackFridayistheFridayfollowingThanksgivingDayintheUnitedStates．Ithasbeenregardedasthebeginningoftheholidayshoppingseason．Althoughit'snotanofficialholiday,millionsofemployersgivetheiremployeesthedayoff,andmanypeopleusethatdaytogetajumpstartontheirholidayshopping．AsimilardayinCanadaandtheGreatBritainiscalled“BoxingDay”．BlackFridayhasbecomesomewhatofamarketingsensationinrecentyears．Since2005,ithasbeenthebusiestshoppingdayoftheyear．Tolureshoppers,retailers(零售商)routinelyopentheirdoorsasearlyas4amandofferspecialsalesandpromotionstotheshoppersthatarriveearly．Someofthespecialdealsofferedbystoresareonlyavailableinlimitedquantities．Thatiswhysomeshoppersintentongettingthebestdealsoftencampoutinfrontofstoresovernightsothatthey'llbethefirstinlinewhenthedoorsopen．ButwhyBlackFriday?HistoriansbelievethenamestartedinPhiladelphiainthemid1960s．Busdriversandpoliceused“BlackFriday”todescribetheheavytrafficthatwouldblockcitystreetsthedayafterThanksgivingasshoppersheadedtothestores．Businesses,however,didn'tlikethenegativetoneassociatedwiththe“BlackFriday”name．Intheearly1980s,amorepositiveexplanationofthenamebegantocirculate．Accordingtothisalternativeexplanation,BlackFridayisthedaywhenretailersfinallybegintoturnaprofitfortheyear．Inaccountingterms(會(huì)計(jì)說法),operatingatalossiscalledbeing“inthered”becauseaccountantstraditionallyusedredinktoshownegativeamounts．Positiveamountswereusuallyshowninblackink．Thus，being“intheblack”isagoodthingbecauseitmeansstoresareoperatingataprofit．Recently,forthosewhoaretoobusytoshoponBlackFridayorwhojustdon'twanttofightthecrowds,theMondayfollowingBlackFridayhasbecomeknownasCyberMonday(網(wǎng)絡(luò)星期一)forthemanyonlinedeals．9．OnBlackFriday,theAmericans________．A．don'thavetogotoworkasusualB．lookexactlyliketheCanadiansC．a(chǎn)reusuallybusydoingshoppingD．stayathomeandrelaxthemselves答案：C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段第三句可知，雖然“黑色星期五”不是官方節(jié)日，但很多老板會(huì)給員工放假，人們通常在這一天忙著購(gòu)物。10．Theunderlinedword“l(fā)ure”(inParagraph2)probablymeans“________”．A．protectB．a(chǎn)ttractC．persuadeD．remind答案：B詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線詞所在句子“retailers(零售商)routinelyopentheirdoorsasearlyas4amandofferspecialsalesandpromotionstotheshoppersthatarriveearly(零售商早上4點(diǎn)就開門，給早到的顧客一些特價(jià)打折和促銷)”，故可推知，lure是“吸引”的意思。11．HowdotheretailersunderstandBlackFriday?A．ItistotallydifferentfromBoxingDay．B．Theyusuallylosesomemoneyonthatday．C．Itneverkeepsthemverybusy．D．Itprobablybringsthemmoremoney．答案：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段第三句可知，零售商認(rèn)為“黑色星期五”可以帶給他們更多的利潤(rùn)。12．Theauthorwritesthispassageinorderto________．A．statethedevelopmentofCyberMondayB．tellthedifferencebetweenredandblackC．introduceBlackFridaytothereadersD．explainthemeaningofBoxingDay答案：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章對(duì)這個(gè)特別“節(jié)日”的介紹和關(guān)鍵信息第一段第一句“BlackFridayistheFridayfollowingThanksgivingDayintheUnitedStates．”可知，文章主要向讀者介紹“黑色星期五”的相關(guān)信息。D限時(shí)7分鐘ChristmasintheUnitedStatesistraditionallyatimeofgift－givingandfamilygatherings．Butsmalltownsacrossthecountryhavetheirowntraditions．Middleburg,asmalltowninthestateofVirginia,isknownforitshorses．Formorethan50years,MiddleburghasorganizedayearlyChristmasparade(游行)．Menandwomenridehorsesthroughthewoodsandfields．Theyfollowhuntingdogsastheysearchforawildfox．Butfirst,thesehuntersrideintheyearlyparade,wearingtheirbrightredhuntingclothesandhats．JohnHale,acitizenofMiddleburgsaysmanycitypeoplevisithistown．“Wehavealotofpeoplefromanurbanareathatcometovisit,butitincorporatesalotoftheoldtraditions．”Thenighttimehayrideisonesuchtradition．Smallgroupsgatherunderthemoonlightonanopenwagonfilledwithhay．Thepassengerssingasfarmhorsespullthewagonslowlyacrossthefields．Therearesomenewertraditions,too．TreyMatheuworksatthenearbySalamanderResort．HesaysavisittoMiddleburgisachancetoslowdownforaday．HesaysMiddleburgcanbeacalming,peacefulplacewithouttension．“Middleburgisanopportunitytotakeastepback,totakeadeepbreath,andunderstandthateventhoughlifeismovingonataveryfastpace,there'sreallyanopportunitywhereyou'reallowedtostepoffforalittlebit．”Paradeorganizerssaymorethan13,000peopleattendeveninbelowfreezingweather．Butifyouask,youwillhearmanydifferentreasonswhypeoplecometowatchtheparade：“IcomeherebecauseI'mfromasmalltown．Ilikehoweverybodycomestogether．”“Iliverightdownthatstreet,rightthere．Andthat'smydog．”MiddleburglooksitsbestatChristmastime．Thatmaybewhysomanypeoplereturneachyear．13．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Middleburg'sChristmasParadeB．ASmallC．ChristmasTraditionsinMiddleburgD．NewerTraditionsatChristmastime答案：C標(biāo)題推斷題。本文主要介紹了弗吉尼亞州的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)Middleburg的圣誕節(jié)傳統(tǒng)，C項(xiàng)最具概括性。14．AtChristmas,peopleinMiddleburgusually________．A．visitfriendsandfamiliesB．feedfarmhorseswithhayC．huntfordogsinthewoodsD．rideintheyearlyparade答案：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句可知，在圣誕節(jié)，Middleburg的人們會(huì)著盛裝在一年一度的游行中騎馬。15．AccordingtoTreyMatheu,whydopeoplevisitMiddleburg?A．Torelaxthemselves．B．Toenjoythefreshair．C．Toescapecompetition．D．Tochallengethemselves．答案：A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四、五段可知，TreyMatheu認(rèn)為巡游Middleburg會(huì)讓人感到放松、安靜，可以短暫逃離快節(jié)奏的生活，因此選擇A。16．WhatdoweknowaboutthesmalltownMiddleburg?A．Itmakesalargeprofitfromtourism．B．Itattractsmanypeopleeachyear．C．Itisagoodplaceforfamilygatherings．D．Itdoesn'trespectChristmastraditions．答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段首句可知，即使在零度以下這樣的天氣，還有13,000多人來參與這個(gè)游行，所以可推知，這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)每年吸引很多人來巡游。A限時(shí)10分鐘(2024·浙江高考)Asculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung．TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline(裝配線)onSeptember27,1908．Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth．ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem．ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel．ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger．Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds．Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandaneverendinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory．In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage．”Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarmbasedsocietyintoanindustrialpower．ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster．InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990．Theproblemsofexcessive(過度的)energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL．Friedman．Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest．Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(經(jīng)濟(jì))isachancetokeepAmericanstrength．“Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury．”1．WhyishamburgermentionedinParagraph2?A．ToexplainAmericans'lovefortravellingbycar．B．ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture．C．TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans．D．TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica'sroadsystem．答案：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句“ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger．”(汽車塑造了美國(guó)文化中一些最長(zhǎng)久的層面：路邊小餐館、廣告牌、汽車旅館，甚至是漢堡。)可知，該段提及漢堡是為了顯示汽車對(duì)美國(guó)文化的影響。故選B。2．WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A．Declineofeconomy．B．Environmentalproblems．C．Ashortageofoilsupply．D．Afarmbasedsociety．答案：B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段第一句以及第五段第一句可推知，美國(guó)汽車的運(yùn)用導(dǎo)致了環(huán)境問題。故選B。3．WhatisFriedman'sattitudetowardsAmerica'sfuture?A．Ambiguous．B．Doubtful．C．Hopeful．D．Tolerant．答案：C觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句可知，F(xiàn)riedman認(rèn)為在新世紀(jì)能夠設(shè)計(jì)、構(gòu)建和輸誕生產(chǎn)清潔水、干凈空氣以及健康和足夠食品的綠色技術(shù)將成為新世紀(jì)的硬通貨。同時(shí)結(jié)合第五段最終一句中的“hopesforthebest”可知，F(xiàn)riedman對(duì)美國(guó)的將來充溢希望。故選C。B限時(shí)10分鐘(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver．Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade．NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver．Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million．Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime．Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight．In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis．Peoplewentthereforgold．Theytravelledoversnowcoveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers．ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarming．Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people．FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip．Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich．About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives．Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable．Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive．Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound．Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome．Today,peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened．TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762．4．WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A．Itsbusinessculture．B．Itssmallpopulation．C．Itsgeographicalposition．D．Itsfavourableclimate．答案：C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段第一、二句，并結(jié)合關(guān)鍵信息第三句“NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver．”可知，紐約吸引早期移民的緣由是它的地理位置，故C正確。5．WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A．Twothirdsofthemstayedthere．B．Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich．C．Almosteveryonegaveup．D．Halfofthemdied．答案：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段倒數(shù)其次句“Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich．”可知，在最初挖黃金的兩萬(wàn)人中有4,000人變富有，所以是五分之一的人變富了，故B正確。6．WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A．Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded．B．Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere．C．Theywereunabletostandthewinter．D．Theywereshortoffood．答案：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段第四句中的“．．．a(chǎn)ndwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome”可知，人們離開Dawson的主要緣由是聽說在Alaska發(fā)覺了黃金，也就是他們要去別的地方找尋發(fā)財(cái)?shù)臋C(jī)會(huì)。故B正確。7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Theriseandfallofacity．B．ThegoldrushinCanada．C．Journeysintothewilderness．D．TourisminDawson．答案：A主旨大意題。第一段簡(jiǎn)要介紹城市發(fā)展的緣由，引出Dawson這一城市的興起，其次段介紹了該城市興起的緣由，第三段介紹人們選擇離開該城市的緣由及該城市現(xiàn)在的狀況，所以全文敘說了Dawson這個(gè)城市的興衰。故A正確。C限時(shí)10分鐘(2024·浙江省杭州市高考模擬)LittleNewYear(Chinese:Xiaonian)isusuallyaweekbeforethelunarNewYear．ItisalsoknownastheFestivaloftheKitchenGod,thedeity(神)whooverseesthemoralcharacterofeachhousehold．HerearesixthingsyoushouldknowabouttheLittleNewYear,anothersignofthestartofspring．1．OffersacrificestoKitchenGodOneofthemostdistinctivetraditionsoftheLittleNewYearistheburningofapaperimageoftheKitchenGod,whowillreportonthefamily'sconductoverthepastyear．TheofferingstotheKitchenGodincludepig'shead,fish,sweetbeanpaste,melons,fruit,boileddumplings,barleysugar,andGuandongcandy,astickytreatmadeoutofglutinousmilletandsproutedwheat．Mostoftheofferingsaresweetsofvariousvarieties．ItisthoughtthatthiswillsealtheKitchenGod'smouthandencouragehimtoonlysaygoodthingsaboutthefamilywhenheascendstoheaventomakehisreport．2．HousecleaningAccordingtoChinesefolkbeliefs,duringthelastmonthoftheyearghostsanddeitiesmustchooseeithertoreturntoHeavenortostayonEarth．Itisbelievedthatinordertoensuretheghostsanddeities'timelydeparturepeoplemustthoroughlycleanboththeirpersonsandtheirhouses,downtoeverylastdrawerandcupboard．3．EatGuandongcandyGuandongcandy,astickytreatmadeoutofglutinousmilletandsproutedwheat,isatraditionalsnackthatChinesepeopleeatontheFestivaloftheKitchenGod．4．PastepapercutstowindowsIntheLittleNewYear,oldcoupletsandpapercutsfromthepreviousSpringFestivalaretakendown,andnewwindowdecorations,NewYear'sposters,andauspicious(吉利的)decorationsarepastedup．5．BathandhaircutAstheoldChinesesayinggoes,whetherthey'rerichorpoor,peopleoftenhaveahaircutbeforetheSpringFestival．TheactivityoftakingbathandhaircutisoftentakenontheLittleNewYear．6．PreparationsforSpringFestivalPeoplestarttostockupnecessaryprovisionsfortheSpringFestivalsincetheLittleNewYear．Everythingneededtomakeofferingstotheancestors,entertainguests,andfeedthefamilyoverthelongholidaymustbepurchasedinadvance．8．WhatistheKitchenGod'sdutyintheman'sworld?A．Collectingtheinformationoftheman'sworld．B．Protectingthecharacterofeachhome．C．GatheringsacrificesforotherGodsinheaven．D．Overseeingthemoralcharacterofeachhousehold．答案：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段其次句“ItisalsoknownastheFestivaloftheKitchenGod,thedeity(神)whooverseesthemoralcharacterofeachhousehold．”可知，灶神在人間的職責(zé)是考察一家人的善惡。故選D。9．WhatisthemostunusualtraditionintheLittleNewYear?A．OfferingsacrificestotheKitchenGod．B．BurningpaperimageofKitchenGod．C．PreparingthenecessitiesfortheNewYear．D．Cleaninghousesandpeoplethemselves．答案：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段首句中的“OneofthemostdistinctivetraditionsoftheLittleNewYearistheburningofapaperimageoftheKitchenGod”可知，小年最別出心裁的傳統(tǒng)之一是燒灶神像。故選B。10．Whyaremostoftheofferingssweets?A．BecausetheKitchenGodlovessweetfoods．B．Asitisthetraditionalcustoms．C．AspeoplehopetheGodsaysgoodforthem．D．Becausesweetsarethebestsacrifices．答案：C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段尾句“ItisthoughtthatthiswillsealtheKitchenGod'smouthandencouragehimtoonlysaygoodthingsaboutthefamilywhenheascendstoheaventomakehisreport．”可知，人們用甜品貢灶神是為了讓灶神替他們?cè)谔焐厦姥?。故選C。11．Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat________．A．LittleNewYearisalwayslaterthanthelunarNewYearB．housecleaningistowelcometheNewYearC．intheLittleNewYearonlypapercutsarepastedupD．peoplewillmakefullpreparationsforthecomingNewYear答案：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段首句中的“．．．usuallyaweekbeforethelunarNewYear”可知A項(xiàng)不正確；依據(jù)第三段其次句中的“Itisbelievedthatinordertoensuretheghostsanddeities'timelydeparturepeoplemustthoroughlyclean．．．”可知B項(xiàng)不正確；依據(jù)第五段可知C項(xiàng)不正確；依據(jù)最終一段可知D項(xiàng)正確。D限時(shí)7分鐘(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Ifyouareafruitgrower—orwouldliketobecomeone—takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat'saround．It'scalledAppleDaybutinpracticeit'smorelikeAppleMonth．ThedayitselfisonOctober21,butsinceithascaughton,eventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaroundBritain．Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples．TopeoplewhoareusedtothelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans．Althoughitdoesn'ttasteofanythingspecial,it'sstillworthatry,asistheknobbly(多疙瘩的)Cat'sHeadwhichismoreofacuriositythananythingelse．Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions．OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyou'llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit'sa_pipe_dreamformostappleloverswhofallforit．Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions,andbecausethesearefamilyaffairs,childrenarewellcateredforwithapplethemedfunandgames．AppleDaysarebeingheldatallsortsofplaceswithaninterestinfruit,includingstatelygardensandcommercialorchards(果園)．Ifyouwanttohavearealorchardexperience,tryvisitingtheNationalFruitCollectionatBrogdale,nearFavershaminKent．12．Whatcanpeopledoattheappleevents?A．Attendexperts'lectures．B．Visitfruitlovingfamilies．C．Plantfruittreesinanorchard．D．Tastemanykindsofapples．答案：D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句可知，人們可以品嘗到很多品種的蘋果。故選D。13．WhatcanwelearnaboutDecio?A．Itisanewvariety．B．Ithasastrangelook．C．Itisrarelyseennow．D．Ithasaspecialtaste．答案：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段其次句中的“itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans”可知，能看到仍舊存在的經(jīng)典的蘋果品種，如曾由羅馬人種植的Decio蘋果，真是令人大開眼界?？赏瞥鯠ecio蘋果如今很罕見。故選C。14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“apipedream”inParagraph3mean?A．Apracticalidea．B．Avainhope．C．Abrilliantplan．D．Aselfishdesire．答案：B詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段其次句中的“you'llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit”可知，種此種蘋果不易，且不現(xiàn)實(shí)。由此可推斷，apipedream意為“不現(xiàn)實(shí)；妄想；白日夢(mèng)”。