江蘇省常州市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省常州市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)ACOASTALCLEANUPCREWJointheCoastalCleanupCrewtohelpprotectourlocalbeachesandcoastalareas.Volunteerswilltakepartinbeachcleanups,removinglitterthatharmsmarine(海洋)lifeandecosystems.Activitiesalsoincludemonitoringwaterqualityandgrowingnativeplantstoholddunes(沙丘)inplace.GROUPSGroupsofsixormoreneedtomakespecialarrangementsinadvance.PleasereviewthelistofProjectsYouCanJoinandcompletetheGroupRegistration(登記)Form.AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged12andabovearewelcome.Thoseunder18musthaveasignedParentalConsent(同意)Form.Wearstrongshoes,comfortableclothing,glovesandbringahatandsunscreen.Don’tforgetareusablewaterbottleandsnackstostayenergizedthroughouttheday.Wewillbeworkingrainorshine,sobringyourraincoatifnecessary.Nopreviousexperienceisrequired—trainingandequipmentwillbeprovided.However,ifyouhaveexperienceinenvironmentalscience,marinebiology,oroutdooractivities,yourexpertknowledgewillbehighlyvalued.Teamwork,enthusiasm,andawillingnesstolearnarethemostimportantskillsforthisevent.UPCOMINGEVENTSTimeMeetingLocationSaturday,May.24|9:00a.m.—12:00p.m.MuirBeachOverlookSunday,June.8|10:00a.m.—2:00p.m.PointReyesNationalSeashoreSaturday,July12|9:30a.m.—1:30p.m.TennesseeValleyTrailhead1.WhatistheaimoftheCoastalCleanupCrew?A.Toremovenativeplants. B.Toraisemoneyforlocalbeaches.C.Todoresearchonmarinelife. D.Toprotectthemarineecosystem.2.Whatshoulda14-year-oldvolunteerbring?A.AsignedParentalConsentForm. B.Acomfortableteamuniform.C.Agroupregistrationform. D.AListofProjectsYouCanJoin.3.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Bringtheirowntools. B.Workinallweather.C.Havesimilarexperiences. D.Doatleastthreeprojects.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一篇關(guān)于“COASTALCLEANUPCREW”的志愿者招募公告。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“JointheCoastalCleanupCrewtohelpprotectourlocalbeachesandcoastalareas.Volunteerswilltakepartinbeachcleanups,removinglitterthatharmsmarine(海洋)lifeandecosystems.

(加入海岸清理隊(duì)，幫助保護(hù)我們當(dāng)?shù)氐暮┖脱睾５貐^(qū)。志愿者將參與海灘清理，清除危害海洋生物和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的垃圾)”可知，海岸清理隊(duì)的目的是保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中第一段“Volunteersaged12andabovearewelcome.Thoseunder18musthaveasignedParentalConsent(同意)Form.(歡迎12歲或以上的義工參加。未滿18歲者必須簽署家長(zhǎng)同意書(shū))”可知，一個(gè)14歲的志愿者需要署名的家長(zhǎng)同意書(shū)。故選A。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中第二段“Wewillbeworkingrainorshine,sobringyourraincoatifnecessary.(我們將風(fēng)雨無(wú)阻地工作，如有必要，請(qǐng)帶上雨衣)”可知，志愿者需風(fēng)雨無(wú)阻地工作，即在所有天氣條件下工作。故選B。B“Idon’tknowwhattowritetoyou,soIwilltellyouastoryaboutfourlittlerabbitsnamedFlopsy,Mopsy,Cottontail,andPeter,”wroteBeatrixPotterin1893,inalettertoalittleboywhowassufferingfromfever.Adecadelater,withsmallchanges,theselinesformedtheopeningtooneofthemostpopularbooksinchildren’sliterature—TheTaleofPeterRabbit.Likemanychildren-storyauthors,Potter(1866-1943)wasnotaprofessionalwriter.Hermaininterestwasnature.DuringherchildhoodfamilyholidaysinPerthshireandtheLakeDistrict,shegottoexperiencenatureupclose.AttheLondonNaturalHistoryMuseum,shecarefullystudiedplantsandanimals.ItwasherbackgroundthatgavePeterRabbitandPotter’slateranimalstoriestheiruniquesenseofbelievablewonder.ThankstoPotter’sdrawings,thehumanizedrabbitsseemedtoexistinafamiliarplace.AsPotteronceadmitted,herstudiesofplantshelpedmakeherfantasydrawingsreal.Althoughlaterstoriescontainedevenmoredetaileddrawings,PeterRabbithascharmingpicturesofitsimpudenthero.Inthesepictures,Peterinthevegetablegardenateradishes(蘿卜)orjumpedoffwallsandknockedoverpotsofflowers.ThepictureofPeterplanningtoescapefromthegardenwhilewatchingMr.McGregor,hisenemy,digginguponionsgivesusafeelingoftensionandadventurethatappealstothechildinallofus.Potter’sloveofallanimalsisreflectedinthemanyothercreaturesshedrew,includingrobins,sparrowsandstarlings,amouse,goldfishandabeautifulwhitecat.TheTaleofPeterRabbitwasfirstpublishedbyFrederickWarnein1902.Potterwantedthebooktobesmallenoughtofitintoachild’shandsandinexpensive(withblack-and-whitedrawings),butWarnehadadifferentopinion.OnlyafterPotterhadthebookpublishedprivatelydidWarnechangehismind.Today,theoriginalstoriescanbefoundpublishedbyWarne,andtwomillionPotterbooksaresoldworldwideeachyear.4.WhatcontributestotherealnessofPotter’sdrawings?A.Herfriendshipwithasickchild. B.Herprofessionaltrainingasawriter.C.Herefforttobecomeafamousartist. D.Hercontactwithnatureinchildhood.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impudent”probablymeaninParagraph5?A.Brave. B.Rude. C.Clever. D.Shy.6.WhatwasWarne’sfirstattitudetowardPotter’sideaofbookpublishing?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Excited. D.Uninterested.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.NatureandImagination:TheStoryBehindPeterRabbit.B.InspirationforArt:TheHistoryofTheTaleofPeterRabbit.C.LettersandLiterature:TheOriginofChildren’sLiterature.D.BeatrixPotter:ATalentedandSuccessfulBusinesswoman.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了《彼得兔》的創(chuàng)作背景及波特的創(chuàng)作靈感來(lái)源?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Hermaininterestwasnature.DuringherchildhoodfamilyholidaysinPerthshireandtheLakeDistrict,shegottoexperiencenatureupclose.AttheLondonNaturalHistoryMuseum,shecarefullystudiedplantsandanimals.ItwasherbackgroundthatgavePeterRabbitandPotter’slateranimalstoriestheiruniquesenseofbelievablewonder.(她的主要興趣是大自然。童年時(shí)，她和家人在珀斯郡和湖區(qū)度假，她有機(jī)會(huì)近距離體驗(yàn)大自然。在倫敦自然歷史博物館，她仔細(xì)研究植物和動(dòng)物。正是她的背景賦予了彼得兔和波特后來(lái)的動(dòng)物故事獨(dú)特的、可信的奇跡感。)”可知，童年與自然的接觸是畫(huà)作真實(shí)性的關(guān)鍵。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文描述PeterRabbit的行為“Inthesepictures,Peterinthevegetablegardenateradishes(蘿卜)orjumpedoffwallsandknockedoverpotsofflowers.ThepictureofPeterplanningtoescapefromthegardenwhilewatchingMr.McGregor,hisenemy,digginguponionsgivesusafeelingoftensionandadventurethatappealstothechildinallofus.(在這些圖片中，彼得在菜園里吃蘿卜，或者從墻上跳下來(lái)，撞翻了花盆。彼得一邊看著他的敵人麥格雷戈先生挖洋蔥，一邊計(jì)劃逃離花園，這幅畫(huà)給我們一種緊張和冒險(xiǎn)的感覺(jué)，這吸引了我們所有人的童心。)”可知，彼得兔的這些舉動(dòng)帶有頑皮、無(wú)禮的色彩。所以，impudent的意義為“魯莽的；放肆無(wú)禮的”，與rude意義一致。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Potterwantedthebooktobesmallenoughtofitintoachild’shandsandinexpensive(withblack-and-whitedrawings),butWarnehadadifferentopinion.OnlyafterPotterhadthebookpublishedprivatelydidWarnechangehismind.(波特希望這本書(shū)足夠小，可以塞進(jìn)孩子的手里，而且價(jià)格便宜（有黑白圖畫(huà)），但沃恩有不同的意見(jiàn)。直到波特私下出版了這本書(shū)，沃恩才改變了主意。)”可知，對(duì)于波特的圖書(shū)出版想法，沃恩最初的態(tài)度是懷疑的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。文章主要講述了波特如何從自然中獲得靈感，并通過(guò)她的想象力創(chuàng)作出《彼得兔》的故事。因此，用A項(xiàng)“NatureandImagination:TheStoryBehindPeterRabbit(自然與想象：彼得兔背后的故事)”作為本文的題目，與文章主題相符合。故選A項(xiàng)。CAyearago,IattendedaspecialeventinNairobi,thecapitalofKenya.Itwastoraisemoneyforawedding.Manyoftheguestswereyoungbusinesspeoplewhocarriedlotsofcash,eagertohelpthecouple.Suddenly,thehostaskedthroughthemicrophone,“Shallwebeginthisharambee?”HarambeeisaKenyantradition.Thewordmeans“allpulltogether”inSwahili,Kenya’snationallanguage.Itisthenation’sofficialmotto(格言),anditappearsonthecountry’scoatoftheemblem(國(guó)徽).ForKenyans,harambeemeansasimplerule:whetheryouarerichorpoor,everyonelendsahandtothoseinneed.Aharambeecanbeanythingfromgivingmoneytoemotionalsupporttoasmallactofkindness.Wheneversomeoneneedshelpwithaweddingorafuneral(葬禮),theywillcontactanelderfamilymemberortribal(部落的)leader.Thisleaderwillthencallameetingwithotherelders.Iftheproblemisbig,theywillorganizeaharambee.Peoplecontributemoney,servicesoremotionalandphysicalsupport,andexpectnothinginreturn.AhistorianfromtheUniversityofNairobisaidthat,longago,Swahiliworkersshouted“Harambee!”toliftheavythingstogether.AccordingtoKenyanfolktales,inthe1890s,some30,000IndianworkerscametoKenyatohelpbuildtheKenya-UgandarailwayundertheordersoftheBritish.AstheyworkedbesideKenyans,theIndianscalledon“Hare,”thedivinepower(神力)ofGod,and“Ambe,”thegoddessofenergy.TheKenyanworkersoftenjoined.Slowly,thewords“Hare”and“Ambe”mixedinto“Harmbee”.Thewordbecamepopularin1963,whenKenya’sfirstpresident,JomoKenyatta,encouragedpeopletoacceptthemotto.ThenationhadjustbecomeindependentfromBritain.Kenyanswereeagertopullthecountrytogetherandbuildanewnation.Today,thespiritofharambeelivesonintheheartsandmindsofallKenyans.8.WhyisthecoatofKenya’semblemmentionedinParagraph2?A.ToproveKenyans’lovefortheircountry.B.TopraiseKenya’sindependencefromBritain.C.Tostresstheroleofharambeeinnationalidentity.D.Toshowkindnesstopeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.9.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Whatthetribeleaderhasdonetohelppeople.B.Whenthetraditionofharambeestartedinhistory.C.Howharambeeworksthroughcommunityactions.D.Whatbigproblemsharambeefacesinmoderndays.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutharambeefromParagraphs4and5?A.Indianworkersinspireditscreation. B.Indianworkersbuiltarailwaywithit.C.ItwasfirstusedbySwahiliworkersforfun. D.ItwasaKenyancustombeforeindependence.11.Whatbestreflectstheauthor’sattitudetowardharambee?A.Itbenefitsonlynewly-marriedcouples. B.ItisoutdatedinmodernKenyansociety.C.Itpromotesunitythroughjointaction. D.Itreliesheavilyonforeignculturalinfluences.【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了肯尼亞的傳統(tǒng)——Harambee以及背后的寓意和起源?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“HarambeeisaKenyantradition.Thewordmeans“allpulltogether”inSwahili,Kenya’snationallanguage.Itisthenation’sofficialmotto(格言),anditappearsonthecountry’scoatoftheemblem(國(guó)徽).ForKenyans,harambeemeansasimplerule:whetheryouarerichorpoor,everyonelendsahandtothoseinneed.(Harambee是肯尼亞的傳統(tǒng)。這個(gè)詞在肯尼亞的國(guó)家語(yǔ)言斯瓦希里語(yǔ)中的意思是“齊心協(xié)力”。這是國(guó)家的官方格言，它出現(xiàn)在國(guó)家徽章的外層上。對(duì)肯尼亞人來(lái)說(shuō)，harambee意味著一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的規(guī)則：無(wú)論你是富人還是窮人，每個(gè)人都向需要幫助的人伸出援助之手)”可知，第2段提到了肯尼亞國(guó)徽的外層是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)harambee在國(guó)家認(rèn)同中的作用。故選C?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Aharambeecanbeanythingfromgivingmoneytoemotionalsupporttoasmallactofkindness.Wheneversomeoneneedshelpwithaweddingorafuneral(葬禮),theywillcontactanelderfamilymemberortribal(部落的)leader.Thisleaderwillthencallameetingwithotherelders.Iftheproblemisbig,theywillorganizeaharambee.Peoplecontributemoney,servicesoremotionalandphysicalsupport,andexpectnothinginreturn.(harambee可以是任何東西，從給錢(qián)到情感上的支持，再到一個(gè)小小的善舉。每當(dāng)有人在婚禮或葬禮上需要幫助時(shí)，他們會(huì)聯(lián)系年長(zhǎng)的家庭成員或部落首領(lǐng)。然后，這位領(lǐng)袖將召集其他長(zhǎng)老開(kāi)會(huì)。如果問(wèn)題很大，他們就會(huì)組織一次游行。人們提供金錢(qián)、服務(wù)或情感和物質(zhì)上的支持，不期望任何回報(bào))”可知，第三段的主旨是harambee如何通過(guò)社區(qū)行動(dòng)發(fā)揮作用。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“AccordingtoKenyanfolktales,inthe1890s,some30,000IndianworkerscametoKenyatohelpbuildtheKenya-UgandarailwayundertheordersoftheBritish.AstheyworkedbesideKenyans,theIndianscalledon“Hare,”thedivinepower(神力)ofGod,and“Ambe,”thegoddessofenergy.TheKenyanworkersoftenjoined.Slowly,thewords“Hare”and“Ambe”mixedinto“Harmbee”.(根據(jù)肯尼亞民間傳說(shuō)，在19世紀(jì)90年代，約有3萬(wàn)名印度工人在英國(guó)人的命令下來(lái)到肯尼亞，幫助修建肯尼亞-烏干達(dá)鐵路。當(dāng)他們和肯尼亞人一起工作時(shí)，印第安人呼喚神的神力“Hare”和能量女神“Ambe”?？夏醽喒と私?jīng)常加入。慢慢地，“Hare”和“Ambe”兩個(gè)詞混成了“Harmbee”)”可知，印度工人激發(fā)了Harmbee的創(chuàng)作靈感。故選A。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Kenyanswereeagertopullthecountrytogetherandbuildanewnation.Today,thespiritofharambeelivesonintheheartsandmindsofallKenyans.(肯尼亞人渴望把國(guó)家團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，建立一個(gè)新的國(guó)家。今天，harambee精神活在所有肯尼亞人的心中)”可知，通過(guò)共同行動(dòng)促進(jìn)團(tuán)結(jié)最能反映作者對(duì)harambee的態(tài)度。故選C。DAstormsurge(風(fēng)暴潮)isaraisedseabroughtbytropicalcyclones(熱帶氣旋),alsoknownastyphoonsorhurricanes.Thesepowerfulstormsproducestrongwindsthatpushthewaterintoshore(岸),oftencausingflooding.Astormsurgeismainlycausedbytherelationshipbetweenthewindsandtheocean’ssurface.Thewaterriseswherethewindsarestrongest.Inaddition,waterispushedinthedirectionthewindsareblowing.Therotation(自轉(zhuǎn))oftheEarthcauseswindstomovetowardtherightintheNorthernHemisphere(半球)andtowardtheleftintheSouthernHemisphere.IfacyclonedevelopsintheNorthernHemisphere,thesurgewillbethelargestintheright-forwardpartofthestorm.IntheSouthernHemisphere,thesurgewillbethelargestintheleft-forwardpart.Atmosphericpressure(氣壓)alsoplaysakeyrole.Inacyclonethecentralpressureislowerthanatitsedges(邊緣).Thispushesdownthewaterintheouterpartsofthestorm,causingthewatertoriseinthecenter.Morefactorscontributetothestrengthofastormsurgeasitcomestothecoast.Thewatercanreachashighas10metersifthestormsurgehappensatthesametimeashightide.Thecoast’sslope(坡度)matterstoo:shallowcoastsfloodmoreeasily.Thestormsurgesareaseriousdangerforcoastalareas.Theytypicallyforminlatesummerwhenoceantemperaturesarehighest,providingtheenergyneededforcyclonedevelopment.Historically,stormsurgeshavecausedterriblelosses.Forexample,the1900HurricaneKatrinaintheU.S.claimedover6,000lives,whilethe1970BholaCycloneinBangladeshresultedinabout500,000deaths.Today,improvementsinforecasting(預(yù)報(bào))andwarninghelpreducedamagedonebyastormsurge.Informationaboutsurgeslikespeeds,heightsandpathsareprovided,allowingcommunitiestoprepareandleave.Coastalcommunitiescanprotectthemselvesagainststormsurgesbyprotectinglocalwetlands,whichcantakeinthewaterandtheenergyofstormsurges.Butunfortunatelytheyhavemadewayforthecitydevelopment.12.Whatisamaincauseofstormsurges?A.Heavyrainfallduringcyclones. B.Earth’srotationredirectingthewinds.C.Suddenrisesofcentralpressure. D.Strongwindspushingseawaterashore.13.WhereisastormsurgethelargestintheNorthernHemisphere?A.Centerofthecyclone.B.Coastalareaswithwetlands.C.Right-forwardpartofthestorm.D.Left-forwardpartofthecyclone.14.WhydoesthetextmentionHurricaneKatrinaandBholaCyclone?A.Toshowtheincreasedcyclonefrequency.B.Tostressthedamagingeffectsofstormsurges.C.Toexplaintheeconomicbenefitsofwetlands.D.Tocomparestormsurgesintwohemispheres.15.Whatwillthepassageprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Strategiestofixcoastalwetlands.B.Methodstoforecastcyclonepaths.C.Casestudiesofrecentstormsurges.D.Climatechange’simpactoncyclones.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了風(fēng)暴潮的定義、形成原因、影響強(qiáng)度的因素、危害以及應(yīng)對(duì)措施?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Astormsurge(風(fēng)暴潮)isaraisedseabroughtbytropicalcyclones(熱帶氣旋),alsoknownastyphoonsorhurricanes.Thesepowerfulstormsproducestrongwindsthatpushthewaterintoshore(岸),oftencausingflooding.(風(fēng)暴潮是由熱帶氣旋帶來(lái)的海水升高現(xiàn)象，熱帶氣旋也被稱(chēng)為臺(tái)風(fēng)或颶風(fēng)。這些強(qiáng)大的風(fēng)暴產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)風(fēng)，將海水推向岸邊，常常引發(fā)洪水)”可知，風(fēng)暴潮的一個(gè)主要原因是強(qiáng)風(fēng)將海水推向岸邊。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“IfacyclonedevelopsintheNorthernHemisphere,thesurgewillbethelargestintheright-forwardpartofthestorm.(如果氣旋在北半球形成，風(fēng)暴潮在風(fēng)暴的右前方部分將是最大的)”可知，如果氣旋在北半球形成，風(fēng)暴潮在風(fēng)暴的右前方部分將是最大的。故選C。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Historically,stormsurgeshavecausedterriblelosses.Forexample,the1900HurricaneKatrinaintheU.S.claimedover6,000lives,whilethe1970BholaCycloneinBangladeshresultedinabout500,000deaths.(從歷史上看，風(fēng)暴潮已經(jīng)造成了可怕的損失。例如，1900年美國(guó)的卡特里娜颶風(fēng)奪走了6000多人的生命，而1970年孟加拉國(guó)的博拉氣旋導(dǎo)致了大約50萬(wàn)人死亡)”可知，歷史上風(fēng)暴潮造成了可怕的損失，接著舉例美國(guó)的卡特里娜颶風(fēng)和孟加拉國(guó)的博拉氣旋造成的大量人員死亡，所以提到這兩個(gè)例子是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)風(fēng)暴潮的破壞作用。故選B。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Coastalcommunitiescanprotectthemselvesagainststormsurgesbyprotectinglocalwetlands,whichcantakeinthewaterandtheenergyofstormsurges.Butunfortunatelytheyhavemadewayforthecitydevelopment.(沿海社區(qū)可以通過(guò)保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)貪竦貋?lái)抵御風(fēng)暴潮，當(dāng)?shù)貪竦乜梢晕诊L(fēng)暴潮的水和能量。但不幸的是，它們已經(jīng)為城市發(fā)展讓路了)”可知，沿海社區(qū)可以通過(guò)保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)貪竦貋?lái)抵御風(fēng)暴潮，但不幸的是濕地為城市發(fā)展讓路了。由此可推測(cè)接下來(lái)可能會(huì)討論修復(fù)沿海濕地的策略。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。其中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Readingcomprehension(理解)ismorethanjustrecognizingsounds,letters,andwords.___16___Unfortunately,U.S.schoolsstressdecoding(解碼)wordsoverhelpingchildrenbuildknowledge.WhileAmericanchildrenunder10aregoodatbasicskillslikesummarizingthemaintopicofatext,theyoftenstrugglewithdeeperunderstanding.___17___Whenwereadfictionorpoetry,itrequiresknowingcharacters’hiddenfeelingsandconnectingthetexttothetimeinwhichthewriterlived.Italsorequiresexploringcommonthemesbetweentexts.Whenwereadinthesciences,deepreadingcomprehensionrequireslinkingbackgroundknowledgewithnewinformation.Themorechildrenknowaboutaspecifictopic—likethesolarsystem(太陽(yáng)系)ornaturalselection—theeasieritisforthemtounderstandnewinformation.Childrenimprovetheirreadingskillsastheygrow.Bythetimetheyreach12thgrade,theycannotonlyunderstandwhattheyarereadingbutalsojudgethem.___18___Withtherightinstruction,studentslearnthatskillfulreadinggoesbeyondthelines.Theyshouldusewhattheyknowtocommunicatecritically(批判性地)withwritersandtheirwork.___19___Datagatheredinhomes,atschoolsandinlabsshowthatone-tothree-year-oldswhohaveconversationswitholderpeoplelearntoreadmoreeasilythanchildrenwhodonot.Whenadultstalkseriouslyabouteventsandobjects,childrenaregivenabigeducationaladvantage:___20___A.So,whatisdeepreadingcomprehension?B.High-schoolerswillreadhistoryornewsreports.C.Attitudehassomethingtodowithbeingskillfulreaders.D.Thisprocessofteachingkidstoreadbettermuststartearly.E.Theirgrowingbodiesofknowledgeimprovestheirreadingskills.F.Adultsshouldconsidertheopinionsandwishesofyoungerpeople.G.Itrequiresreaderstoconnectthetextwithwhattheyalreadyknow.【答案】16.G17.A18.B19.D20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了閱讀理解尤其是深度閱讀理解的內(nèi)涵、要求以及如何提升閱讀技能，強(qiáng)調(diào)了知識(shí)積累和早期教育對(duì)閱讀技能提升的重要性?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Readingcomprehensionismorethanjustrecognizingsounds,letters,andwords.(閱讀理解不僅僅是識(shí)別聲音、字母和單詞)”可知，接下來(lái)應(yīng)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明閱讀理解還需要什么。G選項(xiàng)“它要求讀者將文本與他們已經(jīng)知道的東西聯(lián)系起來(lái)”符合語(yǔ)境，對(duì)閱讀理解的要求進(jìn)行了補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Whenwereadfictionorpoetry,itrequiresknowingcharacters'hiddenfeelingsandconnectingthetexttothetimeinwhichthewriterlived.Italsorequiresexploringcommonthemesbetweentexts.Whenwereadinthesciences,deepreadingcomprehensionrequireslinkingbackgroundknowledgewithnewinformation.(當(dāng)我們閱讀小說(shuō)或詩(shī)歌時(shí)，這需要了解人物隱藏的情感，并將文本與作者生活的時(shí)代聯(lián)系起來(lái)。它還需要探索文本之間的共同主題。當(dāng)我們閱讀科學(xué)類(lèi)文章時(shí)，深度閱讀理解需要將背景知識(shí)與新信息聯(lián)系起來(lái))”可知，這些內(nèi)容是在具體解釋深度閱讀理解是什么。A選項(xiàng)“那么，什么是深度閱讀理解呢？”能很好地引出這些解釋內(nèi)容。故選A?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Bythetimetheyreach12thgrade,theycannotonlyunderstandwhattheyarereadingbutalsojudgethem.(到他們上12年級(jí)時(shí)，他們不僅能理解自己所讀的內(nèi)容，還能對(duì)其進(jìn)行評(píng)判)”可知，后面應(yīng)舉例說(shuō)明高中生閱讀的內(nèi)容。B選項(xiàng)“高中生會(huì)閱讀歷史或新聞報(bào)道”與前文提到的高中階段相呼應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Datagatheredinhomes,atschoolsandinlabsshowthatone-tothree-year-oldswhohaveconversationswitholderpeoplelearntoreadmoreeasilythanchildrenwhodonot.(在家庭、學(xué)校和實(shí)驗(yàn)室收集的數(shù)據(jù)表明，一到三歲與年長(zhǎng)者交談的孩子比不這樣做的孩子更容易學(xué)會(huì)閱讀)”可知，前面應(yīng)是說(shuō)教孩子閱讀的過(guò)程要盡早開(kāi)始。D選項(xiàng)“教孩子更好地閱讀的這個(gè)過(guò)程必須盡早開(kāi)始?！蹦芤龊笪年P(guān)于早期教育對(duì)孩子閱讀影響的內(nèi)容。故選D?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whenadultstalkseriouslyabouteventsandobjects,childrenaregivenabigeducationaladvantage:(當(dāng)成年人認(rèn)真談?wù)撌录臀矬w時(shí)，孩子會(huì)獲得很大的教育優(yōu)勢(shì))”可知，后面應(yīng)說(shuō)明這種優(yōu)勢(shì)是什么。E選項(xiàng)“他們不斷增長(zhǎng)的知識(shí)體系提高了他們的閱讀技能”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。OnMondays,mytwokidsgetreadyforschoolinanunusualway.Theypacktheirnecessities,andgotoa___21___tospendthewholedayoutsideata“forestschool.”WhenIfirstsignedthemup,Ilovedtheideaof___22___education,butwasalsodoubtfulaboutafewthings:Wouldtheybecomfortableoutsideforthatlong?Wouldtheystay___23___forsomanyhours?Wouldtheteachersletthemactfreely?Myconcernsquickly___24___asIwatchedhowjoyfultheywerewhenIpickedthemup.Iwasrelievedtolearnthattheirteachers___25___onlywhensomethinggoeswrong.Thekidsdirecttheirown___26___,aslongasit’sdoneina___27___spacewhereateachercansee.Thereisno___28___mealtime.Sometimesmykidsweresoattractedbytheirgamesthattheyforgottoeat!Noneoftheirclassroomteachersthinksit’saproblemthatmykids___29___Mondays,butmostsignificantly,mykidsarelearningdifferent___30___thataclassroomcannotteach.Theyarelearningto___31___natureupclose.Oncetheyfedsunflowerseedstotinychickadees(北美山雀).Theystayedstilluntilthebirds___32___ontheiroutstretchedhands.Theirconfidenceisgrowingastheyhandle___33___tasksthattraditionalschoolswouldnever___34___—climbingtrees,cookingpiesoverfirestheybuildthemselves,andevensharpeningstickswithknives.Theyalsomakefriendswithkidsofallages.I’m___35___forsuchaspecialprogram!21.A.park B.library C.museum D.mall22.A.online B.outdoor C.formal D.classroom23.A.amused B.focused C.confused D.respected24.A.remained B.increased C.disappeared D.worsened25.A.ignore B.avoid C.leave D.help26.A.play B.work C.rest D.life27.A.private B.dangerous C.public D.quiet28.A.extended B.scheduled C.delayed D.added29.A.forget B.hate C.miss D.escape30.A.rules B.skills C.texts D.methods31.A.observe B.control C.protect D.imitate32.A.sang B.skipped C.hid D.landed33.A.academic B.mental C.digital D.physical34.A.allow B.discourage C.acquire D.stress35.A.hopeful B.thankful C.regretful D.doubtful【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.C30.B31.A32.D33.D34.A35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了兩個(gè)孩子參加“森林學(xué)?！钡挠H身經(jīng)歷和感受?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們收拾好必需品，去一個(gè)公園度過(guò)一整天的“森林學(xué)校”。A.park公園；B.library圖書(shū)館；C.museum博物館；D.mall購(gòu)物中心。根據(jù)下文的“forestschool”及“spendthewholedayoutside”可知，孩子們?nèi)サ氖菓敉鈭?chǎng)所，park最符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次為他們報(bào)名時(shí)，我喜歡戶外教育的理念，但也對(duì)一些事情表示懷疑。A.online在線的；B.outdoor戶外的；C.formal正式的；D.classroom課堂的。根據(jù)“forestschool”可知，此處表示戶外教育。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們能在外面待那么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保持專(zhuān)注嗎？A.amused有趣的；B.focused專(zhuān)注的；C.confused困惑的；D.respected受尊重的。根據(jù)下文的“forsomanyhours”可知，此處表示保持專(zhuān)注。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的擔(dān)憂很快就消失了，因?yàn)槲铱吹剿麄儽唤幼邥r(shí)是多么快樂(lè)。A.remained保持；B.increased增加；C.disappeared消失；D.worsened惡化。根據(jù)“asIwatchedhowjoyfultheywere”可知，看到孩子們很快樂(lè)，作者的擔(dān)憂消失了。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：得知老師們只會(huì)在出問(wèn)題時(shí)才介入幫忙，我松了一口氣。A.ignore忽視；B.avoid避免；C.leave離開(kāi)；D.help幫助。根據(jù)下文的“onlywhensomethinggoeswrong”可知，出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題時(shí)，老師會(huì)提供幫助。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：只要在老師能看到的公共空間內(nèi)，孩子們可以自己決定他們的玩耍。A.play玩耍；B.work工作；C.rest休息；D.life生活。根據(jù)下文的句子“Sometimesmykidsweresoattractedbytheirgamesthattheyforgottoeat!”可知，此處表示孩子們自己決定玩耍。故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：只要在老師能看到的公共空間內(nèi)，孩子們可以自己決定他們的玩耍。A.private私人的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C.public公共的；D.quiet安靜的。根據(jù)下文的“whereateachercansee”可知，此處表示公共空間。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沒(méi)有安排的用餐時(shí)間。A.extended延長(zhǎng)的；B.scheduled預(yù)先安排的；C.delayed延遲的；D.added更多的；額外的。根據(jù)下文的“Sometimesmykidsweresoattractedbytheirgamesthattheyforgottoeat”可知，此處表示沒(méi)有安排的用餐時(shí)間。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的任課老師都不認(rèn)為我的孩子缺周一的課有什么問(wèn)題，更重要的是，孩子們正在學(xué)習(xí)課堂無(wú)法教授的實(shí)踐技能。A.forget忘記；B.hate討厭；C.miss錯(cuò)過(guò)；D.escape逃避。根據(jù)下文的“mykidsarelearningdifferentthataclassroomcannotteach”可知，此處表示錯(cuò)過(guò)周一的課程。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的任課老師都不認(rèn)為我的孩子缺課周一有什么問(wèn)題，更重要的是，孩子們正在學(xué)習(xí)課堂無(wú)法教授的實(shí)踐技能。A.rules規(guī)則；B.skills技能；C.texts文本；D.methods方法。根據(jù)空格前的“kidsarelearningdifferent”和空格后的“thataclassroomcannotteach”可知，此處表示技能。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們正在學(xué)習(xí)近距離觀察自然。A.observe觀察；B.control控制；C.protect保護(hù)；D.imitate模仿。根據(jù)下文的“natureupclose”和“Theystayedstilluntilthebirdsontheiroutstretchedhands.”可知，此處表示近距離觀察自然。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們保持靜止，直到鳥(niǎo)兒落在他們伸出的手上。A.sang唱歌；B.skipped跳躍；C.hid隱藏；D.landed降落。根據(jù)上文的“Oncetheyfedsunflowerseedstotinychickadees”和“ontheiroutstretchedhands”以及常識(shí)可知，此處表示鳥(niǎo)兒落在手上。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的信心在增長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)樗麄兲幚碇鴤鹘y(tǒng)學(xué)校永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)允許的體力任務(wù)。A.academic學(xué)術(shù)的；B.mental精神的；C.digital數(shù)字的；D.physical體力的。根據(jù)“climbingtrees,cookingpiesoverfirestheybuildthemselves”可知，此處表示體力任務(wù)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的信心在增長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)樗麄兲幚碇鴤鹘y(tǒng)學(xué)校永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)允許的體力任務(wù)。A.allow允許；B.discourage阻止；C.acquire獲得；D.stress強(qiáng)調(diào)。根據(jù)空格前的“traditionalschoolswouldnever”和下文的“climbingtrees,cookingpiesoverfirestheybuildthemselves,andevensharpeningstickswithknives”可知，此處表示傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校不會(huì)允許的任務(wù)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)這樣一個(gè)特殊的項(xiàng)目感到非常感激！A.hopeful有希望的；B.thankful感激的；C.regretful后悔的；D.doubtful懷疑的。根據(jù)上文的“Theirconfidenceisgrowing”和“Theyalsomakefriendswithkidsofallages.”可知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目對(duì)孩子很有好處，所以作者表示感激。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheLegendofLadyWhiteSnake《白蛇傳》,beginningasawarningstory,hasdevelopedinto____36____timelessromance,makingitapartofChineseculture.Itsearliestwrittenversion(版本)fromtheSongDynastytellsofScholarLiHuang,____37____meetsabeautifulwomaninwhite.Afterthreedaystogether,Lidiesunexpectedlyandthewomanturnsoutawhitesnakespirit.Thetaleservesasamorallesson,____38____(warn)youngmentoresistthetemptation(誘惑)ofunknownwomen.IntheMingDynasty,FengMenglonggavethelegendadarkly____39____(humor)twistinTheWhiteMaidenLockedinLeifengPagoda,whereXuXuanistrickedbytheWhiteSnakeintousingstolenmoneyandmarryingher.LaterwhenXuescapesfromhistroubles,shethreatens(威脅)him,only____40____(trap)inLeifengPagodabyMonkFahai.TheQingDynasty____41____(see)amoresympathetic(同情的)pictureoftheWhiteSnake.ScholarFangChengpeistressedtheWhiteSnake’spurityandloveandXuXuan’sweaknessandselfishness.Meanwhile,healsopresentedFahaiasaservantofBuddha(菩薩)____42____(task)withendinganunnaturalrelationship.Bythelate19th-20thcenturysocialchangesreshapedthestory.XuXuan,nowrenamedXuXian,becomesakindercharacter,whileFahaibecomesthebadguyapplyingunfair“heavenlyrules”,changingfocus____43____moralwarningstocelebratinglove.Today,LadyWhiteSnakeremainspopular,inspiringmany____44____(adapt)formodernaudiences._____45_____thestory’skeyelements—thewhitesnake’smagic,XuXian’sfaithfulness,andFahai’spagoda—remainunchanged,itsmeaningchangeswithtime,fromTangdynastyfearstomodernhopesforfreedom.【答案】36.a37.who38.warning39.humorous40.tobetrapped41.saw42.tasked43.from44.adaptations45.While/Although/Though【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了《白蛇傳》從最初作為一個(gè)警示故事，歷經(jīng)宋、明、清以及19世紀(jì)末到20世紀(jì)等不同時(shí)期的演變，其故事內(nèi)容和主題意義不斷變化，從最初的道德警示逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷?duì)愛(ài)情的歌頌，并且在當(dāng)今依然很受歡迎。【36題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：《白蛇傳》，一開(kāi)始是一個(gè)警示故事，后來(lái)發(fā)展成了一個(gè)永恒的浪漫故事