湖北省武漢市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)5G聯(lián)合體2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省武漢市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)5G聯(lián)合體2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFunforKidsFamilyProgramsattheNationalGalleryofArtarebasedonaphilosophyofslowingdown,andfocusononeworkofart,developingobservationandthinkingskills.Herearefourclubsdesignedtoinspirecuriosityandpromotecooperationbetweenchildrenandadults.StoryClubLet’splaytogetherwhilereadingaloudthechildren’sbook.Wewelcomeallages,especiallyouryoungestvisitorsandnursingparents.EverytimeourplaygroupwillgatherattheEastBuildingentrance,andgetsettledinthehallwithaspecial,sharedbookandothercreativeplayactivitiestoenjoy.Thestorywillbereadtwice.Registrationisnotrequired.Childrenmustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.YogaClubMoveyourbodyandbehappy!Joinusforathirty-minuteguidedfamilyyogawithchildren’syogaspecialistsfromCreateCalm.Getyourenergyflowingwithplayfulmovementsandlearnmindfulnessandbreathingtechniquesproventoimprovefocusandcalm.Sincespaceislimited,ticketswillbeavailableonsiteattheStudyCenterandarefirstcomefirstserved.Nopreviousexperienceorequipmentneeded.Pop-upLibraryClubTheNationalGalleryofArtLibraryshowsspecialartbooks,exhibitioncontents,andinterestingthings.Youcanlookthroughthecolorfulpagestofindoutwhathappenedduringanexhibition.Oryoucansitcomfortablyandreadaboutanartist.Allyouneedistobereadytolearn.It’sokaytobringanotebooktowritedownyourthoughts.ThePop-upLibraryClubisgoodforfamilieslovingarts.Signupaheadtomakesureyoucancome:WaitforyouattheWestBuildingentrance!DrawingClubNationalGalleryofArtteachingartistswilllead30-minutedrawingsinspiredbyworksofartfromtheNationalGallery’scollectionattheCentralBuildingentrance.Comeandjoinustoexploredifferentthemes.Allyouneedtobringisacoloredpencil.Weencourageyoutobringcoloredmarkers,orpaintsaswell,buttheseareoptional.DrawingClubisrecommendedforfamilieswithchildrenofallages.Registrationisneeded.Specificdatesandtimesforeachclasswillbeannouncedontheofficialwebsite.1.WheredoparticipantsintheStoryClubmeeteachtime?A.AttheStudyCenter. B.AttheEastBuildingentrance.C.AttheWestBuildingentrance. D.AttheCentralBuildingentrance.2.Whichclubsrequireparticipantstoregisterinadvance?A.StoryClubandYogaClub.B.StoryClubandDrawingClub.C.YogaClubandPop-upLibraryClub.D.Pop-upLibraryClubandDrawingClub.3.Whatdothesefourclubshaveincommon?A.Theyfocusonphysicalexercise.B.Theyencouragefamilyinvolvement.C.Participantsdon’thavetobringanything.D.Participantsareledbyprofessionalartists.【答案】1.B2.D3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了國(guó)家美術(shù)館為孩子們?cè)O(shè)立的四個(gè)俱樂部，包括故事俱樂部、瑜伽俱樂部、彈出式圖書館俱樂部和繪畫俱樂部，介紹了它們的活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、地點(diǎn)、參與要求等信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StoryClub部分中“EverytimeourplaygroupwillgatherattheEastBuildingentrance(每次我們的游戲小組都會(huì)在東樓入口集合)”可知，故事俱樂部的參與者每次在東樓入口集合。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Pop-upLibraryClub部分中“Signupaheadtomakesureyoucancome(提前報(bào)名以確保你能來)”以及DrawingClub部分中“Registrationisneeded.(需要注冊(cè))”可知，彈出式圖書館俱樂部和繪畫俱樂部需要參與者提前注冊(cè)。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Herearefourclubsdesignedtoinspirecuriosityandpromotecooperationbetweenchildrenandadults.(這里有四個(gè)俱樂部，旨在激發(fā)好奇心，促進(jìn)兒童和成人之間的合作)”可知，這四個(gè)俱樂部都鼓勵(lì)家庭參與，即大人和孩子一起參與。故選B。BRightafterfinishinguniversity,Igotmarriedandregisteredinacollegetogetsomehands-oneducation.Ialsoworkedinagrouphomeforadultswithdisabilities.There,ImetTerry,athirty-eight-year-oldmanwithDownsyndrome.Terryhadthementalcapacityofasmallchild.Unliketheotherresidents,Terryhadn’tgrownupinfacilityhousing.He’dalwayslivedwithhisparentsuntiltheypassedaway.Icouldseetheenormouschangeinlifestylewasatoughadjustmentforhim.TerryandIquicklyformedabond.We’doftenhavecoffeetogether,ordanceinthelivingroom.Twoyearslater,Iwascarryingababy.Asmyduedateneared,Ifeltamixofjoyandsorrow.ThoughthrilledthatIwouldsoonbeamother,IwasafraidthatIwouldn’tgettoseeTerryfrequentlyanymore.Thenanideahitme.IshouldjusttakeTerryhometolivewithme.Aftercountlessconversationsandatoweringpileofpaperwork,aforty-year-oldUkrainianmanmovedintomyhouse.WhenMichaelwasborn,Terryimmediatelyfellinlovewithhim,andaffectionatelynicknamedhimBugaboo—afunnynamethatstuckforyears.Astheyearspassed,MichaelandTerrybecameinseparable.WeneverreallydiscussedwhoTerrywasinourlives,andMichaelneverthoughttoask.Terryhadjustalwaysbeenthere,permanentandbeloved.Thenoneday,whenwewereoutgettingMichael’shaircut,somethinghappenedthatforeverchangedthewayIthoughtaboutfamily.Whilethestylistcuthishair,sheaskedhimifhehadanybrothersorsisters.Michaelresponded,“Yes,Ido.IhaveabrothernamedTerryandhe’sforty-fiveyearsold!”“Forty-five!”thehairstylistresponded,confused.“Don’tyoumeanfourorfiveyearsold?”“Nope,he’sforty-five!”O(jiān)nthedrivehomeIaskedMichaelwhyhetoldthehairstylistthatTerrywashisbrother.Inaverymatter-of-factway,hesaid,“BecauseheisandIlovehim.”Idrovehomespeechless,tearsrollingdownmyface.Withoutbeingtaughtortold,myfive-year-oldhadfiguredoutthetruemeaningofthefamily.4.HowwasTerrydifferentfromtheotherresidentsinthegrouphome?A.Hehadanunusualdisease.B.Hisparentspassedawaylately.C.Hehadalowermentalcapacity.D.Hegrewuplivingwithhisparents.5.WhydidtheauthortakeTerryhometolivewithher?A.BecauseTerryhaddifficultyadjustingtothelifechange.B.BecausesheneededTerry’ssupportforthecomingbaby.C.BecauseshefearedlosingregularcontactwithTerry.D.BecauseTerrywasinurgentneedofmedicalhelp.6.WhatmadeMichaelrefertoTerryashisbrotherinfrontofthehairstylist?A.HewasinstructedbytheauthortocallTerryhisbrother.B.Helearnedthisthroughpreviousfamilydiscussions.C.HeformedafamilyconnectionwithTerrynaturally.D.HemisunderstoodTerry’sroleduetohisyoungage.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?A.Familyisaboutlove,notjustbloodrelationships.B.Helpingotherscanmakelifemoremeaningful.C.Raisingachildwithdisabilitiesrequirespatienceandlove.D.Childrenarebetteratfindingthetruemeaningoffamily.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在大學(xué)畢業(yè)后在一個(gè)為殘疾成年人設(shè)立的集體之家工作時(shí)，結(jié)識(shí)了患有唐氏綜合癥的特里，兩人建立了深厚的感情。作者懷孕后擔(dān)心不能經(jīng)常見到特里，于是把他帶回家一起生活。作者的兒子邁克爾和特里感情很好，當(dāng)被問到特里是誰(shuí)時(shí)，邁克爾自然地稱特里為他的兄弟，這讓作者明白了家庭的真正意義。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Unliketheotherresidents,Terryhadn’tgrownupinfacilityhousing.He’dalwayslivedwithhisparentsuntiltheypassedaway.(與其他居民不同，特里不是在福利機(jī)構(gòu)的住房里長(zhǎng)大的。在他父母去世之前，他一直和他們住在一起)”可知，特里與集體之家的其他居民的不同之處在于他是和父母一起長(zhǎng)大的。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThoughthrilledthatIwouldsoonbeamother,IwasafraidthatIwouldn’tgettoseeTerryfrequentlyanymore.Thenanideahitme.IshouldjusttakeTerryhometolivewithme.(雖然我為即將成為一名母親而激動(dòng)不已，但我擔(dān)心我不能再經(jīng)常見到特里了。然后我想到了一個(gè)主意。我應(yīng)該把特里帶回家和我一起住)”可知，作者把特里帶回家一起住是因?yàn)樗ε率ヅc特里的定期聯(lián)系。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“OnthedrivehomeIaskedMichaelwhyhetoldthehairstylistthatTerrywashisbrother.Inaverymatter-of-factway,hesaid,“BecauseheisandIlovehim.”Idrovehomespeechless,tearsrollingdownmyface.Withoutbeingtaughtortold,myfive-year-oldhadfiguredoutthetruemeaningofthefamily.(在開車回家的路上，我問邁克爾為什么他告訴發(fā)型師特里是他的兄弟。他非常實(shí)事求是地說：“因?yàn)樗褪牵ㄎ业男值埽椅覑鬯?。”我默默地開車回家，眼淚順著臉頰流下來。我的五歲的兒子在沒有被教導(dǎo)或告知的情況下，已經(jīng)明白了家庭的真正意義)”可知，邁克爾自然地與特里建立了家庭聯(lián)系，所以他在發(fā)型師面前稱特里為他的兄弟。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Withoutbeingtaughtortold,myfive-year-oldhadfiguredoutthetruemeaningofthefamily.(我的五歲的兒子在沒有被教導(dǎo)或告知的情況下，已經(jīng)明白了家庭的真正意義)”以及邁克爾稱特里為他的兄弟，因?yàn)樗麗厶乩?，可?主要講述了作者在大學(xué)畢業(yè)后在一個(gè)為殘疾成年人設(shè)立的集體之家工作時(shí)，結(jié)識(shí)了患有唐氏綜合癥的特里，兩人建立了深厚的感情。作者懷孕后擔(dān)心不能經(jīng)常見到特里，于是把他帶回家一起生活。作者的兒子邁克爾和特里感情很好，當(dāng)被問到特里是誰(shuí)時(shí)，邁克爾自然地稱特里為他的兄弟，這讓作者明白了家庭的真正意義。由此推知，作者想要傳達(dá)的信息是家庭是關(guān)于愛，而不僅僅是血緣關(guān)系。故選A。CMostofusdon’teatasmuchfruitandvegetablesasweknowweshould,butthatgoalmightnowbeabitmoreachievable.ScientistsinSpainhaveengineeredanew“GoldenLettuce”with30timesmorenutrientsthantheregulargreenstuff.Lettuceisn’tthemostexcitingvegetable,butyou’lloftenfinditinsandwiches,wraps,stewsandothermealsasawaytocraminextranutrients.Butmaybethere’sawaytogetmorehealthbenefitsoutoflesslettuce.AteamfromtheResearchInstituteforPlantMolecularandCellularBiology（IBMCP）hasnowgeneticallyengineeredthehumblelettucetoboostitsnutrients.Specifically,theyincreasedthelevelsofanantioxidant(抗氧化劑)calledbeta-carotene,whichyourbodyusestomakevitaminA.Thisisimportantforhealthyvision,immune(免疫的)function,andcellgrowth,andisthoughttobeprotectiveagainstAlzheimer’s,heartdiseaseandsomekindsofcancer.Thelevelsofbeta-caroteneintheGoldenLettuceleaveswereupto30timeshigherthanthoseofregularlettuce.Notonlythat,buttheseantioxidantsweremorebioaccessibletoo,meaningourdigestivesystemscanabsorbthemmoreeasilyfromourfood.Higheramountsofbeta-carotenegivestheleavesastrikingyellowcolor,hencethenicknameGoldenLettuce.Increasingthoselevelswasn’tcompletelystraightforward,however.Beta-caroteneisnormallyproducedinaplant’schloroplasts(葉綠體),thecellularstructuresthatperformphotosynthesis(光合作用)—butifyoujamtoomuchinthere,itreducestheplant’sabilitytogainenergyfromsunlight.So,theteamfoundawaytomovetheantioxidantintodifferentpartsoftheplantcells.“Ourworkhassuccessfullyproducedbeta-caroteneandmadeitbuildupinspecificpartsofcellswhereitisnotnormallyfoundbycombiningbiotechnologicaltechniquesandtreatmentswithhighlightintensity,”saidManualRodríguezConcepción,leadauthorofthestudy.ThisGoldenLettucecouldsoonjoinageneticallyenhancedsaladwithmorenutritiousradishesandpeas,andantioxidant-richpurpletomatoesandpotatoes.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“cramin”inparagraph2mean?A.Forcefullypush. B.Graduallyreduce.C.Carefullymeasure. D.Casuallyignore.9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Howbeta-caroteneiscreated.B.Howbeta-caroteneisabsorbed.C.WhyGoldenLettucelooksyellow.D.WhyGoldenLettuceismorenutritious.10.Whydidtheteammovebeta-caroteneoutofchloroplasts?A.Tostoreitbetteratotherpartsofcells.B.Tomakebeta-caroteneeasiertobeproduced.C.Toprotecttheplant’ssolarenergyharvesting.D.Toincreasetheplant’sabilitytoperformphotosynthesis.11.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.PeopleprefersaladswiththeGoldenLettuceoverothers.B.PeoplewillsoonbeabletobuytheGoldenLettuceinthemarket.C.Therewillbemoregeneticallyengineeredvegetablesinthefuture.D.GoldenLettucearemorenutritiousthanpurpletomatoesandpotatoes.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了西班牙科學(xué)家通過基因工程培育出了一種“黃金生菜”，其營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分比普通生菜高30倍，以及這種生菜的相關(guān)特性和培育過程?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Lettuceisn’tthemostexcitingvegetable,butyou’lloftenfinditinsandwiches,wraps,stewsandothermealsasawaytocraminextranutrients.(生菜不是最令人興奮的蔬菜，但你會(huì)經(jīng)常在三明治、卷餅、燉菜和其他食物中發(fā)現(xiàn)它，作為一種cramin額外營(yíng)養(yǎng)的方式。)”可知，人們把生菜加入到其他食物中是為了增加營(yíng)養(yǎng)，“cramin”意思是“強(qiáng)行塞入”。故選A。【9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“AteamfromtheResearchInstituteforPlantMolecularandCellularBiology(IBMCP) hasnowgeneticallyengineeredthehumblelettucetoboostitsnutrients.Specifically,theyincreasedthelevelsofanantioxidant(抗氧化劑)calledbeta-carotene,whichyourbodyusestomakevitaminA.Thisisimportantforhealthyvision,immune(免疫的)function,andcellgrowth,andisthoughttobeprotectiveagainstAlzheimer’s,heartdiseaseandsomekindsofcancer.Thelevelsofbeta-caroteneintheGoldenLettuceleaveswereupto30timeshigherthanthoseofregularlettuce.Notonlythat,buttheseantioxidantsweremorebioaccessibletoo,meaningourdigestivesystemscanabsorbthemmoreeasilyfromourfood.Higheramountsofbeta-carotenegivestheleavesastrikingyellowcolor,hencethenicknameGoldenLettuce.(來自植物分子和細(xì)胞生物學(xué)研究所（IBMCP）的一個(gè)研究小組現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)對(duì)不起眼的生菜進(jìn)行了基因改造，以增加其營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分。具體來說，它們?cè)黾恿艘环N叫做β-胡蘿卜素的抗氧化劑的水平，這種抗氧化劑是你的身體用來制造維生素a的。這對(duì)健康的視力、免疫功能和細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)很重要，而且被認(rèn)為可以預(yù)防老年癡呆癥、心臟病和某些癌癥。黃金生菜中β-胡蘿卜素的含量是普通生菜的30倍。不僅如此，這些抗氧化劑也更容易被生物吸收，這意味著我們的消化系統(tǒng)可以更容易地從食物中吸收它們。大量的β-胡蘿卜素使葉子呈醒目的黃色，因此被稱為黃金生菜。)可推知，第三段主要講了金色生菜更有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的原因。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Beta-caroteneisnormallyproducedinaplant’schloroplasts(葉綠體),thecellularstructuresthatperformphotosynthesis(光合作用)—butifyoujamtoomuchinthere,itreducestheplant’sabilitytogainenergyfromsunlight.So,theteamfoundawaytomovetheantioxidantintodifferentpartsoftheplantcells.(β-胡蘿卜素通常在植物的葉綠體中產(chǎn)生，葉綠體是進(jìn)行光合作用的細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)——但如果你在那里塞入太多，就會(huì)降低植物從陽(yáng)光中獲取能量的能力。所以，研究小組找到了一種方法，將這種抗氧化劑轉(zhuǎn)移到植物細(xì)胞的不同部分。）”可知，將β-胡蘿卜素從葉綠體中轉(zhuǎn)移出來是為了保護(hù)植物獲取太陽(yáng)能的能力。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThisGoldenLettucecouldsoonjoinageneticallyenhancedsaladwithmorenutritiousradishesandpeas,andantioxidant-richpurpletomatoesandpotatoes.(這種黃金生菜可能很快就會(huì)加入到一種基因改良的沙拉中，這種沙拉還包括更有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的蘿卜和豌豆，以及富含抗氧化劑的紫色西紅柿和土豆。)”可推知，未來將會(huì)有更多的基因工程蔬菜。故選C。DEverypainterhasaprocess,butthepainstakingrevisionsandcountlesstinyeditsareinvisibletothosewhoonlyseethefinalproduct.InastudypublishedinPLOSONE,researchersusedX-raystorevealhow3000-year-oldpaintingsinsideEgypt’sThebanNecropolisunfoldedstepbystep.Thefindingsoffersomecluesaboutthecreativeprocessusedtoproducetheseancientmasterworks.Inrecentyears,scientistsandarthistoriansaroundtheworldhaveteameduptouseX-raystoidentifypaintcolorsanddetectlinesburiedbeneaththesurfaceoffamousworksofart.Everypaintcolorhasadistinctchemicalcomposition.ByexposingpaintingstoX-raysandmeasuringhowtheyareabsorbed,scientistscanfingerprintthepaintsbothatthesurfaceandbelow.Thetechniqueallowsscientiststoseethemistakesartistscoveredup,aswellasthelayer-by-layerrev?sionsthatresultedinfamousendresults.Mostofthisworkhashappenedinmuseumsorlaboratories,wheresmallerobjectscanbebroughttothemachine.That’stoughtodowithpaintingsonthewallofanundergroundtomb.So,usingtwomobileX-raymachines,ateamofarthistorians,Egyptologists,andengineersbroughtthelabtothetombsinstead,allowingtheresearcherstolookbeneaththesurfacewithoutdestroyingit.Whentheresearchersemergedtoanalyzetheirdata,theresultssurprisedthem.ManyEgyptologistsbelievedthelargenumberofEgyptianpaintingsinsidetheNecropoliswouldhaverequiredanassemblyline(流水線)process,withnoroomforartiststoreturnandredowork.YetX-raysofawell-knownportrait(肖像)ofRamesesⅡ,whoruledEgyptfrom1279B.C.E.to1213B.C.E.,showedevidenceofanearlierversionunderneath.EarlierimagesofRamesesⅡshowedashortercrownandadifferentnecklace—“anextraordinaryinsightintotheartists’creativeprocess,”theteamwritesinthepaper.Thefactthattheyreworkedpaintingsatallchallengesmanyhistorians’assumptionsaboutEgyptianartaspreplannedandprecise,saysPhilippeMartinez,leadauthoronthestudyandanEgyptologistatSorbonneUniversity.“Whatweseeisthatnothingisperfect.Andthat’sgreat,becausetheywerehumanbeings.”12.WhatdoweknowaboutancientEgyptianpaintingsaccordingtothetext?A.Theywereallcreatedinasingleattempt.B.Theywerepaintedusingunknowntechniques.C.Theyhavebeenperfectlypreservedfor3000years.D.Theircreationprocesswasmorecomplexthanthought.13.WhydidtheresearchersusemobileX-raymachines?A.Becausetheywantedtomovethetombstothelab.B.Becauseitwasdifficulttotakepaintingsintombstothelab.C.Becausethepaintingsintombsweretoolargetobeanalyzed.D.BecausethetraditionalX-raymachinescouldn’tworkintombs.14.WhatmadetheresearcherssurprisedaboutRamesesⅡ’sportrait?A.Itgaveproofofpreviousrevisions.B.Itrequiredanassemblylineprocess.C.Itdemonstratedtheartists’superbskills.D.Itwaspaintedinacompletelydifferentstyle.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PaintersDiscoverthePreciseEgyptianArtB.PaintersUncovertheDifferentEgyptianArtC.X-raysDiscovertheFamousEgyptianpaintingsD.X-raysUncovertheImperfectEgyptianpaintings【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要講述了研究人員通過X射線揭示了埃及繪畫的創(chuàng)作過程，發(fā)現(xiàn)這些古老的繪畫并非如人們之前認(rèn)為的那樣完美和預(yù)先規(guī)劃好的，而是存在修改和不完美之處?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ManyEgyptologistsbelievedthelargenumberofEgyptianpaintingsinsidetheNecropoliswouldhaverequiredanassemblylineprocess,withnoroomforartiststoreturnandredowork.YetX-raysofawell-knownportraitofRamesesⅡshowedevidenceofanearlierversionunderneath.(許多埃及古物學(xué)家認(rèn)為，大墓地中的大量埃及繪畫需要流水線作業(yè)，藝術(shù)家沒有時(shí)間回頭重新創(chuàng)作。然而，拉美西斯二世的一幅著名肖像的X射線顯示，下面有早期版本的痕跡。)”以及第五段“Thefactthattheyreworkedpaintingsatallchallengesmanyhistorians’assumptionsaboutEgyptianartaspreplannedandprecise.(他們對(duì)繪畫進(jìn)行返工這一事實(shí)挑戰(zhàn)了許多歷史學(xué)家對(duì)埃及藝術(shù)預(yù)先計(jì)劃和精確的假設(shè)。)”可推知，古代埃及繪畫的創(chuàng)作過程比人們之前認(rèn)為的要復(fù)雜。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Mostofthisworkhashappenedinmuseumsorlaboratories,wheresmallerobjectscanbebroughttothemachine.That’stoughtodowithpaintingsonthewallofanundergroundtomb.So,usingtwomobileX-raymachines,ateamofarthistorians,Egyptologists,andengineersbroughtthelabtothetombsinstead,allowingtheresearcherstolookbeneaththesurfacewithoutdestroyingit.(大部分工作都是在博物館或?qū)嶒?yàn)室進(jìn)行的，在那里可以把較小的物體帶到機(jī)器上。這對(duì)地下墓室墻壁上的畫作來說是很難做到的。因此，一個(gè)由藝術(shù)史學(xué)家、埃及學(xué)家和工程師組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)使用兩臺(tái)移動(dòng)x光機(jī)，將實(shí)驗(yàn)室?guī)У綁災(zāi)估?，使研究人員能夠在不破壞墳?zāi)沟那闆r下看到表面下的東西。)”可知，研究人員使用移動(dòng)X射線機(jī)是因?yàn)楹茈y將墓穴中的繪畫帶到實(shí)驗(yàn)室。故選B?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“YetX-raysofawell-knownportrait(肖像)ofRamesesⅡ,whoruledEgyptfrom1279B.C.E.to1213B.C.E.,showedevidenceofanearlierversionunderneath.EarlierimagesofRamesesⅡshowedashortercrownandadifferentnecklace—“anextraordinaryinsightintotheartists’creativeprocess,”theteamwritesinthepaper.(然而，拉美西斯二世的一幅著名肖像的X射線顯示，下面有早期版本的證據(jù)。早期的拉美西斯二世圖像顯示出較短的王冠和不同的項(xiàng)鏈——研究小組在論文中寫道，“這是對(duì)藝術(shù)家創(chuàng)作過程的非凡洞察”。）”可知，拉美西斯二世肖像讓研究人員驚訝的是它提供了之前修改的證據(jù)。故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“InastudypublishedinPLOSONE,researchersusedX-raystorevealhow3,000-year-oldpaintingsinsideEgypt'sThebanNecropolisunfoldedstepbystep.Thefindingsoffersomecluesaboutthecreativeprocessusedtoproducetheseancientmasterworks.(在《公共科學(xué)圖書館?綜合》上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員利用X射線揭示了埃及底比斯大墓地內(nèi)3000年前的繪畫是如何一步步完成的。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)為這些古代杰作的創(chuàng)作過程提供了一些線索。)”以及最后一段“Thefactthattheyreworkedpaintingsatallchallengesmanyhistorians’assumptionsaboutEgyptianartaspreplannedandprecise,saysPhilippeMartinez,leadauthoronthestudyandanEgyptologistatSorbonneUniversity.“Whatweseeisthatnothingisperfect.Andthat’sgreat,becausetheywerehumanbeings.”(這項(xiàng)研究的第一作者、索邦大學(xué)（SorbonneUniversity）的埃及古物學(xué)家菲利普·馬丁內(nèi)斯（PhilippeMartinez）說，他們對(duì)繪畫進(jìn)行了重新加工，這一事實(shí)挑戰(zhàn)了許多歷史學(xué)家關(guān)于埃及藝術(shù)是預(yù)先計(jì)劃好的、精確的假設(shè)?！拔覀兛吹降氖?，沒有什么是完美的。這很好，因?yàn)樗麄円彩侨恕?”可知，文章主要講的是X射線揭示了埃及繪畫并不完美的創(chuàng)作過程。選項(xiàng)D“X射線揭示了不完美的埃及繪畫”為最佳標(biāo)題，能夠概括全文內(nèi)容。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。DanielWelker’sjourneyfromKentuckytoLuoyangisaremarkablestoryofculturaldiscovery.TheAmericananthropologist（人類學(xué)家）firstcametoChinain2011afterdevelopinganinterestinAsianstudiesduringcollege.ThemomenthesteppedontoHenan’sland,Luoyang’scharmseizedhisheart.____16____Thecity’s5,000-yearhistoryandstatusasformercapitalof13dynastiesfascinatedWelkersomuchthathedecidedtostaypermanently,eventuallybecominganEnglishteacherandstartingafamilywithhisChinesewife.Overthepasttwelveyears,Welkerhasimmersedhimselfinlocaltraditionswithremarkableenthusiasm.FromtastingLuoyang’siconicspicysouptowearingtraditionalChineseclothingatfestivegatherings,hehasembracedthecity’sculturalfabricwholeheartedly.____17________18____AsapassionateadvocateforLuoyang’sheritage,hefrequentlyvisitshistoricallandmarkssuchastheWhiteHorseTemple—China’sfirstBuddhisttemple—documentingtheirsignificancethroughengagingvideosandinsightfulonlineposts.Throughhisvideosandarticles,Welkershareshisadoptedhometown’sculturaltreasureswiththewholeworld,whichmakesinternationalaudienceschangeperceptionsaboutChina’sheartlandanddevelopscross-culturalunderstanding.___19___Thehonorprovesthatculturalexchangecanreshapeperceptionsandbuildmeaningfuldialogue.Hebelievesculturalexchangeholdsthekeytobetterinternational:elations.“ChinaandAmericahavemoreincommonthanpeoplerealize,”Welkersays.___20___Hisownlifestandsasproof—whatbeganasacademicinteresthastransformedintomeaningfulconnectionsacrosscontinents.Welker’sstoryshowshowopen-mindedengagementwithanotherculturecanleadtounexpectedbutrewardinglifepaths,whilebuildingbridgesbetweennations.A.Heevenpicksupsomelocaldialectsinhisdailylife.B.Hisdevotionextendsfarbeyondmerepersonalenjoyment.C.WelkerseesgreatpotentialinChina-USculturalexchanges.D.Hebelievesfocusingonsharedvaluesenhancesconnection.E.Hisculturalinvolvementwonhim“LuoyangAmbassador”title.F.HeobservesLuoyangblendsancientandmodernincrediblywell.G.Whatbeganasacademiccuriositysoonturnedintoalifelongpassion.【答案】16.G17.A18.B19.E20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了美國(guó)人類學(xué)家丹尼爾?韋爾克從對(duì)亞洲研究感興趣來到中國(guó)洛陽(yáng)，之后深深愛上這座城市并定居于此，全身心投入當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)文化，同時(shí)積極傳播洛陽(yáng)文化，促進(jìn)中美文化交流，他的經(jīng)歷也展示了跨文化交流的重要意義?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“TheAmericananthropologist（人類學(xué)家）firstcametoChinain2011afterdevelopinganinterestinAsianstudiesduringcollege.ThemomenthesteppedontoHenan’sland,Luoyang’scharmseizedhisheart.(這位美國(guó)人類學(xué)家在大學(xué)期間對(duì)亞洲研究產(chǎn)生興趣后，于2011年首次來到中國(guó)。他一踏上河南的土地，洛陽(yáng)的魅力就俘獲了他的心)”以及后文“Thecity’s5,000-yearhistoryandstatusasformercapitalof13dynastiesfascinatedWelkersomuchthathedecidedtostaypermanently,eventuallybecominganEnglishteacherandstartingafamilywithhisChinesewife.(這座城市5000年的歷史和作為13個(gè)朝代的前首都的地位讓韋爾克非常著迷，以至于他決定永久留下來，最終成為一名英語(yǔ)教師，并和他的中國(guó)妻子組建了家庭)”可知，此處應(yīng)該是說他對(duì)洛陽(yáng)的興趣從最初的好奇變成了一種長(zhǎng)久的熱愛?？赏浦狦選項(xiàng)“最初的學(xué)術(shù)好奇心很快就變成了一種畢生的熱愛”符合語(yǔ)境，起到承上啟下的作用。故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Overthepasttwelveyears,Welkerhasimmersedhimselfinlocaltraditionswithremarkableenthusiasm.FromtastingLuoyang’siconicspicysouptowearingtraditionalChineseclothingatfestivegatherings,hehasembracedthecity’sculturalfabricwholeheartedly.(在過去的十二年里，韋爾克以極大的熱情沉浸在當(dāng)?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)中。從品嘗洛陽(yáng)標(biāo)志性的辣湯到在節(jié)日聚會(huì)上穿著傳統(tǒng)的中國(guó)服裝，他全心全意地接受了這座城市的文化結(jié)構(gòu))”可知，此處應(yīng)該繼續(xù)說他在融入當(dāng)?shù)匚幕矫娴钠渌憩F(xiàn)。A選項(xiàng)“他甚至在日常生活中學(xué)會(huì)了一些當(dāng)?shù)胤窖浴狈险Z(yǔ)境，進(jìn)一步體現(xiàn)了他對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)匚幕纳钊肴谌?。故選A?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)下文“AsapassionateadvocateforLuoyang’sheritage,hefrequentlyvisitshistoricallandmarkssuchastheWhiteHorseTemple—China’sfirstBuddhisttemple—documentingtheirsignificancethroughengagingvideosandinsightfulonlineposts.Throughhisvideosandarticles,Welkershareshisadoptedhometown’sculturaltreasureswiththewholeworld,whichmakesinternationalaudienceschangeperceptionsaboutChina’sheartlandanddevelopscross-culturalunderstanding(作為洛陽(yáng)遺產(chǎn)的熱情倡導(dǎo)者，他經(jīng)常參觀歷史地標(biāo)，如中國(guó)第一座佛教寺廟白馬寺，通過引人入勝的視頻和有深刻見解的在線帖子記錄它們的重要性。通過他的視頻和文章，韋爾克與全世界分享他的第二故鄉(xiāng)的文化寶藏，這讓國(guó)際觀眾改變了對(duì)中國(guó)中心地帶的看法，并促進(jìn)了跨文化理解)”可知，此處應(yīng)該是說他對(duì)洛陽(yáng)文化的投入不僅僅是為了個(gè)人享受，還為了更廣泛的傳播和交流。B選項(xiàng)“他的投入遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了單純的個(gè)人享受”符合語(yǔ)境，能引出后文內(nèi)容。故選B?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Thehonorprovesthatculturalexchangecanreshapeperceptionsandbuildmeaningfuldialogue.(這一榮譽(yù)證明了文化交流可以重塑觀念并建立有意義的對(duì)話)”可知，此處應(yīng)該提到他獲得了某種榮譽(yù)。E選項(xiàng)“他對(duì)文化的參與為他贏得了“洛陽(yáng)大使”的稱號(hào)”符合語(yǔ)境，“Thehonor”指代“LuoyangAmbassador”title。故選E?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Hebelievesculturalexchangeholdsthekeytobetterinternationalrelations.“ChinaandAmericahavemoreincommonthanpeoplerealize,”Welkersays.(他認(rèn)為文化交流是改善國(guó)際關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵?！爸袊?guó)和美國(guó)的共同點(diǎn)比人們意識(shí)到的要多，”韋爾克說)”可知，此處應(yīng)該繼續(xù)說他對(duì)于中美關(guān)系以及文化交流的看法。D選項(xiàng)“他認(rèn)為關(guān)注共同價(jià)值觀可以加強(qiáng)聯(lián)系”符合語(yǔ)境，進(jìn)一步闡述了他對(duì)中美文化交流的觀點(diǎn)。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。DashingthroughaBostongrocerystore,Ihurriedtopickupflowersforacrucialdate—oneIcouldn’taffordtobelatefor.Atthecheckout,a（an）____21____womanaheadofmeunloadedhergroceriesunhurriedly.____22____myrisingimpatience,Iofferedawarmsmile,unawarethisbrief____23____wouldshapemyfuture.“Youmustbebuyingtheseforsomeone____24____,”sheremarked,____25____theflowersinmyhands.I____26____mynerves,jokinglyvoicingself-doubtaboutwhymydatewouldchooseme.She____27____megently,sharinghowherlatehusbandhadalwaysbroughtherflowersweekly,evenduring____28____whenmoneywastight.“Thosesmallgestureswere____29____—theymadeeverydayfeelspecial,”shesaid,aflickerofsadnessinhereyes.Asshe____30____hershoppingbags,anunexpected____31____struckme:Ishouldgivehertheflowers.“You’reright—theseareforaveryspeciallady,”Isaid,____32____theflowerstoher.Herfacelitupwithsurprise,andshethankedme_____33_____,“You’vemademyday.”Iarrivedatmydateslightlylate,butmygirlfriendwas____34____bythestory.Yearslater,whenIfinallyworkedupthecouragetopropose,sherevealedthisactofkindnesshadbeeninfluentialinherdecision.Mysimplegesturehadnotonly____35____theoldwoman’seveningbutalsostrengthenedabondthatwouldlastalifetime.21.A.young B.elderly C.familiar D.lonely22.A.Intermsof B.Regardlessof C.Inresponseto D.Insteadof23.A.encounter B.accident C.project D.highlight24.A.desperate B.extraordinary C.common D.modest25.A.anticipating B.stuffing C.wrapping D.eyeing26.A.denied B.hid C.admitted D.ignored27.A.justified B.criticized C.comforted D.avoided28.A.times B.terms C.efforts D.exhibitions29.A.subjective B.permanent C.minor D.fundamental30.A.gathered B.opened C.purchased D.packed31.A.trick B.idea C.idiom D.dream32.A.pushing B.throwing C.handing D.sending33.A.coldly B.casually C.politely D.sincerely34.A.astonished B.confused C.impressed D.annoyed35.A.consumed B.boosted C.brightened D.depressed【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.B25.D26.C27.C28.A29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.C35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者匆忙去波士頓雜貨店為重要約會(huì)購(gòu)買鮮花，在結(jié)賬時(shí)遇到一位年長(zhǎng)女士，與其交談后，作者將鮮花送給她，這一善舉不僅讓老人開心，也在日后對(duì)作者的感情發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了重要影響?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在收銀臺(tái)，我前面一位年長(zhǎng)的女士不緊不慢地卸下她購(gòu)買的雜貨。A.young年輕的；B.elderly年長(zhǎng)的，上了年紀(jì)的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.lonely孤獨(dú)的。根據(jù)下文“theoldwoman可知，作者的前面是一位年長(zhǎng)的女士。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：盡管我越來越不耐煩，我還是報(bào)以溫暖的微笑。A.Intermsof就……而言；B.Regardlessof不管，不顧；C.Inresponseto對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)；D.Insteadof代替，而不是。結(jié)合上文“Dashingthrou