小升初專項第十三講連詞（學生版）

課程主題第13講——連詞學習目標掌握并列連詞和從屬連詞的意思及用法；根據(jù)句子的邏輯關系，正確使用并列連詞連接彼此并列的詞、短語、或句子，正確使用從屬連詞，進行表達；教學內(nèi)容【課前檢測】 Likeotherlivingthings,mostbacteria(細菌)thatcausefoodtogo1.b________needwatertosurvive.Salttakesin(吸收)largeamountsofwater,somostbacteriacannotliveina2.s________environment.Asaresult,salthasthe3.a________topreservealmostanything.Formuchofhumanhistory,thisabilityhasmadesalttreasuredandindispensable(不可缺少的).Every4.a_______culturefromEgypttoChinarelyonsalt.Eventoday,weparehardworking,usefulpeopletosaltbycallingthem“thesaltoftheearth”. Sincealmosteveryoneneededsalt,thesalttradewasanimportant5.b_______.Saltcouldevenbeusedlikemoney.In6.f_____,thewordsalaryes7.f______thewordsalt.Andvaluablepeoplearestillsaidtobe“worththeirsalt.”Today,saltis8.e______toget.Itisnolongerexpensive,butitisstillbothimportantanduseful.1.b___________2.s___________3.a___________4.a___________5.b___________6.f___________7.f___________8.e___________

【課堂導學】（）1.

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（）4.Ourcountry_________alotsofar.Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven_________.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.haschanged;betterD.changed;better()5.Hergrandfather_________fortwoyears.A.hasbeendead B.hasdiedC.died D.hasbeendied()6.Doyouknowhimwell?Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.A.were B.havebeenC.havebee D.havemade()7.Theorganizationisconsidering______somemoneytovictimsofthenaturaldisasterA.donateB.donatingC.todonateD.todonating()8.Nowadaysmanynewtaxiapps(打車軟件)______tohelppeopletravelaroundmoreeasily.A.areusedB.useC.usedD.isused()9.ThejokewassofunnythatitmadeKitty____againandagain.A.laughB.tolaughC.laughingD.laughs()10.—Canwerunacrosstheroadnow? —No,we_________.Wehavetowaituntilthelightturnsgreen.A.needn'tB.mustn't C.couldn't D.shouldn't【知識點梳理】知識點一：并列連詞1).表示連接兩個同等概念使用方法例示and,連接并列部分，用于肯定句,否定句把and變orTomandIarestudents.both…and兩者都(兩者都強調(diào)，謂語動詞為復數(shù))BothTomandIarestudents.notonly…but(also),不但…而且(強調(diào)后者，就近原則)NotonlyTombutalsoIamastudent.neither…nor"既不……也不……"(就近原則)Neitheryounorheisastudent.aswellas,with,togetherwith也(強調(diào)前者，就遠原則)Thestudentsaswellastheirclassteacherehere.2).表示選擇的并列結(jié)構(gòu)a.or"或者"b.either…or"或者……或者……"(就近原則)EitheryouorIamright.3).表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ萢.but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，while表示對比。Somepeoplelovecats,whileothershatethem.b.not…but…"不是……而是……"4).表示因果關系a.for是并列連詞，不能置于含兩個并列分句的句子的句首，只能將其放在兩個分句中間。b.so,therefore【例題1】Terrydidverywellintheinterview,_______hegothisdreamjobinIBM.A.for B.so C.but D.or【例題2】Welistenedeagerlyandcarefully,_______hebroughtnewsofourfamilies.A.and B.but C.so D.for【例題3】Ican’tsleepwellatnight，_______Ioftenfeelverytiredintheday．A.soB.becauseC.andD.or知識點二：從屬連詞1).引導賓語從句的從屬連詞有三個：that,if,whether2).引導狀語從句的從屬連詞：從句種類主要從屬連詞時間從句when,while,assoonas,since,before,after,until,till等條件從句if,unless目的從句inorderthat,sothat結(jié)果從句so…that,such…that,sothat,so原因從句because,as,since讓步從句although,though知識點三時間狀語從句中的連詞時間狀語從句是由when,as,while,after,before,since,until,assoonas等從屬連詞引導的狀語從句。1.when，while均可表示“當……的時候”。when強調(diào)“特定時間”，表示主句謂語動詞的動作與從句謂語動詞的動作是同時發(fā)生的，或從句的動作發(fā)生在主句的動作之前；while表示的時間是一段，而不是一點。I'llgoonwiththeworkwhenIebacktomorrow．我明天回來后會繼續(xù)做我的工作。Whenspringcame,hefeltlikeatrip.春天來了，他想去旅游。WhileIwasstudying,youfellasleep.當我學習的時候，你睡著了。2.since“自從”，before“在……前”，after“在……后”，Itwasnotlongbefore意為“不久”。since引導從句用非延續(xù)性動詞或“過去時間點”或“過去時間段+ago”，主句用完成時態(tài)。Sincehegraduated,hehasworkedinthiscity.他畢業(yè)后一直在這個城市工作。Ihaven'tseenhimsincelastyear/threeyearsago.去年以來/3年來，我沒見過他。Hehandedinhispaperbeforethebellrang.他在鈴響前交了卷子。Itwasnotlongbeforehecameback.不久他就回來了。IwrotebacktohimthreedaysafterIgothisletter.我接到他信3天后就給他回信了。3.till／until，表示“一直到……”，主從句都用肯定式；表示“直到……才”，主句否定，從句肯定。Heworkeduntilitwasdark.他一直工作到天黑。Hedidnotgetuptillhismothercamein.一直到母親進來他才起床。主句動詞必須是持續(xù)動詞，一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時。till/until till在口語中用的較多，句首一般用until，而不用till?！纠}4】–Look!Hereestheschoolbus.–Nohurry.Don’tgetonit_______ithasstopped.A.until B.after C.since D.when【例題5】Willyouhelphim_______youseeanoldmanlyinginthemiddleofthestreet?A.though B.when C.because D.unless【例題6】Thetwoboyswerewalkingalongtheriver_______theyheardashoutforhelp.A.although B.since C.when D.as【例題7】.Itisimportanttoknowthatyourbrainstoresmemory_______youareasleep.A.before B.untilC.thoughD.while【例題8】MikewatchedTV_______hehadfinishedherhomeworklastnight.A.before B.while C.after D.then【例題9】Somebodyrangmeupjustnow,buthehungup_______Icouldanswerthephone.A.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since知識點四：條件狀語條件狀語從句中的連詞：if,unless(=if…not)a).時態(tài):主將從現(xiàn)(當主句是將來時的時候,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時）b).主句+if/unless連接的條件狀語從句，可以和“祈使句+and/or連接的并列句”互換如：Workhard,oryouwon’tcatchtheotherstudents.=Unlessyouworkhard,youwon’tcatchtheotherstudents.★條件狀語從句1．條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。引導條件狀語從句的連詞有：if如果；unless除非，如果不；onconditionthat條件是；aslongas只要2．表示正面的條件用if“如果”。Ifyoudon'tlookafteryoungtrees,theywilldieveryquickly.如果你不好好照看小樹苗，它們就會很快死去。Ifthemuseumchargesforentry,alotofpeoplewon'tbeabletovisitit.如果進入博物館要收費，許多人就參觀不成了。3．表示否定的條件用unless(=if.．．not)“除非，如果不”。IshallnotgotothecinemaunlessIfinishmyhomeworkbeforeeight.我不會去看電影，除非我能在8點前完成作業(yè)。說明：if…not?？梢杂胾nless替代。Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youwillfailintheexam.Youwillfailintheexamunlessyoustudyhard.4．祈使結(jié)構(gòu)表條件。前半部分的祈使結(jié)構(gòu)相當于if條件句，可用動詞或名詞開頭；后半部分的簡單句常用一般將來時，有時也用一般現(xiàn)在時。此句型與條件狀語從句形成同義結(jié)構(gòu)。1)祈使句(,)+and/then+簡單句＝>if從句(否定式)+主句Givemesomewheretostand,andIwillmovetheearth.（如果）給我一個支點，我便能掀動地球。=Ifyougivemesomewheretostand,Iwillmovetheearth.Onemoreword,andI'llturnyouout.你再多說一句，我就把你趕出去。=Ifyouspeakonemoreword,Iwillturnyouout.Useyourhead,thenyou'llfindaway.動動腦子你就能找到辦法。=Ifyouuseyourhead,you'llfindaway.2)祈使句（,）+or+簡單句＝>if從句(否定式)+主語Workevenharder,oryouwillneverpasstheexam.如果不加倍努力，你就永遠無法通過考試。=Ifyoudon'tworkharder,youwillneverpasstheexam.Stoptellinglies,oryouwillbepunished.如果你繼續(xù)說謊，就會受到懲罰。=Ifyoudon'tstoptellinglies,youwillbepunished.【例題10】I'llgowithyouifI_______freetomorrow.A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was【例題11】Youwon'tknowwhat'shappeningintheworld_______youreadnewspaperseveryday.A.if B.unless C.because D.after【例題12】You’llneversucceed_______youdon’tworkhard.A.if B.until C.unless D.when【例題13】Youwillbeunhealthyifyoudon'tdoexerciseregularly.（保持句意不變）Youwillbeunhealthy_______you_______exerciseregularly.【例題14】Bequick,oryoucan’tcatchthebus.(保持句意基本不變)_______you_______quick,youcan’tcatchthebus.知識點五：原因狀語從句引導原因狀語從句的連詞有：because,for,since,as,nowthat1）because意為“因為”，表示直接的原因或理由，著重點在從句，用于回答why，語氣最強，不能與so連用。Heisabsenttodaybecauseheisill.他今天缺席，因為他病了。Ididn'tgooutbecauseIwasbusywithhomework.我沒有出去，因為我忙于家庭作業(yè)。有時，可用becauseof后接名詞或代詞表示原因，此時becauseof=for(介詞)。Wewon'tbeabletoebecauseoftheweather.由于天氣的原因，我們來不了。Shewaslookingallthebetterforherstayinhospital.她因為待在醫(yī)院，顯得好多了。2)for意為“因為”，引導的從句并不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只提供補充說明，且不可位于主句前。for前往往用逗號或分號與主句分開，引起的從句對主句加以解釋。Ididn'tgotoseehim,foraheavysnowwasfalling.我沒有去看他，因為在下大雪?！纠}15】Ididn’tbuythedictionaryyesterday_______myauntwouldgivemeone.A.until B.because C.if D.before【例題16】Readerswon’tbeinterestedinaicstrip_______itdoesn’thavemuchaction.A.ifB.whenC.unless D.because知識點六：讓步狀語從句1．引導讓步狀語從句的連詞有：although,while,eventhough,evenif,whether...(ornot),用nomatter十wh/how引導2．a(chǎn)lthough／though“雖然”。AlthoughIdidn’tknowanybodyattheparty,Ihadaverygoodtime.雖然晚會上的客人我一個也不認識，但我玩得很愉快。[注意]“although…but”是個典型的錯誤，因為but是并列連詞，不能與從屬連詞although連用。但是，although可與yet，still連用，因為yet，still是副詞，它可使前后關系更明確?！纠}17】_______ D.if【例題18】_______themanwasbadlyinjuredinthefire,heisstillalivenow.A.Since B.When C.Before D.Although【例題19】 —_______【例題20】HecanhardlyunderstandtheEnglishnotice_______hehaslearnedEnglishformanyyears.A.becauseB.afterC.sinceD.thoughWWashingtoncutsdownthecherrytree.【課堂練習】Ⅰ.Choosethebestanswer()1.Bequick,_______we’llbelateforschool.A.andB.butC.orD.so()2.Lastnight,theshopwasclosed_______shedidn’tbuyanychocolate.A.soB.ifC.orD.when()3.Themanagerthoughttheoldladywasright,_______hedidn'ttakeheradvice.A.or B.so C.but D.and()4.Arthur,youwillgettoothache_______youcleanyourteethregularly.A.unlessB.sinceC.ifD.before()5.Wehavebeengoodfriends_______wejoinedthesamesinginggroup.A.untilB.whenC.sinceD.though()6.—Wouldyouliketogototheconcertwithme?—I'dloveto,_______Ican't._______Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.and;BecauseB.but;Because C.so;AndD.and;so()7._______he'sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.A.ThoughB.Since C.ForD.So()8.Hedidn'trealizehismistake_______hewastoldaboutit.A.ifB.whileC.untilD.since()9.Wemustdosomethingtoprotecttheearth,_______wewillloseourhome.A.orB.butC.soD.and()10.Agoodfriendalwaysgivesyouahelpinghand_______you’reintrouble.whenB.beforeC.untilD.thoughⅡ.Readingprehension.AJaneBlackisonlyfouryearsold.Hergrandpa1.u_______tobeateacherandhe2.t_______thegirltoreadandwrite.Thegirlstudieshardandlearnsalot.Shecancountfromonetoone3.h_______,readsomepicturebooks.OnceuponatimeMrsBlacktookherdaughtertoabirthdayparty.Theguestsspoke4.h_______ofarichwoman’sboy.MrsBlackaskedhimafewquestions,butallhisanswerswerewrong.Janebegantolaughathim.Therichwomanwasangry.Shetoldherfriend,anexpertofchildren’seducation,wassurprisedand5.t_______forawhile.Thensheasked,“Therearethreefliesonthetable.Howmanywillbe6.l_______ifIkillone?”“One,”answeredJane.“You’rewrong,”calledoutthefatwoman.“Allofthemwillflyaway!”“Doyouthinka7.d_______flycanfly,madam?”askedthelittlegirl.Theguestsbegantolaughandthewoman’sface8.t_______red.BIwasborndisabled.Adifficultbirth,feetfirst,myheadstuckinthebirthcanal(產(chǎn)道).Bymyfirstbirthday,Icouldn’tcrawl(爬),standorwalk.WhenIwas3,DadbroughtmetotheChildren'sHospitalinBoston.TheytoldhimIhadcerebralpalsy(腦癱).Alossofoxygentomybrainhaddestroyedbrainsignalstotherightsideofmybody.Butnosonofmydad'swasgoingtobedisabled.Everymorningbeforebreakfastandeveryeveningbeforebed,mydadplacedmeonthebedroomfloortoexercisemyrightleg.Themuscleswereshrunkenandtwisted(纏繞)together.Hisjobwastocraft(用手精心推拉)themstraight,atanycost.Backandforth,upanddown,mydadpushedandpulledthemusclesintoshape.Butmydad'sexerciseofpassiondidn'tstopthere.Formy13thbirthday,hethrewmeaspecialparty.Wheneverybodywasgone,heopenedalargebox.Initwasasetofboxinggloves.Weputthemon.Mydadwentontobeatmemercilessly(無情地).EachtimeItriedtogetup,thegloveskissedmynose,eyesandjaw(下巴).Ibeggedhimtostop.Hesaidhebeatmetogetmereadyfortheworld.HetoldmeIwasamannowandthingswouldbeverydifficultforme.Thatsameyear,Iwastheonlykidinmyneighborhoodthatwasn'tpickedforLittleLeague.Everybodylaughedatme.Twoweekslater,DadstartedtheSheddParkMinorLeague,andeverykidplayed.DadcoachedtheYankeesandmademeapitcher(棒球投手).Inhighschool,Ibecameafootballstar.Thepowerofmydad'slovemadesureIwalkedandmore.In1997,abraindoctorinSanJosetoldmeIdidn'thavecerebralpalsyafterall.Heexplainedhowandwherethedoctor'sforceps(鑷子)atbirthhaddamagedonepartofmybrain.Mydadneverknewthewholetruthsincehepassedawayyearsago.Butallthatcountsisthebottomline.Afterallhismadness,onthisFather'sDay,likeeveryFather'sDay,I'mnolongerdisabled.Whatcouldn'tthewriterdobyhisfirstbirthday?__________________________________________Howdidthewriter'sfatherhelphimtocraftthemusclesstraight?__________________________________________Whatpresentdidthewriterreceivedfromhisfatheronhisthirteenthbirthday?__________________________________________Whydidthewriter'sfatherbeathimmercilesslyonhisthirteenthbirthday?__________________________________________Whendidthewriterknowthathedidn'thavecerebralpalsyafterall?__________________________________________Thewriter'sfathernevergaveuponhim,didhe?__________________________________________【課堂回顧】【課后作業(yè)】根據(jù)句意和所給音標寫出單詞。Don'tworry.Mybrothercan_______/f?ks/yourbikesoon.Thebusistoo_______/sl??/.Let'stakeataxiinstead.Eachofusis_______/'w?l??/tohaveachancetogoabroad.Ican'tworkoutthismathproblem.It'stoo_______/'d?f?k?lt/forme.Whatdoyouthinkisthemost_______/'helpf?l/invention?Choosethebestanswer.A類：()1.Theunderlinedpartintheword“oranges”ispronouncedas_______.A./z/ B./s/ C./is/ D./iz/()2.YangpuBridgeisfivemiles_______.A.fromherefar B.awayfromhereC.farfromhere D.fromhereaway()3.Everybodymusthave_______ownchoices.A.one’s B.their C.your D.our()4.Myfatheriswritingamenu_______food_______tomorrow.A.of,of B.for,for C.of,for D.for,of()5._______willyourmotherbebackinamonth?A.Howsoon B.Howlong C.Howfar D.Howoften()6.Thereis_______“h”inthesentence“Aliceis_______honestgirl.”A.an,a B.a,an C.an,an D.a,a()7.Thisproductisdifferent_______thatone,especially_______.A.in,insize B.from,insize C.from,insizes D.in,fromsize()8.Thetouristsisa_______whosejobistoshowother_______thewaytoaplace.A.person,person B.people,people C.people,person D.person,people()9.Ihavetolookaftermy_______sister,shehasbeen_______foraweek.A.sick,ill B.ill,sick C.ill,ill D.sick,illness()10.Hedidn'tgototheparty_______thetime.A.because B.becauseof C.becauseas D.becausefor()11.We_______anydrinksbecausethereisenoughinthefridge.A.needn’t B.don'tneed C.notneed D.neednot()12.Thefilmlasted_______.A.twohourandahalf B.twoandahalfhoursC.twohoursandhalf D.twoandhalfhours()13._______freezingweatheritistoday!A.What B.How C.Whata D.Howa()14.She_______to_______pizzaverymuch.A.like,eat B.like,eating C.likes,eat D.likeseating()15.Wouldyoulike_______ShanghaiMuseumwithusnextFriday?A.visiting B.tovisit C.visited D.visitB類：()1.IhavesomethingimportanttodiscusswithTim.IwillwaitforTim_______hegetsback.A.as B.until C.when D.after()2.Youcanbuyputersatalocalshop.They’reusuallymoreexpensive,_______youcangetbetteraftersalesservice.A.and B.but C.so D.or()3.Themanagerthoughttheoldladywasright,_______hedidn'ttakeheradvice.A.or B.so C.but D.and()4.Idecidednottobuyfrozendumplings_______thegovernmentsaidtheyweresafe.A.because B.though C.since D.or()5.Thepoliceasked_______wesawanybodybreakintothehousetostealthings.A.who B.if C.what D.where()6.Wewillrememberthepicture_______itissilly,strangeandcolorful.A.unless B.if C.before D.after()7._______hewastiredafterthedailyhardwork,MoYanwashungryforbooks.A.Since B.Assoonas C.Although D.Until()8.Youwillendupinhospital_______yougoonsmokinglikethat.A.unless B.if C.because D.until()9.Myfatherdidn’tgiveupsmoking_______thedoctortoldhimtodoso.A.unless B.when C.until D.after()10.Youarenotallowedtoentertheexhibition_______youhaveaticket.A.if B.when C.unless D.becauseⅡ.Fillintheblankswithproperforms.1.Youcanusethe_______escalator.(one)2.LiuXiangisaverygreat_______.(run)3.Hervoiceis_______thanhis.(loud)4.What’sthe_______oftheword.(mean)5.Therearethree_______intheriver.(ferry)6.Everyonehastwo_______.(foot)7._______isveryinteresting.(travel)8.The_______arefromTokyo.(visit)Ⅲ.Rewritethesentencesasrequired1.IlikemyjobbecauseIliketomakesickpeoplebetter.(對劃線部分提問)_______doyoulikeyourjob?2.Thewomanisasecretary.(改為復數(shù)句)The_____________________.3.TheywouldliketohaveabarbecueintheparkthisSunday.(保持句意不變)They__________________havingabarbecueintheparkthisSunday.4.Sheseldomvisitshersister.(改為反意疑問句)Sheseldomvisitshersister,______________?5.ShespeaksEnglishwell.(改為感嘆句)______________shespeaksEnglish!6.WetooktheferrytoPudongNewAreathismorning.(保持句意不變)We_______toPudongNewArea_______ferry.7.Mary’sgotsomesausagesforthepicnicnextweek.(改為一般疑問句)_______Marygot_______sausagesforthepicnicnextweek?8.Choosesomesweetapplesforthelittlechild.(改為否定句)_______choose_______sweetapplesforthelittlechild.Ⅳ.ReadingprehensionChoosethebestanswer.(根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當?shù)拇鸢?TheUSAistheshortformoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.ItisinNorthAmerica.ItliesbetweenCanadaandMexico.Itisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.Itismadeupof50states.ThecapitaloftheUSA,suchasNewYork,SanFrancisco,Chicagoandsoon.ThenewstateofHawaiiisfarfromthestatesoftheeastcoastofthecontinent.HawaiiisinthePacificOceanTherearealotofinterestingplacesintheUSA.Disneylandisoneofthemostwellknownparksintheworld.Theolderpark(Disneyland)isinLosAngeles,California;theotherone(Disneyworld)isinOrlando,Florida.()1.TheUSAis_______.A.nexttoMexico B.farfromMexicoC.farfromCanada D.tothenorthofCanada()2.Hawaiiis_______inthePacificOcean.A.acountry B.anisland C.apark D.afamouscity()3.Fromthepassageweknowthereare_______DisneylandintheUSA.A.onlyone B.two C.three D.fifty()4.Chicagoisin_______.A.theUSA B.Canada C.Mexico D.Hawaii()5.Thephrase“themostwellknownparks”inthelastparagraphmeans_______.A.theparkspeopleknowwell B.theverybeautifulparksC.theinterestingparks D.thelargeparksTrueorFalse.(判斷正誤)Alittleboyissittingoutsidethehouse.Asalesman(推銷員)askstheboy,"Isyourmotherathome?""Yes,she'sathome."Theboysays.Thesalesmanrings(按響)thedoorbell(門鈴),butthedoorisn’topen.Heknocks(敲)atthedooragainandagain,butnooneestothedoor.Heisangry.Hesaystothelittleboy,"Youtellmeyourmotherisathome.""Sheis,"saystheboy,"butthisisn'tmyhome."()1.Alittleboyissittinginsidethehouse.()2.Thedoorisopenwhenthesalesmanringsthedoorbell.()3.Thesalesmanishungry.()4.Thelittleboy'smotherisathome.()5.Thisisn’ttheboy'shouse.Choosethebestanswer.Moreandmorepeoplelike1._______.Theycanmakepeople2._______andhelpthemrelaxafterworkorstudy.Youngpeopleliketoplayballgames,3._______basketball,volleyball,badminton,tennisandtabletennis.Manypeoplelikefootballverymuch.4._______footballisveryexciting.Swimmingandclimbingarealsoverygoodsports.Therearemany5._______sports.Running,skatingandfishingcan6._______makepeoplestrongandhealthy.()1.A.games B.sports C.meetings D.activities()2.A.health B.happy C.healthy D.happily()3.A.soas B.suchas C.asif D.sothat()4.A.Playing B.Toplay C.Play D.Plays()5.A.otherkindofB.kindsof C.akindof D.otherkindsof()6.A.always B.also C.often D.stillReadthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.TherearealotofnetbardincitiesandtownsinChi