2024-2025學(xué)年江蘇省鹽城市四校高二下學(xué)期3月聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1江蘇省鹽城市四校2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期3月聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)1.Howsoonwillthemanreturnthebook?A.Inthreedays. B.Inoneweek. C.Intwoweeks.【答案】C【原文】M:Oh,thanks!Whendoyouwantthebookback?W:I’mgoingawayin3days,butyou’llneeditlongerthanthat.DoyouwanttogiveittomysisternextweekorwaituntilIgetbackintwoweeks?M:I’llwaitforyoutoreturn.Haveanicetrip!2.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Advertiseforthemovie. B.Preparesomefood. C.Gotothecinema.【答案】B【原文】M:Themovieintheadvertisementcameoutlastnight.Itlooksgood!Ihearditwasfunny.Umm…Whydon’twegotothemoviesnow?W:Goodidea.Butbeforethat,I’llgetsomesnacksready.3.WherewillthespeakersmeetonSaturday?A.Attheman’shouse. B.Atthecinema. C.Atschool.【答案】A【原文】M:Mary,thisprojectistakingmetoolong.Haveyoufinishedyours?W:Yeah,butIfinishedmostofmineinclass.Didyouwantmetocomeandhelp?M:That’dbegreat!Mymomcouldmakesomesnacksandwecouldwatchamovieafterwards.W:Okay.Let’sdoitonSaturday!4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ahat. B.Ascarf. C.Asweater.【答案】C【原文】M:Howniceitis!W:Yes,anditmatchesyourscarfandhatperfectly.M:Exactly!Anditsaysthatsweaterstodayareonly￡28.W:Wow!It’sarealbargin.5.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Putoutafire. B.Readascarystory. C.Findsomefirewood.【答案】C【原文】W:Alright,weneedlotsofwoodtobuildabigfire,John.Canyouhelpmegetsomebigsticksfromtheforest?M:Ofcourse!Howmuchwoodwillweneed?W:Enoughtolastforalongandscarystory.I’vebroughtmyoldstorybookandthismask,soyoucanhelpmeactthemout.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.WhoisBeta?A.Thewoman’sdaughter. B.Thewoman’sdog. C.Thewoman’sfriend.7.WhattrainingiseffectiveforBeta?A.Rewardtraining. B.Movementtraining. C.Confidencetraining.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:Mark,you’reright.Betaiseasilydrawntosomethings,especiallywhenthereareotherdogsaround.M:Sodidmydog.Ifoundfunactivitieslikemovementtraininghelpedhimfocusandbuildconfidence.W:Well,Betadoesn’tloveit.M:That’samazing!Andhaveyoutriedrewardtraining?It’sagreatwaytostrengthenpositivebehavior.W:Wetrieditacoupleoftimes.It’sreallyeffective.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthemando?A.Adoctor. B.Astudent. C.Anathlete.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehadaseriouscaraccident.B.Hegotanoperationonhisleg.C.Hebrokehislegattheageof17.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】W:Sitdown.Now,Ineedtogetsomebasicdetailsofyoufirst.Right,we’llstartwithyournameandage.M:MartinHansen,and19yearsold.W:So,youareafreshman?M:Yeah.AndIamstudyingmedicineactually.W:Ah!Goodchoice.Thenlet’sgetsomeofyourmedicalbackgrounds.Haveyoueverhadanyseriousillnessoraccident?M:IgotabrokenlegplayingfootballwhenIwas17.AndIusedtobeagoalkeeperintheschoolteam.W:Andhaveyouhadanyoperations?M:Never.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Wherewillthespeakersspendtheirvacation?A.Atabeach. B.Onanisland. C.Inamountain.11.Whatwillthewomanmakeabookingfor?A.Thehotel. B.Theflight. C.Therestaurants.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingbeforeleaving?A.Buyingsomeclothes.B.Bookingtheactivities.C.Watching

the

weatherconditions.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【原文】M:Couldyoulookovertheplansforourholidaythissummer?W:Yeah.Itlooksveryinteresting.Ithoughtweweregoingtoanislandorclimbingamountain.ButI’malsogladwechosethebeachvacation.M:Ithinkwecanstartthetripadayearlier.Doesthatworkforyou?W:Thedaybeforeisperfectforme.AndI’llbookanearlyflight.M:OK.I’llbookthehotelandtherestaurants.Isthereanythingelseyouwanttoadd?W:Checktheforecastfortheweek,sowecanplanwhatclothestotake.M:Greatidea.I’llcallyoujustbeforeIbooktheactivities.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Hostandguest. B.Writer

and

reader. C.Boss

and

employee.14.Whatisthework-lifebalancelikeintraditionalworkplaces?A.People’sworkandprivatelivesareseparate.B.Peopleworklonglegalworkinghours.C.Peoplespendlittletimewithfamily.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofworkingonweekendsintraditionalworkplaces?A.It’snormal. B.It’simpossible. C.It’suncommon.16.Whatwillthemanprobablytalknext?A.Thedifferenceofhisnewbook.B.Thechangedwork-lifebalance.C.Thehealthyworkinglives.【答案】13.A14.A15.C16.B【原文】W:Goodmorning,everyone.Ontoday’sshow,we’vegotChrisSwinson,whosenewbookisaboutwork-lifebalance.Hello,Chris.M:Hello,Anna.W:So,Chris,tellusaboutyourbookandhowthework-lifebalancehasbeenchanging?M:Well,inthemoretraditionalworkplaces,people’sworkinglivesandprivatelivesare,orwere,clearlydivided.Butexceptforlegalworkinghours,peoplesometimesstaylateintheofficeandworkintheevenings.Thisiscalledworkingovertime.W:OK,andwhatelse?M:Well,intheseenvironments,itisn’tcommonforpeopletoworkonweekendsorholidays.Andtheyarefreetofocusonnon-workareasoflife,suchasmusic,sports,spendingtimewithfamilyandfriends.It’simportantandhealthy.W:Yeah!Sowhathaschanged?Howarethingsdifferentnow?聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whatcouldthespeakerprobablybe?A.Ateacher. B.Astudent. C.Aguide.18.HowwasthefirstwinterofthefirstEnglishmen?A.Easy. B.Boring. C.Tough.19.WhenwasthefirstThanksgiving?A.In1620. B.In1621. C.In1622.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.NativeswereinvitedonthefirstThanksgiving.B.Thanksgivingiscelebratedquitedifferentlynow.C.ThanksgivingwasoriginallycelebratedinDecember.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【原文】W:Hello,everyone.Nicetoseeyouagain.Inyesterday’sclass,welearnedaboutsomepublicholidaysinBritain.Today,let’stalkaboutsomepublicholidaysintheUnitedStates.Well,backhomeintheStatesonthefourthThursdayofNovemberwehaveapublicholidaycalledThanksgivingwhenpeopledon’tgotoworkandtraditionallyspendthedaywiththeirfamilyeatingalargemealincludingturkeyandsomepies.Youmaywonderhowthatideagotstarted.Well,theactualideaissimilartosomefestivalsinothercountriesbutit’srelatedtothebeginningsofNorthAmerica,whenthefirstEnglishmensuccessfullyarrivedin1620inwhatisnowthestateofMassachusetts.Theirfirstwinterwasdifficultandhalfofthemdiedfromdiseaseandhunger.Thatdoesn’tsoundlikeanythingtocelebrate,right?Butinthefollowingspringoftheirarrival,theNativeAmericanstaughtthemhowtogrowcornandpumpkin,aswellashowtohuntandfish.Intheautumnofthisyear,afterasuccessfulfoodsupply,theEnglishmenplannedagreatdinnerandinvitedthelocalchiefand90natives,whobroughtpopcornwiththem,whichofcoursewastotallyunknowninEurope.ThisisthefirstThanksgivinginAmericanhistory.AndmanywaysofcelebratingthefirstThanksgivinghavebeenhandeddowntofuturegenerations.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）AFAMOUSCHINESEPAINTINGS,ARTISTICTREASURESWiththousandsofyearsofcontinuoushistory,Chinaisoneofthemostculturallyuniquenations.Overmanycenturies,Chineseartistshavecreatedpaintingsthatarenowintheheartsofmorethanabillionpeople.NymphoftheLuoRiver—GuKaizhiThelegendhasitthatCaoZhi,aprinceofthestateofCaoWei,fellinlovewiththegovernor’sdaughter.However,shemarriedhisbrother,CaoPi,andtheprincebecameupset.Later,hecomposedanemotionalpoemaboutthelovebetweenthegoddessandcommonpeople.Inthe4thcentury,GuKaizhi,aChineseartist,wasmovedbythestoryandillustratedthepoem.CourtLadiesAdorningTheirHairwithFlowers—ZhouFangDuringtheTangDynasty,Chinahadaprosperouseconomyandflourishingculture.Inthisperiod,thegenreof“beautifulwomenpainting”enjoyedpopularity.Comingfromanoblebackground,ZhouFang,aChineseartist,createdartworksinthisgenre.Inhispainting,theladiesstandasthoughtheyarefashionmodels,butoneofthemisentertainingherselfbyteasingacutedog.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival—ZhangZeduanZhangZeduandepictedthelandscapeinhisworkAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival.However,insteadofconcentratingonthevastnessofnature,hecapturedthedailylifeofthepeopleofBianjing,present-dayKaifeng.HisworkshowsmuchaboutlifeintheNorthernSongDynasty.AThousandLiofRiversandMountains—WangXimengNotonlydidofficialsandscholarsenjoylisteningtomusic,buttheyalsofoundpleasureindepictingnature.OnesuchpainterwasWangXimeng.Hewasaprodigy.WangXimengpaintedAThousandLiofRiversandMountainswhenhewasonlyseventeenyearsold.Hediedseveralyearslater,butheleftoneofthelargestandmostbeautifulpaintingsinChinesehistory.21.Wheredoyouthinkthispassageistakenfrom?A.Anovel. B.Atraveljournal.C.Amagazine. D.Abookreview.22.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.WangXimengcreatedhismasterpieceinhisteens.B.NymphoftheLuoRiverisapoemwrittenbyCaoZhi.C.ZhouFangpaintedfashionmodelsinhispainting.D.ZhangZeduan’spaintingdescribesdailylifeofofficials.23.Whichisyourbestchoiceifyouwanttoenjoyapaintingwiththebeautyofnature?A.NymphoftheLuoRiver—GuKaizhi.B.AThousandLiofRiversandMountains—WangXimeng.C.CourtLadiesAdorningTheirHairwithFlowers—ZhouFang.D.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival—ZhangZeduan.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四幅中國知名畫家的作品。【21題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Withthousandsofyearsofcontinuoushistory,Chinaisoneofthemostculturallyuniquenations.Overmanycenturies,Chineseartistshavecreatedpaintingsthatarenowintheheartsofmorethanabillionpeople.(中國擁有數(shù)千年的連續(xù)歷史，是世界上文化最獨特的國家之一。幾個世紀(jì)以來，中國藝術(shù)家創(chuàng)作的繪畫作品如今在10億多人心中流傳。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知文章主要講的是中國藝術(shù)家創(chuàng)作的繪畫作品，所以文章最有可能出自一本和藝術(shù)相關(guān)的雜志。故選C項?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章NymphoftheLuoRiver—GuKaizhi部分的“Later,CaoZhicomposedanemotionalpoemaboutthelovebetweenthegoddessandcommonpeople.Inthe4thcentury,GuKaizhi,aChineseartist,wasmovedbythestoryandillustratedthepoem.(后來，曹植寫了一首關(guān)于女神和普通人之間愛情的感人的詩。公元4世紀(jì)，中國藝術(shù)家顧愷之被這個故事所感動，并為這首詩配了插圖。)”可知NymphoftheLuoRiver實際上是由顧愷之根據(jù)曹植的《洛神賦》所配的一幅畫，所以B不對；根據(jù)CourtLadiesAdorningTheirHairwithFlowers—ZhouFang部分的“Inhispainting,theladiesstandasthoughtheyarefashionmodels,butoneofthemisentertainingherselfbyteasingacutedog.(在他的畫中，女士們站在那里，就像時裝模特一樣，但其中一人正在逗弄一只可愛的狗。)”可知ZhouFang的畫里面畫的并不是時裝模特，所以C不正確；根據(jù)AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival—ZhangZeduan部分的“hecapturedthedailylifeofthepeopleofBianjing,present-dayKaifeng.(他描繪了汴京(今開封)人民的日常生活。)”可知ZhangZeduan在《清明上河圖》里面描述的并不是官員們的生活，而是普通老百姓的日常生活，所以D項不對；根據(jù)AThousandLiofRiversandMountains—WangXimeng部分的“WangXimengpaintedAThousandLiofRiversandMountainswhenhewasonlyseventeenyearsold.(王希孟十七歲時就畫了《千里江山圖》。)”，可知王希孟在十幾歲時就完成了他的大作，所以A正確。故選A項。【23題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章AThousandLiofRiversandMountains—WangXimeng部分的“Notonlydidofficialsandscholarsenjoylisteningtomusic,buttheyalsofoundpleasureindepictingnature.(官員和學(xué)者不僅喜歡聽音樂，他們也從描繪自然中找到樂趣。)”可知AThousandLiofRiversandMountains—WangXimeng可以讓官員們享受到大自然的美景，所以如果你想欣賞大自然的美景，可以選擇這幅畫。故選B項。BMaryDickinshadbeenamemberoftheaudienceatpoetrynightsbeforeandknew“thepoetryclap”.Shemadeapolitetappingoffingers.Butwhenshemadeherdebut(首次演出)asaperformerattheageof62atthelegendaryBangSaidtheGunnightinsouthLondon,shesaid,“Itwassowild—likenothingIhadeverseenbefore.”Theaudiencestampedtheirfeetandshookshakers.“Itfelttransformative.Ithought,‘I’vegottohavemoreofthis,’”Dickinssaid.Becomingaperformancepoethasgivenheraplaceonastageofherownmaking.Allherlifeshehaswrittenismostlywithoutbeingseenorheard.Hermotherdiedwhenshewasnine,and,aftershewentintoacarehomeat13,Dickins’writingstayedinnotebooks.Really,shesays,alotofheradultlifehasbeenaboutgettingoverchildhoodshyness.Atuniversity—shestudiededucation—shemetherhusbandof40years,butinthreeyearsofseminarsshedidnotsayaword.Someoftheseresultsfromheryearsatthechildren’shome.Shesays,“Itgavemeasenseofwhatit’sliketobeexcluded.Ineverfittedinanywhere.”Aftershegraduated,shediscoveredthatshelovedworkingwithpeoplewithlearningdisabilities.Shebecameanexpertininclusiveeducation.“Thatwasmyniche(稱心的職業(yè)),”shesays.ShepublishedbooksandreturnedtotheUniversityofNorthLondonasaseniorlecturerinearlychildhoodstudies.Dickinsnowseesthatinadulthoodshehasbeengivingherselfpermissiontobesilly.“ThesillierIallowmyselftobe,thebetterthewritingis,”shesays.Herobservationsarehumorous.“Puttingthingsintowordsandgivingshapetoyouremotionsisanimportantpartofcomingtotermswiththethingsthathappeninlife,”shesays.Doesshestillfeellikeanoutsider?“IthinkI’vemadeitintoavirtue.IcelebratethefactthatIdon’tfitintoabox.Finally!Youhavetowaittillyou’re62tofeelconfident!”shesays.“ButIhaveasenseofwhoIamandI’mproudofit.Iwouldn’tbeanyoneelsenow—andittookmealongtimetosaythat.”24.HowdidDickinsfeelaboutherdebut?A.Nervous. B.Anxious. C.Encouraged. D.Relieved.25.WhywasDickinslackinginasenseofbelonging?A.Herearlystayatthecarehome.B.Herinexperiencedwritingskills.C.Herstrugglewithheruniversitystudies.D.Herpoorrelationshipwithherhusband.26.HowdoeswritingbenefitDickins?A.Ithelpsherlandagoodjob.B.Itdevelopshersenseofhumor.C.Itmakesherovercomeherlearningdisabilities.D.Itenableshertogetonwellwithherlife.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MaryDickins’FirstPerformanceB.MaryDickins’NewStartafter60C.MaryDickins’TroubledWritingCareerD.MaryDickins’InfluenceonPerformancePoets【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了MaryDickins在60歲以后成為一名表演詩人并由此重獲新生的故事?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Butwhenshemadeherdebut(首次演出)asaperformerattheageof62atthelegendaryBangSaidtheGunnightinsouthLondon,shesaid,“Itwassowild—likenothingIhadeverseenbefore.”(但當(dāng)她62歲時在倫敦南部傳奇的“槍炮之夜”上首次以表演者的身份亮相時，她說：“這太瘋狂了，我以前從未見過?！?”以及““Itfelttransformative.Ithought,‘I’vegottohavemoreofthis,’”Dickinssaid.Becomingaperformancepoethasgivenheraplaceonastageofherownmaking.(“我覺得這是一種變革。我想，‘我得多點這樣的表演，’”Dickins說。成為一名表演詩人讓她在自己創(chuàng)造的舞臺上占據(jù)了一席之地)”可知，Dickins首次作為表演者登臺時觀眾的反應(yīng)很瘋狂，這種體驗是她從未經(jīng)歷過的，但她很喜歡，成為表演詩人讓Dickins在舞臺上有了自己的一席之地。由此推知，當(dāng)Dickins第一次上臺表演詩歌后，觀眾的反應(yīng)使她大受鼓舞。故選C?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Atuniversity—shestudiededucation—shemetherhusbandof40years,butinthreeyearsofseminarsshedidnotsayaword.Someoftheseresultsfromheryearsatthechildren’shome.Shesays,“Itgavemeasenseofwhatit’sliketobeexcluded.Ineverfittedinanywhere.”(在大學(xué)里，她學(xué)習(xí)教育，遇到了相戀40年的丈夫，但在三年的研討會上，她一句話也沒說。其中一些是她在兒童之家工作多年的結(jié)果。她說：“這讓我明白了被排斥的感覺。我從來沒有融入過任何地方?！?”可知，Dickins在兒童之家生活多年的經(jīng)歷讓她覺得自己被排斥在外，在任何地方都格格不入，很沒有歸屬感。故選A?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段““Puttingthingsintowordsandgivingshapetoyouremotionsisanimportantpartofcomingtotermswiththethingsthathappeninlife,”shesays.(她說：“把事情用語言表達(dá)出來，塑造你的情緒，是接受生活中發(fā)生的事情的重要組成部分?！?”可推知，寫作使她更好地接納生活中發(fā)生的一切，讓她與自己的生活講和。故選D?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Butwhenshemadeherdebut(首次演出)asaperformerattheageof62atthelegendaryBangSaidtheGunnightinsouthLondon,shesaid,“Itwassowild—likenothingIhadeverseenbefore.”(但當(dāng)她62歲時在倫敦南部傳奇的“槍炮之夜”上首次以表演者的身份亮相時，她說：“這太瘋狂了，我以前從未見過。”)”是對Dickins在62歲時首次登臺演出的描寫，以及最后一段“Finally!Youhavetowaittillyou’re62tofeelconfident!”shesays.“ButIhaveasenseofwhoIamandI’mproudofit.Iwouldn’tbeanyoneelsenow—andittookmealongtimetosaythat.”(最后你必須等到62歲才有自信！”她說?！暗抑雷约菏钦l，我為此感到驕傲。我現(xiàn)在不會成為其他人了——我花了很長時間才這么說。”)”她提到自己通過寫作和表演克服害羞、找到自信可知，本文主要講述了MaryDickins在60歲以后成為一名表演詩人并由此重獲新生的故事。由此可知，A項“MaryDickins在60歲后的新開始”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。CArecentstudy,ledbyProfessorAndrewBarron,Dr.HaDiMaBouDi,andProfessorJamesMarshall,illustrateshowevolutionhasfine-tunedhoneybeestomakequickjudgmentswhileminimizingdanger.“Animallivesarefullofdecisions,”saysProfessorBarron.“Ahoneybeehasabrainsmallerthanasesame(芝麻)seed.Andyetitcanmakedecisionsfasterandmoreaccuratelythan’wecan.Arobotprogrammedtodoabee’sjobwouldneedthebackupofasupercomputer.”Beesneedtoworkquicklyandefficiently.Theyneedtomakedecisions.Whichflowerwillhaveasweetliquid?Whilethey’reflying,theyfacethreatsfromtheair.Whilelanding,they’revulnerabletopotentialhunter,someofwhichpretendtolooklikeflowers.Researcherstrained20beestoassociateeachofthefivedifferentcolored“flowerdisks”withtheirvisithistoryofrewardandpunishment.Blueflowersalwayshadsugarjuice.Greenflowersalwayshadatypeofliquidwithabittertasteforbees.Othercolorssometimeshadglucose(葡萄糖).“Thenweintroducedeachbeetoa‘garden’withartificial‘flowers’.Wefilmedeachbeeandtimedtheirdecision-makingprocess,”saysDr.MaBouDi.“Ifthebeeswereconfidentthataflowerwouldhavefood,theyquicklydecidedtolandonit,takinganaverageof0.6seconds.Iftheywereconfidentthataflowerwouldn’thavefood,theymadeadecisionjustasquickly.Ifunsure,theytookonaverage1.4seconds,andthetimereflectedtheprobabilitythataflowerhadfood.”Theteamthenbuiltacomputermodelmirroringthebees’decision-makingprocess.Theyfoundthestructureofthemodellookedverysimilartothephysicallayoutofabeebrain.“AIresearcherscanlearnmuchfrombeesandother‘simple’animals.Millionsofyearsofevolutionhasledtoincrediblyefficientbrainswithverylowpowerrequirements,”saysProfessorMarshallwhoco-foundedacompanythatusesinsectbrainpatternstoenablemachinestomoveautonomously,likenature.28.WhydoesProfessorAndrewBarronmention“asupercomputer”?A.Toillustratehowahoneybee’sbrainresembleeachother.B.Toexplainhowanimalsarriveatinformeddecisionsfast.C.Todemonstratehowarobotcouldfinishahoneybee’sjob.D.Toemphasizehowhoneybeesmakedecisionsremarkably.29.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“vulnerableto”underlinedinparagraph3?A.Easilyharmedby. B.Highlysensitiveto.C.Deeplycriticalto. D.Closelyfollowedby.30.Whatinfluencedthespeedoftrainedbeesinmakingdecisions?A.Theirjudgmentsaboutrewardandpunishment.B.Theirpreferenceforthecolorsofflowerdisks.C.Theirconfirmationoffood’spresenceandabsence.D.Theirabilitytotellrealflowersfromartificialones.31.WhatmessagedoesProfessorJamesMarshallwanttogiveus?A.Thepowerofbeebrainsisunderestimated. B.BiologycaninspirefutureAI.C.Autonomousmachinesarechangingnature. D.AIshouldbefarmoreefficient.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹一項新的研究揭示了蜜蜂如何在快速做出判斷的同時盡量減少危險。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，蜜蜂的決策速度和準(zhǔn)確性超過了人類，并且構(gòu)建了一個模擬蜜蜂決策過程的計算機(jī)模型。研究人員認(rèn)為，人工智能研究者可以從蜜蜂等“簡單”動物身上學(xué)到很多?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中安德魯·巴倫教授的話“Ahoneybeehasabrainsmallerthanasesame(芝麻)seed.Andyetitcanmakedecisionsfasterandmoreaccuratelythan’wecan.Arobotprogrammedtodoabee’sjobwouldneedthebackupofasupercomputer.(蜜蜂的大腦比芝麻還小。然而，它可以比我們更快、更準(zhǔn)確地做出決定。一個被編程來做蜜蜂工作的機(jī)器人需要超級計算機(jī)的支持)”可知，被編程來做蜜蜂工作的機(jī)器人需要超級計算機(jī)的支持才能完成工作。由此推知，安德魯·巴倫教授提到“超級計算機(jī)”是為了通過比較來強(qiáng)調(diào)蜜蜂卓越的決策能力。故選D項?！?9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線短語后“potentialhunter,someofwhichpretendtolooklikeflowers.(……潛在的獵人，其中一些偽裝成花朵)”可知，蜜蜂的敵人有巧妙的偽裝，由此推知，它們很容易受到傷害。劃線詞短語vulnerableto與同義easilyharmedby，意為“易受……的傷害或攻擊”。故選A項。【30題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Ifthebeeswereconfidentthataflowerwouldhavefood,theyquicklydecidedtolandonit,takinganaverageof0.6seconds.Iftheywereconfidentthataflowerwouldn’thavefood,theymadeadecisionjustasquickly.Ifunsure,theytookonaverage1.4seconds,andthetimereflectedtheprobabilitythataflowerhadfood.(如果蜜蜂確信一朵花上有食物，它們會迅速決定降落在花上，平均耗時0.6秒。如果它們確信一朵花沒有食物，它們也會很快做出決定。如果不確定，它們平均花費1.4秒，這個時間反映了花有食物的可能性)”可知，確認(rèn)有沒有食物影響了訓(xùn)練有素的蜜蜂做決定的速度。故選C項?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中詹姆斯·馬歇爾教授的話“AIresearcherscanlearnmuchfrombeesandother‘simple’animals.Millionsofyearsofevolutionhasledtoincrediblyefficientbrainswithverylowpowerrequirements(人工智能研究人員可以從蜜蜂和其他“簡單”動物身上學(xué)到很多東西。數(shù)百萬年的進(jìn)化造就了效率極高、能量需求極低的大腦)”可知，詹姆斯·馬歇爾教授想說的是生物學(xué)可以給未來的人工智能一些啟發(fā)。故選B項。DTwoyearsago,enormousfiressweptthroughsome46millionacresofforestinRussia,thecountry’sworstfireseasononrecord.Now,researchershaveaclearersenseofjusthowsignificantthe2021boreal(北方的)forestfireswereintermsofemissions.Thefiresproducedmoreplanet-heatingcarbondioxidethananyotherextremefireeventthathasoccurredsincetheturnofthe21stcentury,accordingtoastudy.Borealforestsgrowwhereitisverycold.Thetreesthatliveinthistypeofforestgrowslowlyandseal(封存)carbonintheirtrunksandrootsforhundredsofyears,comprisingacollectionoftrappedemissionsthatresearcherscallacarbonsink.Butrisingtemperaturesandrelateddroughtinthesehistoricallycoolregionshaveledtoanincreaseinextremewildfireactivityandthreatentoreleasethecarbonstoredinthetreesthatgrowthere,transformingacarbonsinkintoacarbonsource.Inall,firesinborealforestsreleasedthecarbonsinkandproducednearlyhalfabillionmetrictonsofcarbonin2021.That’smorecarbonthantheentirecontinentofAustraliaproducedthesameyear,thoughsomeoftheemissionsproducedbythefireswillbesuckedbackupasforestsregrow.Theresearchersobtainedthedatafortheirstudybytrackingconcentrationsofemissionsintheatmosphereusingsatellites,andthentheyputthatinformationintoacomputermodeltodeterminewhere,geographically,thoseemissionscamefrom.Theyfoundthatborealforests,whichtypicallyproduceabout10percentoftheglobe’sannualwildfireemissions,accountedfor23percentoftheworld’swildfireemissionsin2021—morethantwiceasmuchasnormal.Canadell,wholedthestudy,ismostconcernedaboutthestudy’smaintakeaway;Borealforestshaveservedanimportantandunderappreciatedroleinsequesteringcarbonemissions,butclimatechangethreatenstoreleasethatcarbon.“Weneedtobeverycarefulwiththesesystemsintermsoftheirfuturedevelopment.”hesaid.32.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph2?A.Toindicatetheseriousnessofthefire.B.Toillustratetwoscientificconcepts.C.Toexplainthesourceofcarbon.D.Toshowtheimportanceofborealforests.33.Howdidthescientistsgetneededdata?A.Bysearchingonthewebsite. B.Byemployingtechnology.C.Byanalyzingpreviousdata. D.Byturningtothefirefighters.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sequestering”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Stopping. B.Increasing. C.Monitoring. D.Assessing.35.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthetext?A.Thereasonsfortheforestfiresinthenorth.B.Theimpactofthe2021borealforestfires.C.Thelinkbetweenfiresandcarbondioxide.D.Theincreasinglygrowingcarbonemissions.【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是2021年北方森林大火造成的影響?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thefiresproducedmoreplanet-heatingcarbondioxidethananyotherextremefireeventthathasoccurredsincetheturnofthe21stcentury,accordingtoastudy.(根據(jù)一項研究，自21世紀(jì)之交以來，火災(zāi)產(chǎn)生的地球加熱二氧化碳比任何其他極端火災(zāi)事件都多)”及第二段“Borealforestsgrowwhereitisverycold.Thetreesthatliveinthistypeofforestgrowslowlyandsealcarbonintheirtrunksandrootsforhundredsofyears,comprisingacollectionoftrappedemissionsthatresearcherscallacarbonsink.(北方的森林生長在非常寒冷的地方。生活在這種類型的森林中的樹木生長緩慢，并在樹干和根部封存碳數(shù)百年，其中包括一組被捕獲的排放物，研究人員稱之為碳匯)”可知，文章首段提出北方森林大火造成了大量的碳排放，在第二段介紹了森林對碳的封存功能以及這些樹木內(nèi)的碳是如何釋放出來的。由此推知，第二段的目的是解釋北方森林大火為什么會造成大量的碳排放，即說明這些碳的來源。故選C項。【33題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theresearchersobtainedthedatafortheirstudybytrackingconcentrationsofemissionsintheatmosphereusingsatellites,andthentheyputthatinformationintoacomputermodeltodeterminewhere,geographically,thoseemissionscamefrom.(研究人員通過使用衛(wèi)星跟蹤大氣中的排放濃度來獲得研究數(shù)據(jù)，然后將這些信息輸入計算機(jī)模型，以確定這些排放在地理上來自何處)”可知，科學(xué)家在研究過程中使用了高科技來統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)。故選B項?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Butrisingtemperaturesandrelateddroughtinthesehistoricallycoolregionshaveledtoanincreaseinextremewildfireactivityandthreatentoreleasethecarbonstoredinthetreesthatgrowthere,transformingacarbonsinkintoacarbonsource.(但是，在這些歷史上涼爽的地區(qū)，氣溫上升和相關(guān)的干旱導(dǎo)致了極端野火活動的增加，并有可能釋放儲存在那里生長的樹木中的碳，將碳匯轉(zhuǎn)化為碳源)”以及第五段劃線詞后句中“butclimatechangethreatenstoreleasethatcarbon(但氣候變化有可能釋放這種碳)”可知，北方森林在隔離碳排放方面發(fā)揮了重要但未得到充分重視的作用。由此可知，劃線詞sequestering和stopping“阻止”意思相近。故選A項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Twoyearsago,enormousfiressweptthroughsome46millionacresofforestinRussia,thecountry’sworstfireseasononrecord.Now,researchershaveaclearersenseofjusthowsignificantthe2021boreal(北方的)forestfireswereintermsofemissions.(兩年前，大火席卷了俄羅斯約4600萬英畝的森林，這是該國有記錄以來最嚴(yán)重的火災(zāi)季節(jié)?，F(xiàn)在，研究人員對2021北方森林火災(zāi)在排放方面的重要性有了更清晰的認(rèn)識)”可知，文章主要介紹的是2021年北方森林大火造成的影響。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）Areyouthinkingaboutholidayingalone,butabitconcernedaboutthedangers?Youneedn’tworryifyouconsiderthesetipsfirst.1.SafetyUnlessyoupositivelyinvitedanger—i.e.wanderingaroundadarkparkat3a.m.withheadphoneson—travellingaloneisn’tactuallythatrisky.___36___Inthecaseoftakingtaxis,alwayskeeparecordoftheplatenumberandaskforanestimatedfarebeforesettingoff.YoushouldalsocarryyourIDcardwithyouandalwayskeepaback-up.Andmostimportantly,ensurethatsomeoneelseknowsyourrouteandkeepinregularcontactwiththem.2.PlanBeingalonemeansyoucan’tuseyourpartner’sphonewhenyoursrunsoutofjuice,orrelyonthemshouldyouloseyourwallet.___37___It’sagoodideatowritedownsomekeynumbersoffriends,hotelsandemergencyservicesbeforehand,andkeepsomeback-upmoneyinyourbag,justincase.3.EatingManysingletravelershaveafearofeatingalone.___38___Youcanbringabooktoavoidboredom,sitatcounterstobelessnoticeableorusetheopportunitytopracticeyourforeignlanguageonawaiter.4.Makingfriends___39___Thisisanothercommonconcernwhentravellingalone.Infact,acquir