2024-2025學(xué)年湖北省云學(xué)名校聯(lián)盟高二下學(xué)期3月月考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1湖北省云學(xué)名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期3月月考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADearFriendofScientificAmerican,TheastronomerwhoseresearchthrewourpreciousPlutooutoftheplanetsofoursolarsystemisseekingasubstitute.MikeBrownhopestorestoreournine-planetsystemwiththediscoveryofanotherplanet.IntheJanuaryissue,sciencewriterRobinGeorgeAndrewsdescribeshowahypotheticalorb,humorouslycalledPlanetNine,couldexplainastrangegravitationalforceintheoutersolarsystem.Severaloften-deadlyvirusesinhumanshavebeenlinkedtobats.ButwhywouldEarth’sonlyflyingmammaltransmittheattackofpathogens(病原體),andwhynow?BeijingsciencewriterJaneQiutellsofgroundbreakingresearchthatshowshowbats’uniqueimmunesystemsallowthemtocarryharmfulviruses.Recenthumandisturbanceoftheirecosystems,however,haspushedtheirimmunesystemstothebreakingpoint.Theresult?Batsarenowsheddingloadsofviruses,someofwhichhoptohumans.Ifyou’reinterestedindreaming,don’tmissthefeaturebyMichelleCarr,whoseresearchsuggestssuchdreamerscancommunicatewiththewakingworld.Usingnewtechnologies,thiscommunicationcouldallowscientiststoengineeraperson’sdreamsandleadtobettersleepandevenimprovedwell-being.IhopeyouenjoytheissueasmuchasIhave!Bestwishes,JeannaBrynerActingEditorinChief1.WhatcanweknowfromJaneQiu’sdescription?A.Humanshavebroughtdamagetoecosystems. B.Deadlyvirusesinhumansareallfrombats.C.Batshavemoreadvancedimmunesystems. D.Batscansurviveinallsortsofecosystems.2.Whoseresearchcandirectlybenefithuman’shealth?A.MikeBrown. B.RobinGeorgeAndrews.C.JaneQiu. D.MichelleCarr.3.What’sthepurposeofthisletter?A.Topublicizethelatestresearches. B.Tointroducethenewestissue.C.Toadvertiseforsubscription. D.Toattractreaders’attention.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文以一封信的形式向讀者介紹最新一期的ScientificAmerican的大概內(nèi)容?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Recenthumandisturbanceoftheirecosystems,however,haspushedtheirimmunesystemstothebreakingpoint.(然而，最近人類(lèi)對(duì)它們生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的干擾已經(jīng)將它們的免疫系統(tǒng)推向了崩潰的邊緣)”可知，人類(lèi)給生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)了破壞。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Usingnewtechnologies,thiscommunicationcouldallowscientiststoengineeraperson’sdreamsandleadtobettersleepandevenimprovedwell-being.(利用新技術(shù)，這種交流可以讓科學(xué)家們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)人的夢(mèng)，從而改善睡眠，甚至提高幸福感)”可知，MichelleCarr對(duì)人的健康有益。故選D。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“IhopeyouenjoytheissueasmuchasIhave!(我希望你和我一樣喜歡這個(gè)問(wèn)題！)”以及本文以一封信的形式向讀者介紹最新一期的ScientificAmerican的大概內(nèi)容。可知這封信的主要目的是介紹最新一期的ScientificAmerican雜志內(nèi)容。故選B。BOnabusymorninginMayat10am,72-year-oldHanDengbuandhiswifeweregettingreadytoheadbackhomeontheirthree-wheeler,orSanbengzi.“Whenweboughtit,itcostabout3,000yuan($414).Weusedittopickupthekidsandforfarming.Now,weuseittospraypesticidesontheseedlingsinthevillage,”Hansaid,“Justtwistthehandle,anditgoes.”InManglingtown,YanshidistrictinLuoyang,Henanprovince,it’scommonforeveryhouseholdtoownatleastonetricycle.Injustafewminutes,onecanseedozensoftricycleswhizzingby.Sanbengzigotitsnamefromtheactionofthedriverstandingonthepedalsofthetricycletorideonbumpyroads,appearingasiftheywerejumping.Thehumblevehicleisnowgrowinginpopularityoverseas.AChinesevideobloggerintheUnitedStatesshippedanelectrictricyclefromChinaforherfather-in-law.Thetricyclebecameaviralhit,withlocalsshootingphotosandattractedbyit.Someevenofferedtobuyit.Theiconic“reverse,pleasebecareful...”warningsoundhasechoedonforeignstreets,andcontentfeaturingthetricycleshastakenshort-videoplatformsbystorm.EvenHuaChunying,vice-ministerofForeignMinistry,andXieFeng,China’sambassadortotheUS,havepromotedthemonsocialmedia.Zhufeng,aleadingmanufacturerinYanshi,wasoneofthefirsttobeginexportingtricycles.In2011,uponhearingaboutthethrivingtwo-wheelerexportbusinessincoastalareaslikeGuangzhouinGuangdongprovince,thecompanytookitstricyclestotheCantonFairtotryandentertheoverseasmarket.Atthefair,therewereonlyoneortwothree-wheelermanufacturers,andbeinganexclusivesupplierhelpeditsecureforeignbuyers.Meanwhile,asenvironmentalconcernsrise,electricthree-wheelers,offeringenergy-efficientandlow-carbontransportation,areconsistentwiththeglobaltrendtowardlow-carbondevelopment.4.What’stheadvantageofSanbengziaccordingtoHanDengbu?A.It’seco-friendly. B.It’scost-effective.C.It’shighly-efficient. D.It’seasily-operated.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthetricycle’spopularityoverseas?A.Tricyclesquicklytookupforeignstreets.B.Thevehicledeeplyimpressedthelocals.C.Socialplatformsmadetricycleseasytoaccess.D.Manypeoplewerewarnedbytheiconicsound.6.WhywasZhufengabletoattractforeignbuyers?A.Becausetheexportbusinesswasbooming. B.Becauseitcouldmass-producetricycles.C.Becausetricycleswererareatthefair. D.Becausetheenvironmentwasvalued.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleofthisarticle?A.Sanbengzi:ANewWayofTransportation B.Tricycles:OntheFastRoadtoGlobalSuccessC.Zhufeng:ALeadingManufacturerofTricycles D.Tricycles:ASolutiontoEnvironmentalIssues【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述三輪車(chē)從中國(guó)遠(yuǎn)銷(xiāo)海外?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Injustafewminutes,onecanseedozensoftricycleswhizzingby.(只要擰一下手柄，它就可以了。)”可知，三輪車(chē)只要擰一下就可以操作，即操作簡(jiǎn)單。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Thetricyclebecameaviralhit,withlocalsshootingphotosandattractedbyit.Someevenofferedtobuyit.(這輛三輪車(chē)迅速走紅，當(dāng)?shù)厝思娂娕恼詹⒈凰Ｓ行┤松踔撂岢鲆I(mǎi)。)”可知，三輪車(chē)的深深吸引當(dāng)?shù)厝?，令他們印象深刻。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Atthefair,therewereonlyoneortwothree-wheelermanufacturers,andbeinganexclusivesupplierhelpeditsecureforeignbuyers.(在展會(huì)上，只有一兩家三輪車(chē)制造商，作為獨(dú)家供應(yīng)商幫助它獲得了外國(guó)買(mǎi)家。)”可知，Zhufeng能吸引外國(guó)買(mǎi)家因?yàn)槿嗆?chē)在展會(huì)上很少見(jiàn)。故選C?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Meanwhile,asenvironmentalconcernsrise,electricthree-wheelers,offeringenergy-efficientandlow-carbontransportation,areconsistentwiththeglobaltrendtowardlow-carbondevelopment.(同時(shí)，隨著人們對(duì)環(huán)境問(wèn)題的關(guān)注，電動(dòng)三輪車(chē)作為一種節(jié)能低碳的交通工具，符合全球低碳發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。)”可知，文章主要介紹了三輪車(chē)受到海外顧客的歡迎，遠(yuǎn)銷(xiāo)海外走向全球。故選BCMindlesslydumpingphotosonthecloudandforgettingaboutthementirelyissomethingmanyofusareguiltyof——buttechexpertshavewarnedthecommonhabitmayendupcostingusafortune.ResearchfrompCloudsuggeststheaveragepersonstoresahuge500GBofdataintheirpersonalcloudstorage,whichequals137,237pictures,andasharpleapfromadecadeago,wheretheaverageuserhad630photosand24videosstoredontheirphone.“Thinkaboutit——howmanyofthephotosonyourphonedoyouactuallylookat?”asksBrendaBeltránofHolafly.Backtwenty-fiveyearsago,allourstoragewassomewhattangible.CDs,DVDs,printedimagesetc.tookupactualroominourhomes,andwhenitfeltlikewe’dcollectedtoomuch-we’dsimplygetrid.Butwithserviceslikethecloud,thatinstincthasseeminglydisappeared.“Butit’snotfree,eitherforyourwalletortheplanet,”warnsBrenda.“Datacentrestakeupalotofenergy,andwhilecompanieslikeGoogleareworkingonmakingthemgreener,thevolumeofstuffbeingstoredisincredible.”Theveryideaofpayingtoaccessyourownphotosandvideoswouldoncesoundludicrous,butthecommercializationofdigitalstoragehasveryquicklybecomenormalised.Mostdatastorageservicesnowchargeamonthlyfee,whichmeansyou’reforeverindebtifyouwanttokeepyourphotosandvideos.“Thistrendwillcontinue,andit’sgoingtoforcepeopletorethinkwhat’sworthkeeping,”predictsTaimurIjlal,atechexpert.JamesBore,asecurityprofessional,agreesandsaysthatmoststoragecompanieshavebeenfundedforyearsby“heavyinvestments”.“Nowthatpeoplehavemuchoftheirdigitallivesstoredwiththeseplatforms,theyexpecttogettheirinvestmentback,”headded.“Thecarbonfootprintresultingfromdatastorageismainlyduetotheenergyconsumptionrequiredinpoweringthedatacentresthatstoremassivevolumesofinformation,”saidJacobKalvo,CEOofLiveProxics.“Thesecentresrelyheavilyonelectricity.”Aselectricitybecomesmoreandmoreexpensive,thecostsofrunningdatacentreswillalsoincrease——onceagainputtingthefinancialimpactontotheconsumer.8.WhatcanweknowfromthefiguresinParagraph2?A.Peopletakemorephotosthanbefore. B.Mostofthephotosstoredareuseless.C.Phonesnowhavepowerfulfunctions. D.Morespaceisneededfordatastorage.9.What’sBrenda’sattitudetowardsthecloudstorageservices?A.Favourable. B.Tolerant. C.Critical. D.Ambiguous.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)udicrous”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Ridiculous. B.Idealistic. C.Expensive. D.Unavoidable.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Consumershavetorethinkstoragemethods.B.Carbonfootprintcauseslowelectricityfees.C.Moststoragecompaniesmakenoprofitnow.D.Datacenterscanprocessmassiveinformation.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述技術(shù)專(zhuān)家們警告，我們將數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)到云存儲(chǔ)中的習(xí)以為常的行為很有可能會(huì)需要花費(fèi)我們一大筆錢(qián)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ResearchfrompCloudsuggeststheaveragepersonstoresahuge500GBofdataintheirpersonalcloudstorage,whichequals137,237pictures,andasharpleapfromadecadeago,wheretheaverageuserhad630photosand24videosstoredontheirphone.

(pCloud的研究表明，平均每個(gè)人在他們的個(gè)人云存儲(chǔ)中存儲(chǔ)了500GB的數(shù)據(jù)，這相當(dāng)于137,237張照片，與十年前相比，這是一個(gè)巨大的飛躍，當(dāng)時(shí)用戶(hù)平均在手機(jī)上存儲(chǔ)630張照片和24個(gè)視頻)”可知，我們的手機(jī)目前存儲(chǔ)大量的數(shù)據(jù)，即需要更多空間來(lái)存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Butwithserviceslikethecloud,thatinstincthasseeminglydisappeared.“Butit’snotfree,eitherforyourwalletortheplanet,”warnsBrenda.(但有了云這樣的服務(wù)，這種本能似乎已經(jīng)消失了?！暗皇敲赓M(fèi)的，無(wú)論是對(duì)你的錢(qián)包還是對(duì)地球，”布倫達(dá)警告說(shuō))”可知，布倫達(dá)認(rèn)為云服務(wù)需要花錢(qián)，并對(duì)地球有害，因此他對(duì)云服務(wù)的態(tài)度是批判的。故選C?！?0題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段劃線處下文“butthecommercializationofdigitalstoragehasveryquicklybecomenormalised.(但數(shù)字存儲(chǔ)的商業(yè)化很快就變得常態(tài)化了)”可知，當(dāng)下數(shù)字存儲(chǔ)商業(yè)化是常見(jiàn)的現(xiàn)象，作者在這里通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)折的含義與上文進(jìn)行對(duì)比，因此推斷劃線單詞的含義是“不常見(jiàn)的，不合理的，荒唐的”。故選A。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Nowthatpeoplehavemuchoftheirdigitallivesstoredwiththeseplatforms,theyexpecttogettheirinvestmentback,”headded.(他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“現(xiàn)在人們把自己的大部分?jǐn)?shù)字生活存儲(chǔ)在這些平臺(tái)上，他們希望收回投資?！?”可知，數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)公司希望回收投資，即目前還沒(méi)有盈利。故選C。DViruses—particularlyRNAvirusessuchasSARS-CoV-2—constantlyevolve(進(jìn)化)byincreasingnewmutations(突變).Someofthesechangesareadvantageoustothevirus,allowingvariantstoescapehostimmunityandspreadrapidly.Bypredictinghowaviruswillevolve,researcherscould,intheory,designvaccinesandantiviraltreatmentsaheadoftime.Inthepast,researchershaveconductedlaboratoryexperimentstoidentifyvariants,butthesearelaboriousandtime-consuming.Somegroupshavedevelopedexperimentsinvestigatinghowindividualmutationsaffectavirus’sabilitytoescapedetectionbyantibodies.Theseexperimentscanexplainalargeamountofviralevolution,butnotallofit.ThearrivalofAI-basedprotein-structurepredictiontools—suchasESM-2andESMFoldcreatedbyMeta(formerlyFacebook)—hasbroughtnewenergytothefield.AItoolsrequirevastamountsofdatatobeabletopredictviralevolution.ThemasssequencingofSARS-CoV-2,thevirusthatcausesCOVID-19,hasmadethispossible,saysJumpeiIto,abioinformaticianattheUniversityofTokyo.Ito’sgroupisfocusingontheabilityofvariantstospreadrapidlyinapopulation,andeventuallydominatc.TherescarchersusedESM-2tocreateamodelcalledCoVFit,whichistrainedon13,643SARS-CoV-2variantsandcanpredicttherelativefitnessofSARS-CoV-2variants.UsingCoVFit,therestrictedmodeltrainedusingvariantdatauptoAugust2022,Ito’steamfoundthatitsuccessfullypredictedtheimprovedfitnessofcertainvariantsafterthatcut-off—includingXBB5,anovelvariantthattookholdlaterthatyear.Intheoryviruseshavealmostinfiniteroomtoevolve,saysIto.Forexample,theOmicronvariantarrivedonthescenewithmorethan50mutations,lookinglikenothingresearchershadseenbefore.Thesesuddenevolutionaryleapsarehardtopredict.DavidRobertson,avirologist,andhiscolleaguesaretryingtofindwaysofusingAImodelstobetterunderstandthesevastevolutionaryleapsanddeterminetheirlimits.“Itkindoffeelslikedarkmagic,”saysRobertson.Thegoal,hesays,istobeabletoworkouthowmuchroomthereisforavirustoevolveafteritsdetectioninpeople.12.Whydovirusesincreasenewmutations?A.Toavoidbeingdetected. B.Tospreaddiseasetohosts.C.Tohelpdesigntreatments. D.Toformnumerousvariants.13.WhatmaycontributetoAItools’predictivepower?A.ESM-2createdbyMeta. B.Laboratoryexperiments.C.AImodels’greataccuracy. D.DataprovidedbyCOVID-19.14.WhatcanweknowaboutCoVFit?A.ItreceivedtrainingfromESM-2. B.Ithelpedidentifyanovelvirus.C.Ituseddatacollectedfrom2022. D.Itmadesomeprecisepredictions.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.Virusescanevolveintocountlessvariants. B.UsingAImodelsislimitedandinadequate.C.Studyingviralevolutionhasalongwaytogo. D.Understandingviralmutationsisamagictrick.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了病毒不斷進(jìn)化增加新突變，AI工具可預(yù)測(cè)病毒進(jìn)化，如CoVFit模型有一定預(yù)測(cè)能力，但研究病毒進(jìn)化仍面臨挑戰(zhàn)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Viruses—particularlyRNAvirusessuchasSARS-CoV-2—constantlyevolve(進(jìn)化)byincreasingnewmutations(突變).Someofthesechangesareadvantageoustothevirus,allowingvariantstoescapehostimmunityandspreadrapidly.(病毒，特別是RNA病毒，如SARS-CoV-2，通過(guò)增加新的突變不斷進(jìn)化。這些變化中的一些對(duì)病毒是有利的，使變種能夠逃脫宿主的免疫并迅速傳播)”可知，病毒增加新突變是為了避免被宿主免疫系統(tǒng)檢測(cè)到。故選A項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“AItoolsrequirevastamountsofdatatobeabletopredictviralevolution.

ThemasssequencingofSARSCoV2,thevirusthatcausesCOVID19,hasmadethispossible,saysJumpeiIto,abioinformaticianattheUniversityofTokyo.(人工智能工具需要大量的數(shù)據(jù)才能預(yù)測(cè)病毒的進(jìn)化。東京大學(xué)的生物信息學(xué)家伊藤純平說(shuō)，導(dǎo)致新冠肺炎的新冠病毒的大規(guī)模測(cè)序使這成為可能)”可知，由新冠病毒提供的數(shù)據(jù)有助于AI工具的預(yù)測(cè)能力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“UsingCoVFit,therestrictedmodeltrainedusingvariantdatauptoAugust2022,Ito’steamfoundthatitsuccessfullypredictedtheimprovedfitnessofcertainvariantsafterthatcutoff—includingXBB5,anovelvariantthattookholdlaterthatyear.(伊藤的團(tuán)隊(duì)使用CoVFit(一個(gè)使用截至2022年8月的變種數(shù)據(jù)訓(xùn)練的受限模型)發(fā)現(xiàn)，它成功預(yù)測(cè)了截止日期之后某些變種適應(yīng)性的提高——包括XBB5，這是當(dāng)年晚些時(shí)候出現(xiàn)的一種新變種)”可知，CoVFit做出了一些準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測(cè)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Intheoryviruseshavealmostinfiniteroomtoevolve,saysIto.(伊藤說(shuō)，理論上，病毒幾乎有無(wú)限的進(jìn)化空間)”和“Thesesuddenevolutionaryleapsarehardtopredict.DavidRobertson,avirologist,andhiscolleaguesaretryingtofindwaysofusingAImodelstobetterunderstandthesevastevolutionaryleapsanddeterminetheirlimits.(這些突然的進(jìn)化飛躍很難預(yù)測(cè)。病毒學(xué)家大衛(wèi)·羅伯遜和他的同事們正試圖找到利用人工智能模型更好地理解這些巨大進(jìn)化飛躍并確定其極限的方法)”可知，最后一段告訴我們，突然的進(jìn)化仍很難預(yù)測(cè)，所以研究病毒進(jìn)化還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AstheUKpreparesforcoldwindsandsnow,it’stimetodigoutthewinterwardrobe.Butwhilewe’reputtingonwarmclothes,___16___BritishbrandJouleshasteamedupwithcleaningexpertSarahDempseytodishoutsometoptipsoncoatcare.Surprisingly,astudybyJoulesfoundthat20percentofBritsonlygivetheircoatsawashonceannually.___17___Sarahisn’tshockedthough;sheknowscoatcleaningcanbetricky.___18___Weshouldconsiderthematerial,colour,fibrecontent,howfrequentlywewearitandhowit’sbeenstoredsinceitwaslastworn.Aswetendtowearlayersinthewinterandourcoatsaretheoutermostlayer,theywillbeaffectedbytheweather,gettingwetintherain,andpickinguppollutantsanddirtthroughwearovertheseason.___19___Forwoolcoats,Sarahsuggestsonecleaningsessionperseason,whichcanbedonewhenyoubringyourcoatoutforwinter.Sheexplains,“Woolisdescribedasaself-cleaningmaterialasitcontainskeratin(角蛋白),whichkillsodour-causingbacteria.Ifyourwoolcoatgetswet,makesuretoairdryitthoroughlyoritwillendupsmellingmusty.”Leathercoats,ontheotherhand,mayrequiretwocleaningseachseasonandawipe-downbetweenprofessionalcleans.Leathercaneasilybedamagedbyabuild-upofdirtandpollutants,soitneedstobecleanedmoreregularly.___20___AccordingtoSarah,forbestgradeleather,asimplewipedownwithaclothandsomedetergent(洗滌劑)shouldbeenough.A.Shesuggestsdividingitintoseveralsteps.B.Sheadvisesthatitdependonseveralfactors.C.whatmethodscanweusetocleanthesewarmers?D.howoftenshouldwebewashingthesewinterwarmers?E.Thetypeofleathercanalsoaffecthowyoucleanyourcoat.F.Evenmoreshocking,17percentadmittheyneverwashtheircoatsatall.G.Whenitcomestocleaningyourcoat,thefrequencywilldependonthefabric.【答案】16.D17.F18.B19.G20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了英國(guó)品牌Joules與清潔專(zhuān)家SarahDempsey合作，給出了一些外套護(hù)理的頂級(jí)建議，介紹了不同材質(zhì)外套的清洗頻率和方法?！?6題詳析】下文“BritishbrandJouleshasteamedupwithcleaningexpertSarahDempseytodishoutsometoptipsoncoatcare.(英國(guó)品牌Joules與清潔專(zhuān)家SarahDempsey合作，給出了一些外套護(hù)理的頂級(jí)建議)”表明后文會(huì)圍繞外套護(hù)理建議展開(kāi)，結(jié)合下文提到清洗頻率等內(nèi)容，D選項(xiàng)“howoftenshouldwebewashingthesewinterwarmers?(我們應(yīng)該多久清洗一次這些冬季保暖衣物呢？)”引出了關(guān)于外套清洗頻率這一話題，與后文內(nèi)容銜接緊密。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】上文“Surprisingly,astudybyJoulesfoundthat20percentofBritsonlygivetheircoatsawashonceannually.(令人驚訝的是，Joules的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，20%的英國(guó)人每年只洗一次外套)”提到部分英國(guó)人外套清洗頻率低，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Evenmoreshocking,17percentadmittheyneverwashtheircoatsatall.(更令人震驚的是，17%的人承認(rèn)他們根本不洗外套)”進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明還有一部分人外套清洗頻率更低，與上文構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，突出了外套清洗不頻繁這一現(xiàn)象。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】下文“Weshouldconsiderthematerial,colour,fibrecontent,howfrequentlywewearitandhowit’sbeenstoredsinceitwaslastworn.(我們應(yīng)該考慮材質(zhì)、顏色、纖維含量、我們穿它的頻率以及自上次穿過(guò)后它是如何存放的)”列舉了影響外套清洗的因素，B選項(xiàng)“Sheadvisesthatitdependonseveralfactors.(她建議這取決于幾個(gè)因素)”引出下文這些影響因素，與下文內(nèi)容邏輯緊密。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】下文“Forwoolcoats,Sarahsuggestsonecleaningsessionperseason,whichcanbedonewhenyoubringyourcoatoutforwinter.(對(duì)于羊毛外套，Sarah建議每個(gè)季節(jié)清洗一次，可以在你拿出外套準(zhǔn)備過(guò)冬時(shí)進(jìn)行)”說(shuō)明了羊毛材質(zhì)外套的清洗頻率，是對(duì)G選項(xiàng)“Whenitcomestocleaningyourcoat,thefrequencywilldependonthefabric.(說(shuō)到清洗你的外套，頻率將取決于面料)”中外套清洗頻率取決于面料這一觀點(diǎn)的舉例說(shuō)明，上下文內(nèi)容邏輯連貫。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】上文“Leathercaneasilybedamagedbyabuildupofdirtandpollutants,soitneedstobecleanedmoreregularly.(皮革很容易因污垢和污染物的積累而受損，所以需要更頻繁地清洗)”在講皮外套的清洗情況，下文“AccordingtoSarah,forbestgradeleather,asimplewipedownwithaclothandsomedetergent(洗滌劑)shouldbeenough.(據(jù)Sarah說(shuō)，對(duì)于頂級(jí)皮革，用一塊布和一些洗滌劑簡(jiǎn)單擦拭就足夠了)”具體說(shuō)明頂級(jí)皮革的清洗方法，E選項(xiàng)“Thetypeofleathercanalsoaffecthowyoucleanyourcoat.(皮革的類(lèi)型也會(huì)影響你清洗外套的方式)”承上啟下，引出不同類(lèi)型皮革清洗方式不同這一內(nèi)容。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Longago,peopledidnothaveFire,withoutwhichtheyatetheirmeat___21___andhadtoendurethecoldinwinter.Oneicycoldwinter,thepeoplebeggedCoyote(叢林狼)to___22___Firefromtheskookums,threeevilsisterswholivedhighonamountainandtookturnstowatchit.ThatnightCoyoteclimbedtothetopofthe___23___mountainfromwherehespottedFireinthedistance.Moving___24___,hesawoneoftheskookumssittinginfrontofahouse,warmingherselfbyFire.Afterawhile,thesecondsisterappearedandtookherplace.Whenthelastsisterwascalled,onlyyawnsandcomplaints___25___outside.Quickasanarrow,Coyoteracedintotheopen,seizedaburningstickandranacrossthesnowyfield.Twoskookumsbegan___26___Coyoteandthrowingiceandsnowathim.Coyote’slegmovedfast,hisfeet___27___touchingtheground.AtlastCoyotereachedathicketofshrubsandfellontotheground___28___.Justatthemoment,withallhis___29___,hethrewtheflamingtorchwhich_____30_____atinyhotcoalintheair.Frogjumpeduphigh,swallowedthe_____31_____,slippedintoariverandswamtotheotherside.HespitoutthecoalanditlandedonWood.Wood_____32_____it.Helplessly,theskookumsturnedbackandreturnedhometotheirstill_____33_____sister.Meanwhile,gatheringallthepeopletostandinacirclearoundWood,CoyotebeganrubbingtwopiecesofWoodtogether.Minutespassing,sparksflewup._____34_____,FireslippedoutofWood,theflamesdancinghigherandhigher,andpeoplecamecloser,smilingwhentheyfeltFire’s_____35_____.21.A.mature B.fake C.purified D.raw22.A.protect B.capture C.occupy D.clarify23.A.snow-covered B.man-made C.weed-filled D.forest-capped24.A.higher B.closer C.faster D.tighter25.A.responded B.recovered C.failed D.floated26.A.grabbing B.slapping C.chasing D.striking27.A.directly B.casually C.barely D.randomly28.A.focused B.confused C.surprised D.exhausted29.A.might B.will C.dedication D.inspiration30.A.madeup B.turnedinto C.heldback D.waitedfor31.A.branch B.stick C.snow D.coal32.A.consumed B.choked C.abstracted D.anticipated33.A.blaming B.sleeping C.praying D.weeping34.A.Strangely B.Hopefully C.Eventually D.Actually35.A.temper B.warmth C.comfort D.involvement【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.B25.D26.C27.C28.D29.A30.B31.D32.A33.B34.C35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了叢林狼（Coyote）如何從三個(gè)邪惡的姐妹（skookums）那里偷取火種，帶給人類(lèi)溫暖和光明的故事。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很久以前，人們沒(méi)有火，沒(méi)有火，他們吃生肉，不得不在冬天忍受寒冷。A.mature成熟的；B.fake假的；C.purified純凈的；D.raw生的。根據(jù)上文“Longago,peopledidnothaveFire”可知，很久以前人們沒(méi)有火，因此只能吃生肉。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個(gè)冰冷的冬天，人們懇求叢林狼從skookums那里捕獲火，skookums是住在山上三個(gè)邪惡的姐妹，她們輪流看守火。A.protect保護(hù)；B.capture捕獲；C.occupy占領(lǐng)；D.clarify澄清。根據(jù)下文“Coyoteracedintotheopen,seizedaburningstickandranacrossthesnowyfield”可知，人們懇求叢林狼從skookums那里偷（捕獲）來(lái)火。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，叢林狼爬上了白雪皚皚的山頂，從那里他看到了遠(yuǎn)處的火。A.snow-covered被雪覆蓋的；B.man-made人造的；C.weed-filled雜草叢生的；D.forest-capped森林覆蓋的。根據(jù)上文“Oneicycoldwinter”可知，是在一個(gè)冰冷的冬天，因此山頂被雪覆蓋。故選A。【24題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：走得更近一些，他看到其中一個(gè)skookum坐在房子前面，在火邊取暖。A.higher更高地；B.closer更近地；C.faster更快地；D.tighter更緊地。根據(jù)下文“hesawoneoftheskookumssittinginfrontofahouse,warmingherselfbyFire”可知，他看到了其中一個(gè)skookum，說(shuō)明他走得更近了。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)最后一個(gè)姐妹被叫到時(shí)，外面只有打哈欠和抱怨的聲音飄進(jìn)來(lái)。A.responded回應(yīng)；B.recovered恢復(fù)；C.failed失?。籇.floated漂浮。根據(jù)下文“outside”可知，打哈欠和抱怨的聲音是從外面飄進(jìn)來(lái)的。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個(gè)skookum開(kāi)始追趕叢林狼，并向他扔冰雪。A.grabbing抓?。籅.slapping拍打；C.chasing追趕；D.striking打擊。根據(jù)上文“Coyoteracedintotheopen,seizedaburningstickandranacrossthesnowyfield”可知，叢林狼偷走了火，因此兩個(gè)skookum開(kāi)始追趕他。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：叢林狼的腿跑得很快，他的腳幾乎沒(méi)有碰到地面。A.directly直接地；B.casually隨意地；C.barely幾乎不；D.randomly隨機(jī)地。根據(jù)上文“Coyote’slegmovedfast”可知，叢林狼跑得很快，因此他的腳幾乎沒(méi)有碰到地面。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，叢林狼跑到一片灌木叢，筋疲力盡地倒在地上。A.focused專(zhuān)注的；B.confused困惑的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.exhausted筋疲力盡的。根據(jù)上文“AtlastCoyotereachedathicketofshrubsandfellontotheground”可知，叢林狼最后倒在地上，說(shuō)明他筋疲力盡了。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時(shí)，他用盡全力把火把扔了出去，火把在空中變成了一塊小小的熾熱煤炭。A.might力量；B.will意志；C.dedication奉獻(xiàn)；D.inspiration靈感。根據(jù)下文“hethrewtheflamingtorch”可知，叢林狼用盡全力把火把扔了出去。此處might用作名詞，表示“力量”。故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：就在這時(shí)，他用盡全力把火把扔了出去，火把在空中變成了一塊小小的熾熱煤炭。A.madeup組成；B.turnedinto變成；C.heldback隱瞞；D.waitedfor等待。根據(jù)下文“atinyhotcoalintheair”可知，火把在空中變成了一塊小小的熾熱煤炭。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：青蛙跳得很高，吞下了那塊煤，滑進(jìn)河里，游到了對(duì)岸。A.branch樹(shù)枝；B.stick棍子；C.snow雪；D.coal煤炭。根據(jù)上文“atinyhotcoalintheair”可知，空中有一塊小小的熾熱煤炭，因此青蛙吞下了這塊煤炭。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：木頭點(diǎn)燃了它。A.consumed消耗，點(diǎn)燃；B.choked窒息；C.abstracted抽象化；D.anticipated預(yù)料。根據(jù)下文“FireslippedoutofWood”可知，火從木頭中迸發(fā)出來(lái)，說(shuō)明木頭點(diǎn)燃了煤炭。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：無(wú)奈地，skookums轉(zhuǎn)身回家，回到他們?nèi)匀辉谒X(jué)的姐妹身邊。A.blaming責(zé)備；B.sleeping睡覺(jué)；C.praying祈禱；D.weeping哭泣。根據(jù)上文“Whenthelastsisterwascalled,onlyyawnsandcomplaints______outside.”可知，最后一個(gè)姐妹被叫到時(shí)，外面只有打哈欠和抱怨的聲音，說(shuō)明她還在睡覺(jué)。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，火從木頭中迸發(fā)出來(lái)，火焰越燒越高，人們靠得更近了，當(dāng)他們感受到火的溫暖時(shí)，臉上露出了笑容。A.Strangely奇怪地；B.Hopefully有希望地；C.Eventually最終；D.Actually實(shí)際上。根據(jù)下文“FireslippedoutofWood”可知，火最終從木頭中迸發(fā)出來(lái)。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，火從木頭中迸發(fā)出來(lái)，火焰越燒越高，人們靠得更近了，當(dāng)他們感受到火的溫暖時(shí)，臉上露出了笑容。A.temper脾氣；B.warmth溫暖；C.comfort安慰；D.involvement參與。根據(jù)上文“peopledidnothaveFire,withoutwhichtheyatetheirmeat______andhadtoendurethecoldinwinter”可知，人們之前沒(méi)有火，只能吃生肉，忍受寒冷，因此當(dāng)他們感受到火的溫暖時(shí)，臉上露出了笑容。故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Therecent“chewablethickyogurt”hasbecomeaviralsensationonline,claimingtobe“themoreyouchew,the___36___(addict)youwillbe.”Manynetizensjoke,“Youhavetostretchyourneckreallylongwhen___37___(swallow),”and“Afterfinishingthisyogurt,youmightgrow___38___eight-pack!”.TheGreekcoldbrewyogurthasmostofitswheyremovedthroughaprocessofrestingandfiltering(過(guò)濾),resultinginan___39___(exceptional)thickandcreamytexturesimilartoicecreamorcream.Itcan___40___(understand)asatypeof“concentrated”yogurt.___41___yogurtfiltrationmayseemsimple,itrequiresahighlevelofprecision.Homemadeyogurtmaycarrytheriskofbacterialcontamination,thesignificantconsequenceof___42___isListeria,abacteriumthatcansurvivewithinatemperaturerangeof5to45℃.If___43___(infect)withListeria,individualsmayexperiencecommonphysicaldiscomfortsuchasnausea,vomiting,abdominalpain,anddiarrhea.___44___healthandsafety,it’sbesttochoosestore-boughtitemsthatmeethygienestandards.Ifyoumakea_____45_____(determine)tomakeyourown,bemindfulofthequalityofingredientsandthecleanlinessoftheenvironmentduringthecookingprocess.【答案】36.moreaddicted37.swallowing38.an39.exceptionally40.beunderstood41.Though/Although/While42.which43.infected44.For45.determination【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了全網(wǎng)爆火的“干噎酸奶”以及制作時(shí)的注意事項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查比較級(jí)。句意：近日，一款“干噎酸奶”在網(wǎng)上走紅，號(hào)稱(chēng)“越嚼越上癮”。此處作表語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用形容詞addicted，且為句型the+比較級(jí)……，the+比較級(jí)……，在前面加more。故填moreaddicted。【37題詳析】考查省略句。句意：許多網(wǎng)友開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)，“吞咽的時(shí)候脖子要伸得很長(zhǎng)”，“喝完這杯酸奶，你可能會(huì)長(zhǎng)出八塊腹?。　贝颂帪闋钫Z(yǔ)從句的省略，從句省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，且為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填swallowing。【38題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：許多網(wǎng)友開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō)，“吞咽的時(shí)候脖子要伸得很長(zhǎng)”，“喝完這杯酸奶，你可能會(huì)長(zhǎng)出八塊腹??！”此處eight-pack為泛指，且eight-pack是發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞，需用不定冠詞an修飾。故填an?！?9題詳析】考查副詞。句意：希臘冷釀酸奶通過(guò)靜息和過(guò)濾過(guò)程去除了大部分乳清，從而產(chǎn)生了一種與冰淇淋或奶油相似的特別濃厚的奶油質(zhì)地。修飾形容詞thick用副詞exceptionally。故填exceptionally?！?0題詳析】考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：它可以被理解為一種“濃縮”酸奶。主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且can后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填beunderstood?！?1題詳析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：雖然酸奶的過(guò)濾看起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)單，但它需要很高的精度。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“雖然”應(yīng)用though、although或while，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Though/Although/While?！?2題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：自制酸奶可能會(huì)有細(xì)菌污染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，其嚴(yán)重后果是李斯特菌，這種細(xì)菌可以在5到45℃的溫度范圍內(nèi)存活。此處為介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾上文句子，作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，故填which?！?3題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：如果感染李斯特菌，個(gè)體可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)常見(jiàn)的身體不適，如惡心、嘔吐、腹痛和腹瀉。此處為狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，省略了主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，此處為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填過(guò)去分詞。故填infected。【44題詳析】考查介詞。句意：為了健康和安全，最好選擇符合衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的商店購(gòu)買(mǎi)的物品。后跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)，表示“為了”應(yīng)用介詞for，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填For?！?5題詳析】考查名詞。句意：如果你決定自己做，在烹飪過(guò)程中要注意食材的質(zhì)量和環(huán)境的清潔度。短語(yǔ)makeadeterminationto表示“決定……”。故填determination。第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，你應(yīng)邀參加你校的“國(guó)旗下講話”活動(dòng)，代表高二學(xué)生給即將參加高考的高三學(xué)生送去鼓勵(lì)，請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一篇演講稿，內(nèi)容包括：(1)對(duì)