2024-2025學年河北省衡水市至臻期末考試高二上學期1月期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試題PAGEPAGE1河北省衡水市至臻期末考試2024-2025學年高二上學期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThe2024ScienceFictionShortStoryContestThe2023ScienceFictionShortStoryContestjustcametoanend.Welcometoour2024ScienceFictionShortStoryContestsponsoredbyScienceFictionAssociationinourcity.Thecontestistoencourageamateurandsemi-professionalwriterstoreachthenextlevelofproficiency.Wewilllookforengagingopenings,goodcharacterdevelopment,well-structuredplotting,powerfulimagery,humorouslanguage,uniquewordorphrasingchoices,andconvincingendings.Cometoshowtheworldyourfantasyimaginationandstorytellingtalents!RequirementAqualifyingstorymusthavestrongsciencefictionorfantasyelementsandmustbeshorterthan7,500words.Yourentriesmustbeoriginalworksoffiction.Ifyouhavereceivedprizesforyourfictionwritingfromanysourceoryourstoryhasbeenpublishedinanypayingpublication,youarenolongerqualified.Pastwinnersofourcontestarenolongerqualified.Noreprints,fanfictionorpoetry,please.JudgeandPrizeJudgeswillprovidefeedbacksforallqualifyingcontestentries.First-roundjudgeswillconsistofScienceFictionAssociationmembersandvolunteers.Theprofessionalwriters’decisionisfinal.Thechampions,runners-upandhonorablementionswillreceiveprizesincludingcashprize,acertificateofachievement,ScienceFictionAssociationPressbooks,andafreemembershiptoScienceFictionAssociation,Allwinnerscanselecttheirbooksandeithertakethemimmediatelyoraskforthemtobeshippedlater.DeadlineThecontestwillbelimitedtothefirst60qualifyingentries.WhilethesubmissiondeadlineisSeptember30th,2024,wemaycloseofftheentryfortheyearsooneriftheresponseislargerthanexpected.ThewinnerswillbepublishedonDecember31th.NoticePleaseplaceyourcontactinformationforpossibleawards.Thereisnoentryfee.Pleasesubmitonlyoneentryperauthor.1.Whatistheactivityabout?A.Storytelling. B.Storywriting.C.Writertraining. D.Writerrecommending.2.Whatisarequirementforthesciencefictionofthecontest?A.Itcancomeastheformofapoem. B.Itshouldbeover7,500wordslong.C.Itmustbetheauthor’soriginalone. D.Itissupposedtobepublishedbefore.3.Whowillfinallydeterminethewinners?A.Professionalwriters. B.Amateurwriters.C.ScienceFictionAssociationmembers. D.ScienceFictionAssociationvolunteers.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2024年科幻短篇小說大賽的情況?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thecontestistoencourageamateurandsemi-professionalwriterstoreachthenextlevelofproficiency...Cometoshowtheworldyourfantasyimaginationandstorytellingtalents!(比賽是為了鼓勵業(yè)余和半專業(yè)作家達到下一個熟練水平快來向世界展示你的奇幻想象力和講故事的才能吧！)”可知，這個活動關(guān)于故事寫作。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Yourentriesmustbeoriginalworksoffiction.Ifyouhavereceivedprizesforyourfictionwritingfromanysourceoryourstoryhasbeenpublishedinanypayingpublication,youarenolongerqualified.(參賽作品必須是原創(chuàng)小說。如果你的小說寫作獲得過任何來源的獎勵，或者你的故事在任何付費出版物上發(fā)表過，你就不再有資格)”可知，競賽的科幻作品要求必須是作者的原稿。故選C。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JudgeandPrize部分中“Theprofessionalwriters’decisionisfinal.(專業(yè)作家的決定是最終的)”可知，專業(yè)作家將最終決定獲勝者。故選A。BAsamushroomscientist,youarevastlyoutnumbered,withestimatessuggestingthattherearebetween2.2millionand3.8millionspeciesoffungi(真菌),themajorityofwhichareyettobeidentified.However,professionalsinthefieldarenotaloneintheireffortstouncovernewspecies.Anenthusiasticcommunityofamateurshasemerged,bridgingthegapbetweenprofessionalsandnon-professionals.Theseamateurshaveevenmadesignificantdiscoveries.OnesuchamateurisTaylorLockwood,a74-year-oldmushroomenthusiastandprofessionalphotographer.In1984,whilelivingontheMendocinocoastofCalifornia,TaylorLockwooddevelopedafascinationwithmushrooms.“Outsidemycottageweretheseamazingmushrooms,”hesays.“Anditwasasifthesemushroomslookedatmeandsaid,‘Taylor,gooutandtelltheworldhowprettyweare.’”Lockwoodansweredtheircallandpurchasedcameraequipmenttocapturetheirtruenature.Hispassionforphotographingmushroomswassointensethathewouldevendigholesnexttothemushroomstogettheperfectangleforhisshots.IntheMonongahelaNationalForest,TaylorLockwooddiscoveredanunusualmushroomthatlookedliketinyfingerswearingoff-whitegloves.Upondeeperinvestigation,fungiresearcherAmyRossmanconfirmedthatitwasa“hazelglove”mushroom,whichisararefind.“Mushroomsarenotlikeplants,”Rossmansays.“Theydon’tcomeupatthesametimeeveryyear,andsosometimesitcanbedecadesbetweenwhenafungusfruits.”Rossmansaysthat’swhyit’ssovaluabletohavepeoplelikeTaylorLockwoodsearchingthroughtheforestwithatrainedeye.Afewyearsago,TaylorLockwoodrealizedthatstillphotosweren’tsufficient,sohechosetocreatetime-lapse(延時拍攝的)videosofmushrooms.“WhenIdotime-lapse,Iseesomuchlifehappeningaroundthemushrooms—insects,wormsandothersmallcreaturesinteractingwiththem,”hesays.Lockwood’sloveforartisevidentinhisapproachtofilmingmushroomsovertime.Althoughheappreciatesthescientificaspectofhiswork,heidentifieshimselfasanartistatheart.4.Whatcanwelearnaboutmushroomamateursfromparagraph1?A.Theykeepclosetrackofthegrowthoffungi.B.Theyhelpidentifynewspeciesofmushroom.C.Theyreplaceprofessionalscientistsinthefield.D.Theyclassifythemajorityofmushroomspecies.5.WhatinspiredLockwoodtophotographmushrooms?A.Hisdesireforknowledge.B.Hiscuriosityaboutnature.C.Thebeautyofnearbymushrooms.D.Theappealofoutdoorphotography.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLockwoodaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Skilledandobservant.B.Focusedandflexible.C.Talentedandoptimistic.D.Organizedandresponsible.7.WhydidLockwooddecidetomaketime-lapsevideosofmushrooms?A.Toimprovehisphotographytechniques.B.Tocapturedynamiclifeinanartisticway.C.Tocollectbiologicaldatafordeeperresearch.D.Touseanewapproachtoscientificstudies.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了TaylorLockwood，一名蘑菇愛好者和攝影師，在真菌學領(lǐng)域做出了重大貢獻?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“However,professionalsinthefieldarenotaloneintheireffortstouncovernewspecies.Anenthusiasticcommunityofamateurshasemerged,bridgingthegapbetweenprofessionalsandnon-professionals.Theseamateurshaveevenmadesignificantdiscoveries.(然而，在發(fā)現(xiàn)新物種的努力中，該領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)人士并不孤單。一個熱情的業(yè)余愛好者社區(qū)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)，彌合了專業(yè)人士和非專業(yè)人士之間的差距。這些業(yè)余愛好者甚至有了重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”可知，蘑菇愛好者們在探索新真菌品種方面有重大發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選B項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“In1984,whilelivingontheMendocinocoastofCalifornia,TaylorLockwooddevelopedafascinationwithmushrooms.“Outsidemycottageweretheseamazingmushrooms,”hesays.“Anditwasasifthesemushroomslookedatmeandsaid,‘Taylor,gooutandtelltheworldhowprettyweare.’”(1984年，泰勒·洛克伍德(TaylorLockwood)住在加利福尼亞州的門多西諾海岸，對蘑菇產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣?！拔业男∥萃饷嬗羞@些神奇的蘑菇，”他說?！熬秃孟襁@些蘑菇看著我說，‘泰勒，出去告訴世界我們有多漂亮。’”)”可知，小屋附近蘑菇的美讓Taylor決定用相機去拍攝它們，故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“IntheMonongahelaNationalForest,TaylorLockwooddiscoveredanunusualmushroomthatlookedliketinyfingerswearingoff-whitegloves.(在莫農(nóng)加希拉國家森林，泰勒·洛克伍德(TaylorLockwood)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種不尋常的蘑菇，看起來像戴著灰白色手套的小手指。)”可知，Taylor在森林里發(fā)現(xiàn)了稀有的蘑菇品種，再結(jié)合第三段中“Theydon’tcomeupatthesametimeeveryyear,andsosometimesitcanbedecadesbetweenwhenafungusfruits.”Rossmansaysthat’swhyit’ssovaluabletohavepeoplelikeTaylorLockwoodsearchingthroughtheforestwithatrainedeye.(“它們不會每年在同一時間出現(xiàn)，所以有時真菌結(jié)出果實之間可能需要幾十年的時間?！绷_斯曼說，這就是為什么像泰勒·洛克伍德這樣的人用訓練有素的眼睛在森林中搜索如此有價值的原因。)”可推知，Taylor是一個有經(jīng)驗且善于觀察的人，故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中““WhenIdotime-lapse,Iseesomuchlifehappeningaroundthemushrooms—insects,wormsandothersmallcreaturesinteractingwiththem,”hesays.Lockwood’sloveforartisevidentinhisapproachtofilmingmushroomsovertime.Althoughheappreciatesthescientificaspectofhiswork,heidentifieshimselfasanartistatheart.(“當我進行延時攝影時，我看到蘑菇周圍發(fā)生了很多生命——昆蟲、蠕蟲和其他小生物與它們互動，”他說。洛克伍德對藝術(shù)的熱愛體現(xiàn)在他隨著時間的推移拍攝蘑菇的方法上。盡管他欣賞自己作品的科學方面，但他將自己視為內(nèi)心的藝術(shù)家。)”可推知，Taylor決定拍攝蘑菇的延時視頻是為了以藝術(shù)的方式捕捉動態(tài)生活，故選B項。CEarlyinthemorning,aclassoffirstgradersexcitedlyenteredthegym.Waitingforthemonthefloorlayamassive,life-sized,inflatable(充氣的)whale,completewitheyes,flippers,andallthemarkingsofthereal-lifehumpbackwhale,namedNile.ThiscreatureisthebrainchildofCyndeB.Mclnnis,awhaleloverandeducator.“TherewasalwaysthisthinginmymindabouttakingwhalesbacktoIndianatoteachkids,”MclnnissaidinaninterviewAfteranothereducatorprovidedanintroductiontoNile,thegroupheadedtowardstheentranceofthewhaleandtookofftheirshoes.Onceinside,thekidssatinanorganizedlineastheeducatorpointedoutallthesignificantpartsofthewhale’sinterior.Asthelessonwenton.thekidsyelledoutanswerstoquestions,clearlythrilledtobesittinginsidethisbehemoth(巨獸).“Thelessonistoocoolforthestudents,”shesaid.“Whentheygointhewhale,youjustseethischildhoodexcitementontheirfaces.”Indeed,insidethewhaletherecertainlywasanobviousexcitement.Theeducatorkepteveryoneengagedwiththejaw-droppingfactsaboutwhales,suchashowtheycaneattwothousandpoundsperday.ToMclnnis,learningaboutwhalesisthemostcertainpathtotheireffectiveconservation.“It’sjustgettingkidstothinkthatwhalesarecool,becauseiftheydon’tlikethem.they’renotevergoingtobeinterestedinsavingthem,”Mclnnissaid.Hercentralmessageaboutconservationwastheimportanceoftheoceantoallhumans.“Wethinkthathalftheoxygenthatwebreathecomesfromtheocean.WhetheryouliveinKansasorthecoastofMassachusetts,you’rebreathing,”Mclnnissaid.“Ithinkthatwhalesaresuchanawe-inspiringthing,”Mclnnisadded.Toher,alongwithbeingbeautifulcreatures,whalesserveasabridgeintoenvironmentalismfromayoungage.8.WhatdoweknowaboutCyndeB.Mclnnis?A.Sheenjoysorganizingoutdoorclasses. B.Shelikestostudyanimalbehavior.C.Sheisfullofloveforwhales. D.Shepreferstospendtimewithchildren.9.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheteachingactivity?A.Demanding. B.Conventional. C.Profitable. D.Effective.10.WhatmightMclnnisagreewithaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Whalesarethemostawe-inspiringcreatures.B.ProtectingtheoceancanhelpthewhalesC.Themajorityofoxygensupplyoriginatesfromtheocean.D.Akeeninteresthelpsdevelopagreenmind.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RespecttheRightsofAnimals B.CultivateLoveforAnimalsinInterestsC.OceanConservationIsUrgent D.Whales’StoryNeedstoBeHeard【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了鯨魚愛好者和教育者CyndeB.Mclnnis利用充氣鯨魚模型向孩子們進行鯨魚知識教育，旨在培養(yǎng)孩子們對鯨魚的喜愛，進而激發(fā)他們保護海洋環(huán)境的意識?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ThiscreatureisthebrainchildofCyndeB.Mclnnis,awhaleloverandeducator.(這個生物是鯨魚愛好者和教育者CyndeB.Mclnnis的創(chuàng)意)”可知，CyndeB.Mclnnis是一位鯨魚愛好者和教育者，她對鯨魚充滿熱愛。故選C項。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“‘Thelessonistoocoolforthestudents,’shesaid.‘Whentheygointhewhale,youjustseethischildhoodexcitementontheirfaces.’(‘這堂課對學生們來說太酷了，’她說，‘當他們進入鯨魚體內(nèi)時，你就能看到他們臉上洋溢出的童年興奮?！?”以及“Indeed,insidethewhaletherecertainlywasanobviousexcitement.(的確，在鯨魚體內(nèi)，孩子們明顯很興奮)”可推知，這次的教學動活有效地激發(fā)了孩子們的興趣和參與度，非常成功，達到了預期目標，即effective(產(chǎn)生預期結(jié)果的；有效的)。故選D項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ToMclnnis,learningaboutwhalesisthemostcertainpathtotheireffectiveconservation.(對Mclnnis來說，了解鯨魚是有效保護它們的最確定途徑)”以及“‘It’sjustgettingkidstothinkthatwhalesarecool,becauseiftheydon’tlikethem,they’renotevergoingtobeinterestedinsavingthem,’Mclnnissaid.Toher,alongwithbeingbeautifulcreatures,whalesserveasabridgeintoenvironmentalismfromayoungage.(‘就是要讓孩子們覺得鯨魚很酷，因為如果他們不喜歡它們，他們就永遠不會對拯救它們感興趣，’Mclnnis說。對她來說，鯨魚除了是美麗的生物外，還從很小的時候起就成為了環(huán)保主義的橋梁)”可推知，Mclnnis認為培養(yǎng)孩子們對鯨魚的喜愛是保護鯨魚的關(guān)鍵，即濃厚的興趣有助于培養(yǎng)環(huán)保意識。故選D項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“ThiscreatureisthebrainchildofCyndeB.Mclnnis,awhaleloverandeducator.(這個生物是鯨魚愛好者和教育者CyndeB.Mclnnis的創(chuàng)意)”以及最后一段中“ToMclnnis,learningaboutwhalesisthemostcertainpathtotheireffectiveconservation.(對Mclnnis來說，了解鯨魚是有效保護它們的最確定途徑)”可知，文章主要圍繞CyndeB.Mclnnis通過讓孩子們近距離接觸了解鯨魚，想培養(yǎng)孩子們對鯨魚的喜愛，進而讓孩子們產(chǎn)生保護鯨魚、保護環(huán)境的意識展開，強調(diào)了通過興趣來培養(yǎng)對動物的喜愛以及環(huán)保意識這一內(nèi)容。B項“在興趣中培養(yǎng)對動物的愛”(CultivateLoveforAnimalsinInterests)能夠概括文章主旨，適合作為文章標題。故選B項。DAtool,calledNightshade,letsartistsaddinvisiblechangestotheirartbeforetheyuploaditonlinetofightbackagainstAIcompaniesthatusetheirworktotrainAImodelswithoutthecreator’spermission.Usingitto“poison”thistrainingdatacoulddamagefutureimage-generatingAImodelsbymakingsomeoftheiroutputsuseless-dogsbecomecats,carsbecomecows,andsoforth.GenerativeAImodelsareexcellentatmakingconnectionsbetweenwords,whichhelpsthepoisonspread.Nightshadeinfectsnotonlytheword“dog”butallsimilarconcepts,suchas“puppy,”“husky,”and“wolf.”Thepoisonattackalsoworksonindirectlyrelatedimages.Forexample,ifthemodelscraped(抓取)apoisonedimagefortheprompt(提示)“fantasyart,”theprompts“dragon”and“acastleinTheLordoftheRings”wouldsimilarlybetransformedintosomethingelse.SomeAIcompaniesarefacinganumberoflawsuits(訴訟)fromartistswhoclaimthattheircopyrightedmaterialandpersonalinformationwasscrapedwithoutapprovalorcompensation.BenZhao,aprofessorattheUniversityofChicago,wholedtheteamthatcreatedNightshade,saysthehopeisthatitwillhelptipthepowerbalancebackfromAIcompaniestowardsartists,byshowingrespectforartists’copyrightandintellectualproperty.Zhaoadmitsthereisariskthatpeoplemightabusethedatapoisoningtechniqueforeviluses.However,hesaysattackerswouldneedthousandsofpoisonedsamplestocauserealdamagetolarger,morepowerfulmodels,astheyaretrainedonbillions.AIcompanieshaveofferedtoletartistsoptoutofhavingtheirimagesusedtotrainfutureversionsofthemodels.Butartistssaythisisnotenough:EvaToorenent,anillustratorandartist,says:opt-outpoliciesrequireartiststojumpthroughhoopsandstillleavetechcompanieswithallthepower.HehopesNightshadewillchangethecurrentsituationandAIcompanieswillthinktwicebeforetheyact.12.WhatdoweknowaboutNightshadefromthefirstparagraph?A.Ithelpsartiststodefendlawfulrights. B.Itwarnsnetizensoftheonlinedanger.C.Itremindsartistsofstolenworks. D.ItpoisonsAIcompanies’output.13.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thewaythe“poison”spreads. B.Thetargetsthepoisonattacks.C.Thetypesoftransformedimages. D.TheadvantageofAImodels.14.HowdoesEvaToorenentlookattheopt-outpolicy?A.Thankful. B.Fearful. C.Dissatisfied. D.Positive.15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeasuitabletitleofthistext?A.Nightshade:UselessOutputCreator. B.Nightshade:DataPoisonTechnology.C.Nightshade:Artists’RightsProtector. D.Nightshade:Image-generatingModel.【答案】12.A13.A14.C15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Nightshade工具如何幫助藝術(shù)家通過“毒化”數(shù)據(jù)來保護自己的作品不被AI公司未經(jīng)授權(quán)使用。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Atool,calledNightshade,letsartistsaddinvisiblechangestotheirartbeforetheyuploaditonlinetofightbackagainstAIcompaniesthatusetheirworktotrainAImodelswithoutthecreator’spermission.(一個名為Nightshade的工具允許藝術(shù)家在將作品上傳到網(wǎng)絡(luò)之前，對其添加隱形的改動，以此來回擊那些未經(jīng)創(chuàng)作者許可就使用其作品來訓練AI模型的AI公司)”可知，Nightshade幫助藝術(shù)家捍衛(wèi)合法權(quán)利。故選A?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“GenerativeAImodelsareexcellentatmakingconnectionsbetweenwords,whichhelpsthepoisonspread.Nightshadeinfectsnotonlytheword“dog”butallsimilarconcepts,suchas“puppy,”“husky,”and“wolf.”Thepoisonattackalsoworksonindirectlyrelatedimages.Forexample,ifthemodelscraped(抓取)apoisonedimagefortheprompt(提示)“fantasyart,”theprompts“dragon”and“acastlein

TheLordoftheRings”wouldsimilarlybetransformedintosomethingelse.(生成式AI模型擅長在單詞之間建立聯(lián)系，這有助于“毒”的傳播。Nightshade不僅影響“狗”這個詞，還影響所有相似的概念，如“小狗”、“哈士奇”和“狼”。這種“毒藥”攻擊也對間接相關(guān)的圖像起作用。例如，如果模型抓取了一個被“毒害”的圖像作為“幻想藝術(shù)”的提示，那么“龍”和“《指環(huán)王》中的城堡”等提示也會同樣被轉(zhuǎn)換成其他東西。)”可知，第二段主要講“毒”傳播的方式。故選A。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“EvaToorenent,anillustratorandartist,says:opt-outpoliciesrequireartiststojumpthroughhoopsandstillleavetechcompanieswithallthepower.(插畫師和藝術(shù)家EvaToorenent說，退出政策要求藝術(shù)家們經(jīng)過繁瑣的程序，并且仍然讓科技公司掌握所有的權(quán)力)”可知，EvaToorenent對這個政策并不滿意。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Atool,calledNightshade,letsartistsaddinvisiblechangestotheirartbeforetheyuploaditonlinetofightbackagainstAIcompaniesthatusetheirworktotrainAImodelswithoutthecreator’spermission.(一個名為Nightshade的工具允許藝術(shù)家在將作品上傳到網(wǎng)絡(luò)之前，對其添加隱形的改動，以此來回擊那些未經(jīng)創(chuàng)作者許可就使用其作品來訓練AI模型的AI公司)”可知，文章主要介紹了Nightshade工具如何幫助藝術(shù)家通過“毒化”數(shù)據(jù)來保護自己的作品不被AI公司未經(jīng)授權(quán)使用。選項C“Nightshade:Artists’RightsProtector(Nightshade：藝術(shù)家的權(quán)利保護者)”符合題意。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Withtravelontherise,morefamiliesareplanningtotaketheirhomelifeontheroad,whetherit’sforaweekendoralongertrip.Travelingwithkidscanbestressful—withallthosesuitcasesandcriesof“Arewethereyet?”____16____Involvingyoungchildreninplanningatripmightsoundsilly,butit’sfarmorevaluablethanitseems:“Youshouldn’texpecta4-year-oldtospendeighthoursinmuseums,”saysWaldon,afamilytravelexpert.“It’sreallysmartforparentstothinkliketheirkidandrealize,‘____17____’”Thatattitudehelpsparentsavoidterriblesituationsthatmayruintheday.____18____Ifalittleoneisintodinosaurs,perhapsyou’llwanttocheckoutacity’sNaturalHistoryMuseum.Iftheyloveanimals,maybethere’sawaytoincludeavisittoafarmoranaquarium(水族館).OneofWaldon’sfavouritewaystogetyoungerkidsexcitedaboutatripisreading.“Booksareperfectforlittlearmchairtravellers,”shesays.“____19____”BeforearecenttriptoPuertoRico,Waldonreadherkidsabookaboutafrognativetotheisland.Afterwards,herdaughtersgotreallyexcitedtohearthislittlefrogsingingatnight.PeopleoftenthinkthetripisgoingtobeoneInstagramworthymomentafteranother,butthatneverhappens.____20____Whenkidsareinvolved,theycanbecomeinvestedingettingthroughthoseproblems.Theyalsolearntoworkthingsouttogetherasafamily.A.Mostchildrenreallyenjoychallenges.B.Actually,nofamilytripgoeswithoutproblems.C.However,itcanalsobeahighlyrewardingactivity.D.Thatway,we’regettingmoreofthatlocalexperience.E.Thisisa30-minutemaxtypeopportunityformychild.F.Theygetthekidscuriousaboutthetripbeforeleavinghome.G.Parentscanalsoplayintotheirkids’interestswhenplanningatrip.【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.F20.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于家庭旅行的一些建議，特別是如何讓孩子更好地參與和享受旅行?！?6題詳析】上文“Travelingwithkidscanbestressful—withallthosesuitcasesandcriesof“Arewethereyet?”(帶著孩子旅行可能會很有壓力——帶著所有的行李箱和“我們到了嗎？”)”說明帶著孩子旅行可能會有壓力，下文“Involvingyoungchildreninplanningatripmightsoundsilly,butit’sfarmorevaluablethanitseems.(讓年幼的孩子參與計劃旅行可能聽起來很傻，但它比看起來要有價值得多。)”說明帶孩子旅行是有價值的，因此空格處應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)帶轉(zhuǎn)折的詞，C選項“However,itcanalsobeahighlyrewardingactivity.(然而，它也可以是一個非常有益的活動。)”中的However表轉(zhuǎn)折，說明帶孩子去旅行是值得的，承上啟下，符合語境。故選C?！?7題詳析】下文“Thatattitudehelpsparentsavoidterriblesituationsthatmayruintheday.(這種態(tài)度可以幫助父母避免可能會毀了一天的糟糕情況。)”說明了空前所說的一種態(tài)度可以幫助父母避免毀掉一天，空格處應(yīng)該是父母的一種態(tài)度，E選項“Thisisa30-minutemaxtypeopportunityformychild.(這是一個最多30分鐘時長的適合我孩子的機會)”是父母的一種態(tài)度，因此承接上文，符合語境。故選E?！?8題詳析】空格處是本段的主旨句，由下文“Ifalittleoneisintodinosaurs,perhapsyou’llwanttocheckoutacity’sNaturalHistoryMuseum.Iftheyloveanimals,maybethere’sawaytoincludeavisittoafarmoranaquarium(水族館).(如果孩子喜歡恐龍，也許你會想去城市的自然歷史博物館看看。如果他們喜歡動物，也許有一個方法包括參觀農(nóng)場或水族館)”可知，本段主要講的是在計劃帶孩子去旅行時，應(yīng)該要考慮孩子的喜好，G選項“Parentscanalsoplayintotheirkids’interestswhenplanningatrip.(在計劃旅行時，父母也可以考慮孩子的興趣)”說明了父母在計劃旅行時應(yīng)該考慮孩子的興趣，概括了本段主要內(nèi)容，可作為主旨句。故選G?！?9題詳析】上文“OneofWaldon’sfavouritewaystogetyoungerkidsexcitedaboutatripisreading.“Booksareperfectforlittlearmchairtravellers,”shesays.(Waldon最喜歡的讓孩子們對旅行感到興奮的方法之一就是閱讀。她說：“書籍是小旅行者的完美選擇?！?”說明了書籍會讓孩子感到興奮，下文“BeforearecenttriptoPuertoRico,Waldonreadherkidsabookaboutafrognativetotheisland.Afterwards,herdaughtersgotreallyexcitedtohearthislittlefrogsingingatnight.(在最近一次去波多黎各旅行之前，Waldon給她的孩子們讀了一本關(guān)于島上本地青蛙的書。后來，她的女兒們聽到這只小青蛙在晚上唱歌真的很興奮)”說明Waldon通過書讓孩子對旅行感到興奮，空格處也應(yīng)該和讓孩子興奮有關(guān)，F(xiàn)選項“Theygetthekidscuriousaboutthetripbeforeleavinghome.(它們在離開家之前讓孩子們對這次旅行感到好奇)”說明了閱讀書籍在離開家去旅行前讓孩子們對旅行感到好奇，因此F選項承上啟下，符合語境。故選F?！?0題詳析】上文“PeopleoftenthinkthetripisgoingtobeoneInstagramworthymomentafteranother,butthatneverhappens.(人們通常認為這次旅行會成為一個又一個值得分享的時刻，但這從來沒有發(fā)生過)”說明旅行成為一個又一個值得分享的時刻這種事情從來沒有發(fā)生過，下文“Whenkidsareinvolved,theycanbecomeinvestedingettingthroughthoseproblems.(當孩子們參與進來時，他們可以投入到解決這些問題中去)”說明旅行中會遇到一些問題，由此可知旅行可能會不順利，B選項“Actually,nofamilytripgoeswithoutproblems.(事實上，沒有家庭旅行是一帆風順的)”說明事實上旅行可能會不順利，承上啟下，符合語境。故選B。第三部分語言運用（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Thisyear,hundredsofpeoplearoundtheworldareapplyingforadesiredjobtorunPortLockroy,theworld’smostremotepostoffice.The____21____isinAntarctica,andoneofthekey____22____istheabilitytocountpenguins(企鵝).Eachyear,theUKAntarcticTrust____23____fourpostmentoliveontheislandfromNovembertoMarch.Apartfrombeinganearly80-year-oldBritish-ownedpostoffice,it____24____asamuseum.Althoughemployeeseachhaveunique____25____,theyarecooperativelyresponsibleforpreservingthe____26____placeandcaringforthethousandsoftourists.Thestaffisalso____27____environmentaldatacollectionandwildlifemonitoring.Applicantsarewarnedthere’snotmuchtimeforrelaxationandrest.Still,thejobishighly____28____.TheUKAntarcticHeritageTrustgetshundredsofapplications____29____fortheposition.Theyaremainly_____30_____toPortLockroy,bothforitshistoryanditsscientificsignificance.LucyDormansucceededinapplyingforthe2019-2020season.Itwasareal_____31_____forher.“Eventhoughthejobcanbehardattimes,there’sarealsenseofcommunity.You’vegotto_____32_____,becauseyoucan’tgetawayfromeachotherveryeasily.Ireallylovethatsortof_____33_____”shesaid.“Andwhatyoucanachievehereis_____34_____.Thetotalexperienceoffersbothadifferent_____35_____towardstheworldandanewviewpointonyourfunctionontheplanet.”21.A.centre B.position C.aim D.unit22.A.requirements B.characteristics C.virtues D.activities23.A.persuades B.instructs C.encourages D.hires24.A.exists B.transforms C.doubles D.develops25.A.tastes B.talents C.roles D.backgrounds26.A.temporary B.historic C.grand D.magical27.A.infavorof B.inneedof C.inpossessionof D.inchargeof28.A.paid B.sought-after C.hard-won D.respectable29.A.annually B.weekly C.monthly D.daily30.A.invited B.devoted C.related D.drawn31.A.joy B.lesson C.effort D.shock32.A.getalong B.showoff C.breakthrough D.givein33.A.loneliness B.eagerness C.looseness D.togetherness34.A.consistent B.rewarding C.potential D.pure35.A.entrance B.answer C.attitude D.introduction【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.C26.B27.D28.B29.A30.D31.A32.A33.D34.B35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了位于南極洲的洛克雷港郵局的招聘吸引了很多人，在那里員工不僅要收集環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)和監(jiān)測野生動物，還要負責數(shù)金鵝?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該職位在南極洲，其中一個關(guān)鍵要求是能夠數(shù)企鵝。A.centre中心；B.position職位；C.aim目標；D.unit單位。根據(jù)前文“Thisyear,hundredsofpeoplearoundtheworldareapplyingforadesiredjobtorunPortLockroy,theworld’smostremotepostoffice.”可知，今年，世界各地有數(shù)百人正在申請一份理想的工作，以經(jīng)營世界上最偏遠的郵局洛克羅伊港。此處表示該職位在南極洲。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該職位在南極洲，其中一個關(guān)鍵要求是能夠數(shù)企鵝。A.requirements要求；B.characteristics特征；C.virtues美德；D.activities活動。根據(jù)前文“adesiredjob”及后文“istheabilitytocountpenguins”可知，此處表示該工作的一個關(guān)鍵的要求是能夠數(shù)企鵝。故選A項。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每年，英國南極遺產(chǎn)信托基金都會雇用四名郵遞員從11月到3月住在島上。A.persuades說服；B.instructs指示；C.encourages鼓勵；D.hires雇用。根據(jù)前文“applyingforadesiredjob”和下文“employees”可知，此處表示聘用四名郵遞員。故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：除了是一家擁有近80年歷史的英國郵局外，它還兼作博物館。A.exists存在；B.transforms轉(zhuǎn)移；C.doubles兼任；D.develops發(fā)展。根據(jù)前文“postoffice”及后文“asamuseum”可知，此處表示該郵局兼作博物館。doubleas表示“兼作”。故選C項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然每個員工都有獨特的角色，但他們合作負責保護歷史名勝和照顧成千上萬的游客。A.tastes品味；B.talents人才；C.roles職能，角色；D.backgrounds背景。根據(jù)后文“theyarecooperativelyresponsibleforpreservingthe________placeandcaringforthethousandsoftourists.”可知，此處表示員工各司其職。故選C項?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然每個員工都有獨特的角色，但他們合作負責保護歷史名勝和照顧成千上萬的游客。A.temporary暫時的；B.historic歷史的；C.grand大的；D.magical魔法的。根據(jù)前文“anearly80-year-oldBritish-owned”和前文“preserving”可知，空處表示有歷史意義的地方。故選B項。【27題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：工作人員還負責環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)收集和野生動物監(jiān)測。A.infavorof贊成；B.inneedof需要；C.inpossessionof占有；D.inchargeof負責。根據(jù)前文的“also”及后文“environmentaldatacollectionandwildlifemonitoring”可知，工作人員還需要負責環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)收集和野生動物監(jiān)測。故選D項。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，它仍然還是很搶手。A.paid有報酬的；B.sought-after搶手的；C.hard-won來之不易的；D.respectable值得尊敬的。根據(jù)后文“Still,thejobishighly”及“getshundredsofapplications”可知，這份工作很搶手。故選B項?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：英國南極遺產(chǎn)信托基金每年收到數(shù)百份該職位的申請。A.annually每年；B.weekly每周；C.monthly每月；D.daily每天。根據(jù)前文中的“Thisyear,hundredsofpeople-desiredjob”和后文中的“the2019-2020season”可知，英國南極遺產(chǎn)信托基金每年都會收到大量申請該職位的信。故選A項?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們主要被洛克羅伊港吸引，因為它的歷史和科學意義。A.invited邀請；B.devoted投入；C.related相關(guān)；D.drawn吸引。根據(jù)后文“bothforitshistoryanditsscientificsignificance”可知，求職者們是被它的歷史和科學意義吸引。故選D項。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對她來說是一種真正的快樂。A.joy快樂；B.lesson教訓；C.effort努力；D.shock震驚。根據(jù)前文“LucyDormansucceededinapplying”及后文“Ireallylove”可知，獲得這個職位很讓她快樂。故選A項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：你得與人和睦相處，因為你們不能輕易地離開對方。A.getalong相處；B.showoff炫耀；C.breakthrough突破；D.givein屈服。根據(jù)前文“arealsenseofcommunity”和后文“youcan’tgetawayfromeachotherveryeasily.”可知，此處表示你得與人和睦相處。故選A項。【33題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我真的很喜歡那種團結(jié)”，她說。A.loneliness孤獨；B.eagerness渴望；C.looseness松弛；D.togetherness和睦相處。據(jù)前文“arealsenseofcommunity”和后文中的“youcan’tgetawayfromeachotherveryeasily.”可知，此處表示LucyDorman喜歡那種和睦相處的氛圍。故選D項。【34題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你在這里能取得的成就是有益的。A.consistent持續(xù)的；B.rewarding有益的；C.potential有潛力的；D.

pure純粹的。根據(jù)前文“whatyoucanachievehere”和后文“offersbothadifferent________towardstheworldandanewviewpointonyourfunctionontheplanet”可知，在這里獲得的東西很有益。故選B項。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：整體體驗既提供了對世界的不同看法，也提供了對你在地球上的功能的新觀點。A.entrance入口；B.answer回答；C.attitude看法；D.introduction介紹。根據(jù)前文“offersbothadiff