浙江省溫州市2025屆高三下學(xué)期第三次適應(yīng)性考試英語試題卷 含解析

溫州市普通高中屆高三第三次適應(yīng)性考試英語試題卷滿分分，考試時間分鐘。考生注意：題卷規(guī)定的位置上。卷上的作答一律無效。選擇題部分第一部分聽力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.С.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatisMegandoing?A.Doingherhomework.B.Preparingforatrip.C.Changingherclothes.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Megan,whatareyouupto?alreadyfinishedyourhomework,right?W:I’mmakingalistofitemsfortheschooltrip.Mr.Millersuggestedwepacksomewarmlayerslikecoats,sincetheweatherisunpredictable.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthemansuggeststartingabook-sharingclub?A.Itreducescosts.B.Itsavestime.C.Itprotectsnature.【答案】A第1頁/共27頁【解析】【原文】M:knowwhat?I’vespent100dollarsonbooksthismonth.Whydon’twestartabooksharingclubinourcommunitycentre?W:That’sbrilliant.Booksarecostingmeafortunetoo.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomando?A.She’sahotelmanager.B.She’saswimmingcoach.C.She’sagymreceptionist.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,I’mcheckingoutthemembership.Doesitcoverallthegymfacilities?W:Ofcourse,asamember,you’llhavefullaccesstoallthefacilitiesinthegym,exceptfortheswimmingpool,whichisnowbeingupgraded.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whathascausedthepowerfailure?A.Aheavystorm.B.Theunpaidbill.C.Highpowereddevices.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Thepowerisout.Didyouuseanyhighpowereddevices?M:No,maybethestormcuttheelectricity.W:ThenoticesaidourelectricityBillwasdueyesterdayandwemissedit.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Atasciencefair.B.Inageographyclass.C.Atabirthdayparty.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Lookoverthere,aminivolcanoiserupting.It’slikeatinyscienceparty.M:thekidissoexcitedexplaininghowheusesbakingsodaandvinegartomakethisexperiment.W:It’samazinghowsimplethingscanmakesciencesofunatthisfair.第二節(jié)共小題：每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中第2頁/共27頁選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。6.WhydoesthemanflytoSeattle?A.attendameeting.B.visitafriend.C.gosightseeing.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Cancelthetrip.B.Bookahotel.C.anotherflight.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.IsmyflightC1219toSeattledelayed?W:sirIthasbeenpushedbackbyfivehoursduetomaintenanceissues.M:Fivehours.That’sadrag.Ireallyneedtogettotheconferenceontime.Arethereotherflights?W:Letmecheckforyou.Hmm.Thereisaflightdepartingattwohours.It’sabitmoreexpensive,though.M:Idon’tcareaboutthecostrightIjustneedtogetthere.CanIbookthatone?W:Certainly,I’llarrangethatforyourightaway.M:Thankyousomuch.W:welcome,sir.I’mreallysorryfortheinconveniencecausedbythedelay.8.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.C.Neighbors.9.HowwillSarahgotoOxfordshire?A.Bytrain.B.Byplane.C.Bycar.10.WhatshouldSarahdobeforesettingout?A.CleantheB.Buynewplants.C.Buyapetcarrier.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:HeyMark,sorrytobotheryou.CanIaskforafavor?第3頁/共27頁M:Sure.What’supSarah?W:IjustgotacceptedintoavoluntaryprogrammecalledDogsforGood.I’llbespendingthreeweeksatOxfordshirecampus.CouldyousignsomedocumentsandtakecareofthepottedplantsinmyM:Noproblem.I’llmakesureeverythingistakencareofhere.Bytheway,areyouplanningtoleaveyourdogLuckyathome?W:Actually,Luckyiscomingwithme.takingthepetfriendlytrainEurostar.M:that’sreallycool.Idon’tknowtheEurostarhadsuchanoption.Howdoesthatwork?W:It’squiteeasy.Ijustbookapetticketandthereisaspecialareaforpetsonboard.Butpetshavetotravelinacarrier,soIneedtobuyoneforLuckyinadvance.M:Ohawesome.Luckywillbeexcited.WhatdoesthemanthinkofUberEats?A.Convenient.B.Entertaining.C.Complex.12.WhatdoesUberEatsprovide?A.Healthyeatingtips.B.Freedeliveryservice.C.recommendations.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Orderlessfood.B.Deletetheapp.C.someexercise.【答案】A12.C13.C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,haveyoutriedUberEatsyet?It’sbeenagamechangerforme.M:I’vebeenusingittoo.OnceItapthescreen,itwillshowgreatimmediatelyandIcantrackmyorderinrealtime.W:Exactly.Iorderfromtonsofdifferentrestaurantsrightonmyphone,buttheAPPkeepsrecommendingalltheseguiltypleasureslikefriedchicken.M:know,theplatformtailorsrecommendationsbasedonyourpreferences.Ifyou’reintermeatydishes,that’swhatit’llpush.W:That’smystruggle.Iwanttoenjoyfood,butIjustcan’tsaynotothosecaloriebombs.NowI’mgainingweight.M:Itotallygetit.Haveyouthoughtaboutbalancingitoutwithsomeexercise,likehittingthegymorwalkingtotherestauranttopickupyourorder?第4頁/共27頁W:That’sreasonable.14.Whoorganizedthecompetition?A.Afilmstudio.B.ATVnetwork.C.Atravelagency.15.Whatattractedthemantoenterthecompetition?A.AjobB.Theprizemoney.C.Theprofessionalguidance.16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthetrip?A.Itistotallyfree.B.Itisaguidedtour.C.Itlastsforthreemonths.17.Whatwilltheman’sdocumentaryfocuson?A.Historicalstories.B.development.C.Environmentalpractices.【答案】14.B15.C16.A17.C【解析】【原文】M:Guesswhat?IjustwonadocumentarycompetitionrunbyapublicTVnetworkalongwiththreeotherwinners.W:congratulations,whatgotyouinterested?M:knowI’vealwayslovedfilmmaking.Whatreallysoldmewastheprofessionalcoachingtheybeforethecompetition.Ittotallytookmyskillstothenextlevel.W:Soyouwonandimprovedyourskillsatthesametime,awesome.M:AndI’msoluckytowinfirstplace.Theprizeisafreepackagetripforamonthallbymyself.Itcoversalltheflights,accommodationandlocaltravelcosts.W:Soundsfantastic,butwon’tyougetlonelytravelingalone?M:Lonely?Notachance.I’mplanningtofilmanotherdocumentary,butthere’ssomuchtodoinjustonemonth.alotofplacestovisitandstoriestorecord.W:Thatdoessoundlikealottohandle.Whereareyouheading?M:I’mgoingtotheAmazonrainforest.Iwanttofilmtheuniqueecosystemandthepeoplearemakingtoprotecttheenvironment.W:Great.Goodluckwithyourtripandfilming.第5頁/共27頁18.Howlongdoesthefestivallast?A.6hours.B.8hours.C.10hours.19.Whatdoweknowabouttheactivitiesofthefestival?A.Theyarewide-ranging.B.Theyareculture-focused.C.Theyaretechnology-based.20.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?Adiscussaplan.B.doapromotion.C.askfordonations.【答案】18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorningdearlisteners.Areyoureadyforthesweetestadventureofthesummer?LetmetellyouabouttheCaliforniastrawberryfestival.ThisamazingeventisoneofthemostpopularfestivalsinCalifornia,andit’sbeenabelovedtraditionfor35years.ThisSaturdayatthecountyfairgroundswe’llhaveawholedayofpurefun.FromtenAMtosixPM,there’ssomethingforeveryone.findallkindsofmouth-wateringfood,livelymusic,colorfulballoons,andexcitingrides.Plus,morethanahundredartandDIYworkshopsarewaitingforyoutoexplore.Bringyourfamilyandfriends.arejustfifteendollarsforadultsandeightdollarsforkidsagedfivetotwelve.Bestofall,alltheincomewillgobacktothecommunity,soyou’rehavingfunwhilealsodoingsomethinggood.Don’tmissoutonthissweetcharity.第二部分閱讀共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。APowerofPublicSpeakinghaspartneredwithASIInnovationLabstointegrateartificialintelligenceintothePopsClassroomplatformforimprovingpublicspeakingskills.ThefirstprojectisthePopsAdvisorwhichprovidesanautomaticevaluationofstudents’videopresentationswithvisualfeedback.TheAdvisoron-demandcommentstostudentspracticingpublicspeakingfromanywhere.Thisflexibilitybenefitsinstructors,whocanbeashands-onorhands-offduringpractice.Whilestudentscanoperateautonomouslywiththetool,instructorscanalsochoosetokeeptrackofstudents’progress.Usingmachinelearningmodels,thePopsAdvisoranalyzesthefollowingcriteria:第6頁/共27頁DeliveryIntroductionBodyConclusionStyleCredibilitySupportSignalingEndingQualityAttentionLanguageSummaryFillerCentralIdeaConnectiveMemorableEndingEyeContactPreviewCredibilityCredibilityBodyLanguageConnectiveOrganizationThepresenterreceivesfeedbackontheabovefourcategories.Andthisfeedbackisgiveninthefollowingformats:?providepresenterswithvaluablefeedbackforthenextpractice,recommendationsfocusonspecificaspectsneedingimprovement.Forinstance,therecommendationcanbemessageisclear,butbesureyouaregrabbingyouraudience’sattentioninyourintroductiontoensuretheyarelistening.”?指標(biāo))Usefulspeechmetricsserveasquantitativedescriptorsonseveralaspectsofthepresentationincludingnumberofwords,totalpresentationtime,speakingrateandvocalfillerspercentage.PopsAdvisorcanbeusedinanyclassroomsettingwherestudentsarepresenting,particularlyintheBasicPublicSpeakingCourse.Whenyouareconsideringwhatcanbeachievedbyyourstudentstowardskilldevelopmentinasingleschoolsemester,Advisorincreasestheoveralldevelopment.21.WhatisthePopsAdvisor?A.Avoiceassistant.B.Avideoplayer.C.Atimetracker.D.Anevaluationtool.22Whichofthefollowingcategoriesprovidesfeedbackonfacialexpressions?A.Delivery.B.Introduction.C.Body.D.Conclusion.23.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Labtechnicians.B.Publicspeechinstructors.C.Foreignlanguagelearners.D.ArtificialIntelligenceengineers.【答案】21.D22.A23.B【解析】Pops第7頁/共27頁Advisor?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ThefirstprojectisthePopsAdvisorwhichprovidesanautomaticevaluationofstudents’videopresentationswithvisualfeedback.(第一個項目是PopsAdvisor，它可以自動評估學(xué)生的視頻演示，并提供視覺反饋。)”以及第二段“Whilestudentscanoperateautonomouslywiththetool,instructorscanalsochoosetokeeptrackofstudents’progress.(學(xué)生可以使用該工具自主操作，教師也可以選擇跟蹤學(xué)生的進度。)”可知，PopsAdvisor是一款評估工具，故選D項?！?2題詳解】Criteria部分Delivery中的“BodyLanguage(肢體語言)”可知Delivery這一項提供面部表情反饋，故選A項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TheAdvisoron-demandcommentstostudentspracticingpublicspeakingfromanywhere.Thisflexibilitybenefitsinstructors,whocanbeashands-onorhands-offduringpractice.Whilestudentscanoperateautonomouslywiththetool,instructorscanalsochoosetokeeptrackofstudents’progress.(TheAdvisor為在任何地方練習(xí)公共演講的學(xué)生提供按需評論。這種靈活性有利于教師，他們可以在練習(xí)中親力親為或放手不管。學(xué)生可以使用該工具自主操作，教師也可以選擇跟蹤學(xué)生的進度。)”以及最后一段“PopsAdvisorcanbeusedinanyclassroomsettingwherestudentsarepresenting,particularlyintheBasicPublicSpeakingCourse.(PopsAdvisor可以在任何學(xué)生演講的課堂環(huán)境中使用，特別是在基礎(chǔ)公共演講課程中。)”可推知本文是針對公共演講講師的，故選B項。BTheboatridefromHelsinki’scitycentertotheislandofPihlajasaaritakesonly10minutesanddropsvisitorsatbeachesforsunbathing.ButIhadadifferentmission:tospeaktoatree.Thiswasmeanttobeahealingexercise,onechampionedbytheFinnishbiologistAdelaPajunen.Finns,she’dtoldme,sometimessharetheirworriesaloudtotreesorbirds.Onshore,Ispottedashortblackaldertreeandbegantotellthetreemytroubles.Theleavesrustled(沙沙作響)inresponse,asignIinterpretedassympathy.IhadcometoFinlandtoseewhetherIcouldbringhappinessbacktoAmericawithme.FinlandhastoppedtheWorldHappinessReportforthepasteightyears,largelyduetofreeeducationanduniversalhealthcare.AndtheFinnsalsofindhappinessinmoreattainableways,suchastheircloserelationshipwithnatureandvisitingthesauna(桑拿)daily.Theseactivitiescontainsimilargoals:Staypresentandseekaminimalistlifestylethatreliesontheearth.第8頁/共27頁Ifollowedtheirlifestyle—visitingthesaunaandtakingarelaxingforestwalk,andhappinesscameinwavesoverthenextfewdays.IwasoptimisticthatIcouldrecreatethehappiestmomentsofthistripbackhomeinNewHowhardcoulditbe,really?Asitturnedout,happinesswasaluxuryinAmerica,thoughItriedhardtoliveexactlyliketheFinns.Thenoneafternoon,IhadabreakthroughasIrushedthroughCentralParkandnoticedacrowdofpeoplestaringattheground.Acardinal!Istoppedtoadmirethebird’sfeatherbeforeitflewaway.Thiswasawinforstayingpresent.I’dbeensostucktryingtofindthetimeandmoneyforhappinessthatI’dmissedthepoint:Quietthemind,andfindpleasureinsmallactsandobservations—likeacardinaltakingflight,ortalkingtotrees—rightthenandthere.AsIleftthepark,Icarriedoutasmallbutcomfortingritual(儀式)I’ddeveloped.Ithankedthetreesforlistening.24.Whydidtheauthorspeaktoatree?A.healthetree.B.seekhappiness.C.followatradition.D.appreciatenature.25.WhatdoweknowabouttheFinnishlifestyle?A.Itrequiresdailysaunavisits.B.Itvaluescloserelationships.C.Itiseasilyadoptedelsewhere.D.Itfocusesonsimplepleasures.26.Whycouldn’ttheauthorrecreatehappymomentsbackinAmerica?A.Shewasbusywithwork.B.ItwasnoisyinNewC.Sheforgottostaypresent.D.Itwasexpensivetolivethere.27.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’striptoFinland?A.B.Challenging.C.Adventurous.D.Unexpected.【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者向芬蘭人尋求幸福之道的經(jīng)歷。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ButIhadadifferentmission:tospeaktoatree.(但我有一個不同的任務(wù)：和一棵樹說話)”和第三段中“IhadcometoFinlandtoseewhetherIcouldbringhappinessbacktoAmericawithme.(我來芬蘭是想看看能不能把幸福帶回美國)”可知，作者對著一棵樹說話是為了尋求幸福。故選B。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“AndtheFinnsalsofindhappinessinmoreattainableways,suchastheirclose第9頁/共27頁relationshipwithnatureandvisitingthesauna(桑拿)daily.Theseactivitiescontainsimilargoals:Staypresentandseekaminimalistlifestylethatreliesontheearth.(芬蘭人也通過更容易獲得的方式找到快樂，比如與自然的親密關(guān)系和每天去桑拿房。這些活動都有相似的目標(biāo)：活在當(dāng)下，尋求一種依賴地球的極簡主義生活方式)”可知，芬蘭人的生活方式專注于簡單的快樂。故選D?！?6題詳解】Thenoneafternoon,IhadabreakthroughasIrushedthroughCentralParkandnoticedacrowdofpeoplestaringattheground.Acardinal!Istoppedtoadmirethebird’sfeatherbeforeitflewaway.Thiswasawinforstayingpresent.I’dbeensostucktryingtofindthetimeandmoneyforhappinessthatI’dmissedthepoint:Quietthemind,andfindpleasureinsmallactsandobservations-likeacardinaltakingflight,ortalkingtotrees-rightthenandthere.(后來有一天下午，當(dāng)我沖過中央公園，注意到一群人盯著地面看的時候，我有了一個突破。一只紅衣鳳頭鳥！鳥兒飛走之前，我停下來欣賞它的羽毛。這是活在當(dāng)下的勝利。我一直在努力尋找時間和金錢來獲得快樂，以至于我錯過了要點：讓心靈平靜下來，從微小的行為和觀察中尋找幸?！热缂t衣鳳頭鳥在飛翔，或者與樹木交談——就在此時此地)”可知，作者回到美國后很難重現(xiàn)幸福，直到一天下午停下來欣賞一只紅衣鳳頭鳥才頓悟，活在當(dāng)下才能感到幸福。由此推知，作者回到美國無法重現(xiàn)幸福是因為她忘記了活在當(dāng)下。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theseactivitiescontainsimilargoals:Staypresentandseekaminimalistlifestylethatreliesontheearth.()”和倒數(shù)第二段中“Thiswasawinforstayingpresent.I’dbeensostucktryingtofindthetimeandmoneyforhappinessthatI’dmissedthepoint:Quietthemind,andfindpleasureinsmallactsandobservations—likeacardinaltakingflight,ortalkingtotrees—rightthenandthere.(這是活在當(dāng)下的勝利。我一直在努力尋找時間和金錢來獲得快樂，以至于我錯過了要點：讓心靈平靜下來，從微小的行為和觀察中尋找快樂——比如紅衣風(fēng)頭鳥在飛翔，或者與樹木交談——就在此時此地)”可知，作者回到美國后重現(xiàn)了在芬蘭之旅中感悟到的真諦：活在當(dāng)下才能感受到幸福。由此推知，作者的芬蘭之旅改變了她的生活，故選A。COneofthetopsourcesofaddedsugarinchildren’sdietsinAmericaisintheirbreakfastcereal(麥片).AstudypublishedintheAmericanJournalofPreventiveMedicineshowsthatadvertisingdrivessalesofhigh-sugarcerealswhenit’saimeddirectlyatkidsunder12-butnotwhenittargetsadults.Inthestudy,researcherslookedatallcerealspurchasedby77,000U.S.householdsoveranine-yearperiod,between2008and2017.TheyalsolookedatNielsenratingsdata,whichcloselymonitoredalltheadsthatpeople第10頁/共27頁inahouseholdsaw-bothchildrenandadults.Whattheyfoundwasastrongrelationshipbetweenhowmuchadvertisingwastargetedtokidsandhowmuchsugarycerealthathouseholdswithchildrenbought.Bycontrast,therewasnolinktoincreasedpurchaseswhenadstargetedadults.Andtheseextensivedataalsoshowedthatbehaviorsthatwerelearnedinchildhoodcouldtrackintoadulthood,whichcouldleadtopoorhealthoutcomesoveralifetime.Thestudyisthefirsttodirectlycomparetheinfluenceoffoodadvertisingexposurebychildrenwiththatofadults.Thefindingsnovelevidenceofhowfoodmarketingturnschildrenintothe“ultimateweapon”ininfluencingfamilyspendingbecausetheyconsistentlyasktheirparentstopurchaseaconceptknownas“”.ThefoodindustrylaunchedtheChildren’sFoodandBeverageAdvertisingInitiative,avoluntarytopoliceitself.The21participatingfoodcompaniesmadeacommitmenttocutbackonmarketingunhealthyfoodstochildrenunder12—laterrevisedtounder13.Anewstudyconductedin2024showedthatchildren’sexposuretocerealadsonTVprogrammingaimedatkidshasdroppeddramatically.ButLindseySmithafoodpolicyresearcherattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,saysthesevoluntaryaren’tmakingadifference.Advertisements,likekids’eyeballs,aremovingonline,makingitevenhardertoknowwhatmarketingchildrenarebeingexposedto,notes.28.Whatdidthestudyfindaboutchild-targetedfoodads?A.Theyhadnoconnectionwithadults’purchases.B.Theywerelesseffectivethanadult-targetedads.C.Theymightchildren’shealthinthelongrun.D.Theycouldreducechildren’sinterestinsugaryfood.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“”inparagraph3mean?A.Parents’unconditionallove.B.Children’suncontrolledspending.C.Parents’growingconsumption.D.Children’srepeatedpurchaserequests.30.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Anexpectationforfurtherstudy.B.Thefollow-upinfluenceofthestudy.C.Alimitationoftheresearchmethod.D.Thepotentialapplicationofthefindings.31.WhatisattitudetowardthevoluntaryA.Favorable.B.C.Disapproving.D.Reserved.【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.C第11頁/共27頁【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了針對兒童的高糖麥片廣告對家庭購買行為的影響及其長期健康危害，并討論了相關(guān)政策效果與局限性。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whattheyfoundwasastrongrelationshipbetweenhowmuchadvertisingwastargetedtokidsandhowmuchsugarycerealthathouseholdswithchildrenbought.Bycontrast,therewasnolinktoincreasedpurchaseswhenadstargetedadults.Andtheseextensivedataalsoshowedthatbehaviorsthatwerelearnedinchildhoodcouldtrackintoadulthood,whichcouldleadtopoorhealthoutcomesoveralifetime.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，針對兒童廣告投放量與有孩子的家庭購買的高糖麥片的數(shù)量之間存在著緊密的聯(lián)系。相比之下，當(dāng)廣告以成年人為目標(biāo)群體時，廣告投放量與家庭購買量的增加沒有關(guān)聯(lián)。而且這些廣泛的數(shù)據(jù)還表明，童年時期養(yǎng)成的行為習(xí)慣會延續(xù)到成年，這可能會在一生中導(dǎo)致不良的健康后果)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)針對兒童的食品廣告可能會影響兒童的長期健康。故選C?！?9題詳解】Thefindingsnovelevidenceofhowfoodmarketingturnschildrenintothe“ultimateweapon”ininfluencingfamilyspendingbecausetheyconsistentlyasktheirparentstopurchaseaconceptknownas“pesterpower”.(這些研究結(jié)果為食品營銷如何將兒童變成影響家庭消費的“終極武器”提pesterpower)何將兒童變成影響家庭消費的“終極武器”，因為孩子們不斷地要求父母購買，即畫線短語“pesterpower”指的是孩子們反復(fù)的購買請求。故選D?！?0題詳解】ThefoodindustrylaunchedtheChildren’sFoodandBeverageAdvertisingInitiative,avoluntarytopoliceitself.The21participatingfoodcompaniesmadeacommitmenttocutbackonmarketingunhealthyfoodstochildrenunder12—laterrevisedtounder13.Anewstudyconductedin2024showedthatchildren’sexposuretocerealadsonTVprogrammingaimedatkidshasdroppeddramatically.(食品行業(yè)發(fā)起了21家參與的食品公司承諾減少向12歲以下132024對兒童的電視節(jié)目中的麥片廣告大幅減少)”可知，第四段主要講了研究的后續(xù)影響。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ButLindseySmithafoodpolicyresearcherattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,saysthesevoluntaryaren’tmakingadifference.Advertisements,likekids’eyeballs,第12頁/共27頁aremovingonline,makingitevenhardertoknowwhatmarketingchildrenarebeingexposedto,notes.(但北卡羅來納大學(xué)教堂山分校的食品政策研究員LindseySmith表示，這些自愿的努力并沒有起到什么么樣的營銷)”可推知，對自愿的努力持不贊成態(tài)度。故選C。DSurroundedbytoweringredwoodsononesideandthePacificOceanontheother,thecoastalcityofSantaCruz,some70milessouthofSanFrancisco,isagreatplaceforayoungpersontoexperiencenature.That’swhereXinningZhang,assistantprofessorofgeosciencesandthePrincetonEnvironmentalInstitute,spentherchildhood.“Growingupthere,youjustcan’thelpthinkingandcaringabouttheenvironment,”shesaid.OneoftheenvironmentalquestionsZhangisexploringiswhymethane,asignificantgreenhousegas,isincreasingintheatmosphere.Mostofusareawarethatcowsreleasemethane,butwetlandsarealsoamajorsourceofthegas.hostacommunityofmicrobes(微生物),includingArchaea,whichgeneratemethaneasabyproductwhentheyconsumeanddigestcomponentsoforganicmatter.Thesemicrobesgrowinoxygen-freeenvironmentslikewetsoils,whichtypicallyoccurinthewetlands’deeperlevels.However,researchershavebeensurprisedtofindthatquitealotofmethanecomesfromtheoxygen-richpeat(泥炭)andsoilnearthesurface.explorethisphenomenon,ZhangandherteamanalyzedpeatsamplescollectedfromawetlandintheNortheastU.S.Onesetofsamplesreceivedoxygentreatmentfollowedbyincubation(培養(yǎng))underoxygen-freeconditions.Theothersamplesremainedinanoxygen-freeenvironmentfortheentirestudyperiod.Contrarytoexpectations,theoxygen-treatedpeatsproducedahigheramountofmethanethanthepeatsmaintainedundercontinuouslyoxygen-freeconditions.findoutwhy,theresearchersanalyzedallthemicrobesfoundinthepeatsamples.Theyfoundthatoxygenstimulatedsomemicrobestobreakdownharmfulchemicals,whichwouldotherwisethreatentheentiremicrobialcommunity,includingmethane-producingArchaea.Theresultisthecreationoffarmoremethanethanexpected.Zhang’sworksuggeststhatoxygenvariabilityisanimportantcontrolonwetlandmethaneproduction.Herteamisalsoexploringfurtherhowoxygenvariabilityfordifferentlengthsoftime,andhowdifferentsoilchemistriesinfluencemicrobialmethaneproduction.32.WhatmotivatedZhangtostudyenvironmentalissues?A.Herchildhoodexperiences.B.Theadventureinnature.C.Hereducationalbackground.D.Thepressurefromfellows.第13頁/共27頁33.WhydidZhanganalyzemicrobesinthewetlandsoil?A.examinetheconditionofsurfacesoil.B.exploretheimpactofmethaneonmicrobes.C.studytheroleofoxygeninmethaneproduction.D.calculatetheamountofmethanereleasedbycows.34.Howmightthefindingshelpreducemethanefromwetlands?A.Bychangingsoilstructures.B.Byintroducingnewmicrobes.C.Byblockingharmfulchemicals.D.Byadjustingsoiloxygenlevels.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowDoesMethaneClimateChange?B.WhatDrivesMethaneProductioninC.WhatIstheLinkBetweenOxygenandMethane?D.HowDoContributetoMicrobialDiversity?【答案】32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了地球科學(xué)助理教授張新寧（音譯）對濕地甲烷產(chǎn)生原因的研究，包括氧氣在甲烷產(chǎn)生過程中的作用等。【32題詳解】That’swhereXinningZhang,assistantprofessorofgeosciencesandthePrincetonEnvironmentalInstitute,spentherchildhood.“Growingupthere,youjustcan’thelpthinkingandcaringabouttheenvironment,”shesaid.()那里的經(jīng)歷促使她思考和關(guān)心環(huán)境問題，所以是她的童年經(jīng)歷促使她研究環(huán)境問題。故選A項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“explorethisphenomenon,ZhangandherteamanalyzedpeatsamplescollectedfromawetlandintheNortheastU.S.Onesetofsamplesreceivedoxygentreatmentfollowedbyincubation(培養(yǎng))underoxygen-freeconditions.Theothersamplesremainedinanoxygen-freeenvironmentfortheentirestudyperiod.Contrarytoexpectations,theoxygen-treatedpeatsproducedahigheramountofmethanethanthepeatsmaintainedundercontinuouslyoxygen-freeconditions.(為了探究這一現(xiàn)象，張和她的團隊分析了從美國東北部一個濕地采集的泥炭樣本。一組樣本接受了氧氣處理，然后在無氧條件下進行培養(yǎng)。另一組樣本在整個研第14頁/共27頁究期間都處于無氧環(huán)境中。與預(yù)期相反，經(jīng)過氧氣處理的泥炭產(chǎn)生的甲烷量比持續(xù)無氧條件下的泥炭要多)”以及第四段“findoutwhy,theresearchersanalyzedallthemicrobesfoundinthepeatsamples.Theyfoundthatoxygenstimulatedsomemicrobestobreakdownharmfulchemicals,whichwouldotherwisethreatentheentiremicrobialcommunity,includingmethane-producingArchaea.(為了找出原因，研究人員分析了泥炭樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)的所有微生物。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)氧氣刺激了一些微生物分解有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)，否則這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)會威脅到整個微生物群落，包括產(chǎn)生甲烷的古細(xì)菌)”可知，張分析濕地土壤中的微生物是為了探究氧氣在甲烷產(chǎn)生過程中所起的作用。故選C項?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Zhang’sworksuggeststhatoxygenvariabilityisanimportantcontrolonwetlandmethaneproduction.Herteamisalsoexploringfurtherhowoxygenvariabilityfordifferentlengthsoftime,andhowdifferentsoilchemistriesinfluencemicrobialmethaneproduction.(張的研究表明，氧氣的變化是控制濕地甲烷產(chǎn)生的重要因素。她的團隊還在進一步探索不同時間長度的氧氣變化，以及不同的土壤化學(xué)成分如何影響微生物產(chǎn)生甲烷)”可知，氧氣的變化是控制濕地甲烷產(chǎn)生的重要因素，所以可以通過調(diào)整土壤的氧氣水平來減少濕地甲烷的產(chǎn)生。故選D項?！?5題詳解】OneoftheenvironmentalquestionsZhangisexploringiswhymethane,asignificantgreenhousegas,isincreasingintheatmosphere.(重要的溫室氣體，為何在大氣中的含量正在增加)”和第二段中的“However,researchershavebeensurprisedtofindthatquitealotofmethanecomesfromtheoxygen-richpeat(泥炭)andsoilnearthesurface.(然而，研究人員驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，相當(dāng)多的甲烷來自（濕地）地表附近富含氧氣的泥炭和土壤)”以及下文中張新寧和她的團隊為此所做的研究可知，文章主要講述了張新寧對濕地產(chǎn)生甲烷的研究，包括濕地中微生物產(chǎn)生甲烷的過程以及氧氣在其中的作用等，重點是探究是什么驅(qū)動了濕地中甲烷的產(chǎn)生，所以題目“是什么驅(qū)動了濕地中甲烷的產(chǎn)生”概括了文章的主題，最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B項。第二節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)Parentingisaconstantbalancingact.wanttoteachourchildrenimportantlifelessons,whilealsomaintainingharmonyathomeandavoidingunnecessaryconflicts.____36____Recently,my13-year-olddaughteraskedmetobuyhera$28phonecase.Heroldonewasn’tbrokenorwornout;shewasjustboredofit._____37_____However,saying“no”inmomentslikethisisn’teasy.Therequestfeltsmall,butIknewtherewasabiggerlessontoteach.It’saboutteachingourchildrentothinkcriticallyabouttheir第15頁/共27頁spending.Atthesametime,wedon’twanttocomeacrossasoverlystrictordismissiveoftheirfeelings.Inthiscase,Irealizedmydaughter’srequestwasn’tjustaboutthephonecase;itwasaboutherdesireforsomethingnew,trendy,andexciting._____38_____Afterall,toa13-year-old,anewphonecasemightfeellikeabigdeal,awaytoexpressthemselvesorfitinwiththeirfriends.Sohowdowefindthemiddleground?Insteadofshuttingdowntheconversation,Iuseditasanopportunitytotalkaboutwantsandneeds.Iexplainedthatwemustprioritizewhat’sessentialoverimpulse(沖動)purchases._____39_____Ialsoacknowledgedherfeelings.“Igetit,”Itoldher.Sometimeswejustwantsomethingnewbecauseitfeelsexciting.Thissoftenedtheconversationandmadehermorewillingtolisten.Insteadofaflat-out“no”,Isuggestedacompromise(妥協(xié)).Iherthreeoptions:earnit,waititoutorexplorealternatives.____40____Itwasaboutguidingmydaughtertowardbetterdecisio