2022河南中考英語試卷+答案+解析

2022年河南省初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試(滿分120分,時間100分鐘)一、聽力理解(20小題,每小題1分,共20分)(略)二、閱讀理解(20小題,每小題2分,共40分)閱讀下面四篇語言材料,然后按文后要求做題。APassage1(2022河南,A)Finally,youfinishallyourschoolworkandsitbackinyourchair.Suddenlyyoufeelaheadacheandrealizeyoureyesarepainful.Whatsgoingon?Doctorssaythatmanystudentsarespendingtoomuchtimeinfrontofscreens,especiallyduringonlineclasses.Thefollowingmightbeofsomehelptoyou.THE20?20?20RULEThisgivesyoureyesabreakfromlongscreentime.Itsuggestslookingatsomethingatleast20feetawayfor20secondsafter20minutesofworkonthescreen.Youcanthencontinueworkingpainfree.?Studiesshowthatpeopleblink(眨眼睛)lessoftenwhenlookingatascreen.Keepyoureyeswetbyblinkingoftenorusingeyedrops.?Situpstraightaboutanarmslength(長度)awayfromthescreen.Makesureyourelookingdownatyourscreen.Standupandexerciseoftentoavoidneckandshoulderpain.?Whataboutbluelightblockingglasses(防藍(lán)光眼鏡)?Theymaylookcool,butresearchshowsthatbluelightisntthebiggestcauseofeyetiredness.Soaskdoctorsaboutcomputerglassesbeforeputtingthemon.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。1.Whoisthetextwrittenfor?A.Parents.B.Students.C.Doctors.D.Patients.2.Whatarethekeywordsinthe20?20?20rule?A.20minutes,20feet,20times.B.20seconds,20times,20feet.C.20feet,20seconds,20minutes.D.20times,20minutes,20seconds.3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentenceinthetext?ABCD4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thereasonsforeyetiredness.B.Theinfluenceofonlineclasses.C.Theimportanceofcomputerglasses.D.Thesuggestionsabouteyeprotection.5.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoureadthetext?A.Health.B.Sports.C.Culture.D.Travel.BPassage1(2022河南,B)Joeywashappybecausehehadmanyspecialfriends—foursquirrels(松鼠),tworabbits,andmanycolorfulbirds.Atthemealtime,thesewildanimalscameneartothefamilyandtheywouldfeedthesespecialfriends.Inthelargeyardstoodthirteentreesofdifferentsizes.Oneday,whileJoeywasplayingwithhissisterunderthetrees,henoticedthatatreetrunk(樹干)hadasadlook.Heranintothehousetotellhismomaboutit.ShetoldJoeytofindthereasonwhyitwassad.SoJoeywentintotheyard,rantothesadtreeandasked,“Whyareyouunhappy?”“Iamthesmallesttreearound.Thebirdsdontflytome.Therabbitsdonteatgrassunderme.Thesquirrelsdontclimbtomytop.Nobodyneedsmeorlovesme,”repliedthesadtree.Afterknowingthereason,thefamilyhadameeting.Joeysuggestedmakingaseatunderthesadtree.Joeysfathersaidhecouldhelpmakeaseataroundthetree.Thefamilywouldsitunderthetreeandthetreewouldntfeelsadanymore.WhenJoeytoldhisspecialfriendsthetreewassad,theydecidedtodowhattheycouldtohelpmakethesadtreehappyagain.Earlythenextmorning,whenJoeywokeup,henoticedbirdssinginghappilyinthelittletreeandsawsquirrelsrunningupanddowninit.Rabbitswereeatingthefreshgrassaroundthetree.Thelittletreewashappyagain.Joeyraninsidetotellthegoodnewstohisfamily.Joeysmotherandfatherwentintotheyardandsawthehappytree.“Letsstarttobuildtheseatsaroundthetrees.Iwillneedhelptobuildthem.Getthenails(釘子)forme,Joey,”saidthefather.“Icanhelpyouholdthenails,Dad,”saidJoeyssister.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。1.Whydidthetreefeelsad?A.BecauseJoeydidnttalktoit.B.Becauseitthoughtnoonelikedit.C.Becauseitwastheonlytreeintheyard.D.BecauseJoeyssisterdidntplaywithit.2.Whatisthecorrectorderaccordingtothetext?a.Joeywenttofindoutwhythetreewassad.b.Joeysspecialfriendsdecidedtohelpthetree.c.Joeyfoundatreeunhappywhenhewasplaying.d.Joeysfatherstartedtobuildtheseatsaroundthetrees.e.Joeysfamilydiscussedhowtomakethesadtreehappy.A.a-b-d-c-eB.b-a-c-e-dC.c-a-e-b-dD.d-c-a-b-e3.WhichwordscanbestdescribeJoeysfamily?A.Seriousandpolite.B.Braveandhonest.C.Quietandfriendly.D.Kindandhelpful.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Thedifficultybroughtthefamilytogether.B.Lovehelpedthetreebecomehappyagain.C.Thespecialfriendswerethankfultothetree.D.Thetreespreadhappinesstoeveryonearoundit.5.Whatisthetext?A.Astory.B.Apoem.C.Aninterview.D.Anintroduction.CPassage1(2022河南,C)Theresnothingquitelikefallingsoundasleepafterafulldayofwork.Likepeople,animalsneedtorestafterworkinghard.Someanimalssleepinwater.Othersdigholesundertheground.Someevensleephighintreesorunderleaves.Buttheyallfindawaytorest.Someanimalsintheseasleepinstrangeways.Fishsleepwiththeireyesopen.Theyseemtolookaheadfarintotheseawhiletheyrest.Seaotterssometimessleepinbedsoftheplantsthatgrowinthesea.Thiskeepsthemfrommovingaway.Parrotfishblowsomethingfromtheirmouthswhentheyarereadytosleep.Thenabubble(氣泡)willbeformedaroundthem.Thebubbleprotectsthemfromharmwhiletheysleep.Someanimalssleepundertheground.Chipmunks(花栗鼠)sleepcurledup(蜷縮)inaball.Theirbedsaremadeofleavesandgrass.Inwinter,theysleepfortwoweeksandwakeuptoeatthestoredfood.Thentheygobacktosleepforanothertwoweeksbeforewakingupagain.Somedesertfrogsdigundergroundholesduringthehot,dryseason.Afrogmaystayinitsholeformonths.Highabovetheground,monkeysfindleafyplacesintreeseacheveningbeforetheysleep.Thetalltreeshelptokeepmonkeyssafeduringthenight.Someinsectsevensleepundertheleafthatwillbetheirnextmeal.Abeemayclimbdownintoaflowertorest.Whenitclimbsoutthenextmorning,itisrestedandreadyforwork.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。1.Whatanimalsblowbubbleswhentheysleep?A.Seaotters.B.Monkeys.C.Desertfrogs.D.Parrotfish.2.Whatdoweknowaboutchipmunksaccordingtothetext?A.Theyrestwiththeireyesopen.B.Theyneversleepcurledupinaball.C.Theywakeupnowandtheninwinter.D.Theydonteatanyfoodduringthewinter.3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theforestwheremonkeyssleepsafely.B.Theanimalsthatsleepabovetheground.C.Thereasonwhybeesclimbdownintoflowers.D.Thewaysthatkeepanimalsawayfromdanger.4.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?(P=Paragraph)ABCD5.Whatsthebesttitleforthetext?A.Whereanimalslive?B.Whyanimalsmove?C.Howanimalssleep?D.Whatanimalsfeedon?DPassage1(2022河南,D)Haveyouevertriedwritingapoem?Maybeyouthinkitisimpossibleespeciallyifyoudonotthinkyouarenaturallycreative.Butifyoufollowthestepsbelow,youcanalsowriteabetterpoemthanyouexpected.1

◆Pickatheme(主題)thatinterestsyou.Findthethemethatyouareinterestedin.2“Loveandfriendship”isalwaysthethemeforapoem.

◆Chooseaformforyourpoem.Getyourcreativemindsworkingbypickingapoeticform.Youmaychooseapoeticformthatyoufindeasy.◆Useyourimaginations.Youshouldalwaystrytodescribesomethingusingthefivesenses.3Usingimaginationswillleadyourreadersintotheworldofyourpoemandmakeimages(意象)comealiveforthem.

◆4Youcoulduse“theheartofstone”“aswhiteassnow”andsoon.Withtheseexpressions,yourpoemwillbedifferent.Theycanmakeyourpoemapieceofwonderfulworktoyourreaders.

◆Readthepoemoutloud.Onceyouhavecompletedapoem,youshouldreaditaloudtoyourself.5Payattentiontohoweachlineofyourpoemmovesintothenextsmoothly.Keepapenclosebysoyoucanmarkanylinesorwordsthatsounddifficultandstrange.

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容,從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項,使文章意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。A.Makeuseofspecialexpressions.B.Startyourpoemwithaclearidea.C.Noticehowthewordssoundonthepage.D.Theyaresmell,taste,touch,sightandsound.E.Youwillbeproudtoshareitwithyourfriends.三、完形填空(15小題,每小題1分,共15分)Cloze1(2022河南)先通讀短文,掌握其大意,然后從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個可以填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳答案。Bellaarrivedhomelatefromschoolthatday.Whenshewalkedpasthermothersroomshefoundhermumwas1inbed,andseemedtobeveryweak.

Bellaenteredherroomandheardthecriesfromherlittlesister.Sheknewherdadwouldexpectherto2hersister.Andshealsohadtopreparemealsforthewholefamily3hermumdidbefore.Bellathoughtitwasnot4becauseshealsohadschoolworktodo,justlikeeveryoneelseinherclass.Whydidshehavetobethegrown?up?

Whenshegotoutoftheroom,shesawher5sittingatthekitchentable,lonelyandtired.Suddenly,somethinghappenedinsideBella.She6thatherfather,aswellasahusband,mustbereally7.

Thensheheardadeepvoicefromherfather,“Makethe8,willyou,Bella?”

Shewasgoingtofinda(n)9tomeetherfriends,butshestoppedandsaidtoherself,“Itisa10timeforeveryoneinourfamily.IguessmakingmealsisjustwhatIcandotohelp.”Thenshe11wentintothekitchenandbeganpeeling(削)potatoes.

“OK,Daddy,”saidBella.“Everythingwillbeallrightandwecan12.”Atthemoment,shesawasmileonherfathersface.Shefelt13—grown?up,somehow.Itwasreallygoodto14asmiletoherfathersface,evenforonlyamoment.

“Daddy,whateverhappens,wewillbeOK.Right?”“Yes,wewill.Ifwe15eachother,wellalwaysbeallright.”

Theybothsmiledateachotheroverthetable.1.A.stillB.onlyC.evenD.almost2.A.lookforB.lookafterC.lookoverD.lookthrough3.A.asB.untilC.sinceD.unless4.A.clearB.readyC.fairD.true5.A.brotherB.sisterC.mumD.dad6.A.explainedB.expectedC.realizedD.promised7.A.movedB.worriedC.pleasedD.surprised8.A.bedB.tableC.dinnerD.present9.A.excuseB.suggestionC.exampleD.question10.A.fullB.hardC.goodD.right11.A.simplyB.bravelyC.quietlyD.suddenly12.A.decideB.manageC.forgetD.understand13.A.terribleB.wrongC.luckyD.different14.A.bringB.keepC.turnD.hold15.A.refuseB.controlC.supportD.introduce四、語篇填空(15小題,每小題1分,共15分)第一節(jié)Cloze1(2022河南)閱讀短文,從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空,使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞,每詞限用一次。childhelpifwaywhichsolveintolongdeveloptheyHandwashingwithsoapcanreduce(減少)illnesses.Oneoftheeasiest1tostopthespreadofillnessistowashyourhands.Butmanychildrenhavent2therighthabitofhandwashing.Childrendonotwash3handsoftenenoughorlongenough.Itssuchasimplehabit,butthechildrenarentdoingit.

Issarandhisfrienddecidedto4theproblemusingafunmethod.TheytriedmanytimesandcreatedatoolcalledSoapen.Itturnedhandwashing5afunactivity.

Asthenamesuggests,Soapenisapen6ismadeoutofsoap.ThechildrendrawonhandswiththeSoapenandthenwashthedrawingoff.Thecolorswillremainonthechildrenshands7theydontspendenoughtimewashingthemoff.Itisvery8forateacherinaclassroom.Afterall,notalltheteachershavethetimetomakeeach9washhishandsproperly.

“Childrenwashhandsmuch10thanbeforenowbecausetheylikedrawingonhands.Soapendoeshelpchildrenmakeagoodhabitofhandwashing,”saidIssar.

第二節(jié)Cloze1(2022河南)閱讀短文,根據(jù)語篇要求填空,使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞。Agreatsayingalwayshelpsalot.There1alotofgreatChinesesayingsandmanyofthemareabouthowtolive2goodlife.WhatsyourfavoriteChinesesaying?Vote(投票)foryourfavoritesayingandtelluswhyyoulikeit.

Myfavoritesayingis,“Tohavefaults(錯誤)andnottocorrectthem,this,indeed,istohavefaults.”Iagreewiththesaying.Forexample,3tookmemuchtimetolearnnewwordswhenIbeganlearningChinese.Ididntwanttoputinthetimetopractice.Thatwasmygreatestweakness.SoItry4correctitbyfindinganenjoyablewaytostudy.Readingisreallyagoodstart.

“WhenIhavetwootherswithme,Icanalwaysfindonetobemyteacher”isoneofmyfavorites.WheneverIpractice5myclassmates,Iwillthinkofthisgreatsaying.Icanlearnalotfromothers,evenfromthemistakes.

五、補(bǔ)全對話(5小題,每小題2分,共10分)Passage1(2022河南)根據(jù)下面的對話情景,在每個空白處填上一個適當(dāng)?shù)木渥?使對話的意思連貫、完整。A:Hi,Alex.Howareyoudoingtoday?B:Asbusyasabee.1..

A:Aproject?B:Yes.ItsmyEnglishhomework.A:Soundsinteresting.2.?

B:Itisaboutmygreathometown.WearegoingtomakeanintroductiontoHenan.Wehopepeoplewillgettoknowmoreaboutmyhometown.A:Howspecialyourhomeworkis!B:ButIdontknowhowtomakeitmorecreative.3.?

A:Noproblem.Pleasetellmewhatyouaregoingtotalkaboutinyourproject.B:Hmm,letmesee...4..

A:Great!Whynotgotoourschoollibrarytofindmoreinformation?B:Goodidea.5.?

A:Sure,Idloveto.Letsgo.六、書面表達(dá)(20分)Writing1(2022河南)閱讀是英語學(xué)習(xí)的重要途徑。請你結(jié)合下面圖示信息,以“HowreadingimprovesmyEnglish”為題,根據(jù)寫作要求,用英語寫一篇短文,向?qū)W校校刊的英語專欄投稿。寫作要求:1)文中須包含上圖提示的所有信息,可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮;2)文中不得出現(xiàn)考生的真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱;3)詞數(shù)100左右(開頭已給出,不計入總詞數(shù))。參考詞匯:improve提高HowreadingimprovesmyEnglishReadingplaysanimportantroleinmyEnglishlearning.

2022年河南省初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試(滿分120分,時間100分鐘)APassage1本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。為學(xué)生們介紹了一些科學(xué)護(hù)眼用眼的建議。主題語境屬于“人與自我”主題范疇中“生活與學(xué)習(xí)”這一主題群,涉及子主題“身心健康,抗挫能力,珍愛生命的意識”。1.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一句Finally,youfinishallyourschoolwork...可知,此文是寫給學(xué)生的。故選B。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中THE20?20?20RULE方框中atleast20feetawayfor20secondsafter20minutesofwork可知選C。3.D圖文轉(zhuǎn)換題。根據(jù)畫線部分的意思“在離屏幕一臂長度的距離坐直”可知,圖D符合。故選D。4.D主旨大意題。根據(jù)所列出的三條建議可知,本文主要介紹了護(hù)眼建議。故選D。5.A文章主題題。本文主要內(nèi)容是為學(xué)生們介紹一些科學(xué)護(hù)眼用眼的建議,與健康有關(guān)。故選A。BPassage1本文是一篇記敘文。用擬人的手法講述了Joey和他的家人和動物朋友們想方設(shè)法使一棵不開心的樹重新開心的故事。主題語境屬于“人與社會”主題范疇中“社會服務(wù)與人際溝通”主題群,涉及子主題“良好的人際關(guān)系與人際交往”。1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段末Nobodyneedsmeorlovesme可知選B。2.C邏輯排序題。根據(jù)故事發(fā)生的先后順序可知Joeyfoundatreeunhappywhenhewasplaying.是最先發(fā)生的,故選C。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)Joey家的每個家庭成員的做法可知,他們都很善良并且樂于助人。故選D。4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)Joey一家人和動物朋友們幫助一棵不開心的樹重新開心的行為可知,是“愛”幫助了那棵樹重新開心起來。故選B。5.A語篇類型題。根據(jù)整個語篇的內(nèi)容和按照事情發(fā)生的順序進(jìn)行敘述可知,本文是一個故事。故選A。CPassage1本文是一篇說明文。介紹了一些動物的睡眠方式。主題語境屬于“人與自然”主題范疇中“自然生態(tài)”這一主題群,涉及子主題“常見的動物,動物的特征與生活環(huán)境”。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后三句話可知選D。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Inwinter,theysleepfortwoweeksandwakeuptoeatthestoredfood.Thentheygobacktosleepforanothertwoweeksbeforewakingupagain.可知,花栗鼠在冬眠時常醒來。故選C。3.B段落大意題。最后一段主要介紹了在地面上方睡眠的動物。故選B。4.A篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。本文結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,第一段引出話題,總領(lǐng)全文,第二段、第三段、第四段分別介紹了動物的不同睡眠方式。故選A。5.C標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了動物的不同睡眠方式。故選C。DPassage1本文是一篇說明文。分五個步驟介紹了寫詩的方法。主題語境屬于“人與自我”主題范疇中“生活與學(xué)習(xí)”這一主題群,涉及子主題“積極的學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn),恰當(dāng)?shù)膶W(xué)習(xí)方法與策略,勤學(xué)善思”。1.E空前youcanalsowriteabetterpoemthanyouexpected與E項是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,故E項符合語境。2.B前文中的theme與B項中的aclearidea所指內(nèi)容一致。3.D前文中thefivesenses與D項中smell,taste,touch,sightandsound所指內(nèi)容一致。4.AA項中specialexpressions與下句中theheartofstone和aswhiteassnow相呼應(yīng)。5.C本段中的readitaloud與C項中的howthewordssound相對應(yīng)。Cloze1本文是一篇記敘文。Bella在母親生病時勇敢挑起家庭重?fù)?dān),和家人一起渡過難關(guān),而自己也在此過程中逐漸成長。主題語境屬于“人與自我”主題范疇中“生活與學(xué)習(xí)”這一主題群,涉及子主題“豐富、充實(shí)、積極向上的生活”。1.A根據(jù)語境可知,她媽媽在該起床的時間卻仍然在床上躺著。故選A。2.B根據(jù)語境可知,她爸爸想讓她照看妹妹。故選B。3.Aas像……一樣;until直到……為止;since自從;unless除非。根據(jù)句意可知,她不得不像媽媽以前那樣為全家人準(zhǔn)備飯菜。故選A。4.C根據(jù)語境可知Bella認(rèn)為那樣對她來說不公平,因?yàn)橄癜嗬锏钠渌艘粯?她也有作業(yè)要做,故選C。5.D根據(jù)下文可知,她看見爸爸坐在廚房的桌子旁。故選D。6.C根據(jù)somethinghappenedinsideBella可知,她意識到了什么。realize意識到。故選C。7.B根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容可知,她父親在為家里的狀況擔(dān)心,故選B。8.C根據(jù)下一段最后一句中wentintothekitchenandbeganpeelingpotatoes可知,她的父親想讓她去做飯。故選C。9.A根據(jù)butshestopped可知,起初她不想做飯,想找個理由去見朋友。故選A。10.B根據(jù)前文可知,她媽媽生病,因此她家正經(jīng)歷困難時期。故選B。11.C前文對她的心理活動的描寫表現(xiàn)了她經(jīng)過思考,決定幫助父母做家務(wù)的轉(zhuǎn)變。結(jié)合選項,此處指她安靜地走進(jìn)廚房開始削土豆。故選C。12.B根據(jù)Everythingwillbeallright可知,此處指“我們能夠想方設(shè)法(渡過難關(guān))”。manage設(shè)法做成。故選B。13.D設(shè)空處后面的詞為grown?up,看到她父親臉上的微笑,她感到自己和以前不同了(長大了)。故選D。14.Abringsth.tosb.意為“給某人帶來某物”。此處指她給父親帶來了微笑。故選A。15.C根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示“如果我們互相支持,我們就會好的”,support支持。故選C。Cloze1本文是一篇說明文。為了讓孩子們養(yǎng)成經(jīng)常洗手的好習(xí)慣,Issar和他的朋友發(fā)明了Soapen,把洗手變成了一項有趣的活動。主題語境屬于“人與社會”主題范疇中“科學(xué)與技術(shù)”這一主題群,涉及子主題“科學(xué)技術(shù)與工程,人類發(fā)明與創(chuàng)新”。1.ways考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。此處談?wù)摰氖欠乐辜膊鞑サ姆椒?故此空應(yīng)選擇way,又根據(jù)“oneofthe+形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”可知,way應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填ways。2.developed考查過去分詞。此處表示“養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣”,應(yīng)用develop的適當(dāng)形式,且設(shè)空處前有現(xiàn)在完成時的助動詞have,故填develop的過去分詞形式developed。3.their考查形容詞性物主代詞。此處指洗他們的手。設(shè)空處修飾其后的名詞hands,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。4.solve考查動詞。此處表示“解決問題”,應(yīng)用solve的適當(dāng)形式。decidetodosth.決定做某事,其中to為動詞不定式符號,故填o考查固定搭配。o...意為“把……變成……”。故填into。6.which考查定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,apen為先行詞,設(shè)空處在定語從句中作主語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞。故填which。7.if考查條件狀語從句。空后“他們不花足夠的時間洗掉它們”是空前“顏色會留在孩子們的手上”的條件,應(yīng)用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,表示“如果”。故填if。8.helpful考查形容詞。此處表示“對老師來說很有用”,設(shè)空處作表語,應(yīng)填形容詞。故填helpful。9.child考查名詞。本文開頭提到的就是孩子們不愿洗手的問題,所以這里說的是孩子,each后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),故填child。10.longer考查形容詞的比較級。根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的than可知應(yīng)填比較級。此處表示“孩子們現(xiàn)在洗手的時間比以前長多了”。故填longer。Cloze1本文是一篇應(yīng)用文,介紹了一些中國的經(jīng)典格言。主題語境屬于“人與社會”主題范疇中“歷史、社會與文化”這一主題群,涉及子主題“跨文化溝通與交流,語言與文化”。1.are考查There