2025全國英語等級考試（PETS）二級試卷：英語學(xué)術(shù)論文閱讀

2025全國英語等級考試（PETS）二級試卷：英語學(xué)術(shù)論文閱讀考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項選擇要求：從每小題的四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Theauthorarguesthatthemaincauseofclimatechangeis_______.A.naturaldisastersB.humanactivitiesC.volcaniceruptionsD.solarflares2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasapotentialsolutiontoclimatechange?A.RenewableenergysourcesB.CarbontradingC.NuclearpowerD.Populationcontrol3.Theword"mitigation"inthesecondparagraphcanbebestreplacedby_______.A.preventionB.reductionC.controlD.elimination4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbytheevidencepresentedinthepassage?A.Theimpactofclimatechangeislimitedtocertainregions.B.Theeffectsofclimatechangearereversible.C.Thescientificcommunityhasreachedaconsensusontheextentofclimatechange.D.Theprimarycauseofclimatechangeisnatural.5.Theauthorusestheexampleofmeltingicecapsto_______.A.illustratetheseverityofclimatechangeB.supportthetheoryofglobalwarmingC.argueagainsttheideaofhuman-causedclimatechangeD.discusstheeconomicimpactofclimatechange6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeoftheKyotoProtocol?A.ToreducegreenhousegasemissionsB.TopromotetheuseofrenewableenergyC.ToestablishaglobalcarbontradingsystemD.Toprovidefinancialassistancetodevelopingcountries7.Theauthorsuggeststhat_______.A.thescientificcommunityisdividedontheissueofclimatechangeB.theeffectsofclimatechangearenotassevereaspredictedC.theeconomiccostofaddressingclimatechangeistoohighD.humanactivitiesaretheprimarycauseofclimatechange8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaconsequenceofclimatechange?A.RisingsealevelsB.MorefrequentandsevereweathereventsC.IncreaseddesertificationD.Adecreaseintheozonelayer9.Theauthorusestheterm"carbonfootprint"to_______.A.describetheamountofcarbondioxideemittedbyanindividualB.comparetheenvironmentalimpactofdifferentcountriesC.explaintheconceptofglobalwarmingD.discusstheroleofforestsinmitigatingclimatechange10.Whichofthefollowingisthemosteffectivewaytoreduceone'scarbonfootprint?A.BuyinganewcarB.UsingpublictransportationC.FlyingfrequentlyD.Eatingmeat二、完形填空要求：從每小題的四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Theriseinglobaltemperaturesoverthepastcenturyhasledtoavarietyofenvironmentalchanges,includingmeltingicecaps,risingsealevels,andmorefrequentandsevereweatherevents.WhilesomescientistsarguethatthesechangesareanaturalpartofEarth'sclimatesystem,othersbelievethathumanactivitiesareprimarilyresponsible.Theprimarycauseofclimatechangeistheincreaseingreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.Thesegasestrapheatandleadtoawarmingoftheplanet.Themainsourcesofgreenhousegasesare_______.1.Thepassagementionsseveralpotentialsolutionstoclimatechange.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentioned?A.RenewableenergysourcesB.CarbontradingC.NuclearpowerD.Populationcontrol2.Theauthorsuggeststhatthe_______ofclimatechangeisnotfullyunderstood.A.causesB.effectsC.solutionsD.economicimpact3.TheKyotoProtocolwasestablishedto_______.A.reducegreenhousegasemissionsB.promotetheuseofrenewableenergyC.establishaglobalcarbontradingsystemD.providefinancialassistancetodevelopingcountries4.Theauthorusestheexampleofmeltingicecapsto_______.A.illustratetheseverityofclimatechangeB.supportthetheoryofglobalwarmingC.argueagainsttheideaofhuman-causedclimatechangeD.discusstheeconomicimpactofclimatechange5.Theauthorsuggeststhat_______.A.thescientificcommunityisdividedontheissueofclimatechangeB.theeffectsofclimatechangearenotassevereaspredictedC.theeconomiccostofaddressingclimatechangeistoohighD.humanactivitiesaretheprimarycauseofclimatechange6.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTaconsequenceofclimatechange?A.RisingsealevelsB.MorefrequentandsevereweathereventsC.IncreaseddesertificationD.Adecreaseintheozonelayer7.Theauthorusestheterm"carbonfootprint"to_______.A.describetheamountofcarbondioxideemittedbyanindividualB.comparetheenvironmentalimpactofdifferentcountriesC.explaintheconceptofglobalwarmingD.discusstheroleofforestsinmitigatingclimatechange8.Whichofthefollowingisthemosteffectivewaytoreduceone'scarbonfootprint?A.BuyinganewcarB.UsingpublictransportationC.FlyingfrequentlyD.Eatingmeat9.Theauthorsuggeststhatthe_______ofclimatechangeisnotfullyunderstood.A.causesB.effectsC.solutionsD.economicimpact10.Thepassagementionsseveralpotentialsolutionstoclimatechange.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentioned?A.RenewableenergysourcesB.CarbontradingC.NuclearpowerD.Populationcontrol三、閱讀理解要求：閱讀以下短文，然后回答問題。Thedebateoverclimatechangehasbeenahottopicinrecentyears.WhilesomescientistsarguethattheEarth'sclimatesystemisnaturallyvariableandthattherecentchangesarepartofanaturalcycle,othersbelievethathumanactivitiesareprimarilyresponsibleforthewarmingoftheplanet.Oneofthemainpiecesofevidencesupportingthetheoryofhuman-causedclimatechangeistheincreaseingreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.Thesegases,suchascarbondioxideandmethane,trapheatandleadtoawarmingoftheplanet.Theprimarysourcesofgreenhousegasesare_______.1.Whatisthemaincauseofclimatechangeaccordingtothepassage?A.NaturaldisastersB.HumanactivitiesC.VolcaniceruptionsD.Solarflares2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasapotentialsolutiontoclimatechange?A.RenewableenergysourcesB.CarbontradingC.NuclearpowerD.Populationcontrol3.Theauthorusestheexampleofmeltingicecapsto_______.A.illustratetheseverityofclimatechangeB.supportthetheoryofglobalwarmingC.argueagainsttheideaofhuman-causedclimatechangeD.discusstheeconomicimpactofclimatechange4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeoftheKyotoProtocol?A.ToreducegreenhousegasemissionsB.TopromotetheuseofrenewableenergyC.ToestablishaglobalcarbontradingsystemD.Toprovidefinancialassistancetodevelopingcountries5.Theauthorsuggeststhat_______.A.thescientificcommunityisdividedontheissueofclimatechangeB.theeffectsofclimatechangearenotassevereaspredictedC.theeconomiccostofaddressingclimatechangeistoohighD.humanactivitiesaretheprimarycauseofclimatechange6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaconsequenceofclimatechange?A.RisingsealevelsB.MorefrequentandsevereweathereventsC.IncreaseddesertificationD.Adecreaseintheozonelayer7.Theauthorusestheterm"carbonfootprint"to_______.A.describetheamountofcarbondioxideemittedbyanindividualB.comparetheenvironmentalimpactofdifferentcountriesC.explaintheconceptofglobalwarmingD.discusstheroleofforestsinmitigatingclimatechange8.Whichofthefollowingisthemosteffectivewaytoreduceone'scarbonfootprint?A.BuyinganewcarB.UsingpublictransportationC.FlyingfrequentlyD.Eatingmeat9.Theauthorsuggeststhatthe_______ofclimatechangeisnotfullyunderstood.A.causesB.effectsC.solutionsD.economicimpact10.Whatisthemaincauseofclimatechangeaccordingtothepassage?A.NaturaldisastersB.HumanactivitiesC.VolcaniceruptionsD.Solarflares四、翻譯要求：將下列句子從英語翻譯成中文。1.Therapidindustrializationinthepastcenturyhassignificantlyincreasedthelevelsofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.2.Itiscrucialthatwetakeimmediateactiontomitigatetheeffectsofclimatechange.3.Themeltingofpolaricecapsisaclearindicationthatglobaltemperaturesarerising.4.TheKyotoProtocolaimstoreducegreenhousegasemissionsbysettingbindingtargetsforparticipatingcountries.5.Renewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower,areconsideredtobesustainablealternativestofossilfuels.6.Thescientificconsensusisthathumanactivitiesaretheprimarydriverofclimatechange.7.Populationgrowthandurbanizationarecontributingfactorstotheincreaseingreenhousegasemissions.8.Itisessentialtopromotesustainablepracticesinagriculturetoreducethecarbonfootprintofthefoodindustry.9.Theeffectsofclimatechangearebecomingmorepronouncedwitheachpassingyear,posingsignificantchallengestoecosystemsandhumansocieties.10.Theglobalcommunitymustworktogethertodevelopandimplementeffectivestrategiesforaddressingclimatechange.五、閱讀理解要求：閱讀以下短文，然后回答問題。Theglobalclimatechangecrisishasbecomeapressingissuethatrequiresimmediateattentionandaction.AstheEarth'stemperaturecontinuestorise,theconsequencesarebecomingincreasinglyevident,affectingbothnaturalecosystemsandhumansocieties.Oneofthemostsignificantimpactsofclimatechangeisthemeltingofpolaricecaps.Thisprocessisnotonlycontributingtorisingsealevelsbutalsoalteringoceancurrentsandweatherpatterns.Thelossofseaiceisalsohavingadetrimentaleffectonpolarbearpopulations,astheirnaturalhabitatisshrinking.Anotherconsequenceofclimatechangeismorefrequentandsevereweatherevents.Increasedtemperaturescanleadtomoreintensehurricanes,droughts,andfloods.Theseeventshavethepotentialtocausewidespreaddamagetoinfrastructure,agriculture,andhumansettlements.1.Whatisthemaincauseofthemeltingofpolaricecapsaccordingtothepassage?2.Howdoesthemeltingofpolaricecapsaffectoceancurrentsandweatherpatterns?3.Whatisoneoftheconsequencesofthemeltingofpolaricecapsforpolarbearpopulations?4.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethepotentialimpactsofclimatechangeonweatherpatterns?5.Howdoesclimatechangeaffectagricultureandhumansettlements?六、完形填空要求：從每小題的四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Theglobalclimatechangecrisisisacomplexissuethatrequiresamultifacetedapproachtoaddress.Whiletherearevariousfactorscontributingtoclimatechange,theprimarydriveristheincreaseingreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystomitigatetheeffectsofclimatechangeisbytransitioningtorenewableenergysources.Thesesources,suchassolarandwindpower,producelittletonogreenhousegasemissionscomparedtofossilfuels.1.Therapidindustrializationinthepastcenturyhassignificantlyincreasedthelevelsof_______intheatmosphere.2.Itiscrucialthatwetakeimmediateactionto_______theeffectsofclimatechange.3.Themeltingofpolaricecapsisaclearindicationthat_______arerising.4.TheKyotoProtocolaimsto_______greenhousegasemissionsbysettingbindingtargetsforparticipatingcountries.5.Renewableenergysources,suchas_______andwindpower,areconsideredtobesustainablealternativestofossilfuels.6.Thescientificconsensusisthat_______aretheprimarydriverofclimatechange.7.Populationgrowthandurbanizationarecontributingfactorstotheincreasein_______emissions.8.Itisessentialtopromote_______practicesinagriculturetoreducethecarbonfootprintofthefoodindustry.9.Theeffectsofclimatechangearebecomingmore_______witheachpassingyear,posingsignificantchallengestoecosystemsandhumansocieties.10.Theglobalcommunitymustworktogethertodevelopandimplement_______strategiesforaddressingclimatechange.本次試卷答案如下：一、單項選擇1.B2.C3.B4.D5.A6.A7.D8.D9.A10.B解析：1.根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，作者認為氣候變化的主要原因是人類活動，因此選B。2.文章中提到的潛在解決方案包括可再生能源、碳交易和核能，但沒有提到人口控制，因此選C