2021-2022學年海南省北京師范大學萬寧附屬中學高二上學期第一次月考英語試題 解析版

海南省北京師范大學萬寧附屬中學2021-2022學年高二上學期第一次月考英語試題一、閱讀選擇LearnWithHomerPrice:FreeGradelevel:Pre-K,KSkill:Comprehension,Phonics(拼讀法)Device:iPadIt’salearn-to-readappforkidsaged3to6thatincludesdrawing,voicerecording,stories,songs,andmore,alongwithmoretraditionalphonicsexercises.Thisappcanbehelpfulforkidswhohavespeechproductionproblemsandlanguageorganizationproblems.InspirationMapsPrice:$9.99Gradelevel:4thandaboveSkill:Comprehension,WritingDevice:iPadInspirationMapsisamind-mappingtoolthathelpskidsvisually(視覺上)organizeideas.Theycancreatemaps,organizers,brainstorms,andtextoutlines.Outlinescanbechangedtomaps,andmapscanbechangedtooutlines.Userscansharecreationsbyemailing,printing,orsavingtoiTunes,Dropbox,Photos,ortheapp(asPDForPNGfiles).TheLiteversion(簡化版本),whichisfree,letskidscreateuptofivemindmapswithnosharingchoices.Aesop’sQuestPrice:$0.99Skill:ComprehensionGradelevel:2nd,3rd,4thDevice:iPad,iPhone,iPodTouchAesop’sQuest,basedonAesop’sFables,isalearninggamewherethestudentmustrememberpartsofastorytocompletealevel.Attheendofeachstorylevel,thestudentisrewardedwithtests.Aftersolvingthetests,thestoryiscompleteandthechildcancontinuetothenextstory.DevelopedtogetherwiththeVirginiaDepartmentofEducation.LightSailGradelevel:Pre-K,K,1st,2nd,3rd,4thandabovePrice:FreeSkill:ComprehensionDevice:iPadLightSailisane-readingplatformthathelpsteacherssupporttheirstudents’independentreading.StudentscanuseLightSailtocheckouttextfromtheirschools’onlinelibrariesandreadthebooksdirectlyontheiriPad.Asstudentsprogressthroughabook,questionsappeartochecktheircomprehension.Asstudentscompletetheseassessments(評定),theyearnprizes.1．Whatdothefourappshaveincommon?A．Theytrytoimprovekids’comprehensionability.B．Theyaredevelopedforhigh-schoolstudents.C．TheycanbedownloadedontoiPhone.D．Theyarefreeofcharge.2．Whichappinspiresusers’visualimagination?A．LearnWithHomer B．Aesop’sQuest C．LightSail D．InspirationMaps3．WhatdoweknowabouttheappLightSail?A．Itisdevelopedonlyforteachers.B．Itisaplatformtosupportstudents’independentreading.C．Ithelpsuserstofinishtheirhomework.D．Itdevelopsusers’comprehensionthroughgames.【答案】1．A2．D3．B【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四款旨在提高孩子們閱讀能力的應(yīng)用軟件。1．細節(jié)理解題。由四款應(yīng)用中Skill部分中都提到Comprehension(閱讀理解)可知，四款應(yīng)用軟件都旨在提高孩子們的閱讀能力。故選A項。2．細節(jié)理解題。由InspirationMaps中的“InspirationMapsisamind-mappingtoolthathelpskidsvisually(視覺上)organizeideas.(InspirationMaps是一種思維導圖工具，幫助孩子們從視覺上組織想法)”可知，InspirationMaps可以激發(fā)孩子們的視覺想象力。故選D項。3．細節(jié)理解題。由LightSail中的“LightSailisane-readingplatformthathelpsteacherssupporttheirstudents’independentreading.(LightSail是一個幫助教師支持學生自主閱讀的電子閱讀平臺)”可知，LightSail是一個支持學生自主閱讀的平臺。故選B項。Wehumansareacuriousspecies．AsNASAsaysonitswebsite，"Humansaredriventoexploretheunknown，discovernewworlds，pushtheboundariesofourscientificandtechnicallimits，andthenpushfurther．"Andspaceexplorationiswherewe\ebeen"pushing"ourfurthestcuriosity．Theyear2019beganwithtwopiecesofexcitingspaceexplorationnews．OnJan．3，Chinalandedaspacecraft，Chang′e4，onthemoon'sfarside﹣thesidewecan′tseefromEarth﹣forthefirsttimeinhumanhistory．AndaccordingtoareportpublishedonJan．9inNature，scientistsfromtheCanadianHydrogenIntensityMappingExperiment（CHIME）detectedrepeatedradiosignalsfromagalaxy1.5billionlightyearsaway，possiblysentbyintelligentaliens．However，what，sevenmoreexcitingthanthenewsisthefactthatwheneverspeakingofspaceexploration，weforgetourpoliticalandculturaldifferences﹣thethingsthatsoobsessus．"Whenyougointospace，youbecomepartofthisoverallcollective（集體）called‘humanity，KenLiu，Chinese﹣Americansci﹣fiwriterandtranslator，toldQuartzwebsite．"You′renolongerChinese，American，Russian…Yourcultureisleftbehind．You'renowjust‘humanity'withacapital‘H'．"Thismagichasworkedallthewayalongourjourneyintospace．WhenUSastronautNeilArmstrong（1930﹣2012）becamethefirsthumantosetfootonthemoonin1969，forexample，hetoldtheworld："That'sonesmallstepforman，onegiantleapformankind，"Now，withChang'e4touchingdownonnewmoonterritory，China′saimistohelpscientistsfromaroundtheworldfindoutmoreaboutEarth'sonlysatellite．AndwiththediscoveryoftheCHIMEastronomers，we'reonestepclosertoansweringacommonquestioninscience："Arehumansaloneintheuniverse？"It'struethatweareacuriousspecies．Butinsteadofbeingcuriousaboutthe"unknown"，perhapswe'rereallymoreeagerto"pushfurther"ourownhuman"boundaries"and"limits"．4．WhichofthefollowingisthediscoveryoftheCHIMEscientists？A．Agalaxywithintelligentaliens．B．Repeatedradiosignalssentbyintelligentaliens．C．Repeatedradiosignalsfromadistantgalaxy．D．Radiosignalsfromagalaxyseveralyearsago．5．WhydoestheauthorquoteKenLiu'swords？A．Tointroducethefamouswriter，KenLiu．B．Toshowthatinspacewearejusthumanity．C．Toemphasizethatcultureisnotimportant．D．Tointroducethethingsthatobsessusverymuch．6．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph6？A．Furtherconfirmhisopinion．B．Addsomebackgroundinformation．C．Summarizethepreviousparagraphs．D．Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion．7．What'sthemainideaofthetext？A．Chinatakestheleadinspaceexploration．B．Humansarenotaloneintheuniverse．C．Spaceexplorationisacommoncauseofmankind，D．Humansdesiretopushtheboundariesofscientificlimits．【答案】4．C5．B6．A7．C【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述太空探索是人類共同的事業(yè)，這里沒有政治、國家的邊界，只有人類這一概念。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句scientistsfromtheCanadianHydrogenIntensityMappingExperiment（CHIME）detectedrepeatedradiosignalsfromagalaxy1.5billionlightyearsaway，possiblysentbyintelligentaliens．可知來自加拿大氫強度測繪實驗（CHIME）的科學家檢測到來自15億光年外星系的重復無線電信號，可能是由智能外星人發(fā)出的。由此可見，來自遙遠星系的重復無線電信號。故選C。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段第一句"Whenyougointospace，youbecomepartofthisoverallcollective（集體）called‘humanity，KenLiu，Chinese﹣Americansci﹣fiwriterandtranslator，toldQuartzwebsite．"You′renolongerChinese，American，Russian…Yourcultureisleftbehind．You'renowjust‘humanity'withacapital‘H'．"可知華裔美國科幻作家兼翻譯家劉肯（KenLiu）在Quartz網(wǎng)站上說："當你進入太空時，你會成為這個被稱為‘人性'的整體集體的一部分．你不再是中國人、美國人、俄羅斯人……你的文化被拋在了腦后．你現(xiàn)在只是‘人性'的一個大寫字母‘H'．"由此可見，作者引用KenLiu的話是為了證明在太空中我們只是人類。故選B。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段最后一句AndwiththediscoveryoftheCHIMEastronomers，we'reonestepclosertoansweringacommonquestioninscience："Arehumansaloneintheuniverse？"可知隨著編鐘天文學家的發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們離回答科學中的一個常見問題又近了一步："宇宙中只有人類嗎？"進一步證實他的觀點。故選A。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)這篇文章大意可知，本文主要講述太空探索是人類共同的事業(yè)，這里沒有政治、國家的邊界，只有人類這一概念。故選C。LiuJichen,23,astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity,hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled“ClearYourPlate”.Afterameal,userscanopenthemini-programandtakeapictureoftheiremptyplates.OncetheimageisrecognizedbytheAI(ArtificialIntelligence),studentscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealstochildreninimpoverished(貧困的)ruralareas.Liuandhisteam,togetherwithotherorganizations,launchedthe“ClearYourPlate”campaigninNovemberforthethirdyear.Ithassweptover1,017universitiesacrossthecountry.Theone-monthcampaignattractedalmost1.6millionparticipantsandcollectivelyreducedfoodwasteby862tonsandcarbonemissions(碳排放)by3,337tons.“Technologicalinnovationisagoodwaytoreducefoodwaste,”Liuthought.Heorganizedateamof20memberstoworkontheprojectattheendof2017.TosolvetheAI’sproblemofidentifyingphotosofemptyplates,theteamspenthalfayearcollectingover100,000samplesincanteensandrestaurants.In2018,themini-programwasofficiallyputintooperationonOct16,WorldFoodDay.Theythenlaunchedacampaignlaterthatyear.“Thereweresomanyunknownsinresearchanddevelopment.Forourteammembers,thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit,”Liusaid.Theynotonlyachievedtheirgoal,butnow,themini-programhasmorethan5millionregisteredusers,accordingtoLiu.“Wehopeoureffortscanstartanewtrendamongtheyoungergenerationbyencouragingthemtocherish(珍惜)theirfoodanddevelopthehabitofthrift(節(jié)約),”Liuadded.8．Whatcanweknowaboutthe“ClearYourPlate”mini-program?A．Itaimstoputanendtowasteandencouragethrift.B．Its6millionusersaremostlystudents.C．Ithelpedreducefoodwasteby3,337tons.D．Itisanexchangeoffoodforrewards.9．WhatchallengedidLiuandhisteamface?A．Theyfoundittoughtopromotethecampaign.B．Theyfeltuncertainwhethertheycouldcompletetheproject.C．Theylackedprofessionaltechnicalsupport.D．Theyhaddifficultygatheringenoughsamples.10．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiuJichen?A．Optimisticanddemanding.B．Generousandresponsible.C．Talentedandhumorous.D．Creativeanddetermined.11．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Aguidebook.B．Anewsreport.C．Abookreview.D．Atextbook.【答案】8．D9．B10．D11．B【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了清華大學學生，23歲的劉繼臣開發(fā)了一個名為“清盤”的微信小程序，用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新來幫助減少食物浪費。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Afterameal,userscanopenthemini-programandtakeapictureoftheiremptyplates.OncetheimageisrecognizedbytheAI(ArtificialIntelligence),studentscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealstochildreninimpoverished(貧困的)ruralareas.(飯后，用戶可以打開這個小程序，為自己的空盤子拍照。一旦圖像被AI(人工智能)識別，學生們就可以收集積分，用這些積分來購買禮物或為貧困農(nóng)村地區(qū)的兒童購買慈善餐)”可知，通過拍空盤子的照片到這個小程序，參與者可以獲得積分，同時可以利用積分來購買禮物或購買捐贈給貧困農(nóng)村地區(qū)兒童的慈善餐。所以這是善意獲得回報的一種交換。故選D。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Thereweresomanyunknownsinresearchanddevelopment.Forourteammembers,thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit,”Liusaid.(“在研發(fā)方面有很多未知因素。對于我們的團隊成員來說，最大的挑戰(zhàn)是我們是否有足夠的信心去完成它，”劉說)”可知，對于是否能完成這個任務(wù)劉的團隊是不確定的。選項B。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“LiuJichen,23,astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity,hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled“ClearYourPlate”.(23歲的清華大學學生劉繼臣開發(fā)了一個名為“清盤”的微信小程序)”及第三段第一句“Theideatodevelopsuchmini-programcamefromLiu'sexperienceincanteen.(開發(fā)這樣一個微型項目的想法來自于劉在食堂的經(jīng)驗)”可知，劉繼臣是極具創(chuàng)造性的人；倒數(shù)第二段中“TosolvetheAI’sproblemofidentifyingphotosofemptyplates,theteamspenthalfayearcollectingover100,000samplesincanteensandrestaurants.In2018,themini-programwasofficiallyputintooperationonOct16,WorldFoodDay.(為了解決人工智能識別空盤子照片的問題，研究小組花了半年時間，在食堂和餐館收集了超過10萬個樣本。2018年10月16日，世界糧食日，迷你項目正式投入運行)”可知，劉和他的團隊是意志堅定的。故選D。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“LiuJichen,23,astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity,hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled“ClearYourPlate”.(23歲的清華大學學生劉繼臣開發(fā)了一個名為“清盤”的微信小程序)”可知，本文主要講述了23歲的劉繼臣發(fā)明了“清盤”的微信小程序。由此推知，本文最有可能是一篇新聞報道。故選B。ManycollegestudentsturntoADHD(注意缺陷障礙)medicineduringtheexamweek,whichisregardedas“smartdrugs”thatwillhelptheiracademicperformance.ThethinkingisthatifthedrugshelpstudentswithADHDimprovetheirfocus,theyshouldprovidethesamebenefitforpeoplewhodon’thavethedisorder.Butanewstudyshowsthatdrugscanactuallydamagebrainfunctionofhealthystudentswhotakethedrughopingtoboosttheirintelligence.“It’snotasmartdrugwhichwillsuddenlyimprovetheirabilitytounderstandinformationtheyread,”saidLisaWeyandt,aprofessorattheUniversityofRhodeIsland.Totestwhetherthiseffectisrealornot,researchersorganized13studentstotakepartintwofive-hourstudysessions(一段時間)inthelab.Thestudentstookthestandard30mgADHDdrugsbeforeonesession,andasugarpillbeforetheother.StudentsonADHDdrugsdidexperienceanincreaseintheirbloodpressureandheartrates.“Themedicinewashavinganeffectontheirbrain,”Weyandtsaid.Thestudentsalsoshowedanimprovementintheirabilitytofocus,theresearchersfound.However,studentsonADHDdrugsexperiencednoimprovementinreadingcomprehension,readingfluencyorknowledgereviews,comparedtowhenthey’dtakenasugarpill.“Wereadaloudstoriestothemandaskedthemtorecallinformationfromthestories,”shesaid.“Thatdidn’timprove.”Worse,theADHDdrugactuallyharmsstudents’memory.It’softenmisusedbecausepeoplepullall-nightersandthey’retired,andtheythinkit’sgoingtokeepthemawake.Maybeitdoes,butit’scertainlynotgoingtohelptheiracademicwork.Thebrainisstilldevelopinguntilthemidtolate20s.It’simportanttokeepithealthy.There’salsoachancethatADHDdrugscouldendangerastudent’shearthealth.12．WhydosomecollegestudentstakeADHDdrugs?A．Toimprovetheirsleeping. B．Togethighermarks.C．Tomakethemfeelrelaxed. D．Totreatbraindisorder.13．Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword“boost”inParagragh2?A．Analyze. B．Affect. C．Improve. D．Understand.14．WhateffectdidADHDdrugshaveonthestudentsintheexperiment?A．Theybecamemorefocused. B．Theirbloodpressurewasreduced.C．Theirreadingfluencywasgreatlyraised. D．Theycouldrememberbetterandmorequickly.15．Whatcanwelearnfromthistext?A．TheADHDdrughasalreadybeenprovedtostudents’academicperformance.B．TheADHDdrugbenefitsstudentsinmanyaspects.C．ThewriterholdapositiveattitudetowardstheADHDdrug.D．TheADHDdrugmightindeedharmsstudents’memoryandhearthealth.【答案】12．B13．C14．A15．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了有些大學生在考試周會服用藥物來幫助他們提高記憶力，從而取得好成績，但是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這并沒有什么用，并且可能會損害學生的大腦。12．細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“ManycollegestudentsturntoADHD(注意缺陷障礙)medicineduringtheexamweek,whichisregardedas“smartdrugs”thatwillhelptheiracademicperformance.(許多大學生在考試周求助于注意缺陷障礙（ADHD）藥物，它被認為是有助于他們學習成績的“智能藥物”)”可知，很多大學生在考試周會服用ADHD藥物來讓自己考試發(fā)揮得更好，即為了獲得更好的成績。故選B項。13．詞句猜測題。由第一段中的“ManycollegestudentsturntoADHD(注意缺陷障礙)medicineduringtheexamweek,whichisregardedas“smartdrugs”thatwillhelptheiracademicperformance.(許多大學生在考試周求助于注意缺陷障礙（ADHD）藥物，它被認為是有助于他們學習成績的“智能藥物”)”和第二段“Butanewstudyshowsthatdrugscanactuallydamagebrainfunctionofhealthystudentswhotakethedrughopingtoboosttheirintelligence.“It’snotasmartdrugwhichwillsuddenlyimprovetheirabilitytounderstandinformationtheyread,”saidLisaWeyandt,aprofessorattheUniversityofRhodeIsland.(但是一項新的研究表明，藥物實際上會損害健康學生的大腦功能，這些學生服用藥物是為了boost他們的智力。羅德島大學教授LisaWeyandt說：“這不是一種會突然提高他們理解他們所閱讀信息能力的聰明的藥物?！?”可知，學生們服用這種藥物是為了讓自己變聰明﹐即提升他們的智力，boost在此處意為“Improve(提高)”。故選C項。14．細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Thestudentsalsoshowedanimprovementintheirabilitytofocus,theresearchersfound.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，學生們的注意力集中能力也有所提高)”可知，學生服用ADHD藥物后，他們的注意力確實有所提升，變得更加專注。故選A項。15．細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“Worse,theADHDdrugactuallyharmsstudents’memory.(更糟糕的是，ADHD藥物實際上損害了學生的記憶力)”和“There’salsoachancethatADHDdrugscouldendangerastudent’shearthealth.(ADHD藥物也有可能危及學生的心臟健康)”可知，ADHD藥物可能確實會損害學生的記憶和心臟健康。故選D項。二、七選五TheWaystoAvoidFightingwithYourMomLifeisastruggle,butifyouhaveabadrelationshipwithyourmother,youshouldcoolyourpassion,becausemother-childrenrelationshipsareveryimportant.16．Don'tgiveherthesilenttreatment.Ifyouthinkthatthesilenttreatmentwillalwayshelpyouachieveadesirableresult,thenyou'remistaken.17．Byallmeans,youshouldtakeimmediateactiontostopthiscoldwar.Avoiddeeplyrudewords.Ifyou'requarrelingwithyourmother,youshouldbecarefulwithwhatyousaytoher.18．Althoughyou'llapologizeforyourbadbehavior,thewordsyou'veexpressedandthefeelingofhatewillliveinherheartforever.Don'tdrawotherfamilymembersintoaconflict.Saythatyouhaveaterriblehabitofdrawingyourbrotheranddadintoconflictbetweenyouandyourmother.19．Asaresult,smallandunimportantmother-childfightswillgrowintolong-lastingfamilyconflict.You'lllearnabiglessonandrealizeyourbadtempermakesyourfamilysuffer.20．Lackofcommunicationbetweenmothersandchildrencancreateemotionalobstaclesandevencausefrequentquarrels.Whenyoufinallyfindthereason,you'llbeabletoovercomemisunderstandingincommunicationwithyourmotherandbridgethegenerationgapinaquiteshortperiodoftime.A．Refusetogetcrazy.B．Improveyourcommunication.C．Youshouldn'tburstintotearsinfrontofyourmother.D．Sure,yourmomwillrefusetocommunicatewithyouaswell.E.Herearesomewaysthatwillhelpyouavoidfightingwithyourmother.F.Youwantthemtosupportyouandhelpyoufindabeneficialsolutionforeachother.G.Sometimesyourwordscanbeeitheraperfectpainrelieveroraterriblesharpsword.【答案】16．E17．D18．G19．F20．B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四種避免與你的母親發(fā)生爭執(zhí)的方法。16．通過文章第一段第一句“Lifeisastruggle,butifyouhaveabadrelationshipwithyourmother,youshouldcoolyourpassion,becausemother-childrenrelationshipsareveryimportant.（生活是一場斗爭，但是如果你和母親的關(guān)系不好，你應(yīng)該冷靜下來，因為母子關(guān)系非常重要。）”與E項“這兒就有一些方法將幫助你避免與你的母親發(fā)生爭執(zhí)”承上啟下。someways呼應(yīng)下文的各個小標題。故選E項。17．文章第二段第一句“Ifyouthinkthatthesilenttreatmentwillalwayshelpyouachieveadesirableresult,thenyou'remistaken.（如果你認為這樣的沉默對待能夠幫助你實現(xiàn)自己想要的結(jié)果，那你就錯了）”說明與母親吵架后冷戰(zhàn)是一種錯誤決定；再結(jié)合后文“Byallmeans,youshouldtakeimmediateactiontostopthiscoldwar.（無論如何，你們應(yīng)該立即采取行動制止這場冷戰(zhàn)。）”可知設(shè)空處指出冷戰(zhàn)的缺點，D項“當然，你的母親也會拒絕與你交流”符合文意。故選D項。18．根據(jù)文章第三段Althoughyou'llapologizeforyourbadbehavior,thewordsyou'veexpressedandthefeelingofhatewillliveinherheartforever.（盡管你會為你的不良行為道歉，但你所說的話和仇恨的感覺將永遠留在她的心里。）可知吵架時說的粗魯?shù)脑挄褂H人受到傷害。與G項“有時候你的話可能是很好的緩解器或者是可怕的武器”邏輯一致，aterriblesharpsword呼應(yīng)thewordsyou'veexpressedandthefeelingofhatewillliveinherheartforever。故選G項。19．第四段第一句“Saythatyouhaveaterriblehabitofdrawingyourbrotheranddadintoconflictbetweenyouandyourmother.（假設(shè)你習慣把哥哥或父親牽涉進你和母親之間的沖突中）”與F項“你想讓他們支持和幫助你找到有利雙方的解決辦法”語義銜接，且F項中“them”指代的是上文的“brotheranddad”，符合文意。故選F項。20．根據(jù)文章第五段第一句“Lackofcommunicationbetweenmothersandchildrencancreateemotionalobstaclesandevencausefrequentquarrels.(母親與孩子之間缺乏交流可能會引起情緒上的障礙甚至引起不斷地爭吵)”可知，B項“增強你們之間的溝通”對本段的概括最為準確,且B項中的“communication”與下文communication呼應(yīng)。故選B項。三、完形填空Hawthorneworkedasaclerkinasmallcompany.Hesufferedaheavyblowwhenhelosthisjob.Hisbosshadspoken21,“Yourservicesarenolongerneeded.”Hawthorneleftthebuildingfilledwithdespair.Bythetimehereachedhome,hewasindeep22.Whenheenteredhishouse,heblurtedout(脫口而出)tohiswifeSophia,“Ilostmyjob.Iamacompletefailure.”Atensesilencefollowed.23,asmilecreptacrossSophia’sface.“Whatgreatnews!”sheresponded,“Nowyoucanwritethebookyouhavealwayswantedtowrite.”“ButIhavenojobandnoprospectofajob,”heobjectedcompletelywithouthope.“IfI24tobeanauthor,thenwhatwillwe25?Wherewillthemoneycomefrom?”Sophiatookherhusbandbythehandand26himtothekitchen.Openingadrawer,shetookoutaboxthatwasfullof27.“Whereonearthdidyougetthis?”Hawthorneasked.“Towhomdoesit28?”“It’sours!”Sophiareplied.“Ialwaysknewthatonedayyouwouldbecomeagreatwriter29youweregiventhechance.Fromthemoneyyougavemeforhousekeepingeveryweek,Ihave30asmuchasIcouldsoyouwouldhaveyourchance.Nowthereisenoughto31usawholeyear．”Whata(n)32!Whatawife!The33husbanddidconcentrateonwritingthatyear,andthenovelhewrotebecamealiterarymasterpiece．ThebookisTheScarletLetter.Sophiahadanevengreater34,—sheturnedNathanielHawthornefromapoorclerkintoaworldfamous35.21．A．rudely B．normally C．patiently D．hesitantly22．A．thrill B．trouble C．relief D．sadness23．A．Again B．Then C．Thus D．Instead24．A．refuse B．a(chǎn)fford C．struggle D．deserve25．A．liveon B．stickto C．goover D．payoff26．A．invited B．persuaded C．led D．a(chǎn)dvised27．A．dust B．cash C．wonder D．treasure28．A．owe B．give C．go D．belong29．A．a(chǎn)sthough B．sothat C．a(chǎn)slongas D．eventhough30．A．saved B．consumed C．collected D．donated31．A．provide B．present C．last D．contribute32．A．situation B．opportunity C．poverty D．encouragement33．A．unemployed B．a(chǎn)dventurous C．professional D．energetic34．A．importance B．a(chǎn)chievement C．consequence D．status35．A．master B．professor C．millionaire D．politician【答案】21．A22．D23．B24．C25．A26．C27．B28．D29．C30．A31．C32．D33．A34．B35．A【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了著名作家Hawthorne成名前，在妻子的鼓勵下由失業(yè)落魄走上創(chuàng)作之路、完成了自己的成名作《紅字》的歷程。21．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他的老板粗魯?shù)卣f:“你被解雇了。”A.rudely無禮地，粗暴地；B.normally正常地；C.patiently耐心地；D.hesitantly遲疑地。根據(jù)后文“Yourservicesarenolongerneeded.”可知老板解雇他，態(tài)度粗魯。故選A。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當他到家的時候，他非常悲傷。A.thrill激動；B.trouble麻煩，煩惱；C.relief減輕，解除；D.sadness悲傷，悲痛。根據(jù)上文“Hawthorneleftthebuildingfilledwithdespair.”可知，Hawthorne失業(yè)了很“悲傷”，故選D。23．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，索菲婭的臉上掠過一絲微笑。A.Again再次；B.Then然后；C.Thus因此；D.Instead反而。結(jié)合上文“Atensesilencefollowed”可知先是一陣緊張的沉默，然后（then）面帶微笑，故選B。24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我努力成為一名作家，那么我們將靠什么生活？A.refuse拒絕；B.afford給予，提供；C.struggle奮斗，艱難地行進；D.deserve應(yīng)受，應(yīng)得。根據(jù)后文“tobeanauthor”可知Hawthorne失業(yè)了妻子建議他當作家，所以應(yīng)該是“努力，艱難地奮斗”，故選C。25．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：如果我努力成為一名作家，那么我們將靠什么生活？錢從哪里來？A.liveon靠……生活；B.stickto堅持；C.goover復習，重溫；D.payoff付清，取得成功。根據(jù)后文“Wherewillthemoneycomefrom?”可知，Hawthorne擔心自己要當作家，他們該靠什么生活。故選A。26．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：索菲婭拉著丈夫的手，把他帶到廚房。A.invited邀請；B.persuaded說服，勸說；C.led領(lǐng)導，指引；D.advised建議。根據(jù)后文“himtothekitchen”可知，妻子拉著他的手，把他帶到廚房，故選C。27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她打開抽屜，拿出一個裝滿現(xiàn)金的盒子。A.dust灰塵；B.cash現(xiàn)金；C.wonder驚奇，奇跡；D.treasure財富，財產(chǎn)。根據(jù)下文“Fromthemoneyyougavemeforhousekeepingeveryweek”可知，妻子打開抽屜，拿出一個裝滿現(xiàn)金的盒子。故選B。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這是屬于誰的？A.owe欠，感激；B.give給；C.go去；D.belong屬于。根據(jù)下文“It’sours!”，可知問的是：這是屬于誰的？故選D。29．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我堅信，只要你有機會，總有一天你會成為一個偉大的作家。A.asthough好像；B.sothat以便；C.aslongas只要；D.eventhough即使。引導條件狀語從句，表示“只要”應(yīng)用aslongas。故選C。30．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你每個星期給我的家務(wù)費，我已經(jīng)盡可能多地存了下來，這樣你就有機會成為作家了。A.saved節(jié)約，保留（備用）；B.consumed消耗；C.collected收集；D.donated捐贈。根據(jù)上文“Fromthemoneyyougavemeforhousekeepingeveryweek”可知是從家務(wù)費中存下來的錢，故選A。31．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在這些足夠我們用一年的時間。A.provide提供；B.present贈送，提出；C.last（供給、資源）足夠（某人）用一段時間，持續(xù)；D.contribute貢獻，出力。結(jié)合后文“usawholeyear”可知，妻子說這筆錢足夠他們用一年，故選C。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多好的一個鼓勵！A.situation情況；B.opportunity機會；C.poverty貧困；D.encouragement鼓勵。妻子的所作所為都是對丈夫的鼓勵，故選D。33．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那一年，這位失業(yè)的丈夫確實專心寫作，他寫的小說成了文學巨著。A.unemployed失業(yè)的；B.adventurous愛冒險的；C.professional專業(yè)的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Hesufferedaheavyblowwhenhelosthisjob.”可知，他“失業(yè)”了，故選A。34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：索菲婭還有更大的成就——她把納撒尼爾·霍桑從一個貧窮的職員變成了世界聞名的大師。A.importance價值，重要；B.achievement成就；C.consequence結(jié)果；D.status地位。根據(jù)后文“sheturnedNathanielHawthornefromapoorclerkintoaworldfamous”可知，把納撒尼爾·霍桑從一個貧窮的職員變成了世界聞名的大師是妻子更大的成就，故選B。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：索菲婭還有更大的成就——她把納撒尼爾·霍桑從一個貧窮的職員變成了世界聞名的大師。A.master主人，大師；B.professor教授；C.millionaire百萬富翁；D.politician政客。根據(jù)上文“thenovelhewrotebecamealiterarymasterpiece”可知，作品是名著，納撒尼爾·霍桑成了大師，故選A。四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinesefemalescientistTuYouyouwonthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineforthe36．(discover)ofartemisinin,whichhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria.Itisbelievedthatitsaves100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.BorninNingbo,Chinain1930,TuYouyouisa37．(commit)andpatientscientist.In1967,somescientistswerechosentoformateam38．theobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,oneof39．wasTuYouyou.Tofindanewtreatment,TuandherteamlookedthroughmanyancientChinesemedicaltextsandevaluated280,000plantsbefore40．(obtain)thepuresubstanceartemisinin.Inspiredbyatextfromthefourthcentury,Tu'steamtestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesandusedtheliquidbyboilingfreshwormwood,41．theydidn'twork.TuYouyourealizedthatthehightemperaturemighthavedestroyed42．(it)medicalproperties.Shetriedusingalowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract.Afterfailingmorethan190times,theteam43．（final)succeededinfindingasubstancethatworked.Afterthedrugshowedpromisingresults,Tuandherteammembersinsistedthatthedrugshould44．（test)onthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.AwardedtheNobelPrize,Tusaid,thehonorwasnotjusthersbuttheteam'sandallthepeopleofhercountry's.Thissuccessisindeed45．honorforChina'sscientificresearchandChinesemedicine.【答案】36．discovery37．committed38．with39．whom40．obtaining41．but42．its43．finally44．betested45．a(chǎn)n【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了中國女科學家屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾獎的事。【詳解】1.考查名詞。句意：中國女性科學家屠呦呦獲得2015年諾貝爾生理學和醫(yī)學獎，是由于她發(fā)現(xiàn)了抗瘧新藥青蒿素，這種藥已經(jīng)成為治療瘧疾的重要組成部分。根據(jù)前面的定冠詞the可知，空處是名詞，做介詞for的賓語，且此處表示特指發(fā)現(xiàn)抗瘧新藥青蒿素，應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故填discovery。

2.考查形容詞。句意：屠呦呦于1930出生在中國寧波。她是一個堅定地和有耐心的科學家。根據(jù)句意可知，空處是形容詞做定語，表示“堅定的”，修飾名詞scientist(科學家)，故填committed。3.考查介詞。句意：在1967年，一些科學家被選中組成一個團隊，目的是發(fā)現(xiàn)一種新的治療瘧疾的方法，其中一個科學家就是屠呦呦。根據(jù)句意可知，withtheobjectiveof是固定搭配，表示“目的是......”，故填with。4.考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：在1967年，一些科學家被選中組成一個團隊，目的是發(fā)現(xiàn)一種新的治療瘧疾的方法，其中一個科學家就是屠呦呦。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“oneof__________wasTuYouyou.”是非限定性定語從句，先行詞是scientists(科學家)，指人，且空處是做介詞of的賓語，只能用whom，不能用who，故填whom。5.考查動名詞。句意：為了找到一種新的治療方法，屠呦呦和她的團隊瀏覽了許多中國古代醫(yī)學文獻，在獲得純青蒿素之前評估了280000顆植物?？仗幨亲鼋樵~before(在......之前)的賓語，介詞后面的動詞應(yīng)用動名詞形式，所以obtain(得到；獲得)應(yīng)用動名詞形式做賓語，故填obtaining。6.考查連詞。句意：屠呦呦的團隊受到四世紀的一個文獻的啟發(fā)，測試了一堆干艾草葉子，使用煮沸的新鮮艾草液體，但是這些東西沒有效果。根據(jù)句意可知，前后兩句是折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞but(但是)，故填but。7.考查代詞。句意：屠呦呦意識到高溫或許能摧毀藥性。由后面的名詞properties(特性)可知，空處用形容詞性物主代詞its，表示“它的”，修飾properties，故填its。8.考查副詞。句意：在失敗了190次后，這個團隊最終成功發(fā)現(xiàn)有效果的一種物質(zhì)?？仗幮揎椪麄€句子，作狀語，應(yīng)用副詞形式，finally表示“最終”，故填finally。9.考查被動語態(tài)。句意：在這個藥顯示出有希望的結(jié)果后，屠呦呦和她的團隊堅持讓藥物在他們自己身上測試，以確保藥是安全的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處是謂語動詞，test(測試)和drug(藥)是被動關(guān)系，且情態(tài)動詞should后面應(yīng)用動詞原形，故填betested。10.考查冠詞。句意：這次成功確實是中國科學研究何中醫(yī)的一項榮譽。根據(jù)句意可知，honour(榮譽)是可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且honour的發(fā)音是以元音音素開頭，故填an。五、其他應(yīng)用文46．假定你是李華，請寫一篇80詞左右的英語短文來介紹獲諾貝爾文學獎的現(xiàn)代作家——莫言。內(nèi)容包括：1.出生于山東普通家庭，2012年成為首位獲得諾貝爾文學獎的中國人；2.熱愛文學和寫作，喜歡自然和觀察人，代表作眾多《豐乳肥臀》《紅高粱》《蛙》等；3.獲得諾貝爾文學獎的意義。提示詞：《豐乳肥臀》BigBreastsandWideHips,《紅高粱》RedSorghum注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.不能使用自己的真實姓名和所在班級，否則從總得分中扣除10分。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:MoYan,isafamouscontemporaryChinesewriter.In2012,hebecameChina'sfirstwriterwhowontheNobelLiteraturePrize.BorninanordinaryfamilyinShandong,MoYanloveswritingandobservingnatureandpeoplearoundhim,whichhelphimcreatemanygreatworks,suchasBigBreastsandWideHips,RedSorghum,Frog,andsoon.MoYan’swinningtheNo