2025年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解之細(xì)節(jié)理解題（講義）解析版

專題01閱讀理解之細(xì)節(jié)理解題

目錄

01考情透視?目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航................................................2

02知識(shí)導(dǎo)圖?思維引航................................................3

03考點(diǎn)突破?考向探究................................................4

考點(diǎn)一考直直接信息理解題.........................................4

【真題研析】.....................................................4

【核心精講】.....................................................6

【命題預(yù)測(cè)】.....................................................7

考點(diǎn)二考直間接信息理解題.........................................11

【真題研析】....................................................11

【核心精講】....................................................15

【命題預(yù)測(cè)】

考點(diǎn)三考直數(shù)字計(jì)算題.............................................19

【真題研析】....................................................19

【核心精講】....................................................21

【命題預(yù)測(cè)】....................................................22

04重難點(diǎn)突破細(xì)節(jié)理解題的解題關(guān)鍵................................25

考情透視?目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航

閱讀理解之細(xì)節(jié)理解

考目標(biāo)年

卷別考題統(tǒng)計(jì)考情分析

點(diǎn)要求份

新高考I卷21、22、23、24、25、30、

32、33、34

2024

新高考II卷21、22、23、25、26、27、

從近三年高考試題來(lái)看，細(xì)

28、29、30、34

節(jié)理解題比較直接，理解字面意思

全國(guó)甲卷22、23、24、25、28、30、

32即可答題；有時(shí)則較為間接，需要

浙江卷1月21、22、23、25、26、27、歸納、概括和推理才能答題。細(xì)節(jié)

28、29、32、33、34理解題占閱讀理解總題量的60%左

考查

新高考I卷21、23、24、26、28、33右，考查通過(guò)閱讀文章獲取信息的

從文

新高考卷、、、、、、能力。

章中II212223242527

細(xì)2023

29、32、35體裁以應(yīng)用文為主，說(shuō)明文和

-H-獲取

具體全國(guó)甲卷21、22、23、26、27、28、記敘文為輔。文章要求考生在正確

理

30、32、34

信息理解語(yǔ)篇主要細(xì)節(jié)，熟悉同義句表

解

的能全國(guó)乙卷21、23、24、28、30

達(dá)的方法。

力浙江卷1月21、22、23、30、31、33、

考高頻命題點(diǎn)：通常采用同義

34

句轉(zhuǎn)換的形式改寫題干和選項(xiàng)，考

新高考I卷22、25、26、27、32、33

新高考n卷21、22、23、25、26、27、生識(shí)別同義句表達(dá)是關(guān)鍵。

29、34預(yù)計(jì)在2025年高考細(xì)節(jié)理解

2022

題仍然占閱讀理解的主要部分。

全國(guó)甲卷21、22、23、24、25、26、

29、30、33、34、35

全國(guó)乙卷21、22、23、24、26、32、

33、34

㈤2

廊;口旦圉?甲雉己?能

題干關(guān)鍵詞定位：找出題干的關(guān)鍵詞，從文章

相關(guān)語(yǔ)段中找對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵信息，進(jìn)行對(duì)比即可

直接信息題

找到答案.現(xiàn)在有些題，題干和選項(xiàng)都迸行了

同意表達(dá)，注意辨別.

對(duì)比總結(jié)找答案：題干和選項(xiàng)通常都進(jìn)行了同

意改寫，識(shí)別同意句表達(dá)是關(guān)鍵，有時(shí)需要找

細(xì)節(jié)理解題間接信息題

到多個(gè)信息點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行總結(jié)才能找到答案.例

如：常見(jiàn)的找共同點(diǎn)的細(xì)節(jié)理解題.

依據(jù)計(jì)康條件箕結(jié)果：數(shù)字計(jì)算題一定先從文

童中找到計(jì)更數(shù)字結(jié)果的條件，按照條件進(jìn)行

數(shù)字計(jì)算題

筒單計(jì)算即可找到答案。注意：文童中的某些

序含附加到牛是出錯(cuò)的根源.

03

考點(diǎn)突破?考向探究

考點(diǎn)一考查直接信息理解題

真題研析

1.（2023?新高考II卷A節(jié)選）

YellowstoneNationalParkoffersavarietyofrangerprogrammesthroughoutthepark,andthroughout

theyear.Thefollowingaredescriptionsoftherangerprogrammesthissummer.

ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone（May26toSeptember2）

Whetheryou'rehikingabackcountrytrail（〃、徑），camping,orjustenjoyingthepark'samazingwildlifefrom

theroad,thisquickworkshopisforyouandyourfamily.Learnwheretolookforanimalsandhowtosafelyenjoy

yourwildlifewatchingexperience.MeetattheCanyonVillageStore.

JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics(June5toAugust21)

KidscantesttheirskillsandcomparetheirabilitiestotheanimalsofYellowstone.Stayforaslittleoraslong

asyourplansallow.MeetinfrontoftheVisitorEducationCentre.

CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)

Fromaclassicviewpoint,enjoyLowerFalls,theYellowstoneRiver,andthebreathtakingcoloursofthe

canyon(峽谷)whilelearningaboutthearea'snaturalandhumanhistory.Discoverwhyartistsandphotographers

continuetobedrawntothisspecialplace.MeetonthelowerplatformatArtistPointontheSouthRimDrivefor

thisshorttalk.

PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)

Enhanceyourphotographyskills-joinYellowstone'sparkphotographerforahands-onprogrammeto

inspirenewandcreativewaysofenjoyingthebeautyandwonderofYellowstone.

6/19一Waterfalls&WideAngles:meetatArtistPoint.

7/10―Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashbumTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.

21.Whichofthefourprogrammesbeginstheearliest?

A.PhotographyWorkshops.

B.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics.

C.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint.

D.ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone.

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)各個(gè)活動(dòng)的時(shí)間^ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone(May26toSeptember2)??、Junior

RangerWildlifeOlympics(June5toAugust21)”、"CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)”及

^PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)?,可知，四個(gè)項(xiàng)目中在黃石體驗(yàn)野生動(dòng)物開(kāi)始的時(shí)間最早。故

選D。

做事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題最基本也最常用的方法是題干定位法。一般在原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，然后進(jìn)行比較和

分析，便可確定答案。

題干關(guān)鍵詞theearliest。注意文章重點(diǎn)定位：找到文章中所有的時(shí)間信息，找出最早的一個(gè)。

23.WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop?

A.ArtistPoint.B.WashburnTrailhead.

C.CanyonVillageStore.D.VisitorEducationCenter.

【答案】B

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“PhotographyWorkshops（June19&July10）（攝影研討會(huì)（6月19

日和7月10日））”部分中的“7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashburnTrailheadin

Chittendenparkingarea.（7/10------Wildflowers&WhiteBalance：在奇滕登停車場(chǎng)的WashbumTrailhead舉

行）”可知，7月10日的攝影研討會(huì)將在WashburnTrailhead舉行。故選B。

技巧

第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞：Where,meet,fortheJuly10photographyworkshop

第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息:PhotographyWorkshops（June19&July10）部分中的

“7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashbumTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.”

第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)信息。7月10日的攝影研討會(huì)將在WashburnTrailhead舉行。故選B。

3.（2023?全國(guó)甲卷?閱讀理解A節(jié)選）

Bo.tan

Bo.tanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok9sculinaryscenesinceitopenedin2009.Servinghard-to-findThai

dishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine'sroots,yetstillmanagestoaddaspecial

twist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandlelitdinneroraworkmeetingwithcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.For

thoseextremelyhungrythere'salargesetmenu.

2.Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?

A.Gaggan.B.Bo.tan.C.IssayaSiameseClub.D.Nahm.

【答案】B

［解析］細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Bo.tan下的段落中“Forthoseextremelyhungrythere5salargesetmenu.

（對(duì)于那些極度饑餓的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這里有一份很大的套餐）”可知，Bo.tan提供大型套餐。故選B。

4.（2023?全國(guó)乙卷"閱讀理解A節(jié)選）

PRACTITIONERS

RebeccaLeeCrumpler（1831—1895）workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegein

Bostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.She

movedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcaretofreedslaves.

23.WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?

A.JacquelineFelicedeAlmania.B.TanYunxian.

C.JamesBarry.D.RebeccaLeeCrumpler.

【答案】D

【解析】文章最后一個(gè)人物介紹的第二句原詞出現(xiàn)thefirstAfricanAmericanwoman,可知，RebeccaLee

Crumpler是第一個(gè)擁有醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的非裔美國(guó)人。

核心精講I

細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題指導(dǎo)

1.解題步驟

在解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)，考生可采取“關(guān)鍵詞定位法”，即“帶著問(wèn)題找答案”。先從題干中提取關(guān)鍵

詞（題眼），然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及尋讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的段落、語(yǔ)句，快

速定位該題與哪一段、哪一句有關(guān)，然后仔細(xì)推敲，仔細(xì)比對(duì)所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別，在準(zhǔn)確理

解細(xì)節(jié)的前提下，最后確定答案。

2.選項(xiàng)特征

(1)正確選項(xiàng)特征

原文原詞利用原文原詞作為正確選項(xiàng)

對(duì)原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義替換，如把loseone，sjob換成beoutofwork；有些細(xì)節(jié)理

同義替換解題把原文中的一些詞變換了詞性，如把important變換成了ofimportance；改變?cè)闹芯?/p>

子的語(yǔ)態(tài)，如主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換

信息歸納用精練的語(yǔ)言來(lái)概括原文中比較分散或復(fù)雜的信息，設(shè)置為正確答案

正話反說(shuō)把原文中的意思反過(guò)來(lái)表達(dá)而成為正確選項(xiàng)

(2)干擾選項(xiàng)特征

張冠李戴是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容

無(wú)中生有符合常識(shí)，但不是文章的內(nèi)容

曲解文意與原文的內(nèi)容極其相似，只是在某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)處有些變動(dòng)

顛倒是非在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反

正誤參半部分正確，部分錯(cuò)誤

3.可用的常識(shí)性判斷

(1)出題順序和行文順序大體一致。

(2)僅僅符合常識(shí)的不一定對(duì)，不符合常識(shí)的往往錯(cuò)。

(3)同義替換往往是答案，過(guò)于絕對(duì)往往是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，文章主旨一般都會(huì)傳遞正能量。

(4)留意文中but/however、感嘆號(hào)、問(wèn)號(hào)、破折號(hào)、長(zhǎng)難句等經(jīng)常設(shè)題處。

命題預(yù)測(cè)1

L（2025?八省聯(lián)考）

EastYorkshireAttractions

BurnbyHallGardens&Museum

TheBalk,PocklingtonYO422QF

Tel:01759307125

Thegardensarebeautifullylaidoutwithtwolakes,whicharehometoavastcollectionoffish.Wealsohave

StewartMuseum,achildren'splayground,abook&giftshop,andtearooms.Sundaybandconcertsandeventsare

availablethroughouttheyear.

Open:10:00amto5:30pm

Prices:Adults￡4.65,Seniors￡3.95,Children￡2.50

GooleMuseum

CarlisleStreet,GooleDN145DS

Tel:01405768963

ThemuseumexploresthecolourfulhistoryofthetownandportofGoole,withplentyofhands-onexhibits

foryoungervisitors.Thetemporaryexhibitiongalleryhasawiderangeofartcraft（工藝）andlocalhistory

exhibitionswhichchangeseverymonth.

Open:10:00amto5:00pm

AdmissionFree

SledmereHouse

Sledmere,DriffieldYO253XG

Tel:01377236637

SledmereHouseisoneofYorkshire'smostattractivehouses.Wehaveanaward-winninggarden,amilitary

museum,achildren'splayarea,andacafe&giftshop.OrganmusicisplayedonThursdayafternoons.

Open:11:30amto3:30pm

Prices:Adults￡8.00,Seniors￡6.00,Children￡3.00

BridlingtonBird&AnimalPark

Bridlington,EastYorkshireYO153QF

Tel:01262673653

Thefamily-runparkissetinawonderfulwoodlandenvironment.Itoffersdailyshowsofpigracing.Wealso

havearangeofbirdsandotheranimalstoofferafun-filleddayoutforfamilies.

Open:10:00amto5:00pm

Prices:Adults￡4.50,Seniors￡4.00,Children￡3.50

21.Whichattractionhoststemporaryexhibitions?

A.GooleMuseum.B.BumbyHallGardens&Museum.

C.SledmereHouse.D.BridlingtonBird&AnimalPark.

22.WhatcantouristsdoatSledmereHouse?

A.Feedawiderangeofanimals.B.WatchabandconcertonSunday.

C.Explorethehistoryofthetown.D.EnjoyorganmusiconThursday.

【文章大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了英國(guó)東約克郡的四個(gè)景點(diǎn)，主要包括其地理位置、聯(lián)系

方式、景點(diǎn)活動(dòng)、開(kāi)放時(shí)間及票價(jià)等信息。

21.【答案】A

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)uGooleMuseumv部分中“Thetemporaryexhibitiongalleryhasawide

rangeofartcraft（工藝）andlocalhistoryexhibitionswhichchangeseverymonth.（臨時(shí)展覽館有各種各樣的藝

術(shù)工藝和當(dāng)?shù)貧v史展覽，每個(gè)月都有變化）”可知，古爾博物館（GooleMuseum）舉辦臨時(shí)展覽。故選

Ao

22.【答案】D

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SledmereHouse”部分中uOrganmusicisplayedonThursdayafternoons.

（管風(fēng)琴音樂(lè)在星期四下午演奏）”可知，在SledmereHouse游客們可以在周四欣賞管風(fēng)琴音樂(lè)。故選D。

2.（2025■安徽省皖南八校高三第二次大聯(lián)考）A節(jié)選

Fortravelersplanningaculture-focusedadventure,citiesarethebestplacetostart.Somecitiesfunctionas

livinggalleriesinthemselvesthroughcity-widestreetartoraward-winningarchitecture.Othersofferartisticways

toexplorehistoryandculture,fromimmersive（沉浸式的）exhibitionstoforward-thinkinginitiatives.

Budapest

ArttakestothestreetsintheHungariancapital.Here,citywallsactasacanvasformanyhomegrownand

internationalartiststomaketheirmark,whetherthroughpoliticalmessages,murals（壁畫）oradmirationfor

belovedfiguresandconcepts.Thoughtheartformhasnowspreadwellacrossthecity,theRubik'scubeand

RefugeeGirlintheJewishQuarterremainrepresentativeworkstogetyoustarted.

21.WhatcanvisitorsdoduringthetourtoBudapest?

A.Appreciatecolorfulpicturesonthecitywalls.B.Sendpoliticalmessagestobelovedfigures.

C.Createrepresentativeworksacrossthecity.D.Spreadtheartformintheirhometown.

【答案】A

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Here,citywallsactasacanvasformanyhomegrownand

internationalartiststomaketheirmark,whetherthroughpoliticalmessages,murals（壁畫）oradmirationfor

belovedfiguresandconcepts.（在這里，無(wú)論是通過(guò)政治信息、壁畫還是對(duì)心愛(ài)人物和概念的崇拜，城墻都

是許多本土和國(guó)際藝術(shù)家留下印記的畫布）”可知，游客可以在Budapest欣賞城市墻上美麗的壁畫。故選

Ao

3.（2025?八省聯(lián)考）C節(jié)選

ForJacobs,urbancommunitiesareorganicbeingsthatshouldbelefttogrowandchangebythemselvesand

notbesubjecttothegrandplansofso-calledexpertsandofficials.Thebestjudgesofhowacityshouldbe一and

howitshoulddevelop-arethelocalresidentsthemselves.Jacobsarguesthaturbancommunitiesarebestplaced

tounderstandhowtheircityfunctions,becausecitylifeiscreatedandsustainedthroughtheirvariousinteractions.

9.WhodoesJacobsthinkshouldmakedecisionsonurbandevelopment?

A.Localresidents.B.Governmentofficials.

C.Cityplanners.D.Constructionworkers.

【答案】A

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ForJacobs（對(duì)于Jacobs來(lái)說(shuō)）”以及uThebestjudgesofhow

acityshouldbe一andhowitshoulddevelop一arethelocalresidentsthemselves.（一個(gè)城市應(yīng)該如何發(fā)展，

最好的評(píng)判者是當(dāng)?shù)鼐用褡约?。）”可知，Jacobs認(rèn)為對(duì)城市發(fā)展做出決定的應(yīng)該是當(dāng)?shù)鼐用瘛９蔬xA

項(xiàng)。

4.（2025?三省G20示范高中高三聯(lián)考）

ExploringYeouidoHangangParkinSeoul

YeouidoHangangPark,alongthebanksofHanRiver,isadiamondintheheartofSeoul.Thisurbanpark

offersactivitiesandattractionsforallkindsoftravelers,fromquietriverwalkstocrowdedfestivals,whichwill

keepyouentertainedthroughouttheday.

CyclingandWalkingTrails

OneofthebestwaystoexploreYeouidoHangangParkisbycycling.Theparkfeatureswell-maintained

cyclingpathsthatofferscenicviewsoftheHanRiver.Bicyclescanberentedneartheparkentrance.Ifcycling

isn'tyourthing,thereareplentyofwalkingtrailsthroughgreeneryandalongtheriverside.

PicnicSpots

YeouidoHangangParkisdottedwithnumerouspicnicspotsforarelaxedafternoon.It?scommonforlocals

tobringalongapicnicmat,somesnacks,andenjoyadinnerbytheriverbank.Thepark'squietenvironment

makesitaperfectspotfortakinginthenaturalbeauty.

TheHanRiverCruiseship

RidingtheMoonlightHanRiverCruiseisundoubtedlyaromanticwaytoenjoyYeouidoHangangParkat

night.Forjust￥28,500yougettohaveanunforgettableexperienceunderthetwinklingstarsasyourcruisepasses

bytheBanpoBridge.

CherryBlossomFestival

TheannualCherryBlossomFestivalattractsthousandsofvisitorswhocometowitnessthepark'scherry

treesinfullbloom.Thefestivalfeaturestraditionalculturalperformances,foodstalls,andvariousactivitiesthat

celebratethearrivalofspring.

GettingtoYeouidoHangangPark

ReachingYeouidoHangangParkisstraightforward,thankstoSeoul5scomprehensivetransportsystem.The

mostconvenientwayisviasubway,whereyoucangetoffatYeouinaruStation.Fromthere,ifsashortwalkto

thepark'sentrance.Severalbusroutesalsoservethearea,makingitaccessiblefromdifferentpartsofthecity.

1.Wherecanpeopleenjoyascenicmealinthepark?

A.Neartheparkentrance.B.Onthecruiseship.

C.OnthebankofHanRiver.D.Alongthecyclingpaths.

2.Inwhichactivitycanvisitorsexperiencelocalcultureinthepark?

A.Picnicspotsbytheriverbank.

B.TheCherryBlossomFestival.

C?Sceniccyclingandwalkingtrails.

D.TheMoonlightHanRiverCruise.

3.HowcanvisitorsreachYeouidoHangangParkfromYeouinaruStation?

A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bytaxi.D.Bysubway.

【答案】1.C2.B3.B

【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹首爾YeouidoHangang公園的幾種活動(dòng)和景點(diǎn)。

1.2田節(jié)理解題。I艮據(jù)第三段PicnicSpots板塊中uYeouidoHangangParkisdottedwithnumerouspicnic

spotsforarelaxedafternoon.It?scommonforlocalstobringalongapicnicmat,somesnacks,andenjoyadinner

bytheriverbank.（在YeouidoHangang公園，可以享受悠閑的午后野餐。當(dāng)?shù)厝送ǔ?huì)帶上野餐墊和一些零

食，在河邊享用晚餐。）”可知，當(dāng)?shù)厝送ǔ?huì)在河邊享受野餐，同時(shí)欣賞風(fēng)景如畫的美景。故選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段CherryBlossomFestival（櫻花節(jié)）板塊下“Thefestivalfeatures

traditionalculturalperformances,foodstalls,andvariousactivitiesthatcelebratethearrivalofspring.（這個(gè)節(jié)日以

傳統(tǒng)的文化表演、食品攤位和各種慶祝春天到來(lái)的活動(dòng)為特色。）”可知，游客可以在公園參加櫻花節(jié)活

動(dòng)來(lái)體驗(yàn)當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕?。故選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段GettingtoYeouidoHangangPark板塊下uThemostconvenientwayis

viasubway,whereyoucangetoffatYeouinaruStation.Fromthere,it'sashortwalktothepark,sentrance.（最

方便的方式是乘地鐵，在汝矣島站下車。從那里走一小段路就到了公園的入口。）”知，游客從Yeouinaru

Station可以步行至!jYeouidoHangangParko故選B。

考點(diǎn)二考查間接信息理解題

II題研析1

1.（2024■新高考I卷）A節(jié)選

AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING

Volunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesfbryouthundertheageof

15.

BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavethe

parent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.

We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatheranda

raincoatifnecessary.

Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.

Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills（滿足）communityservice

requirements.

23.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?

A.Bringtheirowntools.B.Workeveninbad

weather.

C.Wearateamuniform.D.Doatleastthreeprojects.

【答案】B

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“We'11beworkingrainorshine.（我們將風(fēng)雨無(wú)阻地工作）”

可知，身為志愿者，即使天氣不好也要工作。故選B項(xiàng)。

技巧

第一步：瀏覽題干，找到關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,areexpectedtodo

第二步：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，定位信息。定位原文信息：根據(jù)文章第五段“We'11beworkingrainorshine.

（我們將風(fēng)雨無(wú)阻地工作）”可知，身為志愿者，即使天氣不好也要工作。

第三步：比對(duì)選項(xiàng)信息。選項(xiàng)B中的eveninbadweather和文章中的rain邏輯意義相同。故選B。

2.（2023■新高考I卷■閱讀理解C篇節(jié)選）

C

Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatit

asksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideifsrightfbryou.

Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigital

minimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople'sdigitallivesincreasingly

intolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.

（）28.Whatisthebookaimedat?

A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.

B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.

C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.

0.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.

【答案】B

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,

includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthis

philosophyifyoudecideit'srightforyou.（這本書的目標(biāo)是為數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義辯護(hù)，包括詳細(xì)探索它的要求

和為什么有效，然后如果你認(rèn)為它適合你，教你如何采用這種哲學(xué)）”可知，這本書的目的是倡導(dǎo)簡(jiǎn)單的

數(shù)字生活方式。故選B。

技巧

間接信息題的核心是識(shí)別同義句表達(dá)。最常用的方法是：1.采用同義詞改寫選項(xiàng)或題干；2.用反義詞

改

寫選項(xiàng)或題干，采用正話反說(shuō)的方式；3.采用相關(guān)句式改寫。

例如：本題的解題思維過(guò)程如下：

【題干定位】關(guān)鍵詞beaimedat

【文章定位】Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailed

explorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecide

it'srightforyou.

【文章中的關(guān)鍵詞】Thegoalofthisbook

【同義句表達(dá)手段】beaimedat=Thegoalofthisbook

【內(nèi)容定位】tomakethecasefordigitalminimalism

【選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞】Advocatingv.提倡（advocate的現(xiàn)在分詞）；為…辯護(hù)

【同義句表達(dá)手段】Advocatingv.提倡（advocate的現(xiàn)在分詞）；為…辯護(hù)=111@1<?thecasefbr為…辯

護(hù)；提出理由

【正確選項(xiàng)】B

3.（2023■新高考I卷■閱讀理解B篇節(jié)選）

WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolved

problems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretiny

creatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemesses

peopleweremaking.

Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandasking

questions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria侈田菌）？Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causing

chemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastetheway

naturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Hewasfondoftraveling.B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.

C.Hehadaninquiringmind.D.Helongedtobeadoctor.

【答案】c

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。對(duì)原文多處信息整合。根據(jù)第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplore

thewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecame

clearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedto

wonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.（當(dāng)約翰?托德還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)

候，他喜歡探索房子周圍的樹(shù)林，觀察大自然是如何解決問(wèn)題的。例如，一條骯臟的小溪流經(jīng)植物和微小

生物居住的巖石后，往往變得清澈。長(zhǎng)大后，約翰開(kāi)始思考這個(gè)過(guò)程是否可以用來(lái)清理人們制造的混亂）”

以及第二段“After

studyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.

Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria（細(xì)菌）？Whichkindsoffishcancatcanccr-causingchemicals?（在大

學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)和漁業(yè)之后，約翰又回到了觀察自然和提出問(wèn)題的生活中。為什么某些植物能捕獲有

害細(xì)菌？哪些魚類會(huì)食用致癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)？廠可知，約翰聰穎好學(xué)、好奇心很強(qiáng)。故選C。

□

當(dāng)一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)理解題涉及一段內(nèi)的多個(gè)信息點(diǎn)或者多段的具體內(nèi)容，需要考生進(jìn)行概括和歸納后才能回

答，雖然此類試題各個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)信息都能在文章中找到，但需要考生具有一定的概括和歸納能力。

本題就是對(duì)兩段信息的整合，歸納出的正確答案。

4.（2023■全國(guó)甲卷?閱讀理解B篇節(jié)選）

Terri,whonowrentsahousewithfriendsinWandsworth,SouthWestLondon,saysDIYalsosavesherfrom

losinganydepositwhenatenancy（租期）comestoanend.Sheadds:'TvemovedhousemanytimesandIalways

liketopersonalisemyroomandputuppictures,so,ifsbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepainta

roomtoavoidanychargeswhenFvemovedout.”

26.HowdidTerriavoidlosingthedepositonthehousesherented?

A.Bymakingitlooklikebefore.B.Byfurnishingitherself.

C.Bysplittingtherentwitharoommate.D.Bycancellingtherentalagreement.

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)本段最后一句“"So,it'sbeenusefultoknowhowtocoverupholesandrepaintaroomtoavoid

anychargeswhenFvemovedout.”可知，Terri是通過(guò)粉飾房間，讓它看起來(lái)像以前一樣，來(lái)避免被扣除租

房的押金的。

□

【解題的關(guān)鍵詞】題干中的avoidlosingthedeposit避免損失押金和文章中的avoidanycharges避免

被扣除租房的押金，是同義句表達(dá)。

5.（2023■1月浙江卷,閱讀理解C篇節(jié)選）WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,and

meaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.A

computerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.

Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.Humans,in

thinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsoworkwithsymbols.Butforhumans,meaningiseverything.Whenwe

communicate,wecommunicatemeaning.Whatmattersisnotjusttheoutsideofastringofsymbols,buttheinside

too,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbutwhattheymean.

30.WhatisProjectDebaterunabletodoaccordingtoHammond?

A.Createrules.B.Comprehendmeaning.

C.Talkfluently.D.Identifydifficultwords.

【答案】B

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,and

meaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.A

computerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.

Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.（Hammond所指的

是意義的問(wèn)題，而意義是區(qū)分最不聰明的人類和最聰明的機(jī)器的關(guān)鍵。計(jì)算機(jī)使用符號(hào)。它的程序指定了

一組將一串符號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換為另一串符號(hào)的規(guī)則。但它并沒(méi)有具體說(shuō)明這些符號(hào)的含義。事實(shí)上，對(duì)于計(jì)算機(jī)來(lái)

說(shuō)，意義是無(wú)關(guān)緊要的。）”可知，根