綜合俄語教案04第四冊

綜合俄語教案-第四冊

yPOK1TypH3M

一、課時安排：8學(xué)時，分4次完成。

二、教學(xué)目的：

1、了解、掌握單部句和雙部句的概念；

2、掌握雙部句中主要成分的表示法。

3、學(xué)習(xí)掌握與Typn3M相關(guān)的詞匯、句式的表示。

三、教學(xué)內(nèi)容：

BcTynHTejibHoeCJIOBO：OT^BIX——CJIOBOBCCMHHMH3BecTHoecpaHHero^eTCTBa.HB

HarneMHOHMTHHHBcjiOBBapeOT^BIXonpe^eji兄eTC與KHKCOCTOMHHCHOKOM.HoB爾113HliBH^BI

OT^bixa6biBaK）Tpa3Hoo6pa3Hbiue.BbiBaiOT,KHKroBOpMT,aKTHBHbiiiOT^BIXHnaccBHbiii.HTO

3HaHHTaKTHBHbiiiOT^blX?3T0OT^blXBCOBpeMCHHOMyHCJIOBCKy,KOTOpblHB

noBceAHeBHoii爾n3HliMOJIO3aHHMaeTCM巾mnuecKiiMTpH^OMHMHJIObiBHraeTCM,HpKeH

nO/JBH^CHblHOTAbIX.O^HHMH3BH^OBaKTHBHOrOnO^blHTKHOrOOT^blXMBJIMCTCMTypH3M,

KOTOpblHpacnpocTpaneMBOBMCMMHpe.MnorneJIJO^HnpeAnoHHTaiOTTypn3MnoTOMy,HTO

BOBpeM兄nyrymecTBHMOHHMoryro6maTbCMcpa3HMMnJIIOABMH,nojiynaTbHOBBIC

BnenaTjieHHM,BOcnHTbiBaTbBce6eCHJiyBOJIH.CJIOBOM,nyremecTBHenpHHOCHTnejiOBeKy

6ojibmyjonojib3yTypH3MaSbiBaiOTpa3HueBH^BI：noes^KanoCTpaneHJIH3arpaHHuy,

TypHCTHCKHenoxo^bl,3KCKypCH0HHbliiTypH3MHT0.

Bxo^e113yHeHH兄^aHHoiiTCMBIMBIno3HaKOMHMCMcpa3HbiMUBbipa爾eHn兄MU,HOBBIMH

cjiOBaMH,KOTOpbieHeo6xoAHMbiAJI兄pa3roBOpaHaTeMyoTypH3Me.BKOHUC3aH兄TniiMBI

6eaeMo6cpKAaTb,KaKoeBHaneHHeHMCCTTypn3MBHarneii爾BBHU,KHKOHBJIHMCTHa

3aopOBbenejiOBeKa,HaeroHaTpoeHHe,口a爾eHa（J）opMHpOBaHHeHJIHH3MeneHHeero

xapaKTepa.

^aBaiiTeceiiHacnocMOTpHM,KHKpaccy水口aiOToTypH3MeBHarneMyneHHKe.

rpaMMaTMKa

1、單部句和雙部句的概念

2、雙部句中主要成分的表示法：主語和謂語

主語表示法:

1)用名詞(代詞)第一格+c+第五格詞組表示,MHCBaMn,JlBaHCIIETpOM：即便第一格

名詞(代詞)為單數(shù)，謂語也要用復(fù)數(shù)。HanpnMep,OTCUcCHHOMBepHynncb.倘若謂

語為單數(shù)，OreucCHHOMBepHyjicx,第五格部分不是主語成分，而是補(bǔ)語。

2)由數(shù)詞OAHU、代詞(Ka)K^biii,BCMKHH,KTO,HTO,HeKOTOpbiii)或形容詞(jiioSoii^pyroH,

MHorne等）的第一格和帶前置詞的名詞、代詞、形容詞等的復(fù)數(shù)第二格構(gòu)成的詞組,

HanpHMep,Ka^biiiH3npncyrcTByio卬nx,OAHHH3TOBapHinen,MHorneH3Hac

謂語表示法:'“

謂語按其結(jié)構(gòu)分為簡單謂語、合成謂語和復(fù)合謂語。

yHmaio,aOHnrpaeT.OHnrpaeTBmaxMaTbi.簡單謂語

OHCTHJIKypirrb.動詞性合成謂語，由助動詞+動詞不定式

OH6BIJImaxMaTHCTOM靜詞性合成謂語，由系詞+表語（名詞或形容詞）

4xonyCTaTbmaxMaTHCTOM.復(fù)合謂語

1）用名詞第二格（不帶前置詞）做表語，充當(dāng)句中的謂語，這類表語一般是表示領(lǐng)屬、

性質(zhì)和評價等。有的時候只第二格名詞不能成立，故第二格名詞常與形容詞一起做

表語。OHBbicoKoropocja.EroKOCTIOMnepHoroUBCTH.

2）用動詞不定式和副詞等不變化詞做表語。OHa3aMpKeM.Hama3a^ana—yHHTbCMH

yHHTbCM.

OCHOBHOHTeKCT

Bonpocbi卻IH6ece/<bi

KHKJIJO^HOT^bixaiOTBCBO60AHoeOTpa60TbI（3aH兄THJJ）Bpeivw?

JIjo6nTeJIHBbiTypH3M,HnoneMy?

KaKne6biBaiOTBH^BITypn3Ma?

KHKpa3BHBaeTCMmmycTpn兄TypmMa（旅游業(yè)）BHameiiCTpane?

KaKyionojib3ynpHHOCMTnyTemecTBHM?

CjiOBa,Bbipa^ceHHnHKOHCTPYKI^MH即IHycBoeHnw

1、YcTaBaTb——ycTaTb（OTHeroHJIHCHH（|））——nyBCTBOBaTbycTajiocTb.—OTpa60Tbi—paSojaTb

MHC6biJiojierKO,HO兄ycTajiOTSTOHjierKOc?.

FOCTHHeycTaBajiHnoBTop^Tb,HTOnpHMTHOyuHBJieHbiHnpneMOM,HTOHOMpa3roBOpa.

JIK）ZIHycTajiHa^aTb,HMXOHCTCMnpocTbixH6biCTpbixpemeHHii.

2、OTBenaTbneMy（用未）適合、符合,HaqTO回答、答復(fù),3aqT0擔(dān)負(fù)責(zé)任、由…負(fù)責(zé)

3ToOTBenaeTnHaniHM爾ejiaHn兄M.

BPOCCH6ojieeneTbipexMHJIJIHOHOB爾CHIHHHpa6oTaeTceiiHacBYCJIOBHMX,He

OTBenaioinHxHOpMaMoxpaHbiTpyaa.

3、IlepecTaBaTb——nepecjaTbcUH巾.HCCOB

4、Tpe6oBaTb一noTpe6oBaTbneroOTKoro-neroHCCOK）3OM"HTO6H”要求、要，要求（具備），

指望、期望、需要——o61>MCHeHHH,-COHyBCTBHM,-JICHCHMM

5、IioHanpaBJieHHioK...

6、KoMy（He）noKapMany

7、HanepBbiiiB3nl與口

8、BOTJIHHHeOT...

9、HaJIK)6OHBKyc

10、BKJIIOHaTb——BKJIIOHHTbKOTO-HTOBOHTO—BBO^HTb,npHHHMaTbBCOCTaB,BHHCJIO

Koro-nero.

KCTHTH,MBIBacBKJiiOHaeMBOAHyKOMHCCHIO.

BTOT10口OH6bIJIBK^IOHeHBc6opHyK)KOMaH^yCTpaHbl.

BKJiiOHaTbBce6月-co^ep爾an>

IIporpaMMapa60TM3Kmia爾aBMHHyBniHeABaAH與BRjuonanaBce6與TexHOJiorHnecKne

HMe^HKO-6HOJIHrHHeCKHe3KCnepHMCHTbI.

IIporpaMManoe3耶nBRjuonaeTBce6與nocenjeHHeIlojibiiiH.

11、CoxpaHMTbCM——COXpaHHTbCM

12、COAHOHCTOpOHbi...,cApyroiiCTOpOHbi...

13>HcnbiTbiTb一HcnbiTaTbHTO,指親身經(jīng)歷某種情況，由于親身經(jīng)歷而產(chǎn)生某種感覺。

—onacHOCTb

14、ECTBHTOBbi6paTb(HaJIK)6OHBKyc)3To6e3JiHHHoenpe^Jio)KeHHe

Po6OTaH映TeKCTOM

1、....OTKyzxaMO爾HOcoBepmaTbTypHCTHCKnenoxo^bi

CJIOBHcoeepuiambKHTaiicKHeCTyqeHTbiHHCTOnyraiOTcCJIOBHMocyujecmejiHmb.B

6ojiHniHHCTBecjiyHaeBo6aCJIOBHpa3JiHHHbiHnoBHaneHHioHnoynoTpe6jieHHK).CJIOBO

coeeptuamb6JIH3Kono3HaHeHHK)cjioeyaejiarb,npOH3BOAHTb,aCJIOBOocymecmejinmb—

cjiOBypeajin30BaTb,HCIIOJIH與TE,BonjiomaTbB^eiiCTBHTejibHOCTH.

CjiOBOCOHeTaHHMcoCJIOBOMcoBepmaTb：-BH3HT(Kyaa),—rpex(nepe^KCM),

—^eficTBHe(KaKoeHJIHnpOTHBKOTO),—HajieT(HaHTO),—o6MaH,—Hana^eHHeHaKOFO-HTO,

—omnSKyBqeMH3-3aHero,"no^BHrBOHMMHero,—npecTynjieHHenpOTHBKOTO,"nporynxy

TOe,—3KCKypCHK)r^e.

CjiOBaoconeTaHHMcoCJIOBOMocymecTBJiMTb：-KOHTpojibHaaKCM-HCM,—H^eiooHCM,

—)KejiaHHe,—Menjy,—HacTynjieHHe,-njiaH.

06a3THcjiOBa6JIH3KHno3HaHeHHK)Bcjie^yiomHxcjiOBOConeTaHHMx:-peBOJiK)u,HK),

—noca^Ky—pe巾opMy.

2、Kapejira——aBTOHOMHbiiipaiioHP①.OHHaxoanTC兄HaCeeepo-3ana^eP①，rpaHHHHc

OHHJIMH^HCM.CTOJIHL(H-IleTpoBOBO^CK,KOTOpaMpacnojio)KeHaBnpe^ejiaxEajiTHiicKoro

mHTa.

3、CaxajiHH——OCTPOBMe爾ayOXOTCKHMH4IIOHCKUMMop與MH.OTMarepmcaOTNCJI兄CTCH

TaTapcKHMnpojiHBOM.Xl.HHHa948KM.Bbicojano1609MeTpOB.HaceBepepaBHHHa.Bropax

npeo6jia,qaeTejiOBonnxTOBaMTaiira,HapaBHHHax-jiHCTBeHHHHHa^Taiira.C1855ro^a

CaxajiHH6BIJIBo6njeMBjiajxeHHHPOCCHHH4noHnn,ac1875—TOJIBKOPHCCHH.

4、KaMnaTKa—nojiyocTpOBHaCeBepo-BocTOKeABHH.OMbiBaecT^THXHMOKeaHOM,

OxOTHKHMHEepHHrOBbIMMOpMMH.HaKaMHaTKCCBbime160ByJIKaHOB,H3KOTOpbIX28

^eiicTByioinHx.3rqecbecTbrop^nneMHHepajibHbieMHTOHHHKHHrensepbi.

5、EojibineToro,paccK3biBaK)T,HTOKor^ao^Ha雙如TaxoroTypncTayroBOpHJiHnoexaTbB

AOMOTAbixa,OHnep3TpHAH與c6e^anOTTyaa...

EojibmeToro(6ojieeToro)—BBO^HOCCJIOBO,KOTOpoe03HanaeTnepexo^K6ojiee

Ba>KHoiinacTHcoo6meiiHHM9npHCoeAHHaeTnpe^bi^ymeeBbiCKa3biBaHHeKcjie^yiomeMy.

3TO6BIJIHecjiyHaiiHbiH,6ojieeToro,xopoiuoH3BecTHbiii3^ecbHCJIOBCK.

IOpKaTO爾eXOHCTOKOHHHTB^ecMTHJieTKyEojibnieToro,OHMeqraeTnoTOMnocTynnTb

BHHCTHTyT.

6、....Bnoxo^axTypHCTbiHcnbiTbiBaiOTpa^ocTbOTHHCTO分卬eiiB3aHMonoMOinH,OT

Toro,HTOKa>K^biiiJTOCTO兄HHOnyBCByeTpyxy“pyra…

HCnbITblBa-HCnblTHTbHTO—BOJIHCHHeOTHCTO,—BOCTOprOTHero,-rHCBOTHero,—

6jiaroziapHOCTb3aHTO,—CHMnaTHioKKOM/—6o93HbBHCMnepeaKCM-HCMnero,—BJIHMHHC

Hace6e,-TpeBory3aKOTO-HTO

Hy^cHOPO^HTCJIMMrapaHTHK),HTOHXnpnBCTynjieHHMBcaMOCTOMTejibHyio

)KH3HbHcnbiTbiBaeTMeHbme"OX^CHHHnoMyKaM”.

HyBCTBOBaTbpyxyApyra-nyBCBOBaTbnppK6y,nyBCTBOBaTbnowep爾Ky

HyBCTBOBaTb3anax,6ojib,pa^ocTb,cnacTbe,rope,JUOSOBB,BKyc,Tenjio,XOJIO^,

yBa爾eHU已

7、...BBO3pacTeOT25ao50JICT.

BeeaemBBO3PoeTeCCMHJICTnocjynaiOTBniKOJiy.

B3peJI0MBO3pOCTeOHCTaJI3aHHMaTbCMTKypHaJinCTHKOH.

OHHanajico6nparbCBOK)KOJUICKUHIOBnHOHepcKOMBO3pocTe.

8、CUM巾eponojib——ropoa,ueHTpKpbiMCKoiiOSJIHCTH,.OcHOBaHB1784roay

9、BaxHHcapaii-ropo^,paiiueHTpKpbiMCKoiio6jiac?.OcHOBaHB16Bexe.4o1783ro^a

3^ecb6biJiaCTOJiHL(aKpbiMCKoroxaHCTBa.AeroOKpecTHOcrax—nemepHbiiiropo^

Hy巾yT-Kajie.

10、凡irra-ropozxBKpbiMCKoiioSnacTH,nopTHaHepHOMMope,uearpKypopTOBK^KHOTO

6eperaKpbiMa.B兄jrre6bijiaycTpoenaKpbiMCKa兄KOH(|)epeHi],HHraaBnpaBmejibCTBTpex

COK)3HbIXBOBTOpOiiMHpOBOHBOHHC口ep“aBH.B.CTHJIKHa,①.〃.Py3BeJIbTaHyHepHHJIJIM

4一11巾eBpaji與1945ro^a.

11、HHKHTCKHH6oTaHHHecKHiica“一ocHOBaHB1812ro^yHanepHOMOpCKOMno6epe)Kbe

KpbiMa,B7KHJiOMeTpaxOT凡JITU,BO3口enocejieHMHMKHTH(HbiHeEaTaHHHecKoe).Unoma^b

canacOT^ejieHMMHOKOJIO1200reKTapOB.

12、yKa5K^oroCBoeJiuua-yKa>KAoroBCOIIO6JIHK,CBOHOCO6CHHOCTH.

13、HTOKOMyHenoKapMany-pasroBapHaMKOHCTpyKijHMB3HaneHHHOHCHB^oporo,

HCBO3MO5KHOKynHTb.

TaxaMKypTKa,XOTMMHCOHCHBHpaBHTCM,HOnoKaHenoKapMany.

Illy6aoneHbKpacHBa兄.Kco^cajieHHio,HHMHenoKapMany.

KJIIOHHK3映aHHHM

3a^anne8

1、yHacecTbBee,HTOBHMno^oii^eT.Bbi6HpaiiTeHajiK)6oiiBKyc.

2、ManiHHan求TnoHanpaBJieHHioK^eTCKOMycanaTOpHio.

3、HanepBbiiiB3nl與口^eByniKanoKasanacbMHCCKpOBoii,HaCHMOMaejieonaOKasajiocb

^06p0ilH0T3MBHHB0H.

4、EHJICTBIHacaMOJieTbiCJIHUIKOMjxoporne.MHC3ToHenoKapMany.

5、HoBbieMOACJIHOTBenaiOTTpeSoBaHMMcoepeMeHHoiiMO^BI.

6、BOTJiHHHeOTCTapbix,HOBbieTejieBH3opbiHMeiOTxopomeeH3o6pa爾CHIW.

3a^aHne11

1、BojibHOMynjioxo.Ha^oHeMe^jieHHOaejiarbeMyonepar(HK).

2、BeeJIK)6MTcjiymaTb3TynecHio.BKJIJOHHTCeeBnporpaMMyKOHijepTa.

3、CoBepeMeHHoiiMOJIO^CTKHHPKCHaKTHBHbiiiOT^BIX.OHHnpe,zxnoHHTaK)T(JIK)6兄T)“e3Tbc

pK)K3aK0M3acnHHoiiHaropyHJIHnjiaBaTbnopexaMH03epaMHanjiOTaxHSaii^opKax.

4、Hanoes^Ky3arpaHHn,yHJOKHIJ6ojibiimejxeHbrH.

5、19BCKocTaBJiMeTHejiOBenecByMHOTOBbi^aiomHxcMnpOH3BeACHHiiHCKyccTBa.

6、4BceraanyBCTBypa^ocTb,Kor^ancnojiHMioCBoeo6emaHHe.

7、Co^HoiiCTOpOHbi,yneHHKH^OJDKHBIpa3BHBan>CBOK)ycTHyiopent,ac^pyroii,yaejiMTb

BHHMaHHeHnHCbMCHHOHpCHH.

8、HanepBbiiiB3nl分”,pa6oTaynnTeji與o6biKHOBeHHa^,aHaCHMOMaejieonaTpe6yeT

6ojibmHxycHJinii.

TeKCT"JIHHTeHHM

1、BAM一BaiiKajio-AMypcKa與(爾ejie3Haaopo)KHa分)MarncTpajib貝加爾--阿穆爾鐵路干線

2、BnyrH,B,zxopore在路上，在旅途中

e^tiHa^opory路上吃的食物，ycTHTbc^opora旅途后感到疲乏

3、BOcnirraTbc只受教育me—ByHHBepCHTeTe,—y

BoenHTaTb—BOcnHTbiBaTbKOTO—HTO教育—aeaeii,KOTO—HTO培養(yǎng)--xopomero6oiiua,HTO

BKOM使養(yǎng)成--BaeT兄XJIK)60BbKpO^HHC

4、JIJO6OBBKneMy,CTpacTbKneMy,cnoco6HoeTJ>KHCM^mrrepecKqeMyyBJieneHHeHCM,

6jiaro^apHOCTb3aHTO,

5、cyina陸地，3eMJi與地球

6、oayMarbc只改變主義，回心轉(zhuǎn)意，好好地考慮

7、XBaTaTb—XBaTHTb(1、2不用)

1)(6e3Ji)KOMynero足夠，有足夠的，EMyXBanrrCHJIBIno^HMTb3Tyrnpio.

2)(6e3Ji)KoroHaHTOHJIHCHH(|)(口)能夠，有足夠的能力做某事EroHexBanrrHa3To

aejio.

8、爾ypHajincTHapa^HO,Ha3aBO^e,Ha（|）a6pHKe,ByHHBepCHTeTe

9、TepneTb-noTepneTb6e3nonHJIHHTO忍受，忍耐，有信心--「OJIOAHXOJIOA；HTO遭受，

蒙受-Heyaauy；KOFO-TTO容許；容忍--MCH兄；與（否定詞）連用，（不）容許，討厭He

—BO3pa^CCHHH

10、oinyrHTb-omymaTbKoro-HTO,omymeHHeKoro-nero指通過身體器官對夕卜界事物直接

察覺到的感受

qyBCTBOBaTb只強(qiáng)調(diào)外界事物作用于人的感官所產(chǎn)生的勝利或心理感受。

二者搭配非常相近，只是程度不同。

11、nepeKHHyrbCM-nepeKH^biBaTbCM==nepe6pocHTbc^—nepe6pacbiBaTbCMHCM（彼止匕）互

投、（轉(zhuǎn)）互相說幾句話

12、B03Jie強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物在另一事物的側(cè)面較近之處。

OKOJIO某事物與另一事物的距離可遠(yuǎn)可近

y只與表事物名詞連用，表示緊挨著、靠得很近。

13、MaHHTb—noMaHHTbKoro—HTO用（手勢、眼色等）招呼過來--Kce6ecoSoxa；KOTO-HTOHCM

（轉(zhuǎn)）弓［誘、吸弓IK）rMaHHTMCHMCBoefinpHpOAoii.

14、Han在上方HaarojiOBoii

表示行為所及對象cnACHHeHa〃KHHroii,CMCMTECMHMnyaaKOM嘲笑怪人

yPOK2IIOJieTBKOCMOC

一、課時安排：8學(xué)時，分4次完成。

二、教學(xué)目的：

1、掌握定語表示法和進(jìn)一步了解定語從句。

2、學(xué)習(xí)并掌握與“太空”：相關(guān)的單詞、句式的用法。

三、教學(xué)內(nèi)容：

BcTynHTejibHoeCJIOBO：J13TeKCTa“CKa3KaCTHHOBUTC與6bLJIEIO”MBIy3HaeM06

HCTOpHHpa3BHTHMCOBCTCKOHKOCMOHaBTHKH,06HCTOpHHCCKOMnOJICTCHCJIOBCKaBKOCMOC,

onepBOMKOCMOHaBTelOpHHFarapHHe.

B1957ro^y6BIJI3anymeHnepBbiiicoBeTCKHiicnyrHHK.BcKOpenocjie3ToroHanajiacb

noAroTOBKaKnojieTynejiOBeKaBKOCMOC."JI與3ToroHa^o6biJiopeniHTbuejibiiip兄A

CJIOTKHbIXTeXHHHeCKHXHHayHHbIX3a^aH.0T06paTbHnO^rOTOBHTbKOCMOHaBTOB.“JIX

nojieTaBKOCMOCHJOKHHCTOHKHC,“IOAIIC爾e“e3HbiM3aopOBBCMHBOJICH.TaKHM

nejiOBeKOM0Ka30JiCMlOpHHFarapHH.12anpejiM1961ro^aBnepBbieBCHTOPHH

HejiOBenecTBaHaKOCMHHCCKOMK0pa6jie“BOCTOK“HCJIOBCKIIOAHHJIC與BKOCMOC.IIOJICT

Farapna^0Ka3Ji,HTOHCJIOBCKMOTKCTTKHTBHpa6oTaTbBKOCMOCC.108MHHyrnpoeejilOpnii

FarapHHBnojieje.3a108MHHyrKOCMHHCCKHHK0pa6jib“BOCTOK“OSJICTCJIBOKpyr3CMJIH.

HanajiacbHOBHMKOCMHHecKa^spaBHCTOPHHHejiOBenecTBa.

FpaMMaTMKa

定語表示法：表示事物特征時可用一致定語和不一致定語。一致定語是由形容詞、物主

代詞、限定代詞、順代數(shù)詞寫來擔(dān)當(dāng)。不一致定語有下列幾種形式：

一、用名詞二格來表示，表示領(lǐng)屬意義pa6oqne巾a6pnKn,口BeTHH6JIOHH；表示特征的具

有者CMejiocTbcoji^aTa,HHCTOTao6me爾！n?；表示被說明名詞所指行為的主體，即行為

的發(fā)出者neenenmu,npnxoABCCHBI；表示事物的性質(zhì)、特征等意義nojiHTHKaMHpa,nacbi

3aH^THHo

二、用帶前置詞的名詞間接格表示；示例參見教材。

三、用動詞不定式表示。

四、形容詞單一式比較級形式表示BApyroiirpynne6BIJIHACTHnocTapme.Cpe^HHacHe

6biJionejiOBeKaBeceneeero.

定語從句（三）：參見教材第二冊226頁和第三冊372頁，復(fù)習(xí)定語從句一、二。

要求學(xué)生做四級練習(xí)冊184—191頁中與定語從句相關(guān)的練習(xí)，鞏固所學(xué)知識。

OCHOBHOHTeKCT

CjiOBa,Bbipa署eHHHHKOHCTPYKDIHH卬IHycBoeHMR

IIpHiiiejiaeHb,Kor^a...（npHiujioBpeM%Kor^a...）

BTeneHHenero

3anycTHTbBKOCMOCcnyTHHKHT.n.

Ha3biBaTb-Ha3BaTbKOTO-HTOKHKHMHJIHKCM-HCM

I103B0JIOTb——nO3BOJIHTbKOMyCHH（1）

HTOB3MJIOBepx

3aKajiMTbopraHH3M

BcoBepmeHCTBeBjia^eTb（3HaTb）

IIpHyHaTb一npnyHHTbKOTOKneMyHJIHCUH巾使習(xí)慣于，使養(yǎng)成…習(xí)慣

BBIHTHHaopSmy

IIpHHa^Jie^caTbKOMyHJIHKKOMy-neMy

PacnpeACJiMTb-pacnpeAejimbHTO

3acTaBJiMTb——3acTaBHTbKorocUH巾

OCMbICJIHBaTb一OCMHCJIUTbHTO理解（某事物的）意義，認(rèn)識（某事物的）意義，領(lǐng)會,

了解，明了

caejiarbKaKoiimar

pacnaxHyrbHTO把…敞開

Bonpocbi卻M6ec叨bi

1)Kor4a6BIJI3anymeHBKOCMOCnepBbiiiHCKyccTBeHHbiiicnyTHHK

2)KaKOBO6biJionojio)KeHHecKOCMOHaBTHKoiiaononeTaHejiOBexaBKOCMOC

3)KaKoiianeHbOTMenaeTCMBPOCCHHKHK"eHbKOCMOHaBTHKH

4)KaKHxHOBBIXycnexoBBKOCMOHaBTHK(|)e^OGHJIOCBHejiOBenecTBOBnocne^HHerozxbi

5)Kaxpa3BHBaeTCMKOCMOHaBTHKaBHameiiCTpane

CjiOBapHawpaOoTa

1、參見教材39頁。

2、OBJia^eTb—OBJia^eeaTb

Fnaroji“OBJia^eBaTb-OBJia^eTb“BOTJIHHHCOTraarojia“nsynaTb-113yHlITE”

yKa3biBaeTHanpaKTHHeccKHiixapaKTep3HaHHii?HaHajimnenpaKTHnecKHxHaBbiKOB.

Diaroji“ycBaHBaTb—ycBOHTb”ynoTpe6ji只ere與rjiaBHbiMo6pa3OM,Kor^apentO6

yqe6HoMMarepnaneHo6o3HaHaeTxopomoHOHMTEH3anoMHHTbTO,HTOn3yqaeTC兄

cpaBHHTe：

1)BM3biK0BbixBy3axocHOBaTejibHOH3ynaK)T巾OHernKy

2)OH^OBOJIBHOjierKOOBJIH口ejipyccKoii^OHCTHKOH.

3)3a^aHHMBjiHHra(|)OHHOMKa6HHeTenoMoraiOTJiynnieycBanBarb(|)OHeTHKy.

Bjia^eTb(HecoB)

OBJia^eTb

3、npHynaTb——npHyHHTb(aejiarbHTO-JI.npHBbiHHbiM,3acTaBHTbnpHBbiKHyTbKneMy-Ji.,

BoenHTMBaTbyKOTO-JI.npHBbiHKyKneMy-ji.

1)yHacBniKOJieyneHHKOBcnepeoroKJiaccanpHynaiOTKTpyzxy.

2)Heo6xo^HMOnpuynarb^ejeiinpaBHJibHO“ep爾pynxy.

3)OrennpHyHHJi①HAK)KHHTOTCHaKKypaTHOCTH.

4>nO3BOJIHTb-nO3BOJIMTbKOMy——HCMyHTO^eJiaTbHJIHHTO,KOMy—HCMyCHH(1)HJIH6e3non.

paspeniHTb-paspemaTbKOMyHTOCHH(|)

兩詞都表示允許某人做某事，但后者為通用語，前者為口語。日常生活中兩詞通用，

但后者強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)請求、申請后正式批準(zhǔn)，用于各種語體，而前者強(qiáng)調(diào)對行為的態(tài)度是否

允許，用于口語。當(dāng)表示客觀情況做主語時，只用前者，指條件、情況使有可能做某

事。如：BpeMMHenO3BOJIMCTMHeOT^blXaTb.

5、rOTOBHTbHrOTOBHTbCM

6、rOTOBHTb,nO^rOTOBHTb——nOArOTOBJIMTb,npHrOTOBHTb—npHrOTOBJIMTb

Pa6oTaH吶TCKCTOM

l\CKa3KaCTaHOBHTCM6bIJIbK).—CKa3KaCTaHOBHTCM^eefiCTBHTeJIbHOCTbK)HJIHpeaJIbHOCTbK).

2\...MCHTHnejiOBeKaocymecTBHJiacb.MeHTaocymecTBHJiacb—MCHTHc6buiacb(CTana

^eiiHTBHTejibHOCTbK),HcnojiHHJiacb,npeBpamjiacbB^eiiCTBHTejibHOCTb,BpeajibHOCTb)

C^aBHHxBpeMeHmo期MCHTHJIHOnoneTaxBKOCMOC.HOTOJIBKOTenepb,Kor^aHCJIOBCK

nojieTejiBKOCMOC,HXMCHTHc6buiacb.

3\CnyTHHKH...nO3BOJIMK)TCTaBHTb3KCnepHMCHTbI...-aaiOTBO3MO5KHOCTBnpOBO^HTb

3KcnepHMeHTbi...B3ToM3HaneHHHncxqjie爾ainnMii與BJI與IOTC兄HeoAynieBJieHHbienpe^MeTbi,

raarojiynoTpe6ji兄ere兄B3-BCMJinr(e,no36OJiumbB^HKHOMcjiynaeHejib3M3aMeHUTE

pa3petuumb.nepeBOAHTOiKHK：使有可能，使能夠，允許(指條件、環(huán)境等)

ECJIHnoro^ano3BOJiHT,MBIyii琥MBMope3aBTpa.

06cTaH0BKaHeno3BOJiMeT^ojiroayMaTb,MBI^OJDKHBIHeMe口JICHHOnpHHMTbpemeHne.

4\no^roTOBHTbHnpnroTOBHTb

Bnpe*io次)KeHn兄xcraarojiOMnpmomoeumbBHHMaHHeaKijeHTHpyeTC^HaTOM,HTO

npe^MeTroTOBAJI與Hcnojib3OBaHHM,HMeeTCMnoapyKoii,aBnpe^Jio爾emi^xcraarojiOM

nod2omo6umb——HaTOM,HTOnpon3Be^eHp與A^eiicTBHiicuejibionpHBec?npe^MeTB

COCTO兄HueTOTOBHOCTHKneMy-ji.CpaBHHTe:

IIpHroTOBHTeBee卬1只3KcnepHMeTa:npn6opbi,HHCTpyMeHTbi,MaTepnajibi.

Ha^oTmaTejibHOno^roTOBHTbSKcnepHMeHT：co6pan>Marepnaji,npoeepHTbaaHHbie,

ocMOTpeTbannapaTypy.

5\npe^eHCM(COK)3)-nepeaTCMKHK,aoToroKHK

KoraaBraaBHOMnpe“jio爾eHnnCKasyeMoeBbipa爾aerc兄noBejiHTejibHbiMHaKjiOHeHHeM

HJIHMOAaJIbHbIMHCJIOBaMH(Hy爾HO,Ha^O,Heo6xO^HMO,CJie^yeTHT.A.),BnpH^aTOHHOM

ynoTpe6jiMeTCMHH(^HHHTHB.

IIpe)K^eHCMnpne3爾agno3BOHHMHC.

IIpe)KAeHCMroBOpHTb,noAyMaii.

6\MOryHHHHMOIHHblii

B3HaneHHH"oueHbcnjibHuiJ“BOMHoraxcjiyna兄xconeTaeMOCTbyO6OHXCJIOB

o^HHaKOBaM.HoKHKHayHHO-TexHHHecKHiiTepMHH(o6jia,naK)inHH6ojibniofiMOIHHOCTBIO)

ynoTpe6jiMeTCMMoujHbiu^HanpHMepMOIHHBIHMOTOP,MOiiiHbiiiABnrarejib,MOinHa兄paxeTa.

MoeyquiiBSTHXconeTaHHMxHOCHTo6pa3Hbi而OTTCHOK.

7\JIio6oBbKnojieTaMB3HJiaBepx.—JIIOSOBBKnojieTaMno6e^HJia.

BniKOJieBepayBJieKajiacb,noMHMOMy3biKH,HCTOHpHeiiHjiHTepaTepoii,HOJIJO6OBBK

My3biKeB3HJiaBepx:onanocTynnjiaBKOHcepBaTOpHK).

8\3aK0HHHTbyHHJiHinecBbicmeiioueHKoii.AHOJiorHHHbieconeTaHH：OKOHHHTBniKOJiyc

3OJiOToiiMe^anbK),HaOTJIHHHO,OKOHHHTBHHCTHTYTHaKpyrjibiiinmepKH,cKpyrjibiMH

nmepKaMH,cocpeAHHM6ajiJiOM90.

9\3aKajiMTbopraHH3M鍛煉體質(zhì)

O6paTHTeBHHMaHHeBpyccKOM93biKe3ToIIOH與?eHeCOBCCMcoBna^aeTcKirraiicKiiM”鍛

煉身體“，TaxKHKHeHMeeT3HaneHHM"3aHHMan>c兄cnopTOM”.Kax3aKajiMK)T

opraHH3M?HanpHMep,npHHHMaiOTcojiHeHHbieHJIHxojio^HbieBaHHbi,06TlipaiOTTCJIO

CHeroM,6eraK)TBJiio6oeBpeM兄ro^a,XOAHTjierKOO^CTBIMHBxojio^Hyionoro^yHT.區(qū).

OpraHH3M3aKajiMeTCMBcecTOpOHHe：Bbipa6aTbiBaeTCMKpenocTb3nopOBEH,JIOBKOCTB,

6bICTpOTapeaKUHHHT.aIio3ToMynO-pyCCKHHeJIb3月CKa3aTb：“Ilocjie

3aHMTHHMbi3aKajiMeMopraHH3M??.Ha^oCKasaTb：aIlocjie3aH與milMBI3aHHMaeMC與

CnOpTOM”.

10\nepeHOCHTbneperpy3Kli-Bbi^ep)KHBaTb(BbiHOCHTb)neperpy3KH

B3TOM3HaHeHHHrjiarojinepeuocumbOSBIHHOcoTeTaeTCMcocjiOBaMH,KOTOpbie

o6o3HaHaK)THTO-TOHenpn兄moeHJIHHTO-TOT兄)K&noe：nepeHOCHTbrope,MyKH,CTpaaaHn兄

TM^cecTb,6ojib,06吶y..

RxopomonepeHomycaMOJieTK)

BMOJIO^OCTHOHnepeHOCHJiHeMajioCTpa^aHHH.

11\OHMuajic兄BOKpyr3CMJIHCOCKOpocTbK)...

“COCKOpOCTbK)28TbICMHKHJIOMCTpOBBMC”譯成漢語為：時速為兩萬八千公里。名

詞第五格可以和數(shù)詞量詞詞組兩用，前邊可加前置詞B,也可不加?，F(xiàn)代俄語中傾向

于不使用B。常見的這類名詞第五格有：BecoM,^JIHHOH,niHpOHoii,BbicoToii,my6nH0而，

pOCTOM等.如：HCKyCCTBeHHblHCnyTHHK3eMJIHBeCOB(B)170KHJIOrpaMMOB,pexa^JIHHOH

(B)1855KHJIOMCTpOBo

12\npHHa^Jie^caTb

1)KOMy-qeMy：SBITBHbeii-H.COSCTBCHHOCTB；Haxo^HTbCMBHbefi-H.BJIHCTH,

paCnOpMTKCHH；MBJIMTbCMHBHM-H.TBOpeHHCM

npHpo^Hbie6oraTCTBaAOJI爾HBInpnHa^Jie爾rocyaapcTBy.

H3BecTHaMKapTHHaEypjiaKHHaBojire“npHHa^jie>KHTKHCTH3HaMeHHToropyccKoro

xyz^o)KHHKaPenHHa.

2)KKOMy-neMy：BXO^HTBBKaKoii-H.COCTHB,OTHOCHTBCMKpa3P與ayKOTO-nero

IlyniKHHnpHHa^Jie>KHTKHHCJiyJiyniunxpyccKHxnncaTejieii.

月npuHa口jie)KyKJIIOAHMHeo6mHTejibHbiM,aona—Ko6nj,HTejibHbiM.

13\onycTHJiCMB3a^aHHOMpaiioHe——npH3eMJiHJiCMBHasHaneHHOMMCCTC

14\OCymeCTBHTbBLIX0f5H3K0pa6jIMBOTKpblTbliiKOCMOC走出宇宙飛船，進(jìn)入太空

15\coBepniHTbnporynxynoJlyne在月球上漫步

16\Ha3bIBaTb——Ha3BaTbKOrO-HTOKaKHMHJIHKOrO-HTOKeM-HCM

AKKypaTHoiieeHeHa3OBenib.

He^apOMKaMnaTKyHa3biBaK)Tpu6HbiMuexoMCTpaHbi.

17\KaK...,TaxH...---cpaBHHTejibHO-conocTaBHTejibHbiiiCOK)3

3aeo^AOCTMTBbicoKHxnoKasaTejieiiKHKnoKOJiHHecTBy,THKHnoKanecTByBbinycKaeMbix

H3,zxejiHii.

KaKHBHK)He,THKHBHBryCTC6bIJI0XOJIO^HOH^OK^JIHBO.

18\...c^ejiannepBbinmar...—rjiarojinejiarbBconeTaHHHcTorjiarojibHbiMH

cymecTBHTejibHbiMHMneeT3HaneHHenocjieAHero.

^ejiaTbnepecaAKy=nepeca^HTbc^

"ejiarbnonpaBKy=nonpaBJiMTb

Aejiarbnpoenojio^eHHe=npezxnojiaraTb

“ejiarbnpOBepKy=npOBepMTb

Aejiarbo6o6meHHe=o6o6maTb

"ejiarbcpaBHeHHe=cpaBHHBaTb

"ejiarbycTynK尸ycTynarb

“ejiarbynpeK=ynpeKaTb

19\OTBCTHaBonpoc..JIOKHTHanyrMxKOCHHCCKHXHCCJie^OBaHHft.

“Jie爾arbHaKOM-HCM,HaHBHXruieuax."—Haxo^nTbCMHaHbeiiOTBeTCTBeHHOCTb,

o6M3aHHOCTH,COBTaBJIMTbHbK)-JI.06月3aHHOCTb,^OJIE,3aH與TheHT.口.由?■■負(fù)擔(dān),肩負(fù)著,

擔(dān)在…肩上

BeeAOManiHHe^ejiaJie爾THa^cene.

IlOMHHTe,BCMOTBCTCTBCHHOCTbJIOKHTHaBHC.

“Bnyrn”-Bnoe3口Ke,BnyremecTBHH在旅途中

Bbi^ojiro6yaeTeBnym?

BnyrnJIJO^HJierxoHaxoa兄TTCMBIAJI兄o6mnxpasroBOpOB.

“Hanyrn”-BMCCTC“JI兄npoxo^a,npoeszia在通向…道路上

OToii^eTeBCTOpOHyHeCTOHTCHanyrn.

3TOTHe6ojibiuoiiropo^OKpacnojio爾eHHanyraK「HMana兄M.

“Hanyrn,Hanyr兄xuero”-BBHaneHHHnpeAJiora(KHHTK.).OSBIHHOynoTpe6jiMeTC^c

OTBJieHeHHbiMHcymecTBHTejibHbiMHnpHyica3aHmiHaKaKoe-JinSopa3Baio卬eec兄MEJICHHC

KaKocHOBynero-Ji.■■■道路上的，通過“■途徑

KJIIOHHK3映aHHHM12

1)OnojiejeHejiOBexaHaJlynypaHbmeTOJIBKOpaccKa3biBajiHBCKa3Kax,aBHarnnAHU3To

y)KeHTajio6biJibK).

2)BoBpeMMnoAroTOBKHKnojieiyKOCMOHaBTbiAOJDKHHnpoiiTHMHoroHHJieHbibie

cner(HajibHbieTpeHHpoBKH,KOTOpbienpnqaiOTHXKneperpy3KaMHCOCTOMHHIO

HCBeCOMOCTH.

3)BceHT兄6pe1988ro^aHamaCTpanaycneniHO3anycTHJianepBbiii

3KcnepHMeHTajibHO-MeTeopojiorHHecKHHcnyrHHK①爾HniOHbHOMepOAHH.3TOSBIJIO

KpynHbiM口OCTU爾eimeMKOCMOHaBTHKHHameiiccpaHbi.

4)Hcnojib3yaHOBeiiinHe^OCTH^CCHHMHayynHTCXHHKH,yneHHbieMHOraxCTpaHnpOBOA兄T

6ojibmyiopa6ojynoOCBOCHHK)AHTapKTH^bi.

5)Bee6ojibnieJiio^eiiHanHHaiOTnoHHMaTb,HTO6e3HCCJie^OBaHHMHOCBOCHHMKOCMOca

HCTHHayHHO-TexHHHecKoronporpecca.

6)^e?HHTepecyiOTC^nojieTOMHaapyrnenjiaHe?.

7)^OCTHTKCHHMBCCJIbCKOMX03^HCTBCnOArOTOBHJIHyCJIOBHMAJI兄pa3BHTHM

npOMbimjieHHOCTH.

8)Co34aHileBKOCMOCC3KcnepHMeHTajibHoiiCTHHI^HHno3BOJiMeTHaxo^HTbCMB

KOCMOceHecKOJibKOHejxejibHJIHMec與ueB,na爾ero口HnpOBO^HTb(CTaBHTb)

3KcnepHMeHTbi,HCBO3Mo爾HueBYCJIOBHMX3CMJIH.

TeKCT3JIHHTeHMJI

要求學(xué)生自學(xué)。

YPOK3HOTKHHCKCKOCTIIH