人教版必修二unit4grammar過去分詞作定語和賓補

GrammarThePastParticipleastheAttributiveandobjectplement

V-ed作定語作賓語補足語Focuson基本用法4.The

diseasewascausedbypollutedwater.

2.Mybrotherisateacher.1.Sheisabeautifulgirl.（形容詞）（代詞）（過去分詞）（名詞）3.Amyisawomanteacher.定語用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的性質(zhì)與特征的。漢語翻譯中常用，“......的”表示。Havea1.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname…2.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,…3.TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,…4.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewellknownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.5.Tomfinallyhadthebookfinished.作定語作定語作賓補作定語作賓補PartOne

PastParticipleastheAttributive(過去分詞用作定語)injuredfingers受傷的手指

afingerinjuredintheaccidentspokenEnglish英語口語

alanguagespokenbymanypeoplewrittenexercises書面練習(xí)

abookwrittenbyLuXun1.單個的過去分詞作定語，通常置于被修飾的詞的前面，而過去分詞短語作定語，則須置于被修飾詞的后面。一、過去分詞作定語的位置

2.過去分詞短語作定語,通常放在被修飾詞后面，其作用相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。1.Thehouseboughtlastyearisworthafortune.=Thehouse

that/whichwasboughtlastyearisworthafortune.分析：房子和買之間存在被動關(guān)系，且發(fā)生在去年，說明買房子這個動作已經(jīng)完成。2.Iborrowedabook

writtenbyMarkTwainfromthelibrary.=Iborrowedabook____________________byMarkTwainfromthelibrary.

which/thatwaswritten=Theplayer________________bymanypeopleisYaoMing.Theplayer____________________isYaoMing.這個被很多人喜愛的運動員叫姚明。wholovedislovedbymanypeople

Haveatry!1.Heisoneofthoseinvited.2.Therewasnobodypunishedhere.3.單個的過去分詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞something,everything,anything,nothing,nobody等或指示代詞those時，要放在這些詞的_______后面1.及物動詞的過去分詞作定語通常表示被動和完成，即被修飾詞通常是過去分詞所表示的動作的承受者，且該動作已經(jīng)完成。

frozenfood

食物被冷凍;食物已經(jīng)冷凍了afinishedarticle

文章被完成，文章已經(jīng)寫完了。

polluted

water

被污染的水

①Thebooks

byLuXunarepopular．②We’llgotovisitthebridge

hundredsofyearsago．

二、過去分詞作定語表達的含義

writtenbuilt2.不及物動詞的過去分詞做前置定語時只表示動作的完成，不表示被動。

the

fallenleaves

落葉=theleaveswhichhasfallen

therisensun

升起來的太陽=thesunthathasjustrisen

aretiredteacher一名退休教師=aworkerwhohasretiredManylittlekidslikegatheringfallenleavesintheyard．許多小孩子喜歡在庭院里收集落葉。Therisensunisshiningbrightlyinthemorning．早上已升起的太陽正明亮地閃耀著3.情感類過去分詞inspired,amazed,surprised,bored,disappointed…表示_______。inspiring,amazing,surprising,boring,disappointing…表示

_______。

1.therewasa_________horseinthestreet.(frighten)街上有一匹受驚嚇的馬。2.the

_______boytoldmethe_______newsinascaredvoice.(scare)那個嚇壞了的男孩用驚恐的聲音告訴了我這個可怕的消息。令人…感到…frightenedscaredscaringboilingwaterboiledwaterthechangingworldthechangedworld1.AllthebooksborrowedfromthelibrarymustbereturnedbynextSaturday.2.Themanplantingtreesinfrontofthebuildingisourteacher.3.Thewoman_______besidehimishissecretary.(stand)4.Sheshowedmethebook___________bytheprofessor.(remend)三、過去分詞作定語與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別語態(tài)時態(tài)過去分詞被動完成現(xiàn)在分詞主動進行standingremended正在沸騰的水

開水

__________yesterdayThemeeting__________now__________tomorrow

heldbeingheldtobeheldisofgreatimportance.(hold)形式

意義語態(tài)時態(tài)done被動完成beingdone被動進行tobedone被動尚未發(fā)生表被動用“bedone”還是“done”bedone＆done1.Thetallbuilding_______(call)YueYangTowerhasalonghistory.2.Thenovel_______(write)byLuXunispopularamongstudents.3.Theboy______(name)Tom____________(beat)byhisdadyesterday.4.TheSpringFestival,knownasthemostsignificanttraditionalChinesefestival,___________tothelistofCulturalHeritage.(add)5.Chopsticks,introducedtoJapaninthe4thto6thcenturiesAD,__________(make)ofvariousmaterials.calledwrittenaremadenamedwasbeatenwasadded

謂語形式

非

謂語形式

1.Jimhasretired,buthestillremembersthehappytime______(spend)withhisstudents.2.Mostcollegesnowofferfirstyearstudentsacoursespecially__________(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.3.Thewitnesses__________(question)bythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.4.Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage_________(hide)withinthework.5.Theplay______________(produce)nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectlocalculture.spentdesignedquestionedhiddentobeproducedExercise6.Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I'dlikeyoutolookatastudy_________(conduct)inAustraliain2012.7.Thewalletstolenseveraldaysago_________(find)inthedustbinoutsidethebuilding.8.Theairport______________(plete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.9.Harrycan'tattendtheparty______________(hold)atTom'shousenowbecauseheispreparingthespeechtthemeetingtomorrow.conductedwasfoundtobepletedbeingheldPartTwo

PastParticipleasObjectComplement(過去分詞用作賓語補足語)帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為：+直接賓語（名詞或代詞）+賓語補足語wemadehim

ourmonitor.(賓語)(賓補)(主語)(謂語)

賓語補足語一般放在賓語_________,對賓語___________的作用。之后拓展資料說明某些及物動詞（如make等）直接賓語（名詞或代詞）賓語補足語Jackhadhishair_______yesterday.(cut)cutObservetherulesofthepastparticipleThegirlsarehavingtheireyesight_________.(examine)examinedObservetherulesofthepastparticiple(1)You’dbetterkeep

theguests

seated.(2)We'rehavingourcar

repaired.(3)I'm

trying

toget

thisarticle

finishedforThursday.

(4)Shehadto

shout

tomakeherself

heardabovethe

sound

ofthe

music.1.使役動詞：have,make,get,keep,leaveV-ed作賓語補足語常用于以下幾種情況：XiaoXinfoundallhismoney________(steal)onhiswayhome.stolenObservetherulesofthepastparticiple2.感觀動詞：see,watch,observe,hear,listento,feel,notice,find(1)Whenwegottoschool,wesaw

thedoor

________(lock).(2)Hefound

hishouse

brokenintowhenhegotbackhome.當(dāng)我們到學(xué)校時，我們看見門鎖著?；氐郊宜l(fā)現(xiàn)家被盜。lockedThefatherwantshisdaughter__________dancing.(teach)taughtObservetherulesofthepastparticipleShewishedallhermatches_____(sell)butnobodyboughtasingleone.soldObservetherulesofthepastparticiple3.表示“希望、愿望、命令”意義的動詞：want,expect,wouldlike,wish,order等。(1)Theteacherwouldn’tlike

theproblem

discussedatthemoment.老師不想此刻討論這個問題。(2)Iwant

thesuit

madetohisownmeasure.我想要這套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishands________behindhisback.(tie)tiedObservetherulesofthepastparticipleShewassocoldthatshesat