閱讀理解強(qiáng)化提升習(xí)題狂練

【走向高考】2014屆高三英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)化提升習(xí)題狂練（高

考體驗(yàn)題組：n-13年真題+高考模擬題組：13年一模二模）：閱讀理

解

題型1高考體驗(yàn)題組

（■）

A

（2013?全國(guó)I,A）

Somepeoplewilldojustaboutanythingtosavemoney.AndIamoneofthem.

Takemyfamily,slastvacation.Itwasmysix-year-oldson'swinterbreakfromschool,

andwewereheadinghomefromFortLauderdaleafteraweeklongtrip.Theflightwas

overbooked,andDelta,theairline,offeredus$400perpersonincreditstogive

upourseatsandleavethenextday.IhadmeetingsinNewYork,soIhadtoget

back.Butthatdidn,tmeanmyhusbandandmysoncouldn,tstay.Itookmy

nine-month-oldandtookoffforhome.

Thenextday,myhusbandandsonwereofferedmorecreditstotakeanevenlater

flight.Yes,Iencouraged—okay,ordered—themtowaititoutattheairportto

“earn"moreDeltaDollars.Ourtotaltake:$1,600.Notbad,huh?

NowsomepeoplemaythinkI'mabadmotherandnotsuchagreatwifeeither.

Butasabig-timebargainhunter,Iknowthevalueofadollar.Andthesedays,a

gooddealissomethingfewofuscanaffordtopassup.

rvemadealivinglookingforthebestdealsandexposing（揭露）theworsttricks.

IhavebeentheconsumerreporterofNBC'sTodayshowforoveradecade.Ihavewritten

acoupleofbooksincludingonetitledTricksoftheTrade:AConsumerSurvivalGuide.

AndIreallydowhatIbelievein.

Itellyouthisbecausethereisnoshameingettingyourmoney'sworth.I'm

alsotightfistedwhenitcomestoshoes,clothesformychildren,andexpensive

restaurants.ButIwouldn，thesitatetospendonagoodhaircut.Itkeepsitsshape

longer,andit'sthefirstthingpeoplenotice.AndIwillalsospendonaclassic

pieceoffurniture.Qualitylasts.

文章大意：本文記敘了作者想盡一切辦法省錢。

1.WhydidDeltagivetheauthor,sfamilycredits?

A.Theytookalaterflight.

B.Theyhadearlybookings.

C.Theirflighthadbeendelayed.

D.Theirflighthadbeencancelled.

答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第?段第五句話可知，因?yàn)轱w機(jī)訂票多了，航空公司

有人給我們400美元要我們放棄座位，這樣我們就得再等一天走。根據(jù)短文第二段第一句

話可知，他們甚至乘坐更晚的航班。

2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?

A.Sherarelymissesagooddeal.

B.Sheseldommakesacompromise.

C.Sheisverystrictwithherchildren.

D.Sheisinterestedincheapproducts.

答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文一二段可知，作者很會(huì)省錢和賺錢。根據(jù)第三段可知

她很會(huì)討價(jià)還價(jià)，任何好的交易都不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)，故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.Whatdoestheauthordo?

A.She,sateacher.

B.She'sahousewife.

C.She'samediaperson.

D.She，sabusinesswoman.

答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第四段第二句話可知，作者是一名記者，故C項(xiàng)正

確。

4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?

A.Howtoexposebadtricks.

B.Howtoreserveairlineseats.

C.Howtospendmoneywisely.

D.Howtomakeabusinessdeal.

答案：C主旨大意題。整篇文章作者再講什么地方該花錢，什么地方不該花錢，所以

也就是說(shuō)怎樣更明智的花錢。

B

(2013?江蘇，B)

We'veconsideredseveralwaysofpayingtocutinline:hiringlineStanders,

buyingticketsfromscalpers(票販子)，orpurchasingline-cuttingprivileges

directlyfrom,say,anairlineoranamusementpark.Eachofthesedealsreplaces

themoralsofthequeue(waitingyourturn)withthemoralsofthemarket(paying

apriceforfasterservice).

Marketsandqueues-payingandwaiting—aretwodifferentwaysofallocating

things,andeachisappropriatetodifferentactivities.Themoralsofthequeue,

“Firstcome,firstserved,"haveanegalitarian（平等主義的）appeal.Theytell

ustoignoreprivilege,power,anddeeppockets.

Theprincipleseemsrightonplaygroundsandatbusstops.Butthemoralsof

thequeuedonotgovernalloccasions.IfIputmyhouseupforsale,Ihaveno

dutytoacceptthefirstofferthatcomesalong,simplybecauseit'sthefirst.

Sellingmyhouseandwaitingforabusaredifferentactivities,properlygoverned

bydifferentstandards.

Sometimesstandardschange,anditisunclearwhichprincipleshouldapply.

Thinkoftherecordedmessageyouhear,playedoverandover,asyouwaitonhold

whencallingyourbank：”Yourcallwillbeansweredintheorderinwhichitwas

received."Thisisessentialforthemoralsofthequeue.It'sasifthecompany

istryingtoeaseourimpatiencewithfairness.

Butdon,ttaketherecordedmessagetooseriously.Today,somepeople，scalls

andansweredfasterthanothers.Callcentertechnologyenablescompaniesto

“score“incomingcallsandtogivefasterservicetothosethatcomefromrich

places.Youmightcallthistelephonicqueuejumping.

Ofcourse,marketsandqueuesarenottheonlywaysofallocatingthings.Some

goodswedistributebymerit,othersbyneed,stillothersbychance.However,the

tendencyofmarketstoreplacequeues,andothernon-marketwaysofallocatinggoods

issocommoninmodernlifethatwescarcelynoticeitanymore.Itisstrikingthat

mostofthepaidqueue-jumpingschemeswe'veconsidered-atairportsandamusement

parks,incallcenters,doctors'offices,andnationalparks一arerecent

developments,scarcelyimaginablethreedecadesago.Thedisappearanceofthequeues

intheseplacesmayseemanunusualconcern,butthesearenottheonlyplacesthat

marketshaveentered.

文章大意：此篇文章由排隊(duì)買票還是插隊(duì)引入話題，談?wù)摿朔峙鋿|西的一些原則。市

場(chǎng)在分配過(guò)程中起著它不同尋常的作用。

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingseemsgovernedbythe

principle“Firstcome,firstserved,,?

A.Takingbuses.

B.Buyinghouses.

C.Flyingwithanairline.

D.Visitingamusementparks.

答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第一句話可知乘坐公共汽車遵循先到先服務(wù)的原則。

6.TheexampleoftherecordedmessageinParagraph4and5illustrates

A.thenecessityofpatienceinqueuing

B.theadvantageofmoderntechnology

C.theuncertaintyofallocationprinciple

D.thefairnessoftelephonicservices

答案：C推理判斷題。文章的第四段第一句話中“itisunclearwhichprinciple

shouldapply."表明了分配原則的不確定。而第四段和第五段分別表明了這一主題。

7.Thepassageismeantto.

A.justifypayingforfasterservices

B.discussthemoralsofallocatingthings

C.analyzethereasonforstandinginline

D.criticizethebehaviorofqueuejumping

答案：B主旨大意題。通讀全文可知這篇文章旨在討論分配事物中的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和原則。

C

（2013?安徽，C）

When19-year-oldSophiaGiorgisaidshewasthinkingofvolunteeringtohelp

theMake-A-WishFoundation（基金會(huì)），nobodyunderstoodwhatshewastalkingabout.

ButSophiaknewjusthowimportantMake-A-Wishcouldbebecausethisspecial

organizationhadhelpedtomakeadreamcometrueforoneofherbestfriends.We

wereinterestedinfindingoutmore,sowewentalongtomeetSophiaandlistento

whatshehadtosay.

SophiatoldusthatMake-A-Wishisaworldwideorganizationthatstartedinthe

UnitedStatesin1980."It'sacharity（慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）thathelpschildrenwhohavegot

veryseriousillnesses.Make-A-Wishhelpschildrenfeelhappyeventhoughtheyare

sick,bymakingtheirwishesanddreamscometrue,“Sophiaexplained.

WeaskedSophiahowMake-A-Wishhadfirststarted.Shesaidithadallbegun

withaverysickyoungboycalledChris,whohadbeendreamingforalongtimeof

becomingapoliceman.Sophiasaidlotsofpeoplehadwantedtofindawaytomake

Chris，sdreamcometrue,sowitheverybody'shelp,Chris,onlysevenyearsoldat

thetime,hadbeena“policeman“foraday."WhenpeoplesawhowdelightedChris

waswhenhisdreamcametrue,theydecidedtotryandhelpothersickchildrentoo,

andthatwasthebeginningofMake-A-Wish,“explainedSophia.

SophiaalsotoldustheFoundationtriestogivechildrenandtheirfamilies

aspecial,happytime.AMake-A-Wishvolunteervisitsthefamiliesandasksthe

childrenwhatevertheywouldwishforiftheycouldhaveanythingintheworld.Sophia

saidthevolunteerswereimportantbecausetheyweretheoneswhohelpedtomake

thewishescometrue.Theydothiseitherbyprovidingthingsthatwerenecessary,

orbyraisingmoneyorhelpingoutinwhatwaytheycan.

文章大意：本文借Sophia之口，讓我們了解了Make-A-WishFoundation■個(gè)全球

性的慈善組織，它幫助身患重病的孩子實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的愿望。

8.SophiafoundoutaboutMakeA-Wishbecauseherbestfriendhad.

A.benefitedfromitB.volunteeredtohelpit

C.dreamedaboutitD.toldtheauthoraboutit

答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的"ButSophiaknewjusthowimportantMake-

A-Wishcouldbebecausethisspecialorganizationhadhelpedtomakeadreamcome

trueforoneofherbestfriends可知，因?yàn)镸ake-A-Wish曾經(jīng)幫助Sophia的一

個(gè)朋友實(shí)現(xiàn)了愿望，所以Sophia才知道這個(gè)組織是多么的重要，才了解了這一組織的更多

內(nèi)容。

9.AccordingtoSophia,Make-A-Wish________.

A.isaninternationalcharity

B.wasunderstoodbynobodyatfirst

C.raisesmoneyforverypoorfamilies

D.startedbydrawingtheinterestofthepublic

答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一、二句可知，加公-/?收S/7是一個(gè)全球性

的組織，而且是一個(gè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，故A項(xiàng)正確：大家不理解的是Sophia去當(dāng)志愿者幫助.%心?

-A-IVish,而不是沒(méi)人理解俯?A-Wish,故排除B項(xiàng)；%Ae-竹s/?是幫助身患重

病的孩子實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望，而不是為窮苦家庭募捐，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)不是文章的內(nèi)容。

10.WhatissaidaboutChrisinParagraph3?

A.Hehasbeenapolicemansincehewasseven.

B.HegavepeopletheideaofstartingMake-A-Wish.

C.Hewantedpeopletohelpmakehisdreamcometrue.

D.HewasthefirstchildMake-A-Wishhelpedafterithadbeensetup.

答案：B推理判斷題。山第三段可知，Chris當(dāng)了一天的警察，故排除A項(xiàng)；人們幫

助Chris實(shí)現(xiàn)了他當(dāng)警察的愿望，而且這就是拈加-和s力的開(kāi)始，故B項(xiàng)正確；很多

人想幫助Chris,但文章未提Chris想讓人們幫助他實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想，故排除C項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)不是文章

的內(nèi)容。

11.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMake-A-Wishvolunteers?

A.Theyareimportantformakingwishescometrue.

B.Theytrytohelp,childrengetovertheirillnesses.

C.Theyvisitsickchildrentomakethemfeelspecial.

D.TheyprovidewhatisnecessarytomakeMake-A-Wishpopular.

答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一■段的“Sophiasaidthevolunteerswere

importantbecausetheyweretheoneswhohelpedtomakethewishescometrue.”

可知A項(xiàng)正確；志愿者不能幫助孩子們克服他們的疾病，故排除B項(xiàng)；志愿者們拜訪孩子們

是為了幫助他們實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望，而不是使他們感到特別，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；志愿者提供給孩子們必

要的東西是為了幫助他們，而不是使%A?竹sh受歡迎,故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

D

（2013?遼寧，C）

Hereisanastonishingandsignificantfact:Mentalworkalonecan，tmakeus

tired.Itsoundsabsurd.Butafewyearsago,scientiststriedtofindouthowlong

thehumanbraincouldlaborwithoutreachingastageoffatigue（疲勞）.Tothe

amazementofthesescientists,theydiscoveredthatbloodpassingthroughthebrain,

whenitisactive,showsnofatigueatall!Ifwetookadropofbloodfromaday

laborer,wecouldfinditfulloffatiguetoxins（霉素）andfatigueproducts.But

ifwetookbloodfromthebrainofanAlbertEinstein,itwouldshownofatiguetoxins

attheendoftheday.

Sofarasthebrainisconcerned,itcanworkaswellandswiftlyattheend

ofeightoreventwelvehoursofeffortsasatthebeginning.Thebrainistotally

tireless.Sowhatmakesustired?

Somescientistsdeclarethatmostofourfatiguecomesfromourmentaland

emotional（情感的）attitudes.OneofEngland，smostoutstandingscientists,J.A.

Hadfield,says,“Thegreaterpartofthefatiguefromwhichwesufferisofmental

origin.Infact,fatigueofpurelyphysicaloriginisrare."Dr.Brill,afamous

Americanscientist,goesevenfurther.Hedeclares,“Onehundredpercentofthe

fatigueofasittingworkeringoodhealthisduetoemotionalproblems.”

Whatkindsofemotionsmakesittingworkerstired?Joy?Satisfaction?No!A

feelingofbeingbored,anger,anxiety,tenseness,worry,afeelingofnotbeing

appreciated一thosearetheemotionsthattiresittingworkers.Hardworkbyitself

seldomcausesfatigue.Wegettiredbecauseouremotionsproducenervousnessinthe

body.

文章大意：最新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：持續(xù)的腦力勞動(dòng)并不使人疲勞，真正使人疲勞的是一些

精神上的消極情緒。

12.Whatsurprisedthescientistsafewyearsago?

A.Fatiguetoxinscouldhardlybefoundinalaborer'sblood.

B.AlbertEinsteindidn，tfeelwornoutafteraday,swork.

C.Thebraincouldworkformanyhourswithoutfatigue.

D.Amentalworker5sbloodwasfilledwithfatiguetoxins.

答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段的Totheamazementofthesescientists,they

discoveredthatbloodpassingthroughthebrain,whenitisactive,showsnofatigue

atall!可知答案。

13.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcanmakesittingworkers

tired?

A.Challengingmentalwork.B.Unpleasantemotions.

C.Endlesstasks.D.Physicallabor.

答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段的Onehundredpercentofthefatigueofasitting

workeringoodhealthisduetoemotionalproblems.可知答案。

14.What'stheauthor*sattitudetowardsthescientists'ideas?

A.Heagreeswiththem.

B.Hedoubtsthem.

C.Hearguesagainstthem.

D.Hehesitatestoacceptthem.

答案：A推理判斷題。從文章的最后一段的Wegettiredbecauseouremotions

producenervousnessinthebody可知，作者同意科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)。

15.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinordertostayenergetic,sitting

workersneedto.

A.havesomegoodfood

B.enjoytheirwork

C.exerciseregularly

D.discoverfatiguetoxins

答案：B推理判斷題。從文章的最后一段的Afeelingofbeingbored,anger,

anxiety,tenseness,worry,afeelingofnotbeingappreciatedthosearethe

emotionsthattiresittingworkers.可知推知，要想精力充沛，必須去掉這些負(fù)面的東

西，而去喜歡工作，享受工作。

E

（2013?江西，D）

Onemightexpectthattheever-growingdemandsofthetouristtradewouldbring

nothingbutgoodforthecountriesthatreceivetheholiday-makers.Indeed,arosy

pictureispaintedforthelong-termfutureoftheholidayindustry.Everymonth

seesthebuildingofanewhotelsomewhere.Andeverymonthanotherrock-bound

Pacificislandisadvertisedasthe4lastparadise（天堂）onearth'.

However,thescaleandspeedofthisgrowthseemsettodestroytheverythings

touristswanttoenjoy.Inthosecountrieswheretherewasarushtomakequickmoney

outofsea-sideholidays,over-crowdedbeachesandtheconcretejunglesofendless

hotelshavebeguntolosetheirappeal.

Thosecountrieswithlittleexperienceoftourismcansuffermost.Inrecent

years,Nepalsetouttoattractforeignvisitorstofunddevelopmentsinhealthand

education.Itsforests,fullofwildlifeandrareflowers,wereofferedtotourists

asonemoreuntouchedparadise.Infact,thenaturealltoosoonfelttheeffects

ofthousandsofholiday-makerstravelingthroughtheforestland.Ancienttracks

becamemajorroutesforthewalkers,withtheconsequentexploitationofprecious

treesandplants.

Notonlycantheenvironmentofacountrysufferfromthesuddengrowthoftourism.

Thepeopleaswellrapidlyfeelitseffects.Farmlandmakeswayforhotels,roads

andairports;theoldwayof1ifegoes.Theone-timefarmerisnowtheservantof

somemulti-nationalorganization;heisnolongerhisownmaster.Onceitwashis

backthatborethepain;nowitishissmilethatisexploited.Nodoubthewonders

whetherhewasn'thappierinhisvillageworkinghisownland.

Thankfully,thetouristindustryiswakinguptotheresponsibilitiesithas

towardsthosecountriesthatreceiveitscustomers.Theprotectionofwildlifeand

thecreationofnationalparksgohandinhandwithtouristdevelopmentandinfact

obtainfinancialsupportfromtouristcompanies.Atthesametime,touristsarebeing

encouragedtorespectnotonlythecountrysidetheyvisitbutalsoitspeople.

Thewaytourismishandledinthenexttenyearswilldecideitsfateandthat

ofthecountriesweallwanttovisit.Theirneedsandproblemsaremoreimportant

thanthoseofthetouristcompanies.Increasedunderstandinginplanningworld-wide

tourismcanpreservethemarketforthesecompanies.Ifnot,inafewyears'time

theverythingsthatattracttouristsnowmaywellhavebeendestroyed.

文章大意：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文?？陀^地說(shuō)明旅游業(yè)造成的問(wèn)題及其旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展方

向。

16.WhatdoestheauthorindicateinthelastsentenceofParagraph1?

A.ThePacificislandisaparadise.

B.ThePacificislandisworthvisiting.

C.Theadvertisementisnotconvincing.

D.Theadvertisementisnotimpressive.

答案：C推理判斷題。第一段描述旅游公司對(duì)景點(diǎn)“天堂”美麗的廣告宣傳，但是后

文However一詞的轉(zhuǎn)折意味標(biāo)明作者對(duì)此廣告的不信任，故選C。

17.TheexampleofNepalisusedtosuggest.

A.itsnaturalresourcesareuntouched

B.itsforestsareexploitedforfarmland

C.itdevelopswellinhealthandeducation

D.itsuffersfromtheheavyflowoftourists

答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段首先點(diǎn)明旅游、業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)少的國(guó)家遭受損失最大這一觀點(diǎn)。

然后以尼泊爾這個(gè)國(guó)家例證?？忌菀渍`選B,而文中提到的是，為了給旅游行走者提供

路線，一些寶貴的樹(shù)木被砍伐。

18.WhatcanwelearnaboutthefarmersfromParagraph4?

A.Theyarehappytoworktheirownlands.

B.Theyhavetopleasethetouristsforaliving.

C.Theyhavetostrugglefortheirindependence.

D.Theyareproudofworkinginmulti-nationalorganizations.

答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段和fanner做定位。Theone-timefarmeris...之

后有一句話Onceitwashisbackthatborethepain;nowitishissmilethatis

exploited,"曾經(jīng)承受痛苦的是他的背脊，而現(xiàn)在是他被開(kāi)發(fā)出來(lái)的微笑?！备鶕?jù)感情色

彩首先排除A、Do文章只提及不再是主人，C選項(xiàng)追求獨(dú)立是過(guò)分推斷。因此選B。

19.Whichofthefollowingdeterminesthefutureoftourism?

A.Thenumberoftourists.

B.Theimprovementofservices.

C.Thepromotionofnewproducts.

D.Themanagementoftourism.

答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題中關(guān)鍵詞為determinesthefutureoftourism,是文中尾

段首句decideitsfate的同義改寫。根據(jù)整句翻譯，決定命運(yùn)的是Thewaytourismis

handled中的handled與選項(xiàng)中的management對(duì)應(yīng)，因此選Do

20.Theauthor*sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofthetouristindustryis

A.optimisticB.doubtful

C.objectiveD.negative

答案：C主旨大意題（作者態(tài)度）。通讀全文可知，作者提出旅游業(yè)造成的問(wèn)題，進(jìn)而

提到各旅游公司的覺(jué)醒，特別是尾段最后兩句Increasedunderstandinginplanning

world-wide...ifnot...作者既表明了對(duì)旅游業(yè)現(xiàn)狀的信心，又表明了對(duì)其未來(lái)的擔(dān)憂。

所以作者以客觀的態(tài)度說(shuō)事，不能單方面地選擇樂(lè)觀、懷疑或消極。

（二）

A

（2013?全國(guó)n,A）

Doctorsareknowntobeterriblepilots.Theydon'tlistenbecausetheyalready

knowitall.Iwaslucky:Ibecameapilotin1970,almosttenyearsbefore1graduated

frommedicalschool.Ididn，trealizethen,butbecomingapilotmakesmeabetter

surgeon.Ilovedflying.AsIflewbigger,fasterplanes,andinworseweather,I

learnedaboutcrewresourcemanagement（機(jī)組資源管理），orCRM,anewideatomake

flyingsafer.Itmeansthatcrewmembersshouldlistenandspeakupforagoodresult,

regardlessofpositions.

1firstreadaboutCRMin1980.Notlongafterthat,anattendingdoctorand

Iwereflyinginbadweather.Thecontrollerhadusturntoolatetogetourlanding

ready.Theattendingdoctorwasflying;1wassafetypilot.Hewassobusybecause

ofthebadturn,hehadforgottentoputthelandinggear（起落架）down.Hewasa

betterpilot-andmyboss-soitfeltunusualtospeakup.ButIhadto:Ourlives

wereindanger.Iputasidemyuneasinessandsaid,“Weneedtoputthelanding

geardownnow!”ThatwasmyfirstreallessoninthepowerofCRM,andI'veused

itintheoperatingroomeversince.

CRMrequiresthatthepilot/surgeonencourageotherstospeakup.Itfurther

requiresthatwhenopinionsarefromtheopposite,thedoctordoesn'toverreact,

whichmightpreventfellowdoctorsfromvoicingopinionsagain.SowhenI'minthe

operatingroom,Iaskforideasandhelpfromothers.Sometimesthey，renotwilling

tospeakup.ButIhopethatifIcontinuetoencouragethem,somedaysomeonewill

keepmefrom“l(fā)andinggearup”.

文章大意：眾所周知，醫(yī)生是糟糕的飛行員，但飛行使我成為好的醫(yī)生。

1.Whatdosetheauthorsayaboutdoctorsingeneral?

A.Theylikeflyingbythemselves.

B.Theyareunwillingtotakeadvice.

C.Theypretendtobegoodpilots.

D.TheyarequicklearnersofCRM.

答案：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文最后一段一、二、三句話可知，CRM要求飛行員或醫(yī)

生鼓勵(lì)他人說(shuō)出自己的建議，甚至相反的建議，但又阻止醫(yī)生有過(guò)激反應(yīng)，所以他們不愿

意說(shuō)出自己的建議，由此可知他們是不愿意接受建議，故B項(xiàng)正確。

2.TheauthordeepenedhisunderstandingofthepowerofCRMwhen.

A.hesavedtheplanebyspeakingup

B.hewasinchargeofaflyingtask

C.hisbosslandedtheplanetoolate

D.hisbossoperatedonapatient

答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文第二段倒數(shù)四句話可知，說(shuō)出建議是不尋常的，但當(dāng)

人們處于危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，我把不安放在一邊，大膽說(shuō)出自己的建議，拯救了飛機(jī)，使我加深了對(duì)

CRM力量的理解。

3.Inthelastparagraph“l(fā)andinggearup“probablymeans.

A.followingflyingrequirements

B.overreactingtodifferentopinions

C.listeningtowhatfellowdoctorssay

D.makingamistakethatmaycostlives

答案：D詞義理解題。由第二段可知，我大膽說(shuō)出自己的建議，拯救了飛機(jī)，此處我

希望繼續(xù)鼓勵(lì)他們說(shuō)出建議，將來(lái)某?天會(huì)阻止犯讓人丟性命的錯(cuò)誤。

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.CRM:ANewWaytoMakeFlyingSafe.

B.FlyingMakesMeaBetterDoctor.

C.TheMakingofaGoodPilot.

D.APilot-TurnedDoctor.

答案：B主旨大意題。第?段是主題段。第?段的第四句話是主題句，故B項(xiàng)正確。

B

（2013?江蘇，C）

Ifadiversurfacestooquickly,hemaysufferthebends.Nitrogen（M）dissolved

（溶解）inhisbloodissuddenlyliberatedbythereductionofpressure.The

consequence,ifthebubbles（氣泡）accumulateinajoint,issharppainandabent

body—thusthename.Ifthebubblesforminhislungsorhisbrain,theconsequence

canbedeath.

Otherair-breathinganimalsalsosufferthisdecompression（Mffi）sicknessif

theysurfacetoofast:whales,forexample.Andso,longago,didichthyosaurs（婚.

Thattheseancientseaanimalsgotthebendscanbeseenfromtheirbones.Ifbubbles

ofnitrogenforminsidethebonetheycancutoffitsbloodsupply.Thiskillsthe

cellsinthebone,andconsequentlyweakensit,sometimestothepointofcollapse.

Fossil（化石）bonesthathavecavedinonthemselvesarethusasignthattheanimal

oncehadthebends.

BruceRothschildoftheUniversityofKansasknewallthiswhenhebeganastudy

ofichthyosaurbonestofindouthowwidespreadtheproblemwasinthepast.What

heparticularlywantedtoinvestigatewashowichthyosaursadaptedtotheproblem

ofdecompressionoverthe150millionyears.Tothisend,heandhiscolleagues

traveledtheworld，snatural-historymuseums,lookingathundredsofichthyosaurs

fromtheTriassicperiodandfromthelaterJurassicandCretaceousperiods.

Whenhestarted,heassumedthatsignsofthebendswouldberarerinyounger

fossils,reflectingtheirgradualevolutionofmeasurestodealwithdecompression.

Instead,hewasastonishedtodiscovertheopposite.Morethan15%ofJurassicand

Cretaceousichthyosayurshadsufferedthebendsbeforetheydied,butnotasingle

Triassicspecimen（標(biāo)本）showedevidenceofthatsortofinjury.

Ifichthyosaursdidevolveananti-decompressionmeans,theyclearlydidso

quickly-and,moststrangely,theylostitafterwards.ButthatisnotwhatDr

Rothschildthinkshappened.Hesuspectsitwasevolutioninotheranimalsthatcaused

thechange.

Whalesthatsufferthebendsoftendosobecausetheyhavesurfacedtoescape

apredator（捕食動(dòng)物）suchasalargeshark.OneofthefeaturesofJurassicoceans

wasanabundanceoflargesharksandcrocodiles,bothofwhichwerefondof

ichthyosaurlunches.Triassicoceans,bycontrast,weremercifullyshark-and

crocodile-free.IntheTriassic,then,ichthyosaursweretopofthefoodchain.In

theJurassicandCretaceous,theywereprey（獵物）aswellaspredator—andoftenhad

tomakeaspeedyexitasaresult.

文章大意：當(dāng)下潛者突然浮出水面，血液中的氮?dú)鈺?huì)突然釋放出來(lái)，引起劇烈的疼痛

和身體的彎曲。BruceRothschild研究為什么普遍存在的這種現(xiàn)象在早期魚龍身上不存

在，晚期的魚龍身上就出現(xiàn)了。

5.Whichofthefollowingisatypicalsymptomofthebends?

A.Atwistedbody.

B.Agradualdecreaseinbloodsupply.

C.Asuddenreleaseofnitrogeninblood.

D.Adropinbloodpressure.

答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句話"Theconsequence,ifthebubbles

accumulateinajoint,issharppainandabentbody一thusthename”當(dāng)血液中的

氮?dú)忉尫?，聚集在關(guān)節(jié)處，結(jié)果就是劇烈的疼痛和身體的彎曲——這就是bends這個(gè)名字

的由來(lái)。由此可知，bends的典型癥狀就是彎曲的身體。

6.ThepurposeofRothschild，sstudyistosee.

A.howoftenichthyosaurscaughtthebends

B.howichthyosaursadaptedtodecompression

C.whyichthyosaursbenttheirbodies

D.whenichthyosaursbroketheirbones

答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句話"Whatheparticularlywantedto

investigatewashowichthyosau