英語四級語法

第一量虛劭語?

虛擬語氣是動詞的一種特殊形式,用來表示假設(shè)、意愿、建議、請求等不可能成為事實的情

況,

1.1虛擬語文用于昨真實條件句

非真實條件句往往表示一種不真實的假設(shè)c一般地，它由連接詞if引導，但也可以省略

if胃外.還有其他形式的一些非真實條件句。

)1.1謂語動詞的各種形式

在由H引導的非真實條件句中，謂語動詞具有以下特殊形式:

從句主句

與現(xiàn)在小實相反did,were,v-edwould(should,could,might)+v.

與過去事實相反had+v-ed/beenwould(should,could,might)+have+v-cd

與將來步實相反wereTO/should+v.would(should,could,might)+v.

1.1.2和現(xiàn)在事實相反的非典買條件均

這類非真實條件句表示和現(xiàn)在空實相反的情配。

eg.Iwould/shouldcertainlygoif1hadthetime.如果我有時間，我一定會去的c

IfIwereyourfather,Iwouldcriticizeyoumoreseverely.如果我是你父親，我會更嚴

厲地批評你。

Howniceitwouldbeifyoucouldstayabitlonger!如果你能久留些日子，該多好??！

If1knewhisaddress,1wouldbeabletowritetohim.如果我知道他的地址，我就能給

他寫信了。

Ifhewerehere,hemightbeabletohelp.4。果他在這里，他投許會顰忙的°

1.1.3和過去事實相反的非典買條件句

這類非其實條件句表示過去未發(fā)生的事情，和過去邸實相反。

?3?

egIfIhadleftalittleearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthetrain,如果我早一點惠開的話,我就

會趙上火車了。

Theman'slifemighthavebeensavedifhehadbeensenttoabetierhospital.4。果把那

個人送到一家更好的醫(yī)悅的話，他也許會被救活的。

Icouldhavedonebetterif1hadbeenmorecareful.我要是更細心一些的話,會做存更好?

Youwouldn'thavecaughtcoldifyouhadpuxonmoreclothes.你如果多穿些衣服，就

不會著凍了。

1.1.4和將來?實相反的非典買條件句

這類非真實條件句表示對未來事情的虛擬推測。

eg.IfIwereio/shoulddoit,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.4。果我去做這件*的話，我

會用不同的方式去做的。

Hthisweretohappenagain,wewouldn,tletyouoffsoeasCy.4。果這樣的事情再次發(fā)

生，我們不會4。此輕易地放過你的。

Iftheyshoulddaretoinvadeourcountry,wewouldwipethemoutcompletely.々。果他

們膽敢倭略我們國家，我們會將他們?nèi)肯麥绲簟?/p>

1.1.5省略W的非典買條件句

虛擬條件句中的連接詞if省略時，要把were,had,should移到從句的主語之前。

eg.WereIrich(=if1wererich),【wouldgiveyousomemoney.如果我富有的話，我會

給你一些錢的。

HadIhadmoretime(=IfIhadhadmoretime),Iwouldhavefinishedmyhomework.

如果我有更S些時間,我一定已經(jīng)完成家庭作業(yè)了。

Shouldhecomeearly(=Ifheshouldcomeearly),tellhimtowaitforhiswife.如果他

來得早、告訴他等候他的妻子。

1.1.6甯綜時間非具實條件句

正句表示的動作和從句表示的動作所發(fā)生的時間不一致時,動詞的形式要根據(jù)表示的時

間進行調(diào)整，如果從句表示過去，而主句表示現(xiàn)在，或者從句表示現(xiàn)在，而主句表示過去，可以

使用混合虛擬形式。

eg.Ifshehadtakenthedoctor'sadvice,shewouldn'tbeinhospitalnow.4。果她聽從醫(yī)生

建議的話，現(xiàn)在也就不會住院了。

Tomwouldbestudyingattheuniversitynowifhehadpassedtheentranceexamination.

如果湯樹通過了入學考試，他現(xiàn)在就在這所大學里學習了。

Ifshewasn'tsobusynow,shemighthavejoinedusinthework.4。果她現(xiàn)在不那么

忙.她或許會牟府我們的工作。

1.1.7含蓄條件句

英語中有些句子從形式上看不包含條件從句，但在意義上卻是非真實條件句，這類句子稱

為含蓄條件句。這樣的句子可分為三類：

(1)省略修個條件句°

eg.Suchmistakescouldhavebeenavoided.(省略「ifwehadbeenmorecareful)這樣的鋁

誤本來是能夠避免的°

,4,

\shouldhavecaughtthetrain.(省略jifihadleftalittleearlier)我本應(yīng)該趕上火車的。

(2)用介詞或介詞短語表示的非真實條件句。

eg.Butforairandwater,nolivingthingcouldexist.沒有氐氣和水，任何生物都不能生存°

Withoutsteel,therewouldbehardlyanyindustrytotalkabout.沒有銅，幾乎任何工業(yè)

都七從談起。

Iwouldhavedonethesameinthatposition.我要是處于那個位K..也會那樣做的0

(3)通過上下文來表示非真實條件句。

egIwasillthatday,otherwiseIwouldhavecometoseeyou.那天我生扃了，否則我就來

看你。

Youcannotdothat.Itwouldruinyourlife,你不能那樣做，那會毀了你的一生

Tomjustgivesupeveryrhingforher.Henrywouldn,tbethatsilly.海姆為也放棄一

切，亨利才不會那么傻呢。

1.2度擬語氣用于賓語從句

1.2.1句以“.wishthat?.”

在wish后的that賓語從句中：

(1)如果表示對現(xiàn)在的愿里，從句謂語要使用過去時，即發(fā)生以F變化：

①從句謂語動詞加果是be.則用were形式.

②從句謂語動詞如果是行為動詞，則用過去時形式。

egIwishIwereabird,但愿我是只鳥兒。

1wishyoudidn'ttalklikethat.但愿你沒有那樣說°

(2)如果表不對將來的愿望,從句謂語動詞用uwould(could,might)+動聞原形”的形式。

eg1wishyouwoulddothefavorforme.但愿你會顰我這個忙c

Iwish1couldspeakseverallanguages.但愿我會說好幾科語言

(3)如果表示對過去沒有實現(xiàn)或不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句謂語動詞用過去完成時形式。

eg.1wishyouhadn'tmadesomanyspellingmistakesinthelastexam.但愿上次考試你沒

出那么歹拼寫錯誤。

Iwishedthai1hadlistenedtoyouradvice.多母望我那時聽了你的話。

1.2.2句型“主語+引起虛擬的動利十含虛擬語氣的賓語從句”

(1)英語中有很多表示愿望、請求、命令、建議等意義的動詞，當它們作為謂語引導賓語從

句時，從句謂語必須用"(should)+動詞原形”的形式,常用的這類動詞有demand,insist,sug

gesi,command,request,order,propose,desire,require,urge,maintain,deserve,recommend,

intend,move(提議)，ask,prefer,advise,decide等等。

egTheteacherinsistedthatallthestudents(should)beontime.數(shù)師要求學生們雄?時列校。

Hesuggestedthattheregulations(should)berevised.他戊議修改規(guī)則。

Thelawyeraskedthatthecase(should)bepostponedforonemonth.律師要求案子審

查推遲一個月。

(2)在書面語中,should常常可以省略；在TOEFL考試中,should必須省略.

(3)在動詞expect,believe,thinkssuspect等的否定形式或疑問形式后，其賓語從句的曲

?5?

語可用虛擬語氣，其形式為“should+動詞原形或完成時”用來表示驚訝、困惑、懷疑、不滿等情

緒C

eg.1neverexpectedthattheproblemshouldbesocomplicated.我從未想封問題會為此復(fù)雜◎

Theyjustcouldn'tbelievethatthenewstadiumshouldbesobig.他們希直不能相信新

的體有館會如此大c

Idon*tthinkheshouldhavedonethefavorforyou.我覺仔他是不會給你忙的.

1.3度擬語氣用于主語從句

1.3.1句型

(1)表達虛擬語氣的主語從句的一般形式為:

his/was+引起虛擬語氣的形容聞或過去分詞+含虛擬語氣的主語從句

(2)這類主語從句常常用產(chǎn)表示要求、建議、命令、請求、提議等，其謂語形式往往為

"(should)+動詞原形”的形式C在美國英語中，常省略should,而在英國英語中，則往往不省略

should,

eghisnecessarythatihemachine(should)beoiledeveryday.機器必殘大滅上油。

Itisdesiredthateverystudent(should)passtheexam.要求每位學生都存通過考試°

1.3.2可以引導這類虛擬語氣的主送從句的形容詞和過去分謂

(I)一般形容詞：如important.necessary,natural,possible,essential,vital,appropriate*

better,best,imperative,probable等等c

eg.Itisimportant/vital/necessary/essentialthattheenvironment(should)beproteexed.

環(huán)境保護非常重要：

(2)表示驚訝、厭惡、不解等意義的形容詞：如pily,inieresiing,strange,odd,amazing,

astonishing,surprising,annoying,ridiculous,absurd,sorry,shocked,astonished,unthinkable*

incredible等等，用來加強語氣°

eghisamazingthathe(should)finishtheworksosoon.他這么快就復(fù)成了工作真令人

吃驚3

Itisapity/intereMing/strange/odd/surprising/annoying/ahsurd/ridiculousthata

manlikehim(should)makesuchafoolishmistake.

Iamsorry/shocked/astonishedthathe(should)feelthatway.

在這里,should用「強調(diào)“驚訝”的意義。

(3)“特殊?'形容詞:這些形容詞往往與上面所列的能引起虛擬語氣的動詞相對應(yīng)，如3d.

visable,desirable,urgent,preferable等。

eg】l'*desirablethartheclassroom(should)becleanedinanhour.希望數(shù)寶在一個小時

內(nèi)打掃干冷。

hisadvisablethatanotheruniversity(should)besetup.建立另一所大學是行得通的。

(4)動詞過去分詞:這些分詞也往往與上面所列的能引起虛擬語氣的動詞相對應(yīng)，如de-

sired,advised,decided,required,requested,proposed,ordered,demanded,insisted,arranged,

suggested,moved等＜?

eg.Itisrecommended/decided/requested/suggestedthattherules(should)beprotected.

?6?

1.4廢擬語氣用于狀語從句

141由aslt/though引導的表語從句和方式狀語從句

在這種表語從句或方式狀語從句中，謂語形式跟wish后的賓語從句中的謂語形式一樣，

有如下形式：

(I)如果表示與現(xiàn)在小實相反，從句謂語要使用過去時，即：從句謂語動詞如果是系動詞

be,則用were形式；如果是行為動詞，則用過去時形式。

(2)如果表示與過去出實相反，從句謂語用過去完成時形式“hadl動詞的過去分詞”,也

可用“could/would+動詞的完成時“形式》

(3)如果表示與將來小實相反,從句謂語為“would(could,might)+動詞原形”的形式，

egHekx^ksasifhewereill.他看上去像是病了。

Thismachineoperaiedasthoughiihadbeenrvpaired.這機器運行良好，像修理ii一樣)

Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.他們交談起來似乎是多年的朋友「

lrseemsasifitwerespringalready.現(xiàn)在仿偉已是春天7?.

1.4.2由某些連詞引導的讓步狀語從句

以下連詞可以引導讓步狀語從句Jest,forfearthat,whether等。

egHetookhisraincoatwithhimlesritshouldrain.他隨身帶著雨衣，生怕下雨c

WehidbehindsomebushesforfearThatpassers-byshouldseeus.我們躲在錢樹后，以

稔被過路人看見。

Allmailer,whetheritbegas,liquidorsolid,ismadeupofatoms.所有物質(zhì),七論是

、體、我體，還是固體，均由原子組成。

14.3由某些連詞引導的條件狀語從句

(1)可以引導含有虛擬語氣的條件狀語從句的連詞行”ncase(假使，說不定)，imley(除

非，如果不)，supposing(假4口)，providing(倘若)，provided(他i若)，onconditionthat(X.)<,

(2)這類條件狀語的謂語動詞可用動詞的過去時形式，也可用“(should)+動詞原形”或

“may(might,could,would)+動詞原形”的形式。

eg1*11getsomebeerincaseJohnshouldconichere.我會弄些啤酒，以便約翰來這里?

Unlessheweremyfriend,Ishouldnotexpecthishelp.如果也不是我的朋友，我不會

期掙他的幫助。

Supposinghenevercame!Whatwouldyoudothen?假設(shè)他不來，你們杵甚么辦呢？

Providingyouhadiheopportunitytogoabroad,wherewouldyougo?假若/欠有機會出

國，你會上哪上去？

Providedthatyoucooptratedwithus,thepolicewouldnotpersecuteyou.4。果你與我

們合作，里察局將不會找你麻煩。

1.4,4由某些連詞引導的目的狀語從句

(1)可以引導含有虛擬語氣的目的狀語從句的連詞有morderthat,必thal等。

(2)這種目的狀語從句的謂語動詞用“may/might或can/could+動詞原形”形式。

egShehsienedcarefullyinorderthatshemightdiscoverexactlywhathewanted.她仔細

7?

聽著，以發(fā)現(xiàn)也真正想要的東西。

Shetookthefrontsealsothatshecould/mighthearmoreclearly.她生在前排以便聽

史清更些c

I45由基些代詞或詞組引導的過步狀語從句

(1)可以引導含有虛擬語氣的讓步狀語從句的代詞或詞組有wh-ever型代詞，nomatter

wh-型詞組.，

(2)這種讓步狀語從句的謂語動詞通常用“(may)+動詞原形”的形式；若指過去的動作，

則用(may)+havedone。

egWhateverdefectshemayhave,heisanhonestman.尢論也有什么缺陷，他都是一個

誠,實的人。

Iwon,iletyouinwhoeveryoumaybe.無論你是詢，我卻不會讓你進來。

Cx.)mewhatmay,we*11goahead.允論發(fā)生什么情況，我們卻要干下去。

Youmusin'ibeproud,howevermuchyoumayhaveachieved.不管你取得了多大成

就，都不應(yīng)當努儆c

1.5其他表示龍擬語天的句型

1.5.1虛擬語氣用于表語從句和同位語從句

(1)當表港從句的主語和同位語的先行詞是能夠引起虛擬語氣的抽象名詞時，從句必須

用虛擬語氣,其形式為：從句的謂語動詞用“(should)+動詞原形”的形式。

(2)能夠引起虛擬語氣的抽象名詞：

①一般名詞：如idea,motion,plan等。

②與那些能夠引導虛擬語氣的動詞相對應(yīng)的名詞：如advice,demand,desire,order,pro-

posal,preference,requirement,suggestion,decision,recommendation等0

egYuursuggestionthathebeinvitedwasrejected.你關(guān)于道請他的建議被拒絕了c

Mysuggestionisthathe(should)takepar:inthegame.我建議讓他參加比賽o

Whatdoyouthinkofmyproposalthaiwe(should)goTOwatchthegamenextSunday?

我丈議下周日去看比賽，你們認為小僧？

1.5.2一些特殊句型

(1)句型“hadhoped/thought+賓語從句”:表示“過去未實現(xiàn)的息望或想法”，有“本來希

組,本來以為”之意，從句謂語要用“would?動詞原形”的形式。

eg.Mikehadhopedthatshewouldanswerhisletter.邁克本來以為她會㈤他信的“

(2)句型“wouldrather/wouldsooner/would(just)assoon+從句”：這種句型后面常接省

去that的從句，從句謂語用過去時表示還不是事實，用過去完成時表示發(fā)生在過去的但沒有

實現(xiàn)的學情,

egIwouldrathertheycametomorrow.我令望他們明天來。

1wouldrathertheyhadcomeyesterday.我真希望他們昨天來°(其實沒有來)

Iwouldjustassoonyoupostedtheletterrightaway.我真*笑你立即杷這封信奪出

去。

(3)句型"3is(high,about)time(that)...句這種從何謂語使用“should+動詞原形”

?8?

時，是對現(xiàn)在事實的虛擬；使用動詞的過去時,是對未來的推測和虛擬；現(xiàn)在一般使用后種形

式。

egItistime(that)wewenttobed.我們該_L虎唾也了o

Itishightime(that)wepulanendtothiscontroversy.我們早該結(jié)束這場爭論了。

(4)句型“Honly..."：Ifonly表示“但愿”，“要是……就好「之鼠其用法同句型“I

wish..”基本相同，只是更富有感情色彩，與should連用，表示?時很難實現(xiàn)的愿望。

eg.Ifonly1couldfly?我要是會飛就好了！

Ifonly1wouldpassthefinalexam!但愿我能通過期末考試！

Ifonlytherainwouldstop.這雨要是他下來?就好了o

(5)虛擬語氣可以用于otherwise或6"引導的并列分詞。

egIdon'tknowhisaddress;otherwiseIwouldwritehimearlier,我不必逼他的地址、否

則我早就給他寫信了。

1didn'tknowhisaddress;otherwise1wouldhavewrittenhimearlier.以前我不如遺

他的地址，否則我早就給他寫信了。

(6)理擬語氣用于表示祝福、愿望、詛咒、禁止等意義。

egMayyoubehappy!祝你幸福！

Ix)nglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina!中華人民關(guān)■和國萬歲!

Godblessyou!上帝保佑你！

Goddamnyou!讀死的！

Heavenforbid!天理不容！

Sobeit.但愿如此/就這樣吧。

Deviltakebim!混關(guān)！

(7)虛擬語氣用來使語氣變得委婉和客氣。

egWouldyoumindopeningthewindowforme?你能給我打開窗子嗎？

J,dliketogowithyou.我和你去。

Youmightaswellputthemeetingoffforafewdays.你們不妨把會議都遲幾天°

Theleadershipwouldn*tallowit.鐸導恐怕不會冏意°

練習

I.Iwish1______youbetter.

A.knowB.knewC.willknowD.haveknown

2.1wishedit…buritdid.

A.occurrednotB.hadnotoccurredC.wouldnotoccurD.didnotoccur

3.IfonlyI______theanswer,Iwouldhaveloidyou.

A.knewB.haveknownC.wouldknowD.hadknown

4.Ifonly1_____tomorrow,whatwouldwedo?

A.willnotriseB.wouldnotriseC.didnotriseD.hadnotrise

5.,1wouldtakeanumbrellawithme.

A.Had1beenyouB.IwereyouC.WereIyouD.Ihadbeenyou

?9?

6.UnlessyoulearntGerman,there______littlepointinyourgoingtoaGermanuniversity.

A.wouldbeB.willbeC.canbeD.wouldn,tbe

7.IthightimehimasevereLessonforbeingoftenlate.

A.yougiveB.yougaveC.you*11giveD.youshouldgive

8.Ifwedidnothaveatmosphericpressure,we______automobiletires.

A.cannothaveB.couldnothaveC.willnothaveD.arenothaving

9.Thedoctorsuggestedthatyourbnnher______hisrighthand.

A.avoidtouseB.avoidvisingC.hasavoidusingD.avoidedtouse

10.1wouldbegratefulifyou______thearrangements[orme.

A.makeB.weretomakeC.madeD.wouldmake

11.1(there______afire,rtngthenumber119.

A.isB.wereC.shouldbeD.be

12.Itisimportantthateachofyou______anotebooktoclasswithyouevery「day.

A.willbringB.mustbringC.bringsD.bring

13.Werecommendthatwork_____atonce.

A.starrB.startsC.willstartD.started

14.Theradioistoonoisy.Iwishyou_____down.

A.willturnB.wouldturnC.aretoturnD.canturn

15.Hyouhadn*ttoldmeaboutii,1______unawareofthefactsnow.

A.wouldstillhavebeenB.mstill

C.wouldstiHbeD.wasstill

J6.I'djustassoon______rudelytoher.

A.thatyouwon'tspeakB.younotspeaking

C.younotspeakD.youdidn'tspeak

17.lienwouldhavestudiedmedicineifhe______toamedicalschool.

A.couldbeabletoenterB.hadbeenadmitted

C.wasadmittedD.wereadmitted

18.IfBob______withus,hewouldhavehadagoodtime.

A.wouldcomeB.wouldhavecomeC.hadcomeD.came

19.WehadhopedthatMary______wellagain.

A.willsoonbeB.hadsoonbeenC.issoonDwouldsoonbe

20.Ifyouhadtakenthemedicineyesterday,you______sobadnow.

A.wouldn'thavefeltB.don'tfeel

C.wouldn,tbefeelingD.aren'tfeeling

21.Ifbewerereallyhonesi,he______thetruthatlastmeeting.

A.wouldtellB.toldC.shouldhavetoldD?musthavetold

22.Buiforthestorm,I.-homebeforenight.

A.wouldbeB.wasC.wouldhavebeenD.hadbeen

23.Hithadnotbeenforlily,I_____.

A.shallnothaveunderstooditB.wouldn'tunderstandit

?10?

C.mightnothaveunderstooditD.donotunderstandit

24.Itisnecessarythatthecourseingeneralsciencetakenbeforethechemistrycourse

A.isB.beC.tobeD.willbe

25.Ifithadnotbeenforthestormwc______muchearlier.

A.shouldarriveB.shouldhavearrived

C.wouldarriveD.mightarrive

26.Il】$vitalthatyouourcompetitorstoknowourplans.

A.donotpermitB.willnotpermitC.notpermitD.havenotpermuted

27.kisurgentthatthepoliceanydecisioninthismatteruntil1seeyou.

A.sonotpermitB.willnotpermitC.notpermitD.havenotixjrmtritd

28.May1begihatyouanydecisioninthismatteruntil1seeyou?

A.donotmakeB.willnotmakeC.notmakeD.didnotmake

29.Thestudentsrequestthattheygivenlesshomework.

A.beB.areC.willbeD.were

30.Hetalksasifhe______everything.

A.knowsB.hasknownC.knewD.willknow

31.—What'sMary'ssecondname?

-How______Iknow?

A.canB.shouldC.doD.could

32.Ifyou__amoment,I111goandtelllhemanagerthatyouarehere.

A.willwanB.waitedC.waitD.weretowan

33.Youwillloseweightifyouonadiet.

A.willgoB.wentC.goD.hadgone

34.Ifyou______themovielastnighr,youwouldn'tbesosleepy.

A.haven,TwatchedB.didn*twatch

C.wouldn'thavewatchedD.hadn,rwatched

35.1amsorrythathe______theoffer.

A.shouldrefuseB.hasrefuse

C.refusesI),shouldhaverefused

36.Ifthedoctorhadbeenavailable,thechild

A.wouldnotdieB.wouldnothavedied

C.couldnotdieD.couldnothavedie

37.Heworeamasksothatnoone一一him.

A.canrecognizeB.mayrecognizeC.recognizeD.shouldrecognise

38.1didn'tknowhistelephonenumber;otherwiseIhim.

A.telephonedB.hadtelephoned

C.wouldhavetelephonedD.wastelephoning

39.Hadshebeengivensomeinformation,shethequestion.

A.wouldanswerB.couldanswer

C.couldhaveansweredD.answered

?11?

40.Wehungoutalanternlesthe___lostinthemisi.

A.getsB.getC.willgetD.got

41.Itisbestthatyou____yourtripatonce.

A.cancelB.canceledC.willcancelD.aretocancel

42.1feelveryuncomfortable.1wish1_____somuch.

AdonoteatB.didnoteatC.hadnoteaienD.havenoteaten

43.Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.1wishItoit.

A.hadnotgoneB.havenotgone

CdtdnotgoD.cannothavegone

44.Atthethoughtheshookhimself,asthoughhefromanevildream.

AwokeB.wakesC.wouldwakeD.hadwoke

45.1won,lletyouinwhoever.

A.youareB.youwillbeC.youmaybeD.yoube

46.Yourexaminationresultswerequitesatisfactory,butifyouhadspentlesstimein

playingbaskelball.

Awouldn'trheybebelterB.wouldn'ttheyhavebeenbelter

C.hadn'ttheybeenbetterD.weren,ttheybetter

47.Nomatterwhat.1amdeterminedtodowhatIthinkitright.

A.yousayB.youwillsayC.yousaidD.youmaysay

48.Itwassuggestedthatthisnaughtyboy_____.

A.wjllbepunishedB.couldbepunishedC.waspunishedD.bepunished

49.IfWatergateNixonwouldnothaveresignedformthepresidency.

AhadnotoccurredB.wasnotoccurredC.didnotoccurD.wouldnotoccur

50.Iti5astonishingthatapersonofyourintelligencebetakeninsoeasily.

A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.would

51.1(wasdecidedthatthematter_____referredtospecialcommittee.

A.wasB.beC.tobeD.wastobe

52.Whatwouldhappensupposingtheworldspinning?

A.stopB.stoppedC.wouldstopD.hadstopped

53.Thelaunchingoftherocketwasdelayedhalfanhourbybadweather.Iftheweather

goodtheywouldhavelauncheditat8：40insteadofat9：10.

A.beB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe

54.Whydopeoplealwaysweardarkclothesatnight?!ftheylightcoloredclothesdrivers

wouldsecthemmuchmoreeasily.

A.wearB.wouldwearC.woreD.hadworn

55.1didnotrecognizehimatfirstbecausehewaswearingdarkglasses;i{hethem,I

____himimmediately.

Awasn'twearing..couldrecognized

R.wasn'twearing…couldhaverecognized

C.hadn'tbeenwearing...mightrecognize

?12?

1).hadn,tbeenwearing...couldhaverecognized

56.___electroniccomputersnotbeenused,itwouldhavetakethemalonglimetosolvethe

complicatedproblem.

A.HadB.HaveC.Has】).Were

57.Withoutair,weforcedtoseekshelterfromthesun,asthere______noatmosphere

toprcieriusfromthesun'sdeadlyrays.

Awill,beB.maybe,maybe

C.wouldbe,wouldbeD.are,is

58.Inrheabsenceoffriction,beltsinconveyingpowerfromonemachinetoanother.

AwillnotbeusedB.maynoxbeused

C.cannotbeusedD.couldnotbeused

59Itisdecided(hatnosmoking_____intheroom.

A.isallowedB.beallowed

C.willbeallowedD.shouldhavebeenallowed

60.Thedoctorinsistedthatthispatient____forthesedays.

A.didnotworkhardB.worknothard

C.notworkhardD.doesnotworkhard

61.Theleaderrai*dhisvoicesothatwe.

A.couldallhearB.canallhearC.allshouldhearD.allmayhear

62.Heturnedtheradiodownverylowinorderthathedisturbtheoldladydownstairs

A.shouldn'tB.maynotC.shallnotD.couldn't

63.Thedoctorinsistedthathispatient.

A.rharhenotworktoohardfortwomonths

B.Takeiteasyfortwomonihs

C.takingiteasyinsideoftwomonths

D.ioukesomevacationstwomonths

64.]fhehadn'tlakenglovesoff,hefrostbite.

A.won*：havegotB.hadn'tgolC.wouldn,thavegotD.shouldn*thaveg?>t

65.Ifyouhadbeenhere,what____?

A.shouldyoudoB.wouldyouhavedone

C.haveyoudoneD.didyoudo

66.—Whyareyouinsuchbadtemper?

?一BecauseIhavebeenwaitingforanhourinanicywind.IfyouForanhourmanny

windtyouinbadtemper,too.

A.werewaiting...wouldbeB.waited...hadbeen

Chadbeenwaiting...wouldhavebeD.hadbeenwaiting?…wouldbe

67.EverythingifNancyhadnotcalledthefirebrigade.

A.willbedestroyedB.willhavedestroyed

woulddestroyD.wouldhavebeendestroyed

68.Thechairmanrequestedthat.

?13?

A.themembersstudiedmorecarefullytheproblem

B.theproblemwasmorecarefulnesslystudied

Cwirhmorecarefulnesstheproblemcouldbestudied

D.thememberss【udytheproblemmorecarefully

69.___hewouldhavecometotheclass.

A.IfMikeisabletofinishhishomework

B.WouldMikebeabletofinishhishomework

C.IfMikecouldfinishhishomework

D.IfMikehadbeenabletofinishhishomework

70.If1hadseenthesignal.I______.

A.wouldstopB.wouldhaveslopped

C.musthavestoppedD.hadstopped

71.SomescieniistssaythatitisessentialThatmankind______theamountofthepollutioninbig

cities.

A.reduceB.reducedC-bereducedD.willreduce

72.IfIcouldswim,I______withyouiothereservoiryesterday.

A.wouldgoB,wentC.hadgoneD.wouldhavegone

73.Theywouldstillbemissingatifapassingship______them.

A.didnotspotB.hadnotspottedC.wasnotspottingD.wouldnotspot

74.WedarenotplayjokesonMr.Kanelesthe______angry.

A.willbecomeB.shouldbecomeC.becomesD.became

75.Itisagreatpitythatyou______havedonesuchathing.

A.oughttoB.shouldC.couldD.might

76.Itwasessential